QUIZ 1
19.00 out of 20.00 (95%)
Question 1
Laws only take cognizance of external
acts.  What is the reason behind this
rule?  Question 1
The reason behind this rule is, that laws
will only recognize if there is proof of
action.  If there is no proof or pieces of
evidence that show the violation then
there is no violation because laws apply
equity where everyone has the right to
defend themselves. Furthermore, it is
difficult to apprehend someone without
proof because there are some situations
like thoughts or ideas that they did a crime
but only in internal acts. So, proofs is very
important to recognized laws.
Question 2
Differentiate natural law and moral law.
Natural law is the nature of human
understanding that helps us what is good
and evil with reasons of having common
good. This law is created based on the
nature of the human sense of goodness. It
is a set of rules of what to do in a better
way and natural law has no sanctions. For
example, You help the old man to cross
the street.  Humanity is an example of
natural law because it shows kindness to
everyone and compassion. While moral
law it is a set of rules in society regarding
what is right and wrong.  For example, if
you do something that will cause people to
think you did something wrong and there
will be sanctions. Like people will call you
bad and sometimes they will bully you
because you did wrong which affects their
beliefs of what is wrong and right.
Question 3
Explain briefly the following
characteristics of law:  RULE OF
CONDUCT
Rule of conduct is a law that mandates the
set of man's law or is based on the whims
of legislators of proper conduct that
everyone will follow and there will be
sanctions if we disobey. For example, in
society drugs are prohibited. Rule of
conduct serves as a duty of everyone to
be responsible for our acts in the foremost
interest of the common good and to avoid
conflicts with everyone.
Question 4
Question text. Explain briefly the
following characteristics of law: 
OBLIGATORY
Obligatory means we are all responsible
for our own acts and it is our duty to follow
the rules established by our government in
accordance with peace and good
relationship with everyone. Also, it is
prescribed under legal or moral necessity
because being aware of laws can save
you.
QUIZ 2
Marks 12.00/15.00 (80)
In obligations with a period, the acquisition of rights, as well as
the extinguishment of those already acquired, shall depend upon
the happening of the event.True X False
Question 2
If the condition depends upon chance,
the obligation is valid. True  False
Question 3In a divisible obligation
which is subject to an impossible
condition, such condition will annul the
whole obligation. True False 
Question 4In a resolutory condition, the
obligation is demandable immediately.
True  False
Question 5
Pending the arrival of the period, the
debtor may recover what has been
voluntarily paid. False 
Question 6
Rescission is available to the injured
party in all cases like if the subject
matter is in the hands of a third party
who acted in good faith. False 
Question 7
If it cannot be determined who among
the parties first violated the contract,
both shall then perform their
obligations. True 
Question 8
If the resolutory condition depends
upon the sole will of the debtor, it is
void. False
Question 9
An impossible condition will render the
obligation and the condition void if
there is a pre-existing obligation.
True X False
Question 10
If the impossible condition is negative,
that is, not to do an impossible thing, it
is disregarded and the obligation is
rendered pure and valid True /False
Question 11
The period fixed by the courts could no
longer be changed by the parties.
True /False
Question 12
If the potestative condition depends
exclusively upon the will of the
creditor, the obligation is valid.
True /False
Question 13 Obligations with a resolutory period take effect at Question 4
once. True /False Dean is obliged to deliver to Christy his
car on July 18, 2013.  In the morning of
Question 14 July 18, Dean prepared the car for
In personal obligations, the parties delivery.  On his way to Christy’s, he
decide on the retroactive effect of a forgot something so he came back
condition which has been fulfilled. inside his house, leaving the car engine
True/False  on.  Theodore, found the car and drove
it away.  When Dean came back, the car
was already gone, so he failed to
deliver it to Christy.  Which statement
Question 15 is true?
If one of the obligors does not comply
with what is incumbent upon him, the
injured party may rescind the contract
extrajudicially. True /False a.Christy shall have the right to
demand for the payment of damages
from Dean for the latter’s failure to
deliver the car.
QUIZ 2 (MULTIPLE CHOICE)
Marks 11.00/15.00 (73) b.Both Dean and Christy shall bear the
Question 1 loss as the loss was due to a fortuitous
If the value of the thing diminishes due event.
to the fault of the debtor,
c.Dean’s obligation is extinguished, the
car having been lost due to a fortuitous
a. the debtor shall be liable for event.
damages Question 5
The debtor loses his right to make use
of the period if
b.the debtor’s obligation shall be
extinguished
a.he bought a ticket for abroad to avoid
payment.
c.the debtor can rescind the obligation
b.he became insolvent but mortgaged his
car to the creditor.
Question 2 c.he promise to mortgage his car and did
The court can fix a period for the so.
parties if

