RRL & RRS

CHAPTER III – LITERATURE REVIEW

INTRODUCTION

Nursing students must develop and possess the critical competency of cultural competence. If

interpersonal biases are not appropriately evaluated, they could harm the patient's health. The

significance of implementing training that is culturally appropriate for the population has been

highlighted in nursing programs and literature. The chapter that follows examines cultural competency

and covers nursing curricula and the value of a varied nursing population.

Cultural Competence Overview

When there is cultural congruence between the patient and the healthcare professional, the

finest health services are delivered and the best health outcomes are achieved (Stein, 2010).

Researchers have determined how cultural diversity develops.

Competence is a crucial tactic for efficient healthcare delivery. Professionals can use this

method to cope with cultural differences in healthcare in an appropriate manner (Bloch, 2012; Cowan &

Norman, 2006; Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America , 2001; Smedley,

Stith, & Nelson, 2002; Whittemore, 2007)

This study focused on the skills, attitudes, and knowledge (constructs of Campinha-theory,

Bacote's 2002) of nursing students in a program that integrates cultural content into its curriculum to

determine differences in levels of cultural competence in students from various racial and ethnic

immigrant backgrounds. A nursing education curriculum should equip students with the skills necessary

to work with a variety of patients. Finding the cultural competence levels of students will show how well
the program prepares its students to provide healthcare to a patient population that is racially and

culturally diverse. Patient care satisfaction is impacted by nurses' cultural competence.

Clinicians who understand the profound influence that culture has on a person's health are

aware of the intimate relationship between their clinical and cultural competence (Comas-Diaz, 2011).

Healthcare professionals concur that a nurse's cultural competency affects patient health outcomes, but

there is no set uniform protocol for applying it in a clinician's learning or practice (Stein, 2010). The

research examined in this chapter paints a picture of how cultural competency has affected nursing

programs and how it has been developed.

 REFERENCES

Stein, K. (2010). Moving cultural competency from abstract to act. Journal of the American Dietetic
Association, 110(2), 180-184,187

Bloch, C. (2012). Cultural competency intervention program for healthcare Workers (Doctoral
dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing.

Cowan, D., & Norman, I. (2006). Cultural competence in nursing: New meanings. Journal of Transcultural
Nursing, 17(1), 82-88.

Smedley, B. D., Stith, A. Y., & Nelson, A. R. (Eds.). (2002). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and
ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Retrieved from
http://coe.stanford.edu/courses/ethmedreadings06/em0601garcia2.pdf

Smedley, B. D., Stith, A. Y., & Nelson, A. R. (Eds.). (2002). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and
ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Retrieved from
http://coe.stanford.edu/courses/ethmedreadings06/em0601garcia2.pdf

Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services:
The journey continues (5th Ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Transcultural C.A.R.E. Associates.

Cowan, D., & Norman, I. (2006). Cultural competence in nursing: New meanings. Journal of Transcultural
Nursing, 17(1), 82-88.