Social Entrepreneurship Educat

WELCOME
WELCOME TO THE 2011 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK.
We are pleased to share this third version of the Handbook with our colleagues
at colleges and universities around the world.
WHAT’S NEW IN THE 2011 EDITION?

As advocates for social entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurship education, we have gathered a comprehensive set
of resources both for faculty and administrators new to the field of social entrepreneurship, and for veterans who
blazed the trail for this academic field to take root. As you know, the field of social entrepreneurship education has
grown exponentially since the first Handbook was published in 2004. This 2011 Handbook has some enhanced
features to help you navigate recent developments in the field:
“Highlighted Examples” delve into new or innovative models

Ashoka U’s Elements of Excellence offer a road map for building
a standout social entrepreneurship education program
New structure and key categories help you navigate featured resources
“Summary Grids” make comprehensive section listings easier to scan
HATS OFF TO SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATORS!

We are motivated and humbled by the commitment, passion and creativity of social entrepreneurship educators
and administrators. We admire the educators who are teaching students the knowledge and skills they need to
excel in social entrepreneurial careers. We are inspired by the administrators who are
transforming their schools into innovation hubs that help students gain the applied
learning experiences and networks they need to make a difference in the world.
Be the change
you wish to see
We are thankful and grateful to you, for in your role as college and university educators
in the world. you are helping students to “be the change” and you are transforming colleges and
~ GANDHI universities into hubs of social innovation, from which a new generation of social
entrepreneurs and changemakers will emerge.
We welcome you to the 2011 Social Entrepreneurship Education Resource Handbook and hope it will be an
effective tool for advancing social entrepreneurship with your students, on your campus, and in your local and
global communities.
Warm Regards,
Debbi D. Brock
Assistant Professor of Entrepreneurship, Anderson University
Marina Kim
Director, Ashoka U
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This publication would not have been possible without the support of many individuals, organizations and
networks. We would first like to thank all the contributors to the Handbook who helped us to provide a clear
resource guide for those interested in learning about the various ways to engage in the teaching and practice of
social entrepreneurship.
We would also like to thank Beeta Ansari on the Ashoka U team, who put in countless hours synthesizing the
submissions for the Handbook and working tirelessly on rounds of revisions to assure accuracy and clarity.
We would also like to thank Michele Leaman from Ashoka U and our intern Tommy Tobin, who spent hours
with edits and proofing of the final document.
We would also like to thank Debbi Brock for her role as the Founder of the Social Entrepreneurship
Teaching Resource Handbook in 2004. Her visionary effort to piece together lists of resources to navigate
the nascent field of social entrepreneurship has since grown to a publication that is cited as a key handbook
for academics and practitioners around the world. Debbi’s original Handbook has transformed into this
Social Entrepreneurship Education Resource Handbook.
Copyright © 2011 Ashoka U and Debbi D. Brock. Published by Ashoka U,

the University Division of Ashoka: Innovators for the Public. All rights reserved.
Citations of materials as a source of information are required and appreciated. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK 1
HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS
The Handbook is designed to provide an array of rich resources at your fingertips, which you can either read I. FOREWORD .................................................................................................... 4
section by section, or pick up as a reference guide when you have specific questions. Originally designed
for faculty members interested in teaching social entrepreneurship, this Handbook was revised this year to II. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 6
include uses and applications for administrators eager to advance social entrepreneurship at their colleges
and universities, students interested in launching their own social ventures and plugging into relevant III. ASHOKA U ELEMENTS OF EXCELLENCE .......................................... 11
opportunities, and practitioners of social entrepreneurship with an interest in higher education programs.
IV. TEACHING AND CURRICULUM .............................................................. 13
TIPS FOR NAVIGATING THE HANDBOOK A. Innovative Curriculum, Masters Programs and Experiential Learning
B. Case Study and Teaching Material Repositories
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The table of contents outlines key categories to make navigation simple. C. Social Entrepreneurship Programs, Majors, Minors, Certificates
D. Case Study Examples
SUMMARY LIST
E. Multimedia Teaching Resources
Many categories provide a summary list of resources to expose you to the range of opportunities,
while extended descriptions highlight some of the newer, innovative examples by category. V. RESEARCH ..................................................................................................... 36
SECTIONS BY USER A. Books and Publications on Social Entrepreneurship
Some categories, like conferences, are separated into three key sections – faculty, student, and B. Core Academic Readings in Social Entrepreneurship
practitioner – to make navigation easy by user type.
C. Journals in Social Entrepreneurship
WHERE TO START VI. APPLIED LEARNING AND APPRENTICESHIP ................................... 48

ADMINISTRATORS: A. Internships, Jobs and Volunteer Opportunities
Use the sections on Programs, Majors and Minors to identify where your institution fits in the emerging field B. Social Entrepreneurship Competitions
of social entrepreurship. The Ashoka U Elements of Excellence orients you to emerging standards in the field.
VII. RESOURCES ............................................................................................... 56
PROFESSORS: A. Social Entrepreneurship Support Organizations
Use the sections on Teaching, Curriculum and Research for your classroom. Listing over 500 professors the
Global Faculty Directory connects you to peers. VIII. ROLE MODELS ......................................................................................... 60
STUDENTS: A. Social Entrepreneur in Residence
Use the section on Applied Learning and Apprenticeship for an overview of conferences and competitions
that help you learn more, get connected and gain feedback on your new venture idea. IX. COMMUNITY AND CULTURE .................................................................. 61
A. Social Entrepreneurship Conferences and Events
PRACTITIONERS:
Use the section on Community and Culture for an outline of support organizations and practitioner X. GLOBAL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP FACULTY DIRECTORY .... 66
conferences that get you inspired and connected to networks and resources.
A. Europe: Marthe Nyssens, Université Catholique de Louvain
B. Latin and South America: Roberto Gutiérrez, Universidad de los Andes
The information provided in this Handbook was obtained from program directors, faculty, college and
university websites, and course syllabi. The Handbook will be updated on a bi-annual basis. To submit C. North America: Robert S. D’Intino, Rowan University
updates, additions, corrections or suggestions, please contact Ashoka U at info@ashokau.org D. Asia: Marie Lisa Dacanay, Ateneo De Manila University
E. Africa: Susan Steinman, University of Johannesburg
F. Australia: Ian Jones, RMIT College of Business
2 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK 3
I. FOREWORD 3) Presidents and Senior Leaders Embrace Social Entrepreneurship
Senior leaders are seeing social entrepreneurship as a core value they want to embed into their institution’s
The Field of Social Entrepreneurship Education: reputation, culture, education and programming. Presidents are seeking out and using social entrepreneurship
From the Second Wave of Growth to a Third Wave of Innovation as a core competitive advantage for new student recruitment, alumni engagement, and donor cultivation.
By Marina Kim, Director, Ashoka U and Jane Leu, Ashoka U Fellow in Residence 2010
4) Diversity of Institutions
As world citizens, we face pressing social challenges of an unprecedented scope and scale. These challenges Diverse institutional types are embracing social entrepreneurship, including 2- and 4-year institutions, online
require the skills, passion and commitment of social entrepreneurs to solve. The magnitude and complexity universities, continuing and executive education programs and undergraduate and graduate schools across
of social challenges requires a more robust, diverse and talented cadre of social entrepreneurs and diverse disciplines, including engineering, design, law, social work, and education. In addition, social
changemakers, prepared and positioned to solve these problems. entrepreneurship education is moving outward from its popularity at elite colleges and universities to
institutionalization at universities and colleges worldwide.
We believe colleges and universities have an essential role to play in growing the next generation of social
entrepreneurs. In recent years, in response to student demand, colleges and universities have taken up IS A THIRD WAVE OF INNOVATION NEXT?
social entrepreneurship as a field of academic study. Today, more than 148 institutions globally are teaching
As social entrepreneurship becomes more established as an academic field, the opportunity exists for a third
some aspect of social entrepreneurship on their campuses.
wave of innovation. Institutions of higher education have the opportunity to build on existing social
entrepreneurship programs to act as both engines and agents of systemic change.
At Ashoka U, we enjoy a landscape view of the field of social entrepreneurship education, which was further
expanded as we worked to update this Handbook. In the past several years we have observed that social
As engines of change, colleges and universities can effectively develop human capital to implement pattern-
entrepreneurship education is entering a Second Wave of development, with a Third Wave emerging
changing ideas to address the world’s most pressing challenges. The development of student competencies
quickly on the horizon.
will depend on the creation of effective pedagogies and methodologies to ensure results. Furthermore,
academia can produce rigorous, peer-reviewed research that identifies effective approaches in diverse
From our perspective, the First Wave of development was characterized by activity and courses primarily contexts and deepens the field’s understanding of the interplay between business, philanthropy, nonprofit
at graduate schools of business, with early leadership from Harvard University, University of Geneva management, social innovation, social enterprise, and social entrepreneurship. Finally, contributing to
in Switzerland, Stanford University, and later schools of Government and Public Policy including increased social impact, applied research can further the work of practitioners and develop new tools
New York University and Harvard University joined in along with pioneering centers at Oxford University, and innovations for the good of society.
Duke University, and others.
As agents of change, colleges and universities have the opportunity to focus activities and resources
TODAY’S SECOND WAVE, FROM ASHOKA U’S VANTAGE POINT, towards defined social needs. In doing so, an institution can transform itself into one that rivals any socially
IS BEING SHAPED BY FOUR MAJOR TRENDS: entrepreneurial organization, with scale and impact beyond what is possible through small to mid-sized
organizations. Many colleges and universities are already moving down this path, harnessing the considerable
1) Shift from Business Schools to “Everyone a Changemaker” assets of their institution to create and scale systems-changing solutions.
