THESIS/DISSERTATION TITLE TYPEWRITTEN IN

INVERTED PYRAMID, 14-POINT, ARIAL,

BOLD, AND ALL CAPS

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the College of Business Administration
AMA Computer College, South Superhighway
Makati City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration

By

Name of Researcher (bold face)

Month and year of Graduation

i
 APPROVAL SHEET

This research proposal entitled “TITLE OF RESEARCH (IN ALL

CAPS, ITALICIZED, AND IN BOLD FACE)” prepared and submitted by
NAME OF RESEARCHER in partial fulfillment of the course requirements for
the degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION,
has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral
examination.

NAME OF TECHNICAL ADVISER

Adviser

Approved by the Committee of Oral Examination of <Date> with the grade of

____.

NAME OF EVALUATOR
Chairman

NAME OF EVALUATOR NAME OF EVALUATOR

Member Member

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the course requirement of the degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.

NAME OF THE DEAN

Dean, College of Business Administration
Date
ii
iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Write your content here

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL SHEET.....................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..............................................................................................iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................iv
LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................................vii
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... viii

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND......................................................1

Introduction..................................................................................................1
Background of the Study.............................................................................1
Theoretical Framework................................................................................2
Conceptual Framework................................................................................3
Statement of the Problem............................................................................3
Scope and Limitations of the Study.............................................................3
Significance of the Study.............................................................................3
Definition of Terms.......................................................................................3

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES....................................5

Introduction..................................................................................................5
Foreign Literature........................................................................................5
Local Literature............................................................................................5
Foreign Studies............................................................................................5
Local Studies...............................................................................................5
Synthesis and Relevance of the Reviewed Literature and Studies............6

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..........................................................................7
Introduction..................................................................................................7
Method of Research....................................................................................7
Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique...................................7
Description of Respondents........................................................................7
Research Instrument...................................................................................8
Data Gathering Procedure...........................................................................8
Statistical Treatment of Data.......................................................................8

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA...............9

Introduction..................................................................................................9
Discussion of Results for Research Question 1..........................................9
Discussion of Results for Research Question 2..........................................9
Discussion of Results for Research Question 3..........................................9
Discussion of Results for Research Question n........................................10

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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS.........................11
Introduction................................................................................................11
Summary....................................................................................................11
Conclusions...............................................................................................11
Recommendations.....................................................................................11

REFERENCES.................................................................................................12

APPENDICES..................................................................................................13

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Title of the Table ............................................................................. n

Table 2 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 3 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 4 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 5 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 6 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 7 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 8 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 9 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

Table 10 Title of the Table............................................................................. n

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Title of the Figure ............................................................................ n

Figure 2 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 3 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 4 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 5 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 6 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 7 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 8 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 9 Title of the Figure............................................................................. n

Figure 10 Title of the Figure ............................................................................ n

viii
 ABSTRACT

Write your content here after you finish the entire chapters

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 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Guide (remove when done): The introduction is very important in establishing the cognitive
setting of the research problem as it answers the following questions:

a) What is the research topic?

b) What is the problem?
c) Why is the research timely or important?
d) Why is there a need to look for a solution to the problem?
e) What is the aim and objectives of the research?

Write your introduction contents

Background of the Study

Guide (remove when done): The background of the study provides information necessary to
allow the reader to understand the context in which the problem occurs as it answers the
following questions:

1. What is the context which help the reader understand the topic?
a. Where and when does the problem arise?
b. Who does the problem affect?
c. What attempts have been made to solve the problem?
d. What will happen if the problem is not solved?
e. Who will feel the consequences?
f. Does the problem have wider relevance (e.g. are similar issues found in other
contexts)?
g. (cite as many sources as possible; should have a good flow or sequence of
ideas)
2. What is the focus and scope of the research in terms of:
a. The geographical area you are investigating?
b. The time period your research covers?
c. The demographics or communities you are researching?
d. The specific themes or aspects of the topic your research address?
3. What is the overall purpose of the problem? It is very significant to note that the
researcher must be totally aware of the purpose of the research problem. He must ask
how it will help his colleagues or students of various disciplines

Write your background of the study content here

1
Theoretical Framework

Guide (remove when done): This section identifies the theories or models that provide the
foundation of the research study. It also contains an explanation of how the problem under
investigation relates to the theory or model.

1. What is the theoretical foundation of the research?

2. What are the variables used in the study?
3. Include a graphic illustration of the theoretical framework

Write your theoretical framework contents here

Conceptual Framework

Guide (remove when done): This section provides a pattern, model, or set of forms which
contains particular elements. It is a scientific imagination of the researcher which is expressed
visually through drawings or sketches. The usual figures used are regular shapes (rectangles,
circles, and squares), lines, and arrows. The sketch of the conceptual framework (or
paradigm) is something like a visual representation of the entire thesis.

