UNIT I

I. Introduction to Physical Education

Physical Education- is the process by which changes in the individual are

bought about through movements experiences. Physical Education aims not only at
physical development but is also concerned with education of the whole person through
physical activities.

Various Definitions
1. Barrow
-defined Physical Education as an education of and through human movement where
many of educational objectives are achieved by means of big muscle activities involving
sports, games, gymnastic, dance and exercise.

2. Webster’s Dictionary
-Physical education is a part of education which gives instructions in the development
and care of the body ranging from simple callisthenic exercises to a course of study
providing training in hygiene, gymnastics and the performance and management of
athletics games.

3. Jackson R. Sharman
-points out that physical education is that part of education which takes place through
activities, which involves the motor mechanism of human body which results in
an individual’s formulating behavior patterns.

4. Charles A. Bucher
-defines physical education, an integral part of total education process, is a field of
endeavor which has as its aim the development of physically, mentally, emotionally and
socially fit citizens through the medium of physical activities which have been selected
with a view to realizing these outcomes.”

5. Central Advisory Board of physical Education and Recreation

-defines Physical education as an education through physical activities for the
development of total personality of the child to its fullness and perfection in body, mind
and spirit.

Benefits and Importance of Physical Education

Following are the importance or benefits of physical education –

1. Physical education is needed because due to advanced technology the lifestyle

of people becomes sedentary and they become passive entertainer.
2. Physical education is needed during elementary & secondary education for
proper growth and development.
 3. It is beneficial during adulthood to maintain good health and fitness.
4. During old Age, physical education is important to prevent and treat various
ailments and disease.
5. It is important as it provides us the knowledge of our bodies
from musculoskeletal, physiological and biochemical point of view.
6. It teaches us various physical activities that can be practiced now in later life
such as motor skills for the games and sports of volleyball, tennis, swimming and
so on.
7. It also teaches us the value of ethical behavior in sporting situations.
8. It teaches us the value of physical fitness and how to become physically fit.
9. It is important for aesthetic reasons as by participation in physical fitness
programs like gymnastics and dance, beauty and grace in cultivated in the
movement.

II. The Legal Basis of the PE and Health

1. Article II, Section 17-It is a declared policy of the state to “give priority to
education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster patriotism
and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation
and development”
2. Article XIV on education, science and technology, arts, culture and sports of
Philippine Constitution supports the teaching of Physical Education and Health in
the curriculum to wit:
-The state recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall
promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well
being (Sec.13)
- The State shall protect and promote the right to health of the people to a
balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of
nature(Sec. 16)
-The State shall give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture,
and sports to foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and
promote total human liberation and development. (Sec. 17)
III. Health and Fitness

Health- the state of being free from illness or injury

Fitness- the condition of being physically fit and healthy

Health and fitness are two concepts that go hand in hand. Our health is the
totality of our physical, mental and emotional wellbeing. Fitness, on the other
hand, is a state of control over our body. Thus, we could be physical, mentally
and emotionally fit. Consequently, health and fitness can be regarded as a way to
attaining control over our body.

IV. Skills and Health Related Components

6 Components of Skill-related Fitness

 agility- ability to move quickly and easily (ex. shuttle run)

 speed- the rate at which someone or something is able to move or
operate (ex. sprinting)
 Balance - ability to stay in controls of their body's position
(ex. standing on one leg for a couple of seconds)
 power- physical strength and force exerted by something or someone: an
amount of work done in a particular time (ex. push-ups)
 coordination-the organization of the different elements of a complex
body or activity so as to enable them to work together effectively (ex.
racquet Sports, i.e. Table Tennis, Badminton)
 reaction time- the length of time taken for a person or system to
respond to a given stimulus or event (ex. playing tennis)

These skill-related components are movements that are necessary for an

individual to successfully demonstrate a variety of motor skills and movement
patterns.

5 Components of Health-related Fitness

• Cardiorespiratory endurance
 • Muscular strength
• Muscular endurance
• Body composition
• Flexibility

V: Importance of Physical Fitness

Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the
ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical
fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical
exercise, and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan.

 Save money
 Increase your life expectancy
 Reduce your risk of injury
 Improve your quality of life
 Stay active
 Improve your health

REFERENCES:

Definition of Physical Education | PDF | Body Mass Index | Pulse (scribd.com)

Chapter 13: The Teaching of Physical Education (PE) and Heal by Samantha Opeña (prezi.com)
The Importance of Physical Fitness - Medical Associates of Northwest Arkansas (mana.md)