We see a shift from business schools as the primary or sole driver of social entrepreneurship toward
cross-campus, interdisciplinary, “embedded” programs that serve undergraduates, graduates, and executive
The socially entrepreneurial university that produces change agents and acts as a change agent is where the
education seekers. Several leading institutions have set a goal that every student will be exposed to the
next wave can take us.
concepts of social entrepreneurship in the classroom before graduation.
2) Focus on Comprehensive, Rigorous Social Entrepreneurship Course of Study

that Combines Classroom and Practice
Colleges and universities are paying increased attention to combining and to connecting social
entrepreneurship theory with practice, and connecting the classroom to campus life and to a career.
Institutions are thinking beyond the one semester class to create cohorts of social entrepreneurship students
over a period of years. Colleges and universities are also developing a series of classes and experiences
that build upon one another to produce a rigorous course of social entrepreneurship study. Colleges and
universities are replacing applied learning experiences of internships and community consulting models
with innovative models that offer more value to students, community partners and to the practitioners in the
field. Finally, institutions are creating a comprehensive social entrepreneurship experience, integrating social
entrepreneurship teaching, thinking, and practice into diverse campus elements, including residential life,
student affairs and alumni relations.
I. FOREWORD 3) Presidents and Senior Leaders Embrace Social Entrepreneurship
Senior leaders are seeing social entrepreneurship as a core value they want to embed into their institution’s
The Field of Social Entrepreneurship Education: reputation, culture, education and programming. Presidents are seeking out and using social entrepreneurship
From the Second Wave of Growth to a Third Wave of Innovation as a core competitive advantage for new student recruitment, alumni engagement, and donor cultivation.
By Marina Kim, Director, Ashoka U and Jane Leu, Ashoka U Fellow in Residence 2010
4) Diversity of Institutions
As world citizens, we face pressing social challenges of an unprecedented scope and scale. These challenges Diverse institutional types are embracing social entrepreneurship, including 2- and 4-year institutions, online
require the skills, passion and commitment of social entrepreneurs to solve. The magnitude and complexity universities, continuing and executive education programs and undergraduate and graduate schools across
of social challenges requires a more robust, diverse and talented cadre of social entrepreneurs and diverse disciplines, including engineering, design, law, social work, and education. In addition, social
changemakers, prepared and positioned to solve these problems. entrepreneurship education is moving outward from its popularity at elite colleges and universities to
institutionalization at universities and colleges worldwide.
We believe colleges and universities have an essential role to play in growing the next generation of social
entrepreneurs. In recent years, in response to student demand, colleges and universities have taken up IS A THIRD WAVE OF INNOVATION NEXT?
social entrepreneurship as a field of academic study. Today, more than 148 institutions globally are teaching
As social entrepreneurship becomes more established as an academic field, the opportunity exists for a third
some aspect of social entrepreneurship on their campuses.
wave of innovation. Institutions of higher education have the opportunity to build on existing social
entrepreneurship programs to act as both engines and agents of systemic change.
At Ashoka U, we enjoy a landscape view of the field of social entrepreneurship education, which was further
expanded as we worked to update this Handbook. In the past several years we have observed that social
As engines of change, colleges and universities can effectively develop human capital to implement pattern-
entrepreneurship education is entering a Second Wave of development, with a Third Wave emerging
changing ideas to address the world’s most pressing challenges. The development of student competencies
quickly on the horizon.
will depend on the creation of effective pedagogies and methodologies to ensure results. Furthermore,
academia can produce rigorous, peer-reviewed research that identifies effective approaches in diverse
From our perspective, the First Wave of development was characterized by activity and courses primarily contexts and deepens the field’s understanding of the interplay between business, philanthropy, nonprofit
at graduate schools of business, with early leadership from Harvard University, University of Geneva management, social innovation, social enterprise, and social entrepreneurship. Finally, contributing to
in Switzerland, Stanford University, and later schools of Government and Public Policy including increased social impact, applied research can further the work of practitioners and develop new tools
New York University and Harvard University joined in along with pioneering centers at Oxford University, and innovations for the good of society.
Duke University, and others.
As agents of change, colleges and universities have the opportunity to focus activities and resources
TODAY’S SECOND WAVE, FROM ASHOKA U’S VANTAGE POINT, towards defined social needs. In doing so, an institution can transform itself into one that rivals any socially
IS BEING SHAPED BY FOUR MAJOR TRENDS: entrepreneurial organization, with scale and impact beyond what is possible through small to mid-sized
organizations. Many colleges and universities are already moving down this path, harnessing the considerable
1) Shift from Business Schools to “Everyone a Changemaker” assets of their institution to create and scale systems-changing solutions.
We see a shift from business schools as the primary or sole driver of social entrepreneurship toward
cross-campus, interdisciplinary, “embedded” programs that serve undergraduates, graduates, and executive
The socially entrepreneurial university that produces change agents and acts as a change agent is where the
education seekers. Several leading institutions have set a goal that every student will be exposed to the
next wave can take us.
concepts of social entrepreneurship in the classroom before graduation.
2) Focus on Comprehensive, Rigorous Social Entrepreneurship Course of Study

that Combines Classroom and Practice
Colleges and universities are paying increased attention to combining and to connecting social
entrepreneurship theory with practice, and connecting the classroom to campus life and to a career.
Institutions are thinking beyond the one semester class to create cohorts of social entrepreneurship students
over a period of years. Colleges and universities are also developing a series of classes and experiences
that build upon one another to produce a rigorous course of social entrepreneurship study. Colleges and
universities are replacing applied learning experiences of internships and community consulting models
with innovative models that offer more value to students, community partners and to the practitioners in the
field. Finally, institutions are creating a comprehensive social entrepreneurship experience, integrating social
entrepreneurship teaching, thinking, and practice into diverse campus elements, including residential life,
student affairs and alumni relations.
II. INTRODUCTION
Social Entrepreneurship Teaching and Research: Orphan, Cuckoo, or Walrus?
INSTITUTIONS PUBLICATIONS CONFERENCES
Alex Nicholls, University of Oxford
PIONEERS Harvard Business School Social Dees (1998) Harvard Business School Social
SIT YOU DOWN, FATHER, REST YOU (1990S)
Enterprise Initiative (1993)
Dees, Emerson, and
Enterprise Conference (2000-)
Today, social entrepreneurship is no longer the academic cottage industry it once was ten years ago. The data Foundations / think tanks / Economy (2001)
in this volume amply demonstrates that, in the last few years, college and university teaching and research on policy development, REDF /
Borzaga and Defourny (2001)
social entrepreneurship has grown significantly across campuses globally and Demos / IPPR (mid 1990s)
continues to grow. Current evidence suggests that students across the world are Bornstein (2004)
Not-for-profit, co-operative
“T he time has come,” responding strongly to social entrepreneurship teaching and demanding more studies scholars: EMES (1999) Stanford Social Innovation
courses. At the same time, academic research on the field is growing, maturing, Review (2004-)
the walrus said, “to talk Stanford Center for
of many things: of shoes and improving in quality and impact Social Innovation (1999) Austin / SEKN (2004)
and ships and sealing- Dacanay (2004)
wax of cabbages and As a consequence, this is a useful point to pause and take stock of where we
kings and why the sea is are in terms of the development and progress of this field of study: to sit down
and reflect a moment. The rise of social entrepreneurship scholarship is now CONSOLIDATORS Business Schools: Social Enterprise Journal (2005-) Social Enterprise Research
boiling hot and whether Conference (SERC) (Open
empirically proven, but as the subject enters mainstream academic discourses (2000s) CASE, Duke University (2002) Mair, Hockerts, and Robinson
pigs have wings.” University and London
and arenas of debate, this introduction poses two questions: What is the nature Skoll Centre, University of (2006, 2009, 2010)
Southbank University,
~CARROLL, 1871 of the institutionalization of social entrepreneurship in academe and what are Oxford (2003) Nicholls (2006) 2004–2006: with University
the implications of this? This paper aims to sketch out where we are today in Schools of Government Nyssens (2006) of Oxford, 2006-2008)
social entrepreneurship research and teaching and how we got there. It also Public Policy: Satter Conference on
Perrini (2006)
attempts to set out some of the current implications of the development of the field and to imagine future Kennedy School, Harvard Social Entrepreneurship
opportunities and hurdles. University (Bloom, c.2002) Light (2006) (NYU Stern, 2004-)
Wagner School, New York International Social
PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT: I AM HE, AS YOU ARE HE, University (Light, c.2005) Entrepreneurship Research
AS YOU ARE ME, AND WE ARE ALL TOGETHER Conference (ISERC)
(IESE – Barcelona, NYU Stern,
With hindsight, it is now possible to map out the development of modern social entrepreneurship scholarship
& Copenhagen Business School.
