REPORT

BASIC MACHINE PRACTICE

ARRANGED BY :

M.KHOIRUL MUSTOFA

XI - TPM 3

SMK N 1 TUBAN ACADEMIC YEAR

2019 – 2020
 Foreword

Thank you I pray to God Almighty for giving His grace and grace, so that I can complete
this Basic Machine Practice Course Report.

This Basic Machine Practice is one of the subjects that must be taken in the Department
of Mechanical Engineering, SMK N 1 TUBAN. This Basic Machine Practice Subject Report was
prepared as a complement to the practical work of the lathe which has been carried out for
approximately 4 months in the Production Workshop of the Mechanical Engineering
Department of SMK N 1 TUBAN.

I realize that there are still many shortcomings in this report, both from the material
and the presentation techniques. Therefore, the constructive criticism and suggestions I
hope for.

Tuban, January 29, 2019

M.Khoirul Mustofa
 table of contents

1.CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1Background

1.2Aim

1.3Benefits

2.CHAPTER II THEORY BASIS

2.1 Welding Machine

A. Various types of welding machines

B. Welding Machine Component

3.CHAPTER III CLOSING

3.1Conclusion

3.2Suggestion
1. CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY

1.1 BACKGROUND

Welding machine is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials,

usually metals or thermoplastics, by using high heat to melt the parts together and
allowing them to cool causing fusion. Welding is distinct from lower temperature
metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base
metal.

In addition to melting the base metal, a filler material is typically added to

the joint to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to form a joint
that, based on weld configuration (butt, full penetration, fillet, etc.), can be stronger
than the base material (parent metal). Pressure may also be used in conjunction
with heat, or by itself, to produce a weld. Welding also requires a form of shield to
protect the filler metals or melted metals from being contaminated or oxidized.

Many different energy sources can be used for welding, including a gas
flame (chemical), an electric arc (electrical), a laser, an electron beam, friction, and
ultrasound. While often an industrial process, welding may be performed in many
different environments, including in open air, under water, and in outer space.
Welding is a hazardous undertaking and precautions are required to avoid burns,
electric shock, vision damage, inhalation of poisonous gases and fumes, and
exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation.

1.2 PURPOSE

1. students are able to use the welding machine correctly

2. students can distinguish types of welding machines
3. students can use the welding machine correctly

1.3 BENEFITS
1. train the ability of students to be able to use the welding machine correctly
2. so that students can find out the components of the welding machine
3. Mechanical engineering students can find from the types of tools and materials used
in welding machines

2. CHAPTER II THEORETICAL BASIS

2.1 WELDING MACHINE

Welding is a device used to connect metals. Welding (wedding) is the

technique of connecting metals by melting some of the parent metal and filler metal
with or without emphasis and producing a continuous connection.
 A. Various types of welding machines :

1.Electric Welding
In electric welding, the heat obtained for the melting process is obtained from the
voltage difference between the tip of the weld shaft and the object to be welded. If the
welding electrode is close enough to the object to be worked on, a permanent spark will
emerge from the electric current. During electric welding, a certain diameter metal droplet
electrode drops into a collection of metal liquids.

2. Carbide Welding

Carbide welding is the process of connecting metals with metals (welding) that use
acetylene gas (C2H2) as fuel, the process is to burn fuel that has been burned by gas with
oxygen (O2) to cause a flame with a temperature of around 3,500 ° C which can melt the
metal mother and filler metal. As fuel, acetylene, propane or hydrogen gases can be used.
The three most widely used fuels are gas acetylene, so gas welding is generally interpreted
as oxy-acetylene welding. Because it does not use electricity, oxy-acetelin welding is widely
used in the field even though its use is not as much as wrapped electrode arc welding.

3. Laser Welding

In the laser welding process, laser light is used because the laser is collecting energy at
one point. Generally used to weld components containing heat sensitive equipment. Like a
pacemaker box in which there are electronic components. The advantage, heat only collects
in a small place. For such work a solid material laser is used such as "neodymuim-YAG-laser".
This laser can melt metals up to 15 millimeters deep.

B. Welding Machine Component :

1.Welding Machine AC/DC

Is a generator welding machine used in welding tungsten gas welding. The choice of AC
or DC currents usually depends on the type of metal to be welded.

2. Protected gas cylinders

Tubes for storing protected gases such as argon and helium are used in welding tungsten
gas.

3.Regulators and Flowmeters

The gas pressure regulator that will be used in tungsten gas welding. This regulator is
usually indicated by the working pressure and gas pressure in the tube. While the Flowmeter
is used to show the amount of the flow of protected gas used in tungsten gas welding.

Welding cable
4.
The electrode cable / welding cable serves to deliver current from the welding machine
to the welding handlebar, the cable serves to conduct the current to the workpiece. The
placement of the period cable is at the positive (+) or negative (-) depending on the type of
material welded

5. Tungsten electrode
 Serves as an arcing generator during welding. These electrodes do not function as added
ingredients.
6. Electrode
A material used to conduct electric welding which functions as a burner which will
cause a flame arc.

3. CHAPTER III CLOSING

3.1 CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that welding machines have the
function of each and every part has a different function

3.2 SUGGESTION

Before the exercise using a welding machine, students must know the functional
functions available on the welding machine. because by knowing each component part of a
welding machine students will be easier to learn using a welding machine.