Unit 4 Grammar
Conditionals
1 Complete the text using the verbs and types of
conditional in brackets.
If you ever find yourself lost out in the wild, these
simple survival tips may save (save / first
conditional) your life.
Remember the letters PRWF. They mean
Protection > Rescue > Water > Food. If you are lost
in the wild, your top priority (1) ____________ (be /
zero conditional) to find shelter to protect yourself
from the cold or wet, or from the heat. Remember
that if you make a shelter somewhere visible,
rescue teams (2) _________________ (be able /
first conditional) to find you more easily.
Try to make a fire to keep you warm and use it to
boil any water you find. If you boil water, you
(3) _____________________ (not get sick / first
conditional). If you (4) _________________ (not
have / second conditional) any matches or a lighter
with you, then you’d have to try rubbing two sticks
together – it does work! If a person lost in the wild
hasn't made a fire, it (5) _________________ (be /
first conditional) very difficult for rescue teams to
find them.
Next, you must find some water. If I was lost in a
jungle or forest, I (6) _________________ (search /
second conditional) for water which had collected
on leaves. Also, try to find a food source – one of
the most protein-rich foods is insects. If you
(7) _________________ (look / first conditional)
carefully, you will find them almost everywhere.
Finally, don’t panic, and do follow this advice.
If people who had been lost in the wild
(8) _____________________ (not follow / third
conditional) these survival tips, they may not have
survived.
Mixed conditionals
2 Complete the mixed conditional sentences
using the verbs and information in brackets.
1 If we’d brought a box of matches, we _________
____________ a fire easily. (make / a
hypothetical situation in the past with a present
consequence)
4 PHOTOCOPIABLE © OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
2 We might have phoned for help if our phones
________________________ a signal, but we
couldn’t. (have / a hypothetical situation in the
present with a past consequence)
as long as, even if, provided that,
unless
3 Complete each sentence with an appropriate
conditional linker.
1 __________________ you can stay calm, you
should be able to survive until you are rescued.
2 To survive, you should try eating insects,
__________________ you are vegetarian –
hopefully it will only be for a couple of days.
3 You should be able to drink any water you find
__________________ you boil it first.
4 You won't survive __________________ you
find water or fluids to drink.
Wishes & regrets
4 Rewrite the sentences using If only or I wish.
1 I’d rather be at home.
_____________________________________
2 I shouldn't have come on this hiking trip.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3 It’s so annoying – the guide keeps telling me to
hurry up.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Consolidate
5 Choose the correct options.
1 We ought / should / could to build a shelter.
2 I can hear a plane – someone must / must have
/ mustn’t sent out a rescue team.
3 May / Could / Ought you light a fire?
6 Rewrite the statements in reported speech.
1 Polly said, ‘It was the most terrifying moment of
my life!’
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2 Jo said, ‘I’m never going to do an extreme sport.’
_____________________________________
_____________________________________