1. What is the paradigm used in the conceptual framework?

2. Graphic illustration of the conceptual framework
3. Explanation of the conceptual framework

Write your conceptual framework contents here

Statement of the Problem

Guide (remove when done): This section clearly states the aim and objectives of the reseach.

The aim of the study is to <insert research aim>

Specifically, the study tries to answer the following research questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents?

2. What is the <research question 1>?

3. What is the <research question 2>?

4. What is the <research question n>?

2
Scope and Limitations of the Study

Guide (remove when done): Limitations are things that the researcher has no control over,
such as bias. Delimitations are things over which the researcher has control, such as location
of the study. Identify the limitations and delimitations of the research design. Discuss the
potential generalizability of the study findings based on these limitations. For each limitation
and/or delimitation listed, make sure to provide an associated explanation. To write the scope,
answer the following questions:

 Why – the general aims and objectives (purpose) of the research.

 What – the research topic to be investigated, and the included variables.
 Where – the location or setting of the study, i.e. where the data will be gathered and to
which entity the data will belong.
 When – the timeframe within which the data is to be collected.
 Who – the subject matter of the study and the population from which they will be
selected. This population needs to be large enough to be able to make
generalizations.
 How – how the research is to be conducted, including a description of the research
design, methodology, research tools and analysis techniques.

Write your scope and limitations of the study contents here

Significance of the Study

Guide (remove when done): This section discusses the implications of the potential results
based on the research questions and problem statement, hypotheses, or the investigation
phenoma. Further, it describes how the research fits within and will contribute to the current
literature or body of research. Finally, it describes the potential practical applications from the
research. This section is of particular importance because it justifies the need for, and the
relevance of, the research.

Write your significance of the study contents here

Definition of Terms

Guide (remove when done): The Definition of Terms section of Chapter 1 defines the study
constructs and provides a common understanding of the technical terms, exclusive jargon,
variables, phenomena, concepts, and technical terminology used within the scope of the
study. Terms are defined in lay terms and in the context in which they are used within the
study. Each definition may be a few sentences to a paragraph in length. This section includes
any words that may be unknown to a lay per son (words with unusual or ambiguous meanings
or technical terms).

Write the operational definition of terms in alphabetical order.

Start the definition of terms here

3
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Guide (remove when done): Related literature is composed of discussion of facts and
principles to which the present study deals is related. For instance, if the present study deals
with drug addiction, literature to be reviewed or surveyed should be composed of materials
that deal with drug addiction. These materials are usually printed and found in books,
encyclopedias, professional journals, magazines, newspapers, and other publications. These
materials are classified as local if printed in the Philippines, and foreign if printed in other
lands.

Related studies, on the other hand, are studies, inquiries, or investigations already conducted
to which the present proposed study is related or has some bearing or similarity. They are
usually unpublished materials such as manuscripts, theses, and dissertations.

There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. You should have a
rough idea of your strategy before you start writing.

 Chronological - The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over
time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and
summarizing sources in order.

Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction
of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred.

 Thematic - If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your
literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic.

For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health
outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural
attitudes, legal status, and economic access.

 Methodological - If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a
variety of research methods, you might want to compare the results and conclusions
that emerge from different approaches. For example:

o Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative research

o Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical
scholarship
o Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources

 Theoretical - A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework.

You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts.

You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine
various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research.

Introduction

Guide (remove when done): The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of
the literature review.

4
Reiterate your central problem or research question and give a brief summary of the scholarly
context. You can emphasize the timeliness of the topic (“many recent studies have focused on
the problem of x”) or highlight a gap in the literature (“while there has been much research on
x, few researchers have taken y into consideration”).

Write your introduction to Chapter 2 here

Guide (remove when done): Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want
to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or
methodological approach.

As you write, you can follow these tips:

 Summarize and synthesize: give an overview of the main points of each source and
combine them into a coherent whole
 Analyze and interpret: don’t just paraphrase other researchers—add your own
interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the
literature as a whole
 Critically evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources
 Write in well-structured paragraphs: use transition words and topic sentences to draw
connections, comparisons and contrasts

Subheading 1

 1st paragraph - summarize the main points of each source related to the subheading
and combine them into a coherent whole.
 Succeeding paragraphs - analyze and interpret each of the sources discussing the
aim of the study, related theories, methodology, results and findings including the
strengths and weaknesses of the sources
 Last paragraph – synthesize the cited studies and relate them to the current study

Write your contents here

Subheading 2

 1st paragraph - summarize the main points of each source related to the subheading
and combine them into a coherent whole.
 Succeeding paragraphs - analyze and interpret each of the sources discussing the
aim of the study, related theories, methodology, results and findings including the
strengths and weaknesses of the sources
 Last paragraph – synthesize the cited studies and relate them to the current study

Write your contents here

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Subheading n (continue on with the rest of the subheadings until the last
one)

 1st paragraph - summarize the main points of each source related to the subheading
and combine them into a coherent whole.
 Succeeding paragraphs - analyze and interpret each of the sources discussing the
aim of the study, related theories, methodology, results and findings including the
strengths and weaknesses of the sources
 Last paragraph – synthesize the cited studies and relate them to the current study

Write your contents here

Synthesis and Relevance of the Reviewed Literature and Studies

Guide (remove when done): Summarize all the synthesis done in each of the subsections.

