Introduction: tons and Their Charges Anionis a charged atom or molecule. Its charged because the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. An atom can acquire a positive charge or a negative charge depending on whether the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less then the number of protons inthe atom, Ifthe atom has more electrons than protons, itis @ negative on, or ANION. IFit has more protons than electrons, itis positive ion and called as CATION, Anions Name Noy Nitrite NO} Nitrate 80," Sulfite 50/ Sulfate HsOu Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate) = (OH Hydroxide From the table: 1 Cations Name cn | Cyanide Ht Hydrogen | [POA Phosphate ut Lithium HPO? | Hydrogen phosphate. Nat ‘Sodium HPO, Dinyarogen phosphate Ke Potassium NCS” ‘Thiocyanate RE Rubidium CO; Carbonate Cs" Cesium HCO; Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) Be’ Beryllium CIO Hypochiorite Mgr Magnesium | | C10; Chionte Car Calcium: GiOs Chiorate Ba" eur CIOs Perchlorate Ca Srontum Bro Hypebromite Al ‘Aluminum Bro. Biome Br, Bromate ‘Anions Name Bro, Perbromate HW Hydride 10 Hypeiadite F Fluoride 10; ioaite ol chiige 10, iodate Pe eae 10, Periodate o Oxide C08 Acetate Ss ‘Sulfide MnO, Permanganate Se’ Selenide Cr0;* Dichromate. N. Nitride Cr, Chromate Pe Phosphide oF Peroxide Ast Arsenide C07 Oxalate Ic Carbide NHS oy BO, Borate | Type Cations | Name 3,07" ‘Thiosuifate Fe" Tron(il) Fe" Iron(tl)_ cu" ‘Copperiil) Cu" Copper(!) co™ ‘Cobalt(lil) co* Cobalt) sat Tin) ‘sn Tin(Hl) Pot Lead(iv) Pb Lead(ll) Hg Mereury(l)A curious student would think ‘what classification of elements are invalved in Ionic Bonding?” Thus, it is important for you to recall the metals and the nonmetals that you see in your Periodic Table. In lonic Bonding, Metals and Nonmetals are considered as ‘partner’ in forming ionic compounds. Since these elements are unstable, they tend to bond with other elements by giving or taking valence electrons from each other and based on that, their charges will be determined. Because of the implication of these charges, we can say that these elements became ions. Just remember that metals always tend to lose their valence electrons because that’s easier for them and nonmetals tend to always gain valence electcans from another element because that's also easier for them. Therefore, the elements in an tonic Bonding have opposite charges. And what do opposite charges do? They bond and stick together! Naming lonie Compounds In naming lonic Compounds, you will not be stressed because it's easy! What you need to do is to just hold your Periodic Table and know the meaning and use of suffix Example: Imagine you have an onic Compound of MgBrs, here's how you can name it: 1. Determine the name of the first element in the ionic compound. The first element in that compound is Mg which is in group 2A. Therefore, its name is Magnesium. 2. Next, determine the name of the second element which is Br and that can be found in Group VIIA. Its name is Bromine, 3. This time, what you have to remember is to always change the last three or four letters of the second elementin the ionic compound and add the suffix ‘ie’ in the end. Justlike this one, instead of Bromine, it became 4. Thus, the name of Mgr. is Magnesium bromide.Common Polyatomic lons acetate CaH,OF AsO" _ arsenite ammonium NH? AsO.’ arsenate arsenate AsO. BO; borate arsenite AsO Bros bromate azide Ne CatsOz" acetate benzoate CrHsO" C0," oxalate borate BO3* Cate" tartrate bromate Bor CrHsO7" benzoate carbonate CO, CIO“ hypochlorite chlorate cos Cloz chlorite chlorite clos Clos chlorate chromate cro? ClO, perchlorate cyanide NT CN" gyanide dichromate C1207 CO carbonate dihydrogen phosphate H;PO." Cr0;7" dichromate dihydrogen phosphite H2.PO;- CO," chromate hydrogen carbonate. HCO; H2POs dihydrogen phosphite hydrogen phosphate HPO,’ H:PO," dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphite HPO,’- HCO; hydrogen carbonate hydrogen sulfate HSO, HPO3*" _ hydrogen phosphite hydrogen sulfide Hs HPO,’ hydrogen phosphate hydrogen sutite HSOs HS" hydrogen sulfide hydroxide HSOs hydrogen sulfite hypochlorite HSO; hydrogen sulfate iodate 10x iodate manganate MnO.- permanganate nitrate MnO." manganate nitrite No azide oxalate NH; ammonium perchlorate Nox nitrite permanganate Mn0w" Nox nitrate peroxide 02> 02° peroxide phosphate ys o- OH" hydroxide phosphite POs" PO; phosphite silicate SiO." PO3- phosphate sulfate 0,7" $20;7" thiosulfate sulfite ‘S037 SCN™ thiocyanate tartrate CHAO. SiO," silicate thiocyanate ‘'SCN7 SO; sulfite thiosulfate S05" SO?" __ sulfate