in three phases (pioneers, consolidators, new arrivals) across three dimensions (institutions, publications, 2005-2007)
conferences: see Table 1). The pioneers began working in the 1990s and focused on practical analysis linked
to case studies, applied teaching and practitioner-facing events and publications, and close involvement NEW ARRIVALS Third Sector Research Centre: Kerlin (2009) International Social Innovation
in policy development. The consolidators followed a decade or so later and institutionalized the study Social Enterprise Cluster Research Conference (ISIRC)
and research of social entrepreneurship in new college and university centers and programs (particularly (2008+) (University of Birmingham and
Zeigler (2009)
(University of Oxford and
in business schools), edited collections and new journals, and specialist academic conferences. Finally, University of Southampton: 2008) Santos (2010) London Southbank University,
the new arrivals represented the mainstreaming of social entrepreneurship research and teaching into Journal of Social 2009-)
traditional disciplines and established academic structures (for example, in the UK, publicly funded research Entrepreneurship (2010-) Colloquium on Social
underwritten by the ESRC). This phase included special editions on social entrepreneurship in top-ranked Ridley-Duff and Bull (2010) Entrepreneurship (University
journals and streams of papers on social entrepreneurship at well-established conferences. of Oxford and Duke University,
Journal of Social Business (2011) 2007, 2009, 2010-)
This pattern of development demonstrates a gradual assimilation of social entrepreneurship into mainstream Special Editions: Converts:
academic structures without revealing a clear institutionalization of meanings. The dominance of business Journal of World Business ARNOVA (USA)
schools in the early contextualization of the subject has been diluted and challenged by other disciplines’ 41.1 (2006)
International Society for Third
engagement suggesting a Janus-faced topic that can adapt to different perspectives easily. The absence of Emergence: Complexity and Sector Research (ISTR) (Europe)
an agreed unified theory of social entrepreneurship (Osberg and Martin, 2007, and Santos, 2010) suggests Organization 10.3 (2008)
National Council of Voluntary
that this subject remains flexible and fluid. Whilst Dacin et al (2010) proposed that social entrepreneurship MIT Innovations (2007, 2009) Organizations (NCVO) (UK)
might be distinguished from other topics within entrepreneurship by three factors – a distinctiveness in Entrepreneurship Theory Academy of Management
organizational processes, resource strategies and financial structure, and mission objectives - they remained and Practice 34.4 (2010)
skeptical of its viability as a stand-alone area of theory.
II. INTRODUCTION
Social Entrepreneurship Teaching and Research: Orphan, Cuckoo, or Walrus?
INSTITUTIONS PUBLICATIONS CONFERENCES
Alex Nicholls, University of Oxford
PIONEERS Harvard Business School Social Dees (1998) Harvard Business School Social
SIT YOU DOWN, FATHER, REST YOU (1990S)
Enterprise Initiative (1993)
Dees, Emerson, and
Enterprise Conference (2000-)
Today, social entrepreneurship is no longer the academic cottage industry it once was ten years ago. The data Foundations / think tanks / Economy (2001)
in this volume amply demonstrates that, in the last few years, college and university teaching and research on policy development, REDF /
Borzaga and Defourny (2001)
social entrepreneurship has grown significantly across campuses globally and Demos / IPPR (mid 1990s)
continues to grow. Current evidence suggests that students across the world are Bornstein (2004)
Not-for-profit, co-operative
“T he time has come,” responding strongly to social entrepreneurship teaching and demanding more studies scholars: EMES (1999) Stanford Social Innovation
courses. At the same time, academic research on the field is growing, maturing, Review (2004-)
the walrus said, “to talk Stanford Center for
of many things: of shoes and improving in quality and impact Social Innovation (1999) Austin / SEKN (2004)
and ships and sealing- Dacanay (2004)
wax of cabbages and As a consequence, this is a useful point to pause and take stock of where we
kings and why the sea is are in terms of the development and progress of this field of study: to sit down
and reflect a moment. The rise of social entrepreneurship scholarship is now CONSOLIDATORS Business Schools: Social Enterprise Journal (2005-) Social Enterprise Research
boiling hot and whether Conference (SERC) (Open
empirically proven, but as the subject enters mainstream academic discourses (2000s) CASE, Duke University (2002) Mair, Hockerts, and Robinson
pigs have wings.” University and London
and arenas of debate, this introduction poses two questions: What is the nature Skoll Centre, University of (2006, 2009, 2010)
Southbank University,
~CARROLL, 1871 of the institutionalization of social entrepreneurship in academe and what are Oxford (2003) Nicholls (2006) 2004–2006: with University
the implications of this? This paper aims to sketch out where we are today in Schools of Government Nyssens (2006) of Oxford, 2006-2008)
social entrepreneurship research and teaching and how we got there. It also Public Policy: Satter Conference on
Perrini (2006)
attempts to set out some of the current implications of the development of the field and to imagine future Kennedy School, Harvard Social Entrepreneurship
opportunities and hurdles. University (Bloom, c.2002) Light (2006) (NYU Stern, 2004-)
Wagner School, New York International Social
PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT: I AM HE, AS YOU ARE HE, University (Light, c.2005) Entrepreneurship Research
AS YOU ARE ME, AND WE ARE ALL TOGETHER Conference (ISERC)
(IESE – Barcelona, NYU Stern,
With hindsight, it is now possible to map out the development of modern social entrepreneurship scholarship
& Copenhagen Business School.
in three phases (pioneers, consolidators, new arrivals) across three dimensions (institutions, publications, 2005-2007)
conferences: see Table 1). The pioneers began working in the 1990s and focused on practical analysis linked
to case studies, applied teaching and practitioner-facing events and publications, and close involvement NEW ARRIVALS Third Sector Research Centre: Kerlin (2009) International Social Innovation
in policy development. The consolidators followed a decade or so later and institutionalized the study Social Enterprise Cluster Research Conference (ISIRC)
and research of social entrepreneurship in new college and university centers and programs (particularly (2008+) (University of Birmingham and
Zeigler (2009)
(University of Oxford and
in business schools), edited collections and new journals, and specialist academic conferences. Finally, University of Southampton: 2008) Santos (2010) London Southbank University,
the new arrivals represented the mainstreaming of social entrepreneurship research and teaching into Journal of Social 2009-)
traditional disciplines and established academic structures (for example, in the UK, publicly funded research Entrepreneurship (2010-) Colloquium on Social
underwritten by the ESRC). This phase included special editions on social entrepreneurship in top-ranked Ridley-Duff and Bull (2010) Entrepreneurship (University
journals and streams of papers on social entrepreneurship at well-established conferences. of Oxford and Duke University,
Journal of Social Business (2011) 2007, 2009, 2010-)
This pattern of development demonstrates a gradual assimilation of social entrepreneurship into mainstream Special Editions: Converts:
academic structures without revealing a clear institutionalization of meanings. The dominance of business Journal of World Business ARNOVA (USA)
schools in the early contextualization of the subject has been diluted and challenged by other disciplines’ 41.1 (2006)
International Society for Third
engagement suggesting a Janus-faced topic that can adapt to different perspectives easily. The absence of Emergence: Complexity and Sector Research (ISTR) (Europe)
an agreed unified theory of social entrepreneurship (Osberg and Martin, 2007, and Santos, 2010) suggests Organization 10.3 (2008)
National Council of Voluntary
that this subject remains flexible and fluid. Whilst Dacin et al (2010) proposed that social entrepreneurship MIT Innovations (2007, 2009) Organizations (NCVO) (UK)
might be distinguished from other topics within entrepreneurship by three factors – a distinctiveness in Entrepreneurship Theory Academy of Management
organizational processes, resource strategies and financial structure, and mission objectives - they remained and Practice 34.4 (2010)
skeptical of its viability as a stand-alone area of theory.
STRUCTURE AND CONTEXT: THE JOKER LAUGHS AT YOU? It has been argued elsewhere that the institutionalization of the discourses and logics of social
The establishment of social entrepreneurship as an object of study for mainstream scholarship clearly reflects entrepreneurship to date represents a process of ‘reflexive isomorphism’ (Nicholls, 2010) within a Kuhnian
significant institutional and societal changes over the past decade driven by a powerful confluence of new (1962) paradigmatic setting. This is a process not without its own dangers since the establishment of an
initiatives around sustainable business, more effective government, and a more efficient third sector (Nicholls, academic paradigm represents – of necessity – an act of monological exclusion and expression of singular
2006). In turn these changes reflect broader shifts in the global political economy that can be characterized power. It is encouraging to note that from a teaching and research perspective there is evidence of scholarly
today as Globalization 3.0. spaces for ambiguity and disagreement in current social entrepreneurship scholarship. For example, there
are spaces where positivists (e.g. Short, et al) can debate with interpretivists (Steyaert and Dey, 2010) across
different country perspectives and cultural contexts.
The first wave of globalization followed an imperialist model of – largely European – conquest and trade
during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Hobsbaum, 1987). The second wave developed during the
twentieth century and was built upon two foundations: the post-war set of new, trans-national organizations, This brief survey suggests that social entrepreneurship will resist being adopted as an orphan subject, has the
including the United Nations and the institutions of the Bretton Woods Agreement, and a rapid acceleration potential to work as a viral influence within and across established disciplines, but may, above all, remain a
of (mostly) free trade between the North and South (Chang, 2002). This wave was further enhanced ‘walrus’ subject, whose complexity and diversity will be inspire and infuriate students and scholars in equal
by the rise of digital technologies in the 1990s that extended and embedded existing patterns of global measure for years to come.
connectedness. Finally, the third wave of globalization has its origins in the Kyoto Protocol drafted in 1997
and represents a new agenda for global collaboration based around climate change, peace and terrorism, REFERENCES
poverty alleviation, education, health, and other of the Millennium Development Goals.
Akerlof, G., and Kranton, R. (2000), ‘Economics and Identity’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics,
115.3, pp. 715–753
Unlike the previous two waves, this third wave focuses on social and environmental objectives ahead of
narrow economic or parochial national concerns. Globalization 3.0 has created a set of new institutional Austin, J. E., (2004), Social Partnering in Latin America, SEKN/Harvard Business School
contexts that are very amenable to socially entrepreneurial models in terms of fresh policy agendas, disruptive Bornstein, D. (2004), How to Save the World, Oxford University Press
business models, new markets, and a reformed civil society. As a result, new institutional logics built on
socially entrepreneurial thinking have become commonplace today, for example: blended value creation Borzaga, C., and Defourny, J. (2001), The Emergence of Social Enterprise, Routledge
(Emerson, 2003); impact investing as a new asset class (Fulton and Freireich, 2009); Bottom of the Pyramid Carroll (1871), Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, Macmillan
market analysis (Prahalad, 2005); increased attention to social capital and community cohesion (Putnam,
2001); and identity economics (Akerlof and Kranton, 2000). The collapse of the global financial system in Chang, H-J. (2002), Kicking Away The Ladder, Anthem Press
2008 only served to accelerate these changes (Mulgan, 2009; Murray, 2009). Collier, P. (2007), The Bottom Billion, Oxford University Press
However, whilst the rise of social entrepreneurship has strong links with these macro-level trends, work Dacanay, M.-L. (2004), Creating a Space in the Market, AIM
by Kerlin (2009) and Defourny and Nyssens (2010) has highlighted the importance of individual cultural Dacin, P., Dacin, T., and Matear, M. (2010), ‘Social Entrepreneurship: Why We Don’t Need a New Theory
contexts in the interpretation and enactment of social entrepreneurship. Building on the regionally focused and How We Move Forward From Here’ Academy of Management Perspectives, 24.3, pp. 37–57
work of SEKN and EMES, these authors expanded the study of social entrepreneurship to include
Defourny and Nyssens (2010), ‘Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe
comparative, cross-national dimensions of analysis. This stream of work presents a useful bridge between
and the United States: Convergences and Divergences’, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, pp. 32–53
social entrepreneurship and other important work in areas as varied as the study of ‘frugal’ innovation
(Economist, 2010), Bottom Billion development models involving infrastructure projects and support Dees, J. G. (1998), ‘The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship’, available at:
for SMEs (Collier, 2007), and clean water, health, and education policy debates. The conclusion is that www.caseatduke.org/documents/dees_sedef.pdf
social entrepreneurship has both macro- and micro-level expressions and enactments that interrelate and
Dees, J.G., Emerson, J., and Economy, P. (2001), Enterprising Nonprofits: A Toolkit for Social Entrepreneurs,
interpenetrate in dynamic and various ways depending on context. The interplay of structure and agency here
John Wiley
is less clear, however. Does social entrepreneurship represent a driver of institutional change or simply an
expression of it? Economist (2010), ‘First Break All The Rules: The Charms of Frugal Innovation. A Special Report on
Innovation in Emerging Markets’, Economist, April 15th
CONCLUSIONS: I AM THE WALRUS OR THE WALRUS WAS PAUL? Emerson, J. (2003), ‘The Blended Value Proposition: Integrating Social and Financial Results’, California
An analysis of the development of social entrepreneurship to date suggests three possible future scenarios: Management Review, 45.4, pp. 35–51
first, social entrepreneurship scholarship may increasingly be institutionalized as an ‘orphan’ subject taken Fulton, K., and Freireich, J. (2009), Investing for Social and Environmental Impact, Monitor Institute
in and legitimized by an established, ‘parent’, discipline (Kuhn, 1962); second, social entrepreneurship may
act as a ‘cuckoo’ subject assimilating itself to fit in many disciplines, whilst remaining ultimately distinct and Hobsbaum, E. (1987), The Age of Empire: 1875–1914, Weidenfeld and Nicolson
resistance to isomorphic pressures (Nicholls, 2010); third, that social entrepreneurship may represent a
‘walrus’ subject that can mean everything (and nothing?) to all interested scholars, a fluid institutional space
with porous borders and hazy meanings (Lennon, 1967).
STRUCTURE AND CONTEXT: THE JOKER LAUGHS AT YOU? It has been argued elsewhere that the institutionalization of the discourses and logics of social
The establishment of social entrepreneurship as an object of study for mainstream scholarship clearly reflects entrepreneurship to date represents a process of ‘reflexive isomorphism’ (Nicholls, 2010) within a Kuhnian
significant institutional and societal changes over the past decade driven by a powerful confluence of new (1962) paradigmatic setting. This is a process not without its own dangers since the establishment of an
initiatives around sustainable business, more effective government, and a more efficient third sector (Nicholls, academic paradigm represents – of necessity – an act of monological exclusion and expression of singular
2006). In turn these changes reflect broader shifts in the global political economy that can be characterized power. It is encouraging to note that from a teaching and research perspective there is evidence of scholarly
today as Globalization 3.0. spaces for ambiguity and disagreement in current social entrepreneurship scholarship. For example, there
are spaces where positivists (e.g. Short, et al) can debate with interpretivists (Steyaert and Dey, 2010) across
different country perspectives and cultural contexts.
The first wave of globalization followed an imperialist model of – largely European – conquest and trade
during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Hobsbaum, 1987). The second wave developed during the
twentieth century and was built upon two foundations: the post-war set of new, trans-national organizations, This brief survey suggests that social entrepreneurship will resist being adopted as an orphan subject, has the
including the United Nations and the institutions of the Bretton Woods Agreement, and a rapid acceleration potential to work as a viral influence within and across established disciplines, but may, above all, remain a
of (mostly) free trade between the North and South (Chang, 2002). This wave was further enhanced ‘walrus’ subject, whose complexity and diversity will be inspire and infuriate students and scholars in equal
by the rise of digital technologies in the 1990s that extended and embedded existing patterns of global measure for years to come.
connectedness. Finally, the third wave of globalization has its origins in the Kyoto Protocol drafted in 1997
and represents a new agenda for global collaboration based around climate change, peace and terrorism, REFERENCES
poverty alleviation, education, health, and other of the Millennium Development Goals.
Akerlof, G., and Kranton, R. (2000), ‘Economics and Identity’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics,
115.3, pp. 715–753
Unlike the previous two waves, this third wave focuses on social and environmental objectives ahead of
narrow economic or parochial national concerns. Globalization 3.0 has created a set of new institutional Austin, J. E., (2004), Social Partnering in Latin America, SEKN/Harvard Business School
contexts that are very amenable to socially entrepreneurial models in terms of fresh policy agendas, disruptive Bornstein, D. (2004), How to Save the World, Oxford University Press
business models, new markets, and a reformed civil society. As a result, new institutional logics built on
socially entrepreneurial thinking have become commonplace today, for example: blended value creation Borzaga, C., and Defourny, J. (2001), The Emergence of Social Enterprise, Routledge
(Emerson, 2003); impact investing as a new asset class (Fulton and Freireich, 2009); Bottom of the Pyramid Carroll (1871), Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, Macmillan
market analysis (Prahalad, 2005); increased attention to social capital and community cohesion (Putnam,
2001); and identity economics (Akerlof and Kranton, 2000). The collapse of the global financial system in Chang, H-J. (2002), Kicking Away The Ladder, Anthem Press
2008 only served to accelerate these changes (Mulgan, 2009; Murray, 2009). Collier, P. (2007), The Bottom Billion, Oxford University Press
However, whilst the rise of social entrepreneurship has strong links with these macro-level trends, work Dacanay, M.-L. (2004), Creating a Space in the Market, AIM
by Kerlin (2009) and Defourny and Nyssens (2010) has highlighted the importance of individual cultural Dacin, P., Dacin, T., and Matear, M. (2010), ‘Social Entrepreneurship: Why We Don’t Need a New Theory
contexts in the interpretation and enactment of social entrepreneurship. Building on the regionally focused and How We Move Forward From Here’ Academy of Management Perspectives, 24.3, pp. 37–57
work of SEKN and EMES, these authors expanded the study of social entrepreneurship to include
Defourny and Nyssens (2010), ‘Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe
comparative, cross-national dimensions of analysis. This stream of work presents a useful bridge between
and the United States: Convergences and Divergences’, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, pp. 32–53
social entrepreneurship and other important work in areas as varied as the study of ‘frugal’ innovation
(Economist, 2010), Bottom Billion development models involving infrastructure projects and support Dees, J. G. (1998), ‘The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship’, available at:
for SMEs (Collier, 2007), and clean water, health, and education policy debates. The conclusion is that www.caseatduke.org/documents/dees_sedef.pdf
social entrepreneurship has both macro- and micro-level expressions and enactments that interrelate and
Dees, J.G., Emerson, J., and Economy, P. (2001), Enterprising Nonprofits: A Toolkit for Social Entrepreneurs,
interpenetrate in dynamic and various ways depending on context. The interplay of structure and agency here
John Wiley
is less clear, however. Does social entrepreneurship represent a driver of institutional change or simply an
expression of it? Economist (2010), ‘First Break All The Rules: The Charms of Frugal Innovation. A Special Report on
Innovation in Emerging Markets’, Economist, April 15th
CONCLUSIONS: I AM THE WALRUS OR THE WALRUS WAS PAUL? Emerson, J. (2003), ‘The Blended Value Proposition: Integrating Social and Financial Results’, California
An analysis of the development of social entrepreneurship to date suggests three possible future scenarios: Management Review, 45.4, pp. 35–51
first, social entrepreneurship scholarship may increasingly be institutionalized as an ‘orphan’ subject taken Fulton, K., and Freireich, J. (2009), Investing for Social and Environmental Impact, Monitor Institute
in and legitimized by an established, ‘parent’, discipline (Kuhn, 1962); second, social entrepreneurship may
act as a ‘cuckoo’ subject assimilating itself to fit in many disciplines, whilst remaining ultimately distinct and Hobsbaum, E. (1987), The Age of Empire: 1875–1914, Weidenfeld and Nicolson
resistance to isomorphic pressures (Nicholls, 2010); third, that social entrepreneurship may represent a
‘walrus’ subject that can mean everything (and nothing?) to all interested scholars, a fluid institutional space
with porous borders and hazy meanings (Lennon, 1967).
Kerlin, J. (2009), Social Enterprise: A Global Comparison, Tufts University Press
III. ASHOKA U’S ELEMENTS OF EXCELLENCE
Kuhn, T. (1962), The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION
Lennon, J. (1967), ‘I am the Walrus’, Magical Mystery Tour, EMI-Parlophone
VISION
Light, P. (2006), The Search for Social Entrepreneurship, Brookings Ashoka U envisions a world where colleges and universities everywhere serve as an enabling environment for
social entrepreneurship and everyone has access to the learning opportunities, role models, resources and
Mair, J., Hockerts, K., and Robinson, J. (2006), Social Enterprise, Palgrave MacMillan
peers needed to actualize their full potential as social entrepreneurs and changemakers.
Mulgan, G. (2009), ‘After Capitalism’, Prospect, 157, pp. 23-32
HISTORY
Murray, R. (2009), Danger and Opportunity: Crisis and the New Social Economy, NESTA/Young Foundation
As the number and diversity of colleges and universities engaged in social entrepreneurship education
Nicholls, A. (ed) (2006), Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of Sustainable Social Change, increased, the field asked Ashoka for guidance in creating programs and environments that are both conducive
Oxford University Press to nurturing future leading social entrepreneurs and changemakers and to pushing the boundaries of the field.
Ashoka U offers colleges and universities our Elements of Excellence as road map.
Nicholls, A. (2010), ‘The Legitimacy of Social Entrepreneurship: Reflexive Isomorphism in a Pre-Paradigmatic
Field’, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34.4, pp. 611-633
DEVELOPMENT
Nyssens, M. (2006), Social Enterprise, Routledge The Elements of Excellence are based on the combined experiences of over 2,500 Ashoka Fellows and
leading social entrepreneur practitioners. We also drew upon the expertise of our Changemaker Campus
Osberg, S., and Martin, R. (2007), ‘Social Entrepreneurship: The Case for Definition’,
Stanford Social Innovation Review, pp. 28-39 partners, industry experts, and philanthropic leaders. We then asked each to help answer the question,
Perrini, F. (2006), The New Social Entrepreneurship: What Awaits Social Entrepreneurial Ventures?, What makes an enabling environment for social
Edward Elgar THE 6 ELEMENTS entrepreneurs and changemakers?
OF EXCELLENCE
Prahalad, (2005), The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid, Wharton University Press As many colleges and universities seek new levels of rigor and effectiveness,
1. Teaching and we hope the Elements will encourage the creation of unique campus– or sector–
Putnam, R. (2001), Bowling Alone, Simon and Schuster Curriculum
specific innovations that catapult social entrepreneurship education forward and
2. Research
Ridley-Duff, R., and Bull, M. (2011), Understanding Social Enterprise: Theory and Practice, Sage create awe-inspiring results.
3. Applied Learning
Santos, F. (2010), ‘A Positive Theory of Social Entrepreneurship’, INSEAD Working Paper 2009/23 and Apprenticeship
4. Resources The Six Elements of Excellence can serve
as an institutional road map to assist with:
Short, J., Moss, T., and Lumpkin, T. (2009), ‘Research in Social Entrepreneurship: Past Contributions 5. Role Models
and Future Opportunities’, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3.2, pp.161–194 6. Community A) the creation of a comprehensive and sustainable cross-campus program, and/or
and Culture B) the embedding of social entrepreneurship into existing institutional
Steyaert, C., and Dey, P. (2010), ‘Nine Verbs to Keep the Social Entrepreneurship Research Agenda ‘Dangerous’’,
infrastructure
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, pp. 231 – 254
Zeigler, R. (2009), An Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar MEASURES OF EXCELLENCE: THE ELEMENTS AT ACHIEVEMENT
Element 1: Teaching and Curriculum
The institution offers a rigorous course of study in social entrepreneurship,
constituting of four or more high quality courses that form a minor or certificate.
A significant number of faculty and staff at the institution integrate concepts of social entrepreneurship
into courses across the disciplines.
A significant number of students show proficiency in changemaker competencies.
Element 2: Research
The institution’s researchers and faculty produce a steady output of positively received thought
leadership that advances social entrepreneurship theory and practice and offers systems-changing
solutions that deeply reshape the way social entrepreneurs innovate.
Faculty, students and practitioners across campus actively collaborate to build a comprehensive,
integrated multi-disciplinary social entrepreneurship research agenda.
Kerlin, J. (2009), Social Enterprise: A Global Comparison, Tufts University Press
III. ASHOKA U’S ELEMENTS OF EXCELLENCE
Kuhn, T. (1962), The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION
Lennon, J. (1967), ‘I am the Walrus’, Magical Mystery Tour, EMI-Parlophone
VISION
Light, P. (2006), The Search for Social Entrepreneurship, Brookings Ashoka U envisions a world where colleges and universities everywhere serve as an enabling environment for
social entrepreneurship and everyone has access to the learning opportunities, role models, resources and
Mair, J., Hockerts, K., and Robinson, J. (2006), Social Enterprise, Palgrave MacMillan
peers needed to actualize their full potential as social entrepreneurs and changemakers.
Mulgan, G. (2009), ‘After Capitalism’, Prospect, 157, pp. 23-32
HISTORY
Murray, R. (2009), Danger and Opportunity: Crisis and the New Social Economy, NESTA/Young Foundation
As the number and diversity of colleges and universities engaged in social entrepreneurship education
Nicholls, A. (ed) (2006), Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of Sustainable Social Change, increased, the field asked Ashoka for guidance in creating programs and environments that are both conducive
Oxford University Press to nurturing future leading social entrepreneurs and changemakers and to pushing the boundaries of the field.
Ashoka U offers colleges and universities our Elements of Excellence as road map.
Nicholls, A. (2010), ‘The Legitimacy of Social Entrepreneurship: Reflexive Isomorphism in a Pre-Paradigmatic
Field’, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34.4, pp. 611-633
DEVELOPMENT
Nyssens, M. (2006), Social Enterprise, Routledge The Elements of Excellence are based on the combined experiences of over 2,500 Ashoka Fellows and
leading social entrepreneur practitioners. We also drew upon the expertise of our Changemaker Campus
Osberg, S., and Martin, R. (2007), ‘Social Entrepreneurship: The Case for Definition’,
Stanford Social Innovation Review, pp. 28-39 partners, industry experts, and philanthropic leaders. We then asked each to help answer the question,
Perrini, F. (2006), The New Social Entrepreneurship: What Awaits Social Entrepreneurial Ventures?, What makes an enabling environment for social
Edward Elgar THE 6 ELEMENTS entrepreneurs and changemakers?
OF EXCELLENCE
Prahalad, (2005), The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid, Wharton University Press As many colleges and universities seek new levels of rigor and effectiveness,
1. Teaching and we hope the Elements will encourage the creation of unique campus– or sector–
Putnam, R. (2001), Bowling Alone, Simon and Schuster Curriculum
specific innovations that catapult social entrepreneurship education forward and
2. Research
Ridley-Duff, R., and Bull, M. (2011), Understanding Social Enterprise: Theory and Practice, Sage create awe-inspiring results.
3. Applied Learning
Santos, F. (2010), ‘A Positive Theory of Social Entrepreneurship’, INSEAD Working Paper 2009/23 and Apprenticeship
4. Resources The Six Elements of Excellence can serve
as an institutional road map to assist with:
Short, J., Moss, T., and Lumpkin, T. (2009), ‘Research in Social Entrepreneurship: Past Contributions 5. Role Models
and Future Opportunities’, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3.2, pp.161–194 6. Community A) the creation of a comprehensive and sustainable cross-campus program, and/or
and Culture B) the embedding of social entrepreneurship into existing institutional
Steyaert, C., and Dey, P. (2010), ‘Nine Verbs to Keep the Social Entrepreneurship Research Agenda ‘Dangerous’’,
infrastructure
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, pp. 231 – 254
Zeigler, R. (2009), An Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar MEASURES OF EXCELLENCE: THE ELEMENTS AT ACHIEVEMENT
Element 1: Teaching and Curriculum
The institution offers a rigorous course of study in social entrepreneurship,
constituting of four or more high quality courses that form a minor or certificate.
A significant number of faculty and staff at the institution integrate concepts of social entrepreneurship
into courses across the disciplines.
A significant number of students show proficiency in changemaker competencies.
Element 2: Research
The institution’s researchers and faculty produce a steady output of positively received thought
leadership that advances social entrepreneurship theory and practice and offers systems-changing
solutions that deeply reshape the way social entrepreneurs innovate.
Faculty, students and practitioners across campus actively collaborate to build a comprehensive,
integrated multi-disciplinary social entrepreneurship research agenda.
Element 3: Applied Learning and Apprenticeship IV. TEACHING AND CURRICULUM
The institution provides a formal, well-structured apprenticeship program that integrates students into
social entrepreneurship organizations to build skills and obtain deep experiences with and exposure to A VISION FOR A ROBUST TEACHING AND CURRICULUM PROGRAM
passionate changemakers. The opportunity to highlight innovative teaching and curricula in the 2011 Social Entrepreneurship Education
Resource Handbook posed a difficult challenge. A number of new majors, minors and other programs in social
Each year, students participate in increasingly more challenging experiential learning opportunities entrepreneurship from around the world are being offered. The current number has now exceeded 81 distinct
designed to ensure students learn to advance a powerful idea into a high-impact reality. colleges and universities, 41% of which are outside the United States. In the 2011 version of the Handbook, we
The institution has established relationships with social entrepreneurship organizations that recruit documented a 255% increase in centers or programs to 51, from 2008. Graduate schools now offer 20 masters
graduates for full-time positions. level offerings, with the largest concentration in Europe. Brock and Steiner’s 2008 research included over
142 courses in social entrepreneurship and that number is expected to grow. Currently, over 32 universities
Element 4: Resources and colleges offer a variety of social entrepreneurship majors, minors, certificates or concentrations on the
undergraduate level, and three others offer executive education training programs.
A dedicated team effectively coordinates all social entrepreneurship leaders and activities; social
entrepreneurship champions across campus are supported by respected full- or part-time staff with In the United States, a clear criterion for inclusion in the Handbook was created based on programs, majors,
clearly defined responsibilities for connecting all Six Elements of social entrepreneurship programming. minors and certificates that focused on the social innovation school of thought (Dees and Battle-Anderson,
The institution has a robust, multi-year funding model that includes earned income, grants and 2006). In Europe, social enterprise has a more broad understanding and often involves the cooperatives that are
endowment strategy, supports key faculty and staff roles, and funds student and faculty projects. more prevalent within the European context (Defourny and Nyssens, 2010). While we were unable to highlight
all universities and colleges that offer social entrepreneurship courses, we compiled a listing of all centers
or programs, majors and minors, and showcased some intriguing new opportunities for both teaching and
Element 5: Role Models curriculum development.
The institution invests heavily in efforts to expose students to diverse real-life examples of social
entrepreneurs at multiple points in a student’s life-cycle; social entrepreneurship experts regularly
CROSS-CAMPUS AND COMMUNITY COLLABORATIONS
interact with students at lecture series, public events and classroom visits. One important element of curricular expansion is developing collaborations between different schools or
The institution nurtures 1-5 ongoing relationships with leading social entrepreneurs as role integration between disciplinary departments to develop a thriving cross-campus social entrepreneurship
models/mentors for faculty, administrators, students, and staff. program with support from many divisions. At New York University, the Social Entrepreneurship minor offers
cross-campus collaboration and courses. Students from different schools are selected for the highly coveted
Element 6: Community and Culture Reynolds Fellowship program, encouraging service to the local and international community.
The institution provides students with immersive on-campus experiences in social entrepreneurship that Integrating a course into the institution’s general education curriculum can expose a greater number of students
effectively link the academic, social, practical, and residential elements of student life. to social entrepreneurship early on in their college careers. Incoming freshman at Babson College learn how to
A social entrepreneurship advisory council has regular meetings and includes diverse representatives. make a difference by starting a social purpose organization in the “From Day One” program. The University of
Maryland I-Series is one example of an innovative undergraduate general education model that integrates social
An executive leadership team ensures accountability for driving the social entrepreneurship program
entrepreneurship. A complete view of the social innovation ecosystem including interaction between major
towards cross-campus integration and institutionalization, and ensures quality and sustainability across actors, methodologies, and how they can uniquely contribute to making the world a better place, through venture
leadership changes. creation, intrapreneurship or otherwise.
New York University – Social University of Maryland Management of Social Enterprise,

Innovation and Impact MBA and – I-Series University of Liège
Social Entrepreneurship Minor The Capstone Fellows Program at The two-year program includes, six
The MBA Specialization in Social UMD includes a cross-campus course specific courses including: Introduction
Innovation and Impact consists for first- and second- year students to Social Entrepreneurship and the
of 18 courses, including social called Social Enterprise: Changing Social Economy; Social Innovation and
entrepreneurship, social enterprise the World through Innovation and Organizational Diversity; Financing Social
development, and social venture Transformative Action. The class is Enterprises; Strategy and Marketing
capital. For undergraduates that seek part of UMD’s new undergraduate Management in Social Enterprises;
to bring together public service and general education curriculum called Governance and Human Resource
business, NYU offers a minor in Social the I-Series. Management in Social Enterprises and
Entrepreneurship through the Wagner Social Entrepreneurship; and Sustainable
School of Public Service in cooperation Development: Field-level Analyses.
with Stern School of Business.
Element 3: Applied Learning and Apprenticeship IV. TEACHING AND CURRICULUM
The institution provides a formal, well-structured apprenticeship program that integrates students into
social entrepreneurship organizations to build skills and obtain deep experiences with and exposure to A VISION FOR A ROBUST TEACHING AND CURRICULUM PROGRAM
passionate changemakers. The opportunity to highlight innovative teaching and curricula in the 2011 Social Entrepreneurship Education
Resource Handbook posed a difficult challenge. A number of new majors, minors and other programs in social
Each year, students participate in increasingly more challenging experiential learning opportunities entrepreneurship from around the world are being offered. The current number has now exceeded 81 distinct
designed to ensure students learn to advance a powerful idea into a high-impact reality. colleges and universities, 41% of which are outside the United States. In the 2011 version of the Handbook, we
The institution has established relationships with social entrepreneurship organizations that recruit documented a 255% increase in centers or programs to 51, from 2008. Graduate schools now offer 20 masters
graduates for full-time positions. level offerings, with the largest concentration in Europe. Brock and Steiner’s 2008 research included over
142 courses in social entrepreneurship and that number is expected to grow. Currently, over 32 universities
Element 4: Resources and colleges offer a variety of social entrepreneurship majors, minors, certificates or concentrations on the
undergraduate level, and three others offer executive education training programs.
A dedicated team effectively coordinates all social entrepreneurship leaders and activities; social
entrepreneurship champions across campus are supported by respected full- or part-time staff with In the United States, a clear criterion for inclusion in the Handbook was created based on programs, majors,
clearly defined responsibilities for connecting all Six Elements of social entrepreneurship programming. minors and certificates that focused on the social innovation school of thought (Dees and Battle-Anderson,
The institution has a robust, multi-year funding model that includes earned income, grants and 2006). In Europe, social enterprise has a more broad understanding and often involves the cooperatives that are
endowment strategy, supports key faculty and staff roles, and funds student and faculty projects. more prevalent within the European context (Defourny and Nyssens, 2010). While we were unable to highlight
all universities and colleges that offer social entrepreneurship courses, we compiled a listing of all centers
or programs, majors and minors, and showcased some intriguing new opportunities for both teaching and
Element 5: Role Models curriculum development.
The institution invests heavily in efforts to expose students to diverse real-life examples of social
entrepreneurs at multiple points in a student’s life-cycle; social entrepreneurship experts regularly
CROSS-CAMPUS AND COMMUNITY COLLABORATIONS
interact with students at lecture series, public events and classroom visits. One important element of curricular expansion is developing collaborations between different schools or
The institution nurtures 1-5 ongoing relationships with leading social entrepreneurs as role integration between disciplinary departments to develop a thriving cross-campus social entrepreneurship
models/mentors for faculty, administrators, students, and staff. program with support from many divisions. At New York University, the Social Entrepreneurship minor offers
cross-campus collaboration and courses. Students from different schools are selected for the highly coveted
Element 6: Community and Culture Reynolds Fellowship program, encouraging service to the local and international community.
The institution provides students with immersive on-campus experiences in social entrepreneurship that Integrating a course into the institution’s general education curriculum can expose a greater number of students
effectively link the academic, social, practical, and residential elements of student life. to social entrepreneurship early on in their college careers. Incoming freshman at Babson College learn how to
A social entrepreneurship advisory council has regular meetings and includes diverse representatives. make a difference by starting a social purpose organization in the “From Day One” program. The University of
Maryland I-Series is one example of an innovative undergraduate general education model that integrates social
An executive leadership team ensures accountability for driving the social entrepreneurship program
entrepreneurship. A complete view of the social innovation ecosystem including interaction between major
towards cross-campus integration and institutionalization, and ensures quality and sustainability across actors, methodologies, and how they can uniquely contribute to making the world a better place, through venture
leadership changes. creation, intrapreneurship or otherwise.
New York University – Social University of Maryland Management of Social Enterprise,

Innovation and Impact MBA and – I-Series University of Liège
Social Entrepreneurship Minor The Capstone Fellows Program at The two-year program includes, six
The MBA Specialization in Social UMD includes a cross-campus course specific courses including: Introduction
Innovation and Impact consists for first- and second- year students to Social Entrepreneurship and the
of 18 courses, including social called Social Enterprise: Changing Social Economy; Social Innovation and
entrepreneurship, social enterprise the World through Innovation and Organizational Diversity; Financing Social
development, and social venture Transformative Action. The class is Enterprises; Strategy and Marketing
capital. For undergraduates that seek part of UMD’s new undergraduate Management in Social Enterprises;
to bring together public service and general education curriculum called Governance and Human Resource
business, NYU offers a minor in Social the I-Series. Management in Social Enterprises and
Entrepreneurship through the Wagner Social Entrepreneurship; and Sustainable
School of Public Service in cooperation Development: Field-level Analyses.
with Stern School of Business.
Qualitatively, within the teaching and curriculum program, individual courses will provide rigorous content UNIQUE MASTERS EDUCATION PROGRAMS
and applied learning opportunities, and the progression of courses should enable the student to demonstrate
mastery in changemaker competencies over multiple years. MASTERS IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia, Ateneo De Manila University (Philippines)
Our goal with the 2011 version of the Handbook was to continue the tradition of highlighting innovative http://isea-group.net/initiativese0se.html?target=OA
initiatives, case studies, multimedia, classroom support materials and other pedagogical resources.
The Ateneo School of Government (ASoG) and the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia (ISEA) is a
practitioner-oriented masters program on social entrepreneurship. The Masters of Public Management–Social
IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL FIND INFORMATION ON:
Entrepreneurship is a degree for professionals who are interested in the pursuit of the public interest through
A. Innovative Curriculum, Masters Programs and Experiential Learning social entrepreneurship. The program focuses on teaching the theory and practice of social entrepreneurship
B. Case Study and Teaching Material Repositories that is contextualized and relevant to the pursuit of innovative solutions to poverty and social inequity, and
C. Social Entrepreneurship Programs, Majors, Minors, Certificates linked to transforming markets towards sustainable development in the Philippines and Asia.
MASTERS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
REFERENCES Tata Institute for Social Sciences (India)
www.tiss.edu
Brock, D.D., and Steiner, S.D. (2008). Social entrepreneurship education: Is it achieving the desired aims?
Proceedings from the 2008 USASBE: US Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship. 1133–1152. The Tata Institute of Social Sciences developed the first M.A. in Social Entrepreneurship program in India
and offers a two-year, full-time program that aims at training and developing change leaders for wealth
Dees, J.G. and Anderson, B.B. (2006.) Framing a theory of social entrepreneurship: building on two schools of
generation with social progress in social sectors and nonprofit markets. The unique pedagogy of the M.A.
practice and thought. Research on social entrepreneurship, ARNOVA occasional paper series, 1 (3), 39–66.
program is based on 50% classroom experience and 50% practice based learning in villages in India. Those
Defourny, J. and Nyssens, M. (2010.) Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe and who graduate from the program are expected to emerge as social entrepreneurs themselves. The courses are
the United States: Convergences and divergences. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 32–53 designed to create an innovative and sustainable approach for addressing age-old and emerging problems of
the poor and disadvantaged.
MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

A. INNOVATIVE CURRICULUM, MASTERS PROGRAMS AND University of Liège (Belgium)
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING www.ces.ulg.ac.be
This section highlights a number of innovative initiatives in social entrepreneurship from inventive
experiential learning programs to innovative masters programs, colleges and universities with powerful Based on a long research experience in the field of social entrepreneurship, the HEC Management School
research agendas and pioneering cross campus initiatives. at the University of Liège launched a Masters Program in Management with a specific orientation in the
“Management of Social Enterprises.” The two-year program includes, beyond general management courses,
six specific courses related to this topic including: Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship and the Social
INVENTIVE EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING Economy; Social Innovation and Organizational Diversity; Financing Social Enterprises; Strategy and
Marketing Management in Social Enterprises; Governance and Human Resource Management in Social
PEERY FILM FELLOWS & FESTIVAL
Enterprises and Social Entrepreneurship; and Field-Level Analyses in Sustainable Development.
Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program, Brigham Young University (US)
http://peery.byu.edu
Each year teams of student filmmakers are selected to produce a short documentary about a social
entrepreneur. Peery Social Entrepreneurship Fellows not only receive a grant to create a film, but complete a
curriculum on social entrepreneurship, interact with visiting film-makers, and have a showcase of their films
on and off campus. Most importantly, the films are used by the social entrepreneurs to build engagement with
their organizations. This Peery Film Festival invites faculty, administrators, students, and members of the
community to develop a globally minded, entrepreneurial culture.
Qualitatively, within the teaching and curriculum program, individual courses will provide rigorous content UNIQUE MASTERS EDUCATION PROGRAMS
and applied learning opportunities, and the progression of courses should enable the student to demonstrate
mastery in changemaker competencies over multiple years. MASTERS IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia, Ateneo De Manila University (Philippines)
Our goal with the 2011 version of the Handbook was to continue the tradition of highlighting innovative http://isea-group.net/initiativese0se.html?target=OA
initiatives, case studies, multimedia, classroom support materials and other pedagogical resources.
The Ateneo School of Government (ASoG) and the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia (ISEA) is a
practitioner-oriented masters program on social entrepreneurship. The Masters of Public Management–Social
IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL FIND INFORMATION ON:
Entrepreneurship is a degree for professionals who are interested in the pursuit of the public interest through
A. Innovative Curriculum, Masters Programs and Experiential Learning social entrepreneurship. The program focuses on teaching the theory and practice of social entrepreneurship
B. Case Study and Teaching Material Repositories that is contextualized and relevant to the pursuit of innovative solutions to poverty and social inequity, and
C. Social Entrepreneurship Programs, Majors, Minors, Certificates linked to transforming markets towards sustainable development in the Philippines and Asia.
MASTERS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
REFERENCES Tata Institute for Social Sciences (India)
www.tiss.edu
Brock, D.D., and Steiner, S.D. (2008). Social entrepreneurship education: Is it achieving the desired aims?
Proceedings from the 2008 USASBE: US Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship. 1133–1152. The Tata Institute of Social Sciences developed the first M.A. in Social Entrepreneurship program in India
and offers a two-year, full-time program that aims at training and developing change leaders for wealth
Dees, J.G. and Anderson, B.B. (2006.) Framing a theory of social entrepreneurship: building on two schools of
generation with social progress in social sectors and nonprofit markets. The unique pedagogy of the M.A.
practice and thought. Research on social entrepreneurship, ARNOVA occasional paper series, 1 (3), 39–66.
program is based on 50% classroom experience and 50% practice based learning in villages in India. Those
Defourny, J. and Nyssens, M. (2010.) Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe and who graduate from the program are expected to emerge as social entrepreneurs themselves. The courses are
the United States: Convergences and divergences. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 32–53 designed to create an innovative and sustainable approach for addressing age-old and emerging problems of
the poor and disadvantaged.
MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

A. INNOVATIVE CURRICULUM, MASTERS PROGRAMS AND University of Liège (Belgium)
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING www.ces.ulg.ac.be
This section highlights a number of innovative initiatives in social entrepreneurship from inventive
experiential learning programs to innovative masters programs, colleges and universities with powerful Based on a long research experience in the field of social entrepreneurship, the HEC Management School
research agendas and pioneering cross campus initiatives. at the University of Liège launched a Masters Program in Management with a specific orientation in the
“Management of Social Enterprises.” The two-year program includes, beyond general management courses,
six specific courses related to this topic including: Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship and the Social
INVENTIVE EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING Economy; Social Innovation and Organizational Diversity; Financing Social Enterprises; Strategy and
Marketing Management in Social Enterprises; Governance and Human Resource Management in Social
PEERY FILM FELLOWS & FESTIVAL
Enterprises and Social Entrepreneurship; and Field-Level Analyses in Sustainable Development.
Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program, Brigham Young University (US)
http://peery.byu.edu
Each year teams of student filmmakers are selected to produce a short documentary about a social
entrepreneur. Peery Social Entrepreneurship Fellows not only receive a grant to create a film, but complete a
curriculum on social entrepreneurship, interact with visiting film-makers, and have a showcase of their films
on and off campus. Most importantly, the films are used by the social entrepreneurs to build engagement with
their organizations. This Peery Film Festival invites faculty, administrators, students, and members of the
community to develop a globally minded, entrepreneurial culture.
DIVERSE EXECUTIVE EDUCATION GROUND-BREAKING OUTREACH PROGRAMS
THE EXECUTIVE PROGRAM IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP GLOBAL SOCIAL BENEFIT INCUBATOR
Stanford University (US) Santa Clara University (US)
http://csi.gsb.stanford.edu/education-programs www.scu.edu/sts/gsbi
Social entrepreneurship is a phenomenon that has captivated the public, the media, activists, philanthropists, The Center for Science, Technology, and Society, in collaboration with the Leavey School of Business, offers
and social change agents alike. Around the world, social entrepreneurs are revolutionizing our approaches the Global Social Benefit Incubator (GSBI). This year-long program is supported by a grant from the Skoll
to problems like education, the environment, poverty, healthcare, and social justice. The Executive Program Foundation. Its focus is on base of the pyramid social ventures with proof of concept and the potential for
in Social Entrepreneurship is a ground-breaking new program tailored to the needs and challenges facing large scale impact through the development of innovative business models and critical capacities in leader-
successful social entrepreneurs. The curriculum is tailored to help participants take enterprises and innovative ship, management, and operations. The GSBI curriculum has evolved through continuous improvement that is
models to the next level by refining their innovations and leveraging their impact. tied to hands-on work with ventures around the world. It integrates mentor-facilitated distance learning with
in-residence education and highly skilled Silicon Valley mentoring.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EXECUTIVE EDUCATION
INSEAD (France and Singapore) AMBASSADOR CORPS PROGRAM
www.insead.edu/se Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship, University of the Pacific (US)
http://globalctr.org/
While social entrepreneurs have emerged in every sector and nearly every market, they often lack the high-
level business, management, and strategy skills that have propelled the private sector to its remarkable growth. The Global Center’s Ambassador Corps Program is an annual program that provides fully funded fellowships
The program aims to leverage expertise in management education and training to develop and deliver the to students looking for international internships in the field of social entrepreneurship. Students across
world’s best executive training for social entrepreneurs. The pioneering ISEP program, launched in 2005, is Pacific’s nine schools and colleges are eligible to apply. Aside from the hands-on experience with leading
run annually in both the Fontainebleau and Singapore campuses and has established itself as the most valuable social entrepreneurs, this advanced internship program provides the essential fundamentals for establishing
program for leading social entrepreneurs. The program aims to organize our faculty and bring our academic careers in international development, strengthening graduate school applications, fulfilling practicum
expertise to bear upon the unique challenges faced by social entrepreneurs. requirements, and cultivating professional relationships in developing countries with premier social
entrepreneurship organizations.
INNOVATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAMS

POWERFUL RESEARCH AGENDAS
HUMANITARIAN ENGINEERING AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Penn State University (US) CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
http://csi.gsb.stanford.edu/education-programs OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (CASE)
Duke University (US)
The basic philosophy of Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship (HESE) at Penn State is
www.caseatduke.org
the convergence of concepts, disciplines, cultures and countries towards a freer, fairer, friendlier and more
sustainable planet. HESE challenges students and faculty from across campus to break down the barriers In the spirit of promoting the entrepreneurial pursuit of social impact, the Center for the Advancement of
between their disciplines and truly collaborate to develop technology-based solutions to address the most Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) at Duke University develops and disseminates knowledge, provides links to
compelling problems facing humanity today. The program strives to develop social innovations and scalable relevant external resources, and seeks to engage social entrepreneurs and community organizations with our
business models to transform these technology solutions into sustainable ventures that enable and accelerate students and work. In their knowledge development efforts, CASE seeks to bridge the gap between business
positive social change throughout the world. HESE is a collaborative effort between the School of Engineering and the social sector, and between theory and practice, so that knowledge will be translated effectively for use
Design, Technology and Professional Programs, the College of Engineering’s Electronic and Computer by front-line social entrepreneurs, nonprofit leaders, and philanthropists. CASE is also committed to building
Services department, the Tourism Research Lab in the College of Health and Human Development, and credibility for this field in academia. Thus, some of the Center’s work targets more of an academic audience.
the Farrell Center for Corporate Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the College of Business. However, the bulk of our work is aimed either at practitioners or at a mixed audience.
DIVERSE EXECUTIVE EDUCATION GROUND-BREAKING OUTREACH PROGRAMS
THE EXECUTIVE PROGRAM IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP GLOBAL SOCIAL BENEFIT INCUBATOR
Stanford University (US) Santa Clara University (US)
http://csi.gsb.stanford.edu/education-programs www.scu.edu/sts/gsbi
Social entrepreneurship is a phenomenon that has captivated the public, the media, activists, philanthropists, The Center for Science, Technology, and Society, in collaboration with the Leavey School of Business, offers
and social change agents alike. Around the world, social entrepreneurs are revolutionizing our approaches the Global Social Benefit Incubator (GSBI). This year-long program is supported by a grant from the Skoll
to problems like education, the environment, poverty, healthcare, and social justice. The Executive Program Foundation. Its focus is on base of the pyramid social ventures with proof of concept and the potential for
in Social Entrepreneurship is a ground-breaking new program tailored to the needs and challenges facing large scale impact through the development of innovative business models and critical capacities in leader-
successful social entrepreneurs. The curriculum is tailored to help participants take enterprises and innovative ship, management, and operations. The GSBI curriculum has evolved through continuous improvement that is
models to the next level by refining their innovations and leveraging their impact. tied to hands-on work with ventures around the world. It integrates mentor-facilitated distance learning with
in-residence education and highly skilled Silicon Valley mentoring.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EXECUTIVE EDUCATION
INSEAD (France and Singapore) AMBASSADOR CORPS PROGRAM
www.insead.edu/se Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship, University of the Pacific (US)
http://globalctr.org/
While social entrepreneurs have emerged in every sector and nearly every market, they often lack the high-
level business, management, and strategy skills that have propelled the private sector to its remarkable growth. The Global Center’s Ambassador Corps Program is an annual program that provides fully funded fellowships
The program aims to leverage expertise in management education and training to develop and deliver the to students looking for international internships in the field of social entrepreneurship. Students across
world’s best executive training for social entrepreneurs. The pioneering ISEP program, launched in 2005, is Pacific’s nine schools and colleges are eligible to apply. Aside from the hands-on experience with leading
run annually in both the Fontainebleau and Singapore campuses and has established itself as the most valuable social entrepreneurs, this advanced internship program provides the essential fundamentals for establishing
program for leading social entrepreneurs. The program aims to organize our faculty and bring our academic careers in international development, strengthening graduate school applications, fulfilling practicum
expertise to bear upon the unique challenges faced by social entrepreneurs. requirements, and cultivating professional relationships in developing countries with premier social
entrepreneurship organizations.
INNOVATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAMS

POWERFUL RESEARCH AGENDAS
HUMANITARIAN ENGINEERING AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Penn State University (US) CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
http://csi.gsb.stanford.edu/education-programs OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (CASE)
Duke University (US)
The basic philosophy of Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship (HESE) at Penn State is
www.caseatduke.org
the convergence of concepts, disciplines, cultures and countries towards a freer, fairer, friendlier and more
sustainable planet. HESE challenges students and faculty from across campus to break down the barriers In the spirit of promoting the entrepreneurial pursuit of social impact, the Center for the Advancement of
between their disciplines and truly collaborate to develop technology-based solutions to address the most Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) at Duke University develops and disseminates knowledge, provides links to
compelling problems facing humanity today. The program strives to develop social innovations and scalable relevant external resources, and seeks to engage social entrepreneurs and community organizations with our
business models to transform these technology solutions into sustainable ventures that enable and accelerate students and work. In their knowledge development efforts, CASE seeks to bridge the gap between business
positive social change throughout the world. HESE is a collaborative effort between the School of Engineering and the social sector, and between theory and practice, so that knowledge will be translated effectively for use
Design, Technology and Professional Programs, the College of Engineering’s Electronic and Computer by front-line social entrepreneurs, nonprofit leaders, and philanthropists. CASE is also committed to building
Services department, the Tourism Research Lab in the College of Health and Human Development, and credibility for this field in academia. Thus, some of the Center’s work targets more of an academic audience.
the Farrell Center for Corporate Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the College of Business. However, the bulk of our work is aimed either at practitioners or at a mixed audience.
SAÏD BUSINESS SCHOOL’S SKOLL CENTRE FOR STUDENT FOCUSED INITATIVES
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
University of Oxford (UK) FROM DAY ONE
www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/centres/skoll/research Babson College (US)
www3.babson.edu/newsroom/releases/FromDayOne8-10ns.cfm
The Saïd Business School is a leading global entity for the advancement of social entrepreneurship. The
school fosters innovative social transformation through education, research, and collaboration. The four main First-year students attend a full day of orientation focused on learning how to make money while achieving
areas of research are on social innovation, social finance and measurement, and impact. The social innovation a social purpose. From Day One introduces students to resources and opportunities to help them make a
research seeks to address the underpinning principles for affecting change, and explore how innovative difference in their community and in their careers, starting from their first day of college.
approaches to asking big questions shed new light on the often surprising answers. The next research area
explores issues of performance measurement, capturing impact, and reporting those impacts. The third area EDUN LIVE ON CAMPUS
looks to find emerging models and structures of social finance and develop new thinking on what the future of Miami University, Ohio (US)
performance-based social investment could look like. www.edunliveoncampus.com/
A partnership with Bono’s apparel company, Edun Live on Campus (ELOC) is a socially conscious, student-
COURSE INITATIVES run apparel business with the mission to break the cycle of poverty by creating opportunities in Africa. The
program has two fundamental missions: to provide sustainable employment in Africa, and provide hands-on
TRANSFORMATIVE ACTION COURSE CURRICULUM experiential learning of social entrepreneurship to students. ELOC provides hands-on learning, leadership
Transformative Action Institute (US and International) opportunities, and enhances sales, marketing, and entrepreneurship skills. Additionally, the model provides
www.transformativeaction.org faculty with the ability to fund entrepreneurship programs and do research. ELOC has been recognized in
Time, Business Week, Princeton Review, and participating students have held internships at U2’s
Transformative action is a new model for change that synthesizes the most effective methods for personal headquarters in Ireland and have served as panelists at conferences such as the Clinton Global Initiative
and social transformation. Transformative action is an entrepreneurial model of social change that focuses on University and M.I.T. Poverty Initiative.
better visions for the future. Rather than treating Fortune 500 corporations and governments as the enemy,
it catalyzes the power and money of all stakeholders toward creative “win-win” solutions. Transformative GUMBALL CAPITAL
action is also a powerful method for individuals to change their lives. It provides a process for people to turn
Stanford University (US)
negatives into positives, pessimism into optimism, and problems into opportunities for personal growth.
http://gumballcapital.org/
As Gandhi once said, “you must be the change you wish to see in world.” But for a long time there was little
scientific credible research about this process of personal transformation. The model taps into the emerging Gumball Capital started in February 2007 after a group of students wanted to learn more about microfinance
21st century science of positive psychology. The program offers workshops and courses at colleges and and investing in low-income entrepreneurs by providing loans to help grow their businesses. The team of
universities throughout the United States. evangelists created a Challenge to inspire the next generation of Changemakers who want to address social
problems. The Challenge is offered to colleges, universities, and high schools, bringing together young people
around the world to become a Changemaker for poverty alleviation.
CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE
University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill (US)
www.cse.unc.edu SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR EQUITABLE
DEVELOPMENT & SUSTAINABILITY (SEEDS)
The Center for Sustainable Enterprise (CSE) at UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School is an academic, research University of Colorado at Boulder (US)
and outreach center that helps leaders learn how to bring profits to a triple bottom line. For the last 10 years,
CSE has been at the forefront of programs in social entrepreneurship and sustainable thinking through its The Social Entrepreneurship for Equitable Development & Sustainability (SEEDS) program brings together
progressive focus on emerging global, social, ethical, and environmental issues and its work with students to students from across all disciplines to study a variety of entrepreneurial practices that foster