Write your contents here

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 Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Guide: In your thesis, you will have to discuss the methods you used to do your research. The
methodology chapter explains what you did and how you did it, allowing readers to evaluate
the reliability and validity of the research.

Introduction

Guide : Discuss the methods you used to do your research. The methodology chapter
explains what you did and how you did it, allowing readers to evaluate the reliability and
validity of the research. It should include:

 The type of research you did

 How you collected your data
 How you analyzed your data
 Any tools or materials you used in the research
 Your rationale for choosing these methods

Write your contents here

Method of Research

Guide: The research design is referred to as a master plan, blueprint, and even as a sequence
of research tasks and activities. In simple terms, it is a plan of the methods and procedures
that is used by researchers to collect and analyze the data needed to achieve the research’s
main objective.

Research designs are classified into:

 Descriptive research - aims to accurately and systematically describe a population,

situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, where, when and how questions, but
not why questions.
o Source: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/

 Correlational research - measures a relationship between two variables without the

researcher controlling either of them. It aims to find out whether there is either:
positive correlation, negative correlation or zero correlation.
o Source: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/correlational-research/

 Experimental research– a research design in which you manipulate one or more

independent variables and measure their effect on one or more dependent variables.
o Source: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/experimental-design/

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  Quasi-experimental - aims to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between an
independent and dependent variable.
o Source: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/quasi-experimental-design/

What type of data did you need to achieve this aim?

 Did you need quantitative data (expressed in numbers) or qualitative data (expressed
in words)?
 Did you need to collect primary data yourself, or did you use secondary data that was
collected by someone else?
 Did you gather experimental data by controlling and manipulating variables, or
descriptive data by gathering observations without intervening?
o Source: https://www.scribbr.com/category/methodology/

Depending on your discipline and approach, you might also begin with a discussion of the
rationale and assumptions underpinning your methodology.

 Why is this the most suitable approach to answering your research questions?
 Is this a standard methodology in your field or does it require justification?
 Were there any ethical or philosophical considerations?
 What are the criteria for validity and reliability in this type of research?

Source: Research methods - https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/methodology/

Write your contents here

Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique

Guide: visit the following links:

 Population versus sample - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/population-vs-sample/

 Sampling methods - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/sampling-methods/

Write your contents here

Description of Respondents

Write your contents here

Research Instrument

Guide: visit the following links:

 Survey instrument - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/survey-research/

 Reliability and validity - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/reliability-vs-validity/

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 Write your contents here

Data Gathering Procedure

Guide: Once you have introduced your overall methodological approach, you should give full
details of your data collection methods.

Your methods depend on what type of data you need to answer your research question:

 Qualitative vs. quantitative: Will your data take the form of words or numbers?
 Primary vs. secondary: Will you collect original data yourself, or will you use data that
has already been collected by someone else?
 Descriptive vs. experimental: Will you take measurements of something as it is, or will
you perform an experiment?

Source: Data collection - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/data-collection/

Write your contents here

Analysis of Data

Guide: For quantitative data, you can use statistical analysis methods to test relationships
between variables.

Sources:

 Measure of central tendencies - https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/central-tendency/

 Measures of variability - https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/variability/
 Inferential statistics - https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/inferential-statistics/
 Hypothesis testing - https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/hypothesis-testing/
 Statistical Test - https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/statistical-tests/

For qualitative data, you can use methods such as thematic analysis to interpret patterns and
meanings in the data.

Sources:

 How to do thematic analysis - https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/thematic-

analysis/

Write your contents here

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 Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF

DATA

Guide: Once you’ve finished collecting and analyzing your data, you can begin writing up the
results. This is where you report the main findings of your research.

All relevant results should be reported concisely and objectively in a logical order. You may
use tables and graphs to illustrate specific findings.

Don’t include subjective interpretations of why you found these results or what they mean –
your evaluation should be saved for the discussion.

Visit the following links:

 Results - https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/results/
 Discussion - https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/discussion/

Introduction

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Discussion of Results for Research Question 1

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Discussion of Results for Research Question 2

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Discussion of Results for Research Question 3

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Discussion of Results for Research Question n

Write your contents here

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 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Guide: Visit the following link:

 Writing the conclusion - https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/write-conclusion/

Introduction

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Summary

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Conclusions

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Recommendations

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 REFERENCES

Use APA Style

13
APPENDICES

14
APPENDIX A
Questionnaire

15
 APPENDIX B
Approved Request Letter by Proper Authority to Conduct Survey

16
 APPENDIX C
Anti-Plagiarism Report

17
 APPENDIX D
Sample Statistical Computations

18
 APPENDIX E
Certification of Proofreading

19
 APPENDIX F
Curriculum Vitae

20