Question 6
a.they agreed on a period but failed to For an event to be considered as a
fix it. condition,
b.they never agreed on a period.

c.the period depends upon the will of the a.it should be a future or uncertain event
creditor.

b.it should be a future or certain event

Question 3
Pending the happening of the c.it should be a future and uncertain
suspensive condition, the debtor can event
recover what he has given if

Question 7
a.he has paid by mistake An obligation which is independent of a
future or uncertain event is a
b.the condition is fulfilled

c.he has paid knowingly a.Conditional Obligation

b.Obligation with a period

c.Pure obligation

Question 8
An obligation can validly exist even
without a condition since a condition is
only

a.an accidental element.

b.a necessary element. X

c.as essential element.

Question 9
If an obligation is subject to a
resolutory condition,
a. the obligation is effective from the
time of the creation of the obligation.
b.the obligation shall be fulfilled only upon
the happening of the event.
c.the obligation is extinguished when the
event does not take place at all.
Question 10
If improvements have been caused by the debtor,
a.the creditor shall pay the debtor for such
expenses
b.the creditor shall allow the debtor
usufructuary rights
c.the creditor shall let the debtor pay rent
for the enjoyment
Question 11
When the use of the cellular phone
becomes illegal, such would be
considered as
a.civil loss
b.physical loss
c.legal loss
Question 12
I’ll give you Php1,000,000.00 next
month if I like.  Is the obligation valid?
a.No, because it is a mixed condition.
B. No, because it is subject to a casual
condition.
c. No, because it is subject to a
potestative condition.
Question 13
If the condition is not to do the
impossible or illegal thing,
a. the condition and the obligation are
valid. X
b. the condition and the obligation are
void.
c. the condition is disregarded but the
obligation remains.
Question 14
A condition is different from a period in
that
a. it may be a past event
b. it may be suspensive or resolutory
c. it may give rise to or extinguish an
obligation X
Question 15
“I will pay you when my means permit
me to do so.”  This is an example of
a. a conditional obligation X
b. an obligation subject to a period
c. a pure obligation
QUIZ 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Grade 12.00 out of 15.00 (80%)
Question 1
For the extinguishment of the solidary
obligation, payment shall be made
a. to the creditor who first made the
demand if two demanded (1214)
b. to  a third person purportedly acting on
behalf of the creditors
c. to any creditor if a demand was made
by one creditor
Question 2
Which of the following is an indivisible
obligation?
a. the obligation to give a definite thing
(1225)
b. the obligation is the accomplishment
of work by metrical units
c. the obligation is to execute work for a
certain number of days
Question 3
Statement No. 1:  The judge shall equitably reduce the penalty
when the principal obligation has been partly complied with.
Statement No. 2: Proof of actual damages
suffered by the creditor is necessary in
order that the penalty may be demanded.
a. statement No. 1 is true (1229);
Statement No. 2 is false. (1228)
d. Statement No. 1 is false; Statement
No. 2 is false.
C. Statement No. 1 is true; Statement No.
2 is true.
e. Statement No. 1 is false; Statement
No. 2 is true.
Question 4
If one of the joint debtors is insolvent,
a.the obligation shall be extinguished
b.the other joint debtors shall shoulder his
share
c.the other joint debtors shall not
shoulder his share (1208)
Question 5
Andres and Bryan both undertook a
contract to deliver to Charlie in Manila
a boat docked in Subic.  Before they
could deliver it, however, the boat sank
in a storm. The contract provides that
fortuitous event shall not exempt
Andres and Bryan from their obligation.
Owing to the loss of the motor boat,
such obligation is deemed converted
into one of indemnity for damages.  Is
the liability of Andres and Bryan joint
or solidary?
a.Joint since the conversion of their
liability to one of indemnity for
damages made it joint. (1209)
b.Solidary since Andres and Bryan failed
to perform their obligation to deliver the
motor boat.
c.Solidary or joint upon the discretion of
Charlie.
Question 6
Statement No. 1:  If two or more creditors
or debtors concur, the presumption is that
the obligation is solidary.
Statement No. 2:  If one of the joint
