E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292

Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021

Cilacap State Polytechnic

MONITORING PROTOTYPE OF DIRTY WATER

TREATMENT ( CASE STUDY OF IRRIGATION
CHANNELS IN SOUTH CILACAP )
Latif Yanuar Hammami1*, Saepul Rahmat2, Purwiyanto3
Study program D3 Electronic Engineering, Department of Electronics Engineering
Cilacap State Polytechnic
Jl. DR. Soetomo No. 1 Sidakaya, Cilacap
E-mail :lyanuar478@gmail.com

Abstract— Water is the most valuable thing in everyday life in
society. There are still many people in Indonesia who need an
adequate supply of clean water. With the Nextion HMI LCD
interface that makes it easier to read and control clean water
treatment. This system is made using Arduino Mega 250 as the
main controller module. Arduino will process the data received
from the water flow sensor and turbidity to be displayed on the
Nextion LCD screen and then the level of turbidity and water
discharge can be read. The water flow sensor function is used to
detect any water flowing in the pipeline. Data from the water flow
sensor will be displayed on the Nestion LCD screen,
Keywords:Arduino
Mega 2560, Water Flow Sensor,
Nextion LCD, Turbidity Sensor.
I. PRELIMINARY
Water is a natural material needed for human, animal and
plant life, namely as a medium for transporting food
substances, as well as a source of energy and various other
purposes. Regulation of the Minister of Public Works Number
14/PRT/M/2010 concerning Minimum Service Standards for
Public Works and Spatial Planning states that the average
water requirement is normally 60l/person/day for all its needs.
The need for clean water from year to year is estimated to
continue to increase. In 2000, with a world population of
6.121 billion, 367 km3 of clean water was needed per day,
then in 2025 492 km3 of clean water was needed per day, and
in 2100, 611 km3 of clean water were needed per day[1].
The main problem faced by the community related to
water resources is good quality water which is also air
containing oxygen in it. The existence of water is not only
determined by the amount but also the quality. In everyday
life, good quality water really determines the quality of life for
both humans and other living things.
The decline in water quality is not only caused by
industrial waste, but also by household waste, both liquid
waste and solid waste. Cases of decreasing water quality
occurred in several parts of Indonesia, including in Cilacap
Regency. In Cilacap Regency, the decline in water quality is
caused by pollution from household waste and industrial
waste that does not heed the rules for proper waste disposal
and treatment of the surrounding environmental conditions, so
that it has an impact on the condition of residents' well water,
river water and groundwater, especially in Cilacap. City[3].
Drought disasters always occur throughout the year in
Central Java. In 2001-2007 drought areas in Central Java
occurred in very vulnerable conditions, namely in the
Regencies of Cilacap, Wonogiri, Sukoharjo, Sragen, and
Rembang. Meanwhile, the vulnerable categories are
Kebumen, Purworejo, Klaten, Boyolali, Karanganyar, Blora
and Pati. For areas that fall into the category of potential
drought are Brebes, Tegal, Banyumas, Kendal, Semarang,
Grobogan and Kudus [4].
Along with the times, the automation control system is
increasing and developing, where the role of humans still
dominates the industrial control system. For example, in
response to the magnitude of the process, the system is
measured using a control system. Indeed, the control system
can be obtained using only the relevant setting panels and
switches. Because of the factors that affect the efficiency and
productivity itself, one of them is the use of a microcontroller
and the Human Machine Interface (HMI). Microcontroller
with low power consumption can function as a liaison
between hardware and software to control input and output
logic.
Based on this background, an innovation is needed
"monitoring dirty water treatment prototype (case study of
irrigation canals in south cilacap)”.Where this tool can perform
processing automatically by communicating from the HMI.
To manage and monitor whether the water is suitable for use
or not.Where the water purification treatment process is
 E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292
Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic

carried out. B. Flow chart

II. METHOD
A. Block Diagram
The block diagram serves to clarify the working method of
the tool usedwill be created. The system used for monitoring
the clarity and discharge of flowing water. Where the water
clarity measurement system uses a turbidity sensor by
measuring NTU levels in the water and a system that
measures water flow using a water flow sensor with readings
on the Nextion HMI LCD screen. Below is an image of a
block diagram that will be applied in the process of
monitoring water purification.
The following flow chart is the working step of the PDAM
water treatment simulation. This flow chart in addition to
explaining the work steps also aims to facilitate the design.
The working principle of the designed method LCD
NEXTION reads the system used to control. Then the pump is
on by being controlled using the NEXTION LCD to fill tank 2
to the brim, when tank 2 is full then valve 1 is closed and the
sensor reads the turbidity of the water in tank 2 and is
displayed on the NEXTION LCD, when the turbidity sensor
reads the water is cloudy valves 2 and 3 open simultaneously
to pour chemicals, then the DC motor is on to mix the
chemicals with cloudy water so that the water becomes clean.
Then when the water is clean, valve 4 opens to drain the clean
water into the clean water storage tank. Finally, the water flow
sensor reads the clean water discharge that will be used.

Figure 1. Block Diagram

The components in the block diagram are described in the

following description:
a. Power Supplay as an input for lowering the voltage
from the PLN source.
b. Arduino Mega 2560 as a program system in the
water purification work process.
c. LCD Netion as a controller and monitoring of the
microcontroller and the sensors used.
d. Water Pump (Water Pump) DC 12V as a supplier of
dirty water that will be tested.
e. 12V DC motor as a tool used to mix chemicals used
for water purification.
f. Turbidty sensor as a measure of the quality of dirty
water.
g. Water Flow sensor as a reader of the flowed
Figure 2. Flowchart of dirty water treatment
discharge.
 E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292
Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic

Figure 3. Flowchart of clean water treatment Figure 5. Turbidity sensor wiring

C. Nextion 7.0” NX804870 . LCD
Nextion LCD circuit design using Arduino Mega 2560
microcontroller can be seen in Figure 4
Turbidity Sensor readings are carried out with 2 tests
where the test uses river irrigation water and water mixed with
coffee as a turbidity to determine the level of turbidity of
water at the beginning before processing and turbidity of
water at the end after processing.

E. Water Flow sensor design

Figure 4. Nextion LCD Wairing

D. Wiring on the Turbidity Sensor
The design of the electrical circuit on the turbidty sensor
can be seen in Figure 3.8 below shows a picture of the
electrical circuit of the turbidty sensor and the table shows
table 3.3 wiring information according to color in Figure 3.9

Figure 6. Wiring sensor Water Flow

 E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292
Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic

Table 1. Pin Description Water Flow Sensor 50 6 ml 6 ml 24.7

50 7 ml 7ml 20.7
Color Information
Red 5v Mega, Water Flow Sensor 1 & 2 50 8 ml 8 ml 17.9
Black Ground Mega, Water Flow Sensor 1&2 50 9 ml 9 ml 16.8
Orange Pin 18 Water Flow Sensor 1 50 10 ml 10 ml 14.5
Yellow Pin 19 Water Flow Sensor 2
Based on Table 4.1 above, the measurement of the
F. Monitoring Tool Image
turbidity level using alum and pac has been carried out on
irrigation river water with a ratio of 1 liter of each aqua water
that has been mixed with alum and pac with a composition
ratio for 1 liter of turbid water using 1 ml of pac and alum and
then stirred for 10 seconds to get clean water.

Graph of the Relationship Between Initial

NTU and Chemical Substances
56

INITIAL NTU
Figure 7. Front View 49
42
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PAC And ALUM (mL)

Figure 9. Graph of the Relationship Between Initial NTU and

Chemical Substances

Figure 8. Rear View Graph of the Relationship Between Final NTU

and Chemical Substances
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 40
FINAL NTU

A. Water Turbidity Level Measurement 20

The measurement of the level of turbidity of water is
carried out with 2 measurements where the measurement uses 0
river irrigation water and water mixed with coffee as a cloud 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
to determine the level of turbidity of water at the beginning
PAC And ALUM (mL)
before processing and turbidity of water at the end after
processing.
Table 2. Results of Measurement of Turbidity Levels in River Figure 10. Graph of the Relationship Between Final NTU and
Water Chemical Substances

Water Initial Chemicals NTU Based on the results of the measurement of the level of
type NTU PAC ALUM Final turbidity of water carried out 10 times, good clarity results are
needed with the addition of chemical substances gradually so
RIVER 50 1 ml 1 ml 38
that it can be analyzed that the more chemicals are added, the
IRRIGA 50 2 ml 2 ml 35
level of turbidity will decrease.
TION 50 3 ml 3 ml 34
50 4 ml 4 ml 33.4
50 5 ml 5 ml 25
 E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292
Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic

Table 3. Results of Measurement of Turbidity Levels in

Coffee Water Graph of the Relationship Between Final NTU
and Chemical Substances
TYPE OF EARLY Chemicals END NTU
WATER NTU 100

FINAL NTU
PAC ALUM
COFFEE 92 1 ml 1 ml 86.5
50
WATER
91.5 2 ml 2 ml 79.2
0
91 3 ml 3 ml 75
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
91.5 4 ml 4 ml 60 PAC And ALUM (mL)
91 5 ml 5 ml 57.4
90 6 ml 6 ml 54.1 Figure 12. Graph of the Relationship Between Final NTU and
Chemical Substances
90 7 ml 7 ml 52
Based on the results of the measurement of the
90 8 ml 8 ml 51.78 turbidity level in coffee water carried out 10 times, good
91 9 ml 9 ml 49.4 clarity results are needed with the addition of chemical
substances gradually so that it can be analyzed that the more
90 10 ml 10 ml 47.9 chemicals are added, the turbidity level will decrease.
Based on Table 3. above, the measurement of the level of
turbidity in coffee water using alum and pac with a ratio of 1 B. Water Discharge Data Collection.
liter of each aqua water that has been mixed with alum and This water discharge data retrieval is carried out to find
pac with a composition ratio for 1 liter of cloudy water using 1 out how much dirty water flows from tank 1 to tank 2
ml of pac and alum substances, then Stir for 10 seconds to get (treatment tank). This data collection was carried out 6 times
water clarity. to find out the results of the discharge obtained from each liter
of water.
Graph of the Relationship Between Initial
NTU and Chemical Substances Table 4. Results of Water Discharge Data Collection

94 Capacity ( L ) Debit (L/S) Time(S)

INITIAL NTU

92
1 liter 0.125 8
90
88 2 liters 0.125 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PAC And ALUM (mL) 3 liters 0.125 24

Figure 11. Graph of the Relationship Between Initial NTU and 4 liters 0.125 32
Chemical Substances
5 liters 0.125 40

6 liters 0.125 48

Based on Table 4. That we can know that the value of the

water discharge per liter is constant at a discharge of 0.125L/S
which we want to do processing. To calculate how much time
is needed with the flow time formula: volume: speed
(discharge) where to drain the amount of water capacity of 3
liters takes 24 seconds with the difference per liter is 8
 E-JOINT ( Electronica and Electrical Journal of Innovation Technology) ISSN : 2745 - 9292
Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic

seconds.
Based on Table 5. on the overall system test, the tool can
Graph of the Relationship Between Water operate as a whole. Based on the tests that have been carried
Capacity and Time out, in this final project the final turbidity standard uses 25
60 NTU. To meet the turbidity standard requires the addition of
Time(second)

45 alum chemical substances and PAC is carried out

continuously to obtain standard results.
30
15
IV. CONCLUSION
0
The conclusions that can be drawn from the design and
1 2 3 4 5 6
manufacture process to this TA analysis are as follows:
Capacity(L) 1. A dirty water treatment prototype has been made (a case
study of irrigation canals in South Cilacap) with
dimensions of 66x50x80 cm with 1.2 mm holo iron
Figure 13. Graph of the Relationship Between Water Capacity
material and 1 mm thick iron plate. There is a panel box
and Time
as a place for electrical components consisting of a
turbidity sensor, water flow sensor, buzzer, power
Grafik Hubungan Antara Debit supply, LCD Nextion.
Terhadap Kapasitas Air 2. A tool has been created that can monitor the level of
Water Discharge(L/s)

turbidity that flows using the Nextion LCD with the

0,14 results of the Nextion LCD test that can display the
results of making designs in the Nextion editor
0,12
application. Making the display on the nextion lcd screen
0,1 can work by displaying the results of measuring the level
1 2 3 4 5 6 of turbidity in river irrigation water and coffee water, as
well as displaying the results of water discharge data
Water Capacity (L)
collection.
3. A tool that can perform purification without filtering has
Figure 14. Graph of the Relationship Between Water Capacity been made with the results of measuring the level of
and Discharge water turbidity being carried out 10 times. Good clarity
results are needed with the addition of chemicals
Based on the results of data collection of water discharge
gradually so that it can be analyzed that the more
which was carried out 6 times, it can be analyzed that the
chemicals are added, the level of turbidity will decrease.
results of the water discharge after measurement obtained
results of 0.125 L/s in each experiment.

C. Overall System Test REFERENCE

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Vol. 02, No. 14, September 2021
Cilacap State Polytechnic
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