Computer Hardware

(CMP101)

Before we begin!

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 Introductions, Introductions, Introductions

My Name is Daniel Jn. Baptiste; Daniel, Mr. Jn. Baptiste, or sir will do.

I can be contacted at email address

djnbaptiste@apps.salcc.edu.lc, and will only respond to emails
ending with @apps.salcc.edu.lc

Now a little about yourself.

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 Choosing a Professional Email Address
How to Choose a name for your Email address:
If you are starting now, and planning to get an Email address
likename.surname@emailservice.com, it would be tough, as most of such Email addresses
are already taken. Very first thing which you could do is, you can select the Email service
you are planning to use. My recommendation would be Gmail or Outlook. Outlook is fairly
new, and you can easily get your desired Email address. Here I’ pointing out few tips which
will help you to choose a email name, which doesn’t suck:
Your name:
 Nothing could be better than using your name as an Email address.
 For example, joe.public@outlook.com. If you have a common name, chances are high, such Email
addresses are already taken. In this case, you can play around with words.
For example:
 Many Email service providers will let you use few special characters like underscore, dash which could
be used to get a desired email username
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 Choosing a Professional Email Address
Easy to remember:
Select a username, which is not only easy to remember, but easy to
pronounce too. Since we are dealing with personal Email address, which we
usually don’ t add in our business cards, having a short and easy to
remember Email address will do the magic.
Things not to do while selecting Personal Email name:
Don’t use any prefix or suffix like (Sweet, innocent, hunk), while selecting
your Email address.
Your Email address is all about you, so don’t link your Email address with
your boyfriend/girlfriend name.
By all means, never use something like: gochat69@Hotmail.com or
realbadpimp@yahoo.com.

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 A Few Things to Remember

1.Never Assume
It make an ass of u and me (ass-u-me)
2.RTFM
Read The Freaking Manual
3.So you don’t end up being an ID 10 T
This is an IDIOT!
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 What Is A Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions (software) stored
in its own memory unit, that can accept data
(input), manipulate data (process), and produce
information (output) from the processing.
Generally, the term is used to describe a collection
of devices that function together as a system.

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Devices that comprise a computer system
Monitor Speaker
(output) (output) System unit
(processor, memory…)

Printer
(output)

Storage devices
(CD-RW, Floppy,
Hard disk, zip,…)
Mouse
(input)
Scanner Keyboard
(input) (input)
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What Does A Computer Do?

Computers can perform four general operations, which

comprise the information processing cycle.

 Input
 Process
 Output
 Storage

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 Data and Information
All computer processing requires data, which is a collection of
raw facts, figures and symbols, such as numbers, words,
images, video and sound, given to the computer during the
input phase.
Computers manipulate data to create information.
Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful.
During the output Phase, the information that has been
created is put into some form, such as a printed report.
The information can also be put in computer storage for future
use.
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 Why Is A Computer So Powerful?
The ability to perform the information
processing cycle with amazing speed.
Reliability (low failure rate).
Accuracy.
Ability to store huge amounts of data and
information.
Ability to communicate with other computers.
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How Does a Computer Know what to do?
It must be given a detailed list of instructions,
called a compute program or software, that tells
it exactly what to do.
Before processing a specific job, the computer
program corresponding to that job must be
stored in memory.
Once the program is stored in memory the
compute can start the operation by executing the
program instructions one after the other.
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What Are The Primary Components Of A Computer ?

Input devices.
Central Processing Unit
(containing the control
unit and the
arithmetic/logic unit).
Memory.
Output devices.
Storage devices.
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 Input Devices

Keyboard.
Mouse.
Scanner
Touch Screen
Camera (WebCam)
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 The Keyboard

The most commonly used input device is the

keyboard on which data is entered by manually
keying in or typing certain keys. A keyboard typically
has 101 or 105 keys.

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 The Mouse
Is a pointing device which is used to control the
movement of a mouse pointer on the screen to
make selections from the screen. A mouse has
one to five buttons. The bottom of the mouse is
flat and contains a mechanism that detects
movement of the mouse.

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 The Central processing Unit
The central processing unit (CPU) contains electronic
circuits that cause processing to occur. The CPU interprets
instructions to the computer, performs the logical and
arithmetic processing operations, and causes the input
and output operations to occur. It is considered the
“brain” of the computer.

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 Memory
Memory also called Random Access Memory or RAM
(temporary memory) is the main memory of the computer. It
consists of electronic components that store data including
numbers, letters of the alphabet, graphics and sound. Any
information stored in RAM is lost when the computer is
turned off.

Read Only Memory or ROM is memory that is etched on a

chip that has start-up directions for your computer. It is
permanent memory.

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 How is memory measured?
By number of bytes available for storage

Term Abbreviation Approximate Size

Kilobyte KB or K 1 thousand bytes

Megabyte MB 1 million bytes
Gigabyte GB 1 billion bytes
Terabyte TB 1 trillion bytes
Amount Of RAM In Computers
The amount of memory in computers is typically measured
in Gigabytes.
A gigabyte (GB) is roughly equivalent to 1 billion bytes (230
or 1,073,741,824). One kilobyte (K or KB) equals
approximately 1,000 memory locations, therefore one
gigabyte equals approximately one billion locations. A
memory location, or byte, usually stores one character.
Therefore, a computer with 2 GB of memory can store
approximately 2 billion characters.

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 Output Devices
Output devices make the information resulting from
the processing available for use. The two output
devices more commonly used are the printer and the
computer screen.
The printer produces a hard copy of your output, and
the computer screen produces a soft copy of your
output.

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 Storage Devices

Auxiliary storage devices are used to store

data when they are not being used in memory.
The most common types of auxiliary storage
used on personal computers are floppy disks
(old), USB/flash drive (new) hard disks and CD-
ROM (optical) drives.

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 Operating System Software
Operating system software tells the computer how to
perform the functions of loading, storing and executing an
application and how to transfer data.
Today, many computers use an operating system that has a
graphical user interface (GUI) that provides visual clues such
as icon symbols to help the user. Microsoft Windows 8.1 is a
widely used graphical operating system. DOS (Disk
Operating System) is an old operating system that is text-
based.

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