What is It landscape, scenery, buildings, season, or weather to provide a strong sense of setting

Have you found studying literature more exciting with multimedia supports where you which will help the reader visualize the story and connect to the story’s plot.
can actively and collaboratively build knowledge structures using technology? 3. Plot– A plot is the actual story. It is what the story is all about. It is also the series
Evidently most of the learners like you have realized the huge impact of the use of of events and characters’ actions that lead to the highest point of interest in a short
multimedia in studying literature. It provides opportunities for learners like you to story. The following are the different parts of a story’s structure: a. Exposition –This
construct and reconstruct your ideas in audio and visual formats. Through multimedia is the beginning of the story. This is where the author introduces the characters,
platforms, you can apply a wide range of strategies to understand, interpret and identifies where the story is happening, and establishes the main conflict. b. Rising
evaluate texts. Action – This event occurs as you begin to move throughout the story. This is where
Marshall (2001) defined multimedia as computer-controlled integration of text, conflicts start to build. c. Climax– It is the most exciting part of a short story. This is
graphics, drawings, still and moving images (video), animation, audio, and any other the part in the story when important decisions are made or important things are
media where every type of information can be represented, stored, transmitted and discovered. d. Falling Action– This point occurs after the climax as the problems in
processed digitally. Here are some of the multimedia formats that you can use to the story start to work themselves out. The excitement becomes less and less as the
creatively interpret various genres of literary texts. conflict is resolved. e. Resolution– This is the solution to the problem in a story. The
1. Blog or a “weblog” is a website containing informational articles about a person’s solution may not be what you hoped for but as long as it fits the story in tone and
own opinions, interests and experiences. These are usually changed regularly (DepEd theme, the conflict has been resolved.
2013, 9). 4. Conflict– Every story needs to have a problem and this problem is called conflict.
2. Mind mapping is a graphical technique to visualize connections of ideas and pieces The main character, also called the protagonist, needs to have someone or
of information. This tool structures information to better analyze, comprehend, something to challenge him. Without conflict, the story will not go anywhere and will
synthesize, recall and generate new ideas. You can use Microsoft Word or online mind not be very interesting to the readers. The main character may be faced with one of
mapping tools in creating a mind map (Pasuello 2017). the four different types of conflict. These four types of conflict are:  man versus
3. Mobile phone text tula is a traditional Filipino poem. A particular example of this man;  man versus nature;  man versus himself; and  man versus society.
poem is a tanaga that consists of 4 lines with 7 syllables each with the same rhyme at 5. Theme- This is the central idea in a short story and a general truth. This is
the end of each line. (DepEd 2013, 8). considered as the author’s message to the readers.
4. Slideshow presentation is created with the use of Microsoft PowerPoint. It contains 6. Point of View – This is the way the story is told or narrated. It is also known as the
series of pictures or pages of information (slides) arranged in sequence and often vantage point that a writer uses to narrate the story. The following are the types of
displayed on a large screen using a video projector (Computer Hope 2018). point of view in a short story: a. First Person – the narrator participates in and tells
5. Tag cloud is a visual, stylized arrangement of words or tags within a textual content the story using the pronoun ‘I’. b. Limited Third Person – the narrator is not in the
such as websites, articles, speeches and databases (Techopedia 2020). story and narrates using the pronouns ‘she’ or ‘he’. Also, the narrator is unable to see
6. Video is an electronic device used to record, copy, playback, broadcast, and into the minds of the characters. c. Omniscient Third Person – the narrator is not in
display moving visual media (Lexico 2020). the story and tells the story using the pronouns ‘she’ or ‘he’. In this point of view, the

narrator can tell the thoughts of the characters as he can see into their minds.
What is It

Have you read an anecdote? Have you ever retold a personal experience to someone? The elements of a short story are the characters, setting, plot, conflict, theme, and
How do you find recalling past experiences? We are fond of sharing humorous point of view. The plot structures are the following: exposition, rising action, climax,
experiences in life to our family members and friends. We might not be aware that we falling action and resolution.
are already sharing stories like anecdotes all day, every day.
An anecdote is a short entertaining or interesting story about a real incident or person
(Nagpal 2016).
Anecdotes tell about a variety of stories and tales, since they can be about any topic
under the sun. It is a short story about a real person or event which usually intends to
make the listeners laugh or ponder over a topic (Your Dictionary 2020).
Let’s explore some of the purposes of anecdotes:
1. To Bring Cheer Stories pop up anywhere and these are just sometimes making
people laugh to brighten their mood. Here is an example of an anecdote meant to look
back on happy memories: • At the dinner, a Grade 11 learner shared his story on his
first day at school when he got lost and attended a wrong class.
2. To Reminisce In most anecdotes, people are talking about their experiences in the
past. They try to look back on moments in their lives and share the joy of that time
with others. Here is an example of an anecdote with a hint of reminiscence: • A mother
tells her children a story about her life in the province when she was teenager.
3. To Caution Sometimes, just giving rules for individuals is not effective. Sharing to
them frightening stories of dangers can be helpful for them to realize the possible
consequences of their actions. Here is an example of cautionary anecdote:
• Before beginning a lecture on not following traffic rules, a father tells his son an
incident of collision that caused many lives due to ignoring traffic signs.
4. To Persuade or Inspire Sometimes, people share stories on how they surpassed
their struggles in life. These, most of the time, give encouragement to others who have
been in similar situations. The message usually conveys successes in life as a fruit of
hard work. Here is an example of an inspirational anecdote: • Before beginning a
remedial class, the teacher tells the students how a boy who used to struggle in
reading managed to be a proficient reader.

Basic Elements of a Short Story

A short story has six basic elements that you as a reader should look for when
analyzing one. Every story begins with a seed of an idea. Hence, the author should
think of these basic elements when writing a story. Although not all stories put equal
importance on every aspect, each of these elements must be expected in the story. At
the end of this lesson, you are expected to do a self- and/or peer assessment of the
creative adaptation of a literary text, based on rationalized criteria.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SHORT STORY 1. Character– A character in a short story is a
person, in some stories an animal, who takes part in the action of the story or other
literary work. The way an author develops the character in a story is very important in
making the story appeal to the readers. It is said that the heart of the story are the
characters. The two most important characters in a short story are the protagonist
and the antagonist. a. The protagonist is considered as the main character or most
important of all the characters. It is the character who learns something or undergoes
some changes throughout the course of the story. Some stories depict the
protagonist as the hero of the story, while in other stories the protagonist is not
considered a hero as he has done nothing heroic. In any case, the story always
revolves around the protagonist. b. The antagonist is the character that challenges
the main character. It has no concern for the well-being of the main character. The
antagonist may be a person, the nature, the society, or any intangible matter that
contends with or creates a problem for the protagonist. 2. Setting– The place (locale)
and time (period) when the story happens is called the setting. The setting may be
based on real place and real time or it may also be based on the author’s imagination.
When analyzing the setting of the story, consider where the action is taking place.
Most authors use descriptive words to describe the