SOLUTION

STOICHIOMETRIC
CALCULATION
Most Essential Learning Competency
Perform stoichiometric calculations for reactions in
solution.
(STEM_GC11PPIIId-f-112)
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. determine the concentration of acid-base titrations
in a solution;
2. perform stoichiometric calculations for reactions in
solution; and
3. appreciate the importance of stoichiometric
calculations for reactions in a solution.
Titration is the slow addition of one solution of
known concentration, (called a titrant) to a known
volume of another solution of unknown
concentration until the reaction reaches
neutralization, which is often indicated by a color
change.
Titration is a technique to determine the
concentration of an unknown solution.
Standard solution is a solution containing a
precisely known concentration of an element or a
substance. If the volumes of the solutions are
known, then the concentration of the unknown
solution can be calculated.
Chem 11 | General Chemistry II 3
 known
concentration
(titrant)

unknown
concentration

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Sample Problem:

Suppose 25.66 mL (or 0.02566 L) of 0.1078 M

HCl was used to titrate an unknown sample of
NaOH. What mass of NaOH was in the sample?
Given: (known volume and concentration)
volume of titrant – 25.66 mL or 0.02566 L
concentration of titrant (HCl) – 0.1078 M
Required: unknown
mass of NaOH (unknown)

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 HCl =
0.1078 M

volume = 25.66 mL

mass NaOH = ?

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Molarity = mole solute / Liter of solution
mole HCl = (0.02566 liter)(0.1078 mol/liter)
mole HCl = 2.766 x 10⁻³ mol HCl
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
mole NaOH = 2.766 x 10⁻³ mol HCl × 1 mol NaOH / 1mol HCl
mole NaOH = 2.766 x 10⁻³ mol NaOH

mass NaOH = 2.766 x 10⁻³ mol NaOH × 40 g NaOH x 1mol HCl

mass NaOH = 0.1106 g NaOH

Chem 11 | General Chemistry II 7

Dilution
In the dilution process, we take a measured volume
of a solution of known high concentration and mix it with
a measured volume of the solvent to yield another
solution of lower concentration that we refer to as a
dilute solution.
(C₁) (V₁) = (C₂) (V₂)

Where:
C₁ = concentration of concentrated solution (mol/L)
V₁ = volume of concentrated solution (ml)
C₂ = concentration of diluted solution (mol/L)
V₂ = volume of diluted solution (ml)
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Chem 11 | General Chemistry II 9
Sample Problem:

If you have 300 ml of 1.5 M NaCl, what is the

final volume in ml of a 0.25 M NaCl ?
Given:
C₁ = 1.5 M
V₁ = 300 ml
C₂ = 0.25 M
Required:
V₂ = ?

Chem 11 | General Chemistry II 10

 EVALUATION
1. A volume of 33.0 ml of 1.0 M Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
neutralizes a 28.0 ml sample of Potassium hydroxide
(KOH) solution. What is the concentration of KOH?
HCl + KOH → KCl + H₂O

2. What mass of Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) is present

in a sample if it is titrated to its equivalence point
with 44.02 ml of 0.0885 M Nitric acid (HNO₃)? The
balanced chemical equation is as follows:
2HNO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O

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 EVALUATION
3. A 10. ml of 6.0 M HCl (Hydrochloric acid) solution
needs to be diluted to 3.0 M HCl solution. How much
water is needed to dilute the solution?

4. What volume should you dilute 133 ml of a 7.90 M

CuCl₂ (Copper (II) chloride) solution so that 51.5 ml of
the diluted solution contains 4.49 g CuCl₂?

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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-BUREAU OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT