CROP PREDICTING SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING

A project Report submitted

in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science and Engineering
by

VIKASH KUMAR SINGH (U18CS021)

HIMANSHU KAUSHIK (U18CS042)
CHINDAM ROHITHKUMAR (U18CS054)
KOPPU BHARATH (U18CS055)

Under the guidance of

Mrs. C. ANURADHA

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING

BHARATH INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

(Deemed to be University Estd u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

CHENNAI 600073, TAMILNADU, INDIA

April , 2022

i
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled CROP PREDICTING

SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING submitted by Vikash Kumar Singh
(U18CS021), Himanshu Kaushik (U18CS042), Chindam Rohithkumar (U18CS054),
Koppu Bharath (U18CS055) to the Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, in partial
fulfillment for the award of the degree of B. Tech in Computer Science and
Engineering is a bonafide record of project work carried out by them under my
supervision. The contents of this report, in full or in parts, have not been submitted to
any other Institution or University for the award of any other degree.

------------------------
Mrs. C. Anuradha
Department of Computer Science & Engineering,
School of Computing,
Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research
April, 2022

-------------------------------
Dr. B. Persis Urbana Ivy
Professor & Head
Department of Computer Science & Engineering,
School of Computing,
Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research,
April, 2022

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ii
 DECLARATION

We declare that this project report titled CROP PREDICTING

SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING submitted in partial fulfillment
of the degree of B. Tech in Computer Science and Engineering is a
record of original work carried out by us under the supervision of
Mrs. C. Anuradha , and has not formed the basis for the award of any other
degree or diploma, in this or any other Institution or University. In keeping
with the ethical practice in reporting scientific information, due
acknowledgements have been made wherever the findings of others have
been cited.

--------------------------
Vikash Kumar Singh
U18CS021

-----------------------
Himanshu Kaushik
U18CS042

----------------------------
Chindam Rohithkumar
U18CS054

-------------------
Koppu Bharath
U18CS055

Chennai
-- / -- / ----

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

First, we wish to thank the almighty who gave us good health and success throughout our
project work.

We express our deepest gratitude to our beloved President Dr. J. Sundeep Aanand, and
Managing Director Dr. E. Swetha Sundeep Aanand for providing us the necessary facilities for
the completion of our project.

We take great pleasure in expressing sincere thanks to Vice Chancellor (I/C) Dr. K.
Vijaya
Baskar Raju, Pro Vice Chancellor (Academic) Dr. M. Sundararajan, Registrar Dr. S.
Bhuminathan and Additional Registrar Dr. R. Hari Prakash for backing us in this project.

We thank our Dean Engineering Dr. J. Hameed Hussain for providing sufficient
facilities for the completion of this project.

We thank our Dean, School of Computing Dr. S. Neduncheliyan for his encouragement
and the valuable guidance.

We record indebtedness to our Head, Department of Computer Science and

Engineering Dr. B. Persis Urbana Ivy for immense care and encouragement towards us
throughout the course of this project.

We express our immense gratitude to our Academic Coordinator Dr. Anitha Karthi
for his eternal support in completing this project.

We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to our Supervisor Mrs.
C. Anuradha for her cordial support, valuable information and guidance, she helped us in
completing this project through various stages.

We thank our department faculty, supporting staff and friends for their help and
guidance to complete this project.

VIKASH KUMAR SINGH (U18CS021)

HIMANSHU KAUSHIK (U18CS042)

CHINDAM ROHITHKUMAR (U18CS054)

KOPPU BHARATH (U18CS055)

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 ABSTRACT

As we know the fact that, India is the second largest population country in the
world and majority of people in India have agriculture as their occupation. Some of
farmers are facing crop selecting problem for their field. If farmer wants to give good
protein vegetables than farmers need to select the crop according to their soil
requirements. So, we have designed the system using machine learning algorithms for
betterment of farmers. Our system will suggest the best suitable crop for particular
land based on content and weather parameters. Hence by utilizing our system farmers
may increase in profit margin and can give good protein vegetables. Data science
have proved that data which we have plays a vital role in predictions. Data science in
agriculture is a growing field and has a wide scope in future. The prediction made by
machine learning algorithms will help the farmers to come to a decision which crop
to grow to induce the most suitable crop by considering factors like temperature,
rainfall, soil parameters, etc.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT
DESCRIPTION PAGE NUMBER

CERTIFICATE ii
DECLARATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
ABSTRACT v
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
ABBREVIATIONS/ NOTATIONS/ NOMENCLATURE x
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. CROP PREDICTION
1
1.2. OBJECTIVE
2
1.3. ORGANIZATION OF REPORT
2
2. LITERATURE SURVEY 3
3. EXISTING SYSTEM & PROPOSED SYSTEM 6
3.1. EXISTING SYSTEM
6
3.2. PROPOSED SYSTEM
6
4. IMPLEMENTATION 8
4.1. DATA COLLECTION
8
4.2. DATA PREPROCESSING
8
4.3. MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
9
4.4. CROP PREDICTION
10
4.5. DEPLOYMENT
10
5. METHODOLOGY 13
5.1. BASIC PROCESS
13
5.2. DATA SETS
13
5.3. EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS
14

vi
 5.4. EDA PERFORMED
15
5.5. ALGORITHM USED
16
5.6. RANDOM FOREST
17
6. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
19
6.1. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
19
6.2. FLOWCHART
20
7. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATIONS
22
7.1. BASIC REQUIREMENTS
23
7.2. REQUIREMENT
24
7.2.1. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 24
7.2.2. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
26
8. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 30
8.1. RESULT 30
9. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK 32
9.1. CONCLUSION
32
9.2. FUTURE WORK
32
REFERENCES 33
APPENDIX 34

vii
 LIST OF FIGURES
TITLE PAGE NUMBER

4.1. ARCHITECTURE OF CROP PREDICTION 8

4.2. STRUCTURE OF DECISION TREE 9

4.3. WORKING OF RANDOM FOREST 10

4.4. IMPEMENTING FLASK 11

4.5. TRAIN & TESTING MODEL 11

4.6. PREDICTION CODE 12

4.7. CREATED WEB PAGE 12

5.1. GENRAL PROCESS 13

5.2. SOIL & CROP DATA SAMPLE 14

5.3. CORERELATION MATRIX EXAMPLE 15

5.4. EDA CODE 15

5.5. OUTPUT OF DESCRIBE FUNCTION 15

5.6. CORERELATION MATRIX OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM 16

viii
5.7. RANDOM FOREST FLOW 17

6.1. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 20

6.2. RESEARCH OVERVIEW 21

7.1. PROCESSOR 24

7.2. WIFI 25

7.3. HARD DRIVE 25

7.4. RAM 26

7.5. JUPYTER NOTEBOOK 27

7.6. PYTHON 27

7.7. PYCHARM 28

7.8. FLASK 28

7.9. VISUAL STUDIO 29

LIST OF TABLES

TITLE PAGE
NUMBER

2.1. APPROACH TO CROP PREDICTION 5

5.1. SUMMARY OF THE APPROACHES 17

8.1. TABLE OF ACCURACY LEVELS 30

ix
 ABBREVIATION/ NOTATIONS/ NOMENCLATURE

ML MACHINE LEARNING

RF RANDOM FOREST

DT DECISION TREE

K POTASSIUM

P PHOSPHORUS

N NITROGEN

CSS CASCADING STYLE SHEETS

HTML HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE

EDA EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS

PH POTENTIAL OF HYDROGEN

SRS SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS