1.

Mendel's experiments were not intended to study heredity, but they laid the foundation for our
understanding of how traits are passed down from generation to generation. Mendel's
experiments showed that there is a physical basis for inheritance. He found that traits are
determined by units that we now call genes. Genes are passed down from parents to their
offspring, and they determine the traits that the offspring will have.

2. One of the key reasons Mendel chose to work with pea plants was that they are relatively easy
to grow and have a short life cycle. This made it possible for Mendel to observe multiple
generations of plants in a relatively short period of time. Pea plants also have a wide variety of
observable traits, which made them ideal for Mendel's experiments. By studying the inheritance
of traits in pea plants, Mendel was able to develop his theories of dominant and recessive alleles
and independent assortment.

3. Mendel selected 14 different pea plant varieties for his experiments. These varieties differed in
characteristics such as plant height, flower color, and seed shape. By cross-breeding these
varieties, Mendel was able to study the inheritance patterns of these traits.

4. In his work on the inheritance of traits in pea plants, Gregor Mendel identified seven contrasting
characteristics that he considered: height, color, texture, size, shape, location, and number. By
studying the patterns of inheritance for these characteristics, Mendel was able to develop his
laws of inheritance, which form the basis of modern genetics.

5. Mendel's discovery of the forms of F1 hybrids of the P1 parental generation showed that there
is a dominance and recessiveness of alleles. He described dominance as when an allele is fully
expressed in the phenotype, while recessiveness is when an allele is not expressed in the
phenotype. This means that there are two alleles for each trait, and one allele will be dominant
while the other is recessive. The dominant allele will be expressed in the phenotype, while the
recessive allele will be hidden. Mendel's discovery had implications for our understanding of
genetics and inheritance. It was thought that alleles were either completely dominant or
completely recessive. However, Mendel's discovery showed that there is a spectrum of
dominance and recessiveness.

6. He discovered that there are certain traits that are passed down from parent to child and that
these traits are determined by the genes that the parents have. He also discovered that some
traits are more likely to be passed down than others. For example, if a parent has the gene for
blue eyes, then their child is more likely to have blue eyes than if the parent has the gene for
brown eyes. Mendel's discovery was based on his observations of pea plants. He noticed that
some plants had certain traits, such as blue flowers, while others had different traits, such as
white flowers. He also noticed that these traits were passed down from parent to child. He
concluded that there must be some sort of mechanism that determines which traits are passed
down.