Department of Education

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CITY OF MALOLOS

City of Malolos
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SELECTING AND ORGANIZING INFORMATION AND PATTERNS
OF DEVELOPMENT IN WRITING

LET US KNOW

We spend time receiving information everyday. Some of which are

deemed to have higher level of accountability just as they are classified as
academic texts, professional writings, and others. In this regard, selecting and
organizing information can help us as we try to understand it.
Just as we take some sources of information that we can find useful in a
development of an idea, the use of strategies, however, in selecting and
organizing information is important to affix these ideas in their own relations.

LET US STUDY
LESSON 1: Selecting and Organizing Information

Working on a particular topic could need a little help when you are
well versed on as to how you are going to select and organize information
related to it. Remember, use of strategies in selecting and organizing
information improves better understanding. Being able to simplify complex
information or ideas explains how well an information is well understood.
The following are the techniques in selecting and organizing information.

1. Brainstorming – It is a technique in selecting and organizing

information where the ideas are being accumulated from
individuals and/or group of individuals. It aids in a collective-
based decision making and helps establish connection between
concepts.
 a. Idea Map – It is a visual representation of the gathered ideas.
Drawing a map can help cumulative thoughts, concepts, or
ideas be organized and narrowed down.

Idea Map. https://owl.purdue.edu/engagement/ged_preparation/part_2_lessons_1_5/index.html

b. Idea List – It is a simple brainstorming method where ideas

are listed down. It is the easiest and the most convenient way
of recording thoughts and ideas.

Idea List Example

What are the things you want to achieve in life?
• finishing studies
• putting up a business
• having a new hobby
• writing a song

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 2. Outlining – It helps organize ideas in a thoughtful manner.
Outlining covers how the main ideas and subsidiary ideas are
arranged in sequence.

a. Topic Outline – Ideas are expressed using words or

phrases. It provides key highlights or overview of topics
being organized and/or selected.
b. Sentence Outline – Ideas are expressed in complete
thoughts.

Thesis: Topic Outline Thesis: Sentence Outline

I. I.
Topic Sentence Idea
A. Subtopic A. Subsidiary Sentence
1. Definition Ideas
2. Description B. Subsidiary Sentence
B. Subtopic Ideas
1. Advantages
2. Disadvantages

3. Using Graphic Organizers – Visual representations display

connections among concepts or ideas. These organizers can make
the information and details easy to comprehend. The following
are some examples of graphic organizers.

a. T-Chart
b. Concept Map
c. Main Idea Web
d. Venn Diagram
e. Sequence Chart
 LESSON 2: Patterns of Development in Writing

Subsequently, there are different patterns of development in writing

that can help you arrange ideas across disciplines.

1. Narration – presents the interconnected events and shows the sequential

pattern of a story

2. Definition – refers as to how a term can be given a detailed description

and meaning

3. Description – refers how details and information can be characterized

using senses

4. Comparison and Contrast – refers to how concepts are being examined by

providing descriptions and differences of which

5. Sequence – describes writing in a logical manner following an order

6. Cause and Effect – shows how events are caused by another. It presents
the relationship between two phenomenon which one influences the
other.

7. Problem and Solution – describes the problem then discusses the solution

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LET US PRACTICE
Using the different brainstorming tools, select and organize
information based on the following situations.

GENERAL TOPIC SPECIFIC TOPIC SUPPORTING POINTS

What should schools do during an outbreak of the coronavirus
disease? What do you think of the rise of online learning during the
COVID-19 pandemic?

COVID-19 pandemic online classes

How do I stay productive at home during the COVID-19 pandemic?

What are the things that I should do as part of daily routines while we
are still in quarantine?

COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine

 LET US REMEMBER

There are techniques in selecting and organizing information.

These techniques include the following:

Selecting and Organizing Information

1. Brainstorming
a. Idea Map
b. Idea List
2. Outlining
a. Topic Outline
b. Sentence Outline
3. Using Graphic Organizers
a. T-Chart
b. Concept Map
c. Main Idea Web
d. Venn Diagram
e. Sequence Chart

The different patterns of development in writing include the following:

Patterns of Development in Writing

1. Narration
2. Definition
3. Description
4. Comparison and Contrast
5. Sequence
6. Cause and Effect
7. Problem and Solution

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LET US APPRECIATE
Using outlining, select and organize information based on the following
situations.

TOPIC OUTLINE. Create a topic outline in the following situations:

1. Teacher-student interaction and feedback processes during
online classes
THESIS:

2. Adoption of the new learning environment in times of the COVID-

19 pandemic
THESIS:

SENTENCE OUTLINE. Create a sentence outline in the following

situations:
 3. Self-care coping mechanisms in the times of the COVID-19
pandemic
THESIS:

4. Students in the utilization of ICT in lessons

THESIS:

LET US PRACTICE MORE

Create a graphic organizer on the following topics.

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1. How else have you been learning aside from attending online classes
this pandemic?

