Introduction to Data Analytics

MS - 4160
Session 8 – Intro to Statistical Learning
Nandan Sudarsanam,
Department of Management Studies,
Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and AI (RBC-DSAI),
Indian Institute of Technology Madras
 Machine Learning 101

• Machine Learning: The use of algorithms that can

learn from and make predictions on data, as
opposed to traditional programing with
instructions.
– Related to Data Mining, Pattern Recognition,
statistical learning, etc.
– Supervised Vs Unsupervised Learning
• Supervised Learning: Task of creating a function/relationship
from training data which has one or more explicit output
(dependant) variables. Also, indicated as data that is labelled.
This can then be used to map new instances of the inputs.
• Unsupervised Learning: Task of creating patterns from data
which have no explicit measure or signal guiding us. The
data is unlabelled
 Supervised, Unsupervised, and Semi-
supervised
• Supervised Learning (from ISLR)
– Model

– Objective is to estimate f, why?

– Nature of the problem

https://towardsdatascience.com/the-bias-variance-tradeoff-
8818f41e39e9#:~:text=Proof%20of%20bias%2Dvariance%20decomposition&text=(1)%20is%20because%20y%20%3D,the%20product%20of%20their%20expectations.

– Bias – Variance Dichotomy

– Problem type: Regression versus Classification

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Empty on purpose

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 Supervised, Unsupervised, and Semi-
supervised
• Prediction vs interpretation (from ISLR)

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 Supervised, Unsupervised, and Semi-
supervised
• Unsupervised Learning
– Clustering
• How is it different from classification

variable 1 (x2)
variable 1 (x2)

Explanatory
Explanatory

Explanatory Explanatory
variable 1 (x1) variable 1 (x1)

– Association Rule Mining

 Supervised, Unsupervised, and Semi-
supervised
• Semi-supervised:
– What about this problem

– Experimentation, RL, Active learning

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