debtors cannot pay his obligation due to
insolvency, his share shall be shouldered
by the other joint debtors.
a.Statement No. 1 is false; Statement No.
2 is true.
b.Statement No. 1 is true; Statement No. 2
is false.
c.Statement No. 1 is false; Statement
No. 2 is false. (1208)
d.Statement No. 1 is true; Statement No. 2
is true.
Question 7
Statement No. 1:  The nullity of the penal
clause does not carry with it that of the
principal obligation.
Statement No. 2:  The nullity of the
principal obligation nullifies the penal
clause.
a.Statement No. 1 is false; Statement No.
2 is true.
b.Statement No. 1 is true; Statement
No. 2 is true. (1230)
c.Statement No. 1 is true; Statement No. 2
is false.
d.Statement No. 1 is false; Statement No.
2 is false.
Question 8
What thing is an indivisible obligation?
a.the performance of an act for a certain
number of days
b.the delivery of an object in such
measure and weight
c.the delivery of the specific thing
(1225)
Question 9
A solidary obligation exists when
a.the nature of the obligation requires
solidarity (1207)
b.the obligors are liable only for his own
share
c.the object is divisible
Question 10
In joint obligations, each debtor shall
a. be liable for the whole obligation
f. be liable for the share of an insolvent
co-debtor
C. be liable for his own share (1208)
Question 11
In alternative obligations, when the right to
choose belongs to the creditor and one or
some of the items are lost, the creditor
a.shall choose any item, lost or not
(1205)
b.shall be entitled to damages only
c.shall choose among those remaining
Question 12
The obligor shall be liable to pay damages
in addition to the penalty if
a.he does not comply with his obligation
b.he contravenes the terms of the
obligation
C. he is guilty of fraud in the fulfillment
of the obligation (1227)
Question 13
When can the court reduce the penalty
fixed by the parties?
a.when the debtor has partially
performed the obligation (1229)
b.when the debtor has performed the
obligation
C.when the debtor has not performed any
obligation
Question 14
In facultative obligations, the loss of the
substitute will make the debtor liable if
a.the principal has been lost.
b.he already communicated his desire
to deliver the substitute. (1206)
c.the loss was due to his negligence. Question 10 The share of the insolvent solidary debtor shall be
borne by the other debtors in proportion to their debts.
True (1217)
Question 15
The debtor shall be liable for the penalty Question 11
and damages if \Solidarity exists when the debtors are
liable to perform their own proportionate
shares. False  ( 1208,1207, 1211)
a.he chose to pay the penalty and not
perform the principal obligation
Question 12
b.he is guilty of fraud in the performance Proof of actual damages suffered by the
of the obligation (1227) creditor is necessary in order that the
penalty may be demanded.
c.he was in delay in the performance of
the obligation
TRUE/FALSE
Grade 13.00 out of 15.00 (87%)
Question 1
A penalty shall only exist if the parties
False (1228)
expressly stipulated. True (1227)

Question 13
Question 2 A penal clause is a
A joint divisible obligation gives rise to
principal undertaking by an obligor who
damages from the time anyone of the
fails to perform his obligation. False 
debtors does not comply with his
(1226)
undertaking. FALSE(1224)

Question 3
If one of the joint debtors cannot pay his
obligation due to insolvency, his share
shall be shouldered by the other joint
debtors. False  (1208)

Question 4 Question 14
An indivisible obligation shall be
performed in full at one time by the debtor.
True  (1225) If two or more creditors or debtors concur,
the presumption is that each of them is
liable for the whole obligation.
Question 5
The judge shall equitably reduce the
penalty when the principal obligation has
been partly complied with. True  (1229)
False (1207)

Question 6 Question 15
The nullity of the penal clause does not A joint obligation shall exist only if the
carry with it that of the principal obligation. parties expressly agreed on it.
True (1230)

Question 7
The penalty is conjoint if the debtor shall False (1207)
pay the penalty in addition to his
performance of the obligation. False 
(1227)

Question 8
The obligation shall be divisible if it can be
performed partially.

True (1223)

Question 9
If the debtor pays to a solidary creditor
who made the demand, the obligation
shall be extinguished. True  (1214)