2. How do you embrace the new normal as a student?

 EVALUATION

Provide signal words commonly associated in the

different patterns of development.
Patterns of Development in Signal Words
Writing
1. Narration
3. Definition
4. Description
5. Comparison and Contrast
6. Sequence
7. Cause and Effect
8. Problem and Solution

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 PROPERTIES OF A WELL-WRITTEN TEXT

LET US KNOW

In writing, compositions are examined for us to know whether the

purpose in writing is achieved. Expressing oneself through writing can be
deemed a universal outlet yet several considerations should be made.

For any text, to be effective or well organized, several considerations are

kept. These properties include:

(a) organization;
(b) coherence and cohesion; (c) language use;
and (d) mechanics.

LET US STUDY

Evaluation of a well-written text has several

considerations. As we put it, text can be referred as a connected discourse
where we present ideas as if we are talking about it. Being able to
recognize the purpose of writing, these writing properties can be
considered.

1. Organization – refers to how a logical arrangement of ideas in a text

can be created. Cumulative ideas in a text should be characterized
as well organized. An outline and/or other techniques in organizing
information can help a writer in the composition.

These techniques include brainstorming (idea map, idea list),

outlining (topic outline, sentence outline), using graphic organizers
(t-chart, concept maps, main idea web, venn diagram, sequence
chart).
Articulating Thoughts Through Written Communication—Final Paper. https://resources.depaul.edu/teaching-commons/teaching-
guides/feedbackgrading/rubrics/Pages/types-of-rubrics.aspx

1. Chronological Order - first, second, later, before, next, as soon as, after,
then, finally, meanwhile, following, last, during, in, on, until

2. Order of Importance - less, more, primary, next, last, most important,

primarily, secondarily

3. Spatial Order - above, below, beside, next to, in front of, behind, inside,
outside, opposite, within, nearby

4. Definition Order - is, refers to, can be defined as, means, consists of,
involves, is a term that, is called

5. Classification - classified as, comprises, is composed of, several, varieties

of, different stages of, different groups that

6. Process - first, next, then, following, after that, last, finally

7. Cause and Effect - Causes: because, for, since, stems from, one cause is,
one reason is, leads to, causes, creates, yields, due to, breeds, for this
reason // Effects: consequently, results in, one results, therefore, thus, as a
result, hence

8. Comparison and Contrast - Similarities: both, also, similarly, like, likewise,

too, as well as, resembles, correspondingly, in the same way, to compare,
in comparison, share// Differences: unlike, differs from, in contrast, on the
other hand, instead, despite, nevertheless, however, in spite of, whereas,
as opposed to

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9. Listing - the following, several, for example, for instance, one, another,
also, too, in other words, first, second, numerals (1, 2, 3...), letters (a, b,
c...)

10. Clarification - in fact, in other words, clearly

11. Summary - in summary, in conclusion, in brief, to summarize, to sum up, in

short, on the

12. Example - for example, for instance, to illustrate13. Addition - furthermore,

additionally, also, besides, further, in addition, moreover, again

2. Coherence and Cohesion – refers how the concepts, details, and

ideas are connected between the use of the sentences and
paragraphs. Referring a text as a group of ideas considered as a
discourse, unity or consistency of ideas should be evident. To
provide coherence in a text, one should stick to the main idea by
supporting subsidiary details of information. Subsequently,
cohesion is how a new idea can relate to the previous idea in a text.
Through maintaining coherence and cohesion, a text referring to
several ideas can work together for it to be more understood.
 Transitions. https://owl.purdue.edu/engagement/ged_preparation/part_1_lessons_1_4/transitions.html

3. Language Use – refers to the structures used, rules, manner of

written or spoken language employed by the writer or the speaker.
Being able to recognize the distinction between scenarios or
situations of when to use the appropriate language can help select
the words effectively.

Levels of Formality
a. Formal (Written to an unknown audience)
b. Semi-formal (Written to a well-know individual)
c. Informal (Incorrect)

4. Mechanics – refers to the technicalities of the word or sentence

structure that focuses on subject-verb agreement, prepositions,
tenses, grammar, spelling, capitalization, abbreviations, and/or
punctuation marks

Mechanics
Spelling
Capitalization
Abbreviation and Acronyms
Grammar
Numbers
Punctuation Marks

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LET US PRACTICE
Write at least 4-5 sentences per writing prompt provided below.

WRITING PROMPTS
1. A day in your life as a student in the times of the COVID-19
pandemic
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2. How has togetherness been capitalized in the times of the
COVID19 pandemic?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3. What is one significant event in your life from the past that is still
relevant today? Why did you consider that event in your life?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
 LET US REMEMBER

The properties of a well-written text include the following:

Organization
Coherence and Cohesion
Language Use
Mechanics

LET US APPRECIATE

Write an essay in any of the following topics:

Education in the pandemic should continue

How can I be an effective communicator?
Have you ever experienced opposing to what others believe in?

Title:

Thesis Statement:

Topic:

Introduction:

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Body:
Conclusion:

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 LET US PRACTICE MORE

Create a sample analytic rubric based on the given criteria.

Organization
Coherence and Cohesion
Language Use
Mechanics

Organization
5

Coherence and Cohesion

5
 4

Language Use
5

Mechanics
5

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 EVALUATION
Using the rubric created, evaluate your written text.

Criteria Score
Organization
Coherence and Cohesion
Language Use
Mechanics
Total

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