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He Ballon D
He Ballon D
He Ballon D
Conceived by sports writers Gabriel Hanot and Jacques Ferran, the Ballon d'Or award honours the
male player deemed to have performed the best over the previous year, based on voting by football
journalists, from 1956 to 2006.[2] After 2007, coaches and captains of national teams were also
given the right to vote.[2] Originally, it was awarded only to players from Europe and widely known
as the European Footballer of the Year award. In 1995, the Ballon d'Or was expanded to include all
players from any origin that have been active at European clubs.[3][4] The award became a global
prize in 2007 with all professional footballers from around the world being eligible.[5]
Contents
1 History
2 Winners
3 Additional awards
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
History
Stanley Matthews of England was the inaugural winner of the Ballon d'Or.[6] Prior to 2007, the
award was generally known as the continental European Footballer of the Year award in English
language and much international media. Even after 2007, it was usually identified with and referred
to by that name because of its origin as a European award, until it was merged with FIFA's World
Player award cementing its new worldwide claim.[7][8][9][10] Liberia's George Weah, the only
African recipient, became the first non-European to win the award in 1995, the year that rules of
eligibility were changed for the first time.[4] Ronaldo of Brazil became the first South American
winner two years later.[4] The second rule change in 2007 to include players from all continents did
not bring up new winners, as all recipients since then have still exclusively been active in Europe
during their win.
Lionel Messi has won the award a record seven times, followed by Cristiano Ronaldo with five. Three
players have won the award three times each: Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini, and Marco van Basten.
With seven awards each, Dutch, German, Argentine and Portuguese players have won the most
Ballons d'Or. Players from Germany (1972, 1981) and the Netherlands (1988) were the only to take
all three top spots in one year, with German (1972) and especially Italian clubs (1988–1990)
achieving the same feat, including two years solely made up of AC Milan players (1988, 1989), a
unique record until Spanish clubs experienced an unforeseen dominance (2009–2012, 2015, 2016)
and Barcelona (2010) became the second club with three top players. Two Spanish clubs, Barcelona
and Real Madrid, also lead the ranking for employing the most winners, with twelve and eleven
wins.[11]
Between 2010 and 2015 inclusive, the award was merged with a similar one, the FIFA World Player
of the Year award, to create the FIFA Ballon d'Or, which was awarded to the world's best male player
before FIFA and France Football decided not to continue the merging agreement.[12] After 2011,
UEFA created the UEFA Best Player in Europe Award to maintain the tradition of the original Ballon
d'Or of specifically honouring a football player from Europe.[13]
Eight players (Bobby Charlton, Franz Beckenbauer, Gerd Müller, Paolo Rossi, Zinedine Zidane,
Rivaldo, Ronaldinho, and Kaká) have won the FIFA World Cup, the European Cup/UEFA Champions
League, and the Ballon d'Or during their careers.[14]
The award shows a bias in favor of attacking players, which has increased in recent decades.[2] Over
time, the award has gone to a more exclusive set of leagues and clubs.[2] Prior to 1995, 10 leagues
supplied Ballon d'Or winners, whereas only England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain have supplied
winners since 1995.[2] Spain's La Liga has the most Ballon d'Or winners.[2] Barcelona and Real
Madrid have supplied the most Ballon d'Or winners since 1995.[2]
In 2020, the Group L'Équipe, to which France Football belongs, decided that no award would be
given for the year due to the COVID-19 pandemic cutting short the seasons of football clubs
worldwide.[15]
Winners
Key
double-dagger This indicates the Ballon d'Or winning player also won the FIFA World Player
of the Year or
The Best FIFA Men's Player award in the same year (available in 1991–2009 and from 2016)
Lionel Messi with seven awards has won the most Ballons d'Or in history.
George Weah was the first non-European and first African national team player to win the award.
1963 1st Soviet Union Lev Yashin Soviet Union Dynamo Moscow 73
2nd Italy Gianni Rivera Italy Milan 55
3rd Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Dragan Džajić Socialist Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 46
1970 1st West Germany Gerd Müller West Germany Bayern Munich 77
1972 1st West Germany Franz Beckenbauer West Germany Bayern Munich 81
2nd West Germany Franz Beckenbauer West Germany Bayern Munich 105
1975 1st Soviet Union Oleg Blokhin Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv 122
1976 1st West Germany Franz Beckenbauer West Germany Bayern Munich 91
1980 1st West Germany Karl-Heinz Rummenigge West Germany Bayern Munich 122
1981 1st West Germany Karl-Heinz Rummenigge West Germany Bayern Munich 106
1986 1st Soviet Union Igor Belanov Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv 84
2nd Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Dejan Savićević Socialist Federal Republic of
Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 42
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Darko Pančev Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red
Star Belgrade
1995 1st Liberia George Weah double-dagger[note 18] Italy Milan 144
2000 1st Portugal Luís Figo[note 24] Spain Real Madrid 197
2002 1st Brazil Ronaldo double-dagger[note 25] Spain Real Madrid 169
2006 1st Italy Fabio Cannavaro double-dagger[note 27] Spain Real Madrid 173
2008 1st Portugal Cristiano Ronaldo double-dagger England Manchester United 446
2016 1st Portugal Cristiano Ronaldo double-dagger Spain Real Madrid 745
2017 1st Portugal Cristiano Ronaldo double-dagger Spain Real Madrid 946
2018 1st Croatia Luka Modrić double-dagger Spain Real Madrid 753
2021 1st Argentina Lionel Messi[note 31] France Paris Saint-Germain 613
Wins by player
Cristiano Ronaldo (left) and Lionel Messi won the award a combined 12 out of 13 times between
2008 and 2021.
Michel Platini won three years running (1983–85).
Johan Cruyff (left) and Marco van Basten, both of the Netherlands, each won three times.
Note: One-time winners are only included if they have also finished second or third in another year.
Argentina Lionel Messi[note 32] 7 (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2019, 2021) 5 (2008, 2013,
2014, 2016, 2017) 1 (2007)
Portugal Cristiano Ronaldo[note 33] 5 (2008, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017) 6 (2007, 2009,
2011, 2012, 2015, 2018) 1 (2019)
Wins by country
Three Ukrainian players have won the Ballon d'Or: Andriy Shevchenko, Oleh Blokhin, and Ihor
Belanov.
Marco van Basten (left) and Ruud Gullitt, teammates for AC Milan and the Netherlands, won in
consecutive years from 1987 to 1989.
CountryPlayers Wins
Germany 5 7
France 5 7
Netherlands 3 7
Portugal 3 7
Argentina 1 7
Italy 5 5
Brazil 4 5
England 4 5
Soviet Union 3 3
Spain 2 3
Bulgaria 1 1
Croatia 1 1
Czech Republic 1 1
Czechoslovakia 1 1
Denmark 1 1
Hungary 1 1
Liberia 1 1
Northern Ireland 1 1
Scotland 1 1
Ukraine 1 1
Wins by club
Spain Barcelona6 12
Italy Juventus 6 8
Italy Milan 6 8
Italy Internazionale 2 2
Germany Hamburger SV 1 2
Netherlands Ajax 1 1
Portugal Benfica 1 1
England Blackpool 1 1
Hungary Ferencváros 1 1
England Liverpool 1 1
France Marseille 1 1
Additional awards
An honorary award, under the name Super Ballon d'Or, was awarded to Alfredo Di Stéfano in 1989,
after he surpassed Johan Cruyff and Michel Platini in France Football's voting.[18]
A decade later, France Football elected Pelé the Football Player of the Century after consulting their
former Ballon d'Or recipients. Among the 34 previous winners, 30 cast their votes, while Stanley
Matthews, Omar Sívori and George Best abstained, and Lev Yashin had died. Each voter was allotted
five votes worth up to five points; however, Di Stéfano only chose a first place, Platini a first and
second place, and George Weah two players for fifth place. Pelé was named the greatest by 17
voters, receiving almost double the number of points earned by the runner-up, Diego Maradona.[19]
To coincide with the 60th anniversary of the Ballon d'Or in 2016, France Football published a
reevaluation of the awards presented before 1995, when only European players were eligible to win
the award. 12 out of the 39 Ballons d'Or presented during this time period would have been
awarded to South American players; in addition to Pelé and Diego Maradona, Garrincha, Mario
Kempes, and Romário were retrospectively recognized as worthy winners. The original recipients,
however, remain unchanged.[20]
Maradona and Pelé also received honorary Ballons d'Ors for their services to football in 1995 and
2013, respectively.[21][22]
In 1978, France Football published an article about that year's South American Footballer of the Year
award in which they hypothesised a match between a South American All-Star Team and a European
All-Star team, featuring the players who had performed the best in the award rankings.[23]
Since 2021, France Football has given the "Goalscorer of the Year" award, which was won in its first
edition by Robert Lewandowski in recognition of the record-breaking 41 league goals he scored that
year.[24] The "Best Club of the Year" award is also given from the same year onward, with Chelsea
having been the inaugural winner. Since 2022, an additional award, the "Socrates Trophy", has been
given, with Sadio Mané becoming the first recipient. The "Goalscorer of the Year" award was
renamed into the "Gerd Müller Trophy" in honour of Gerd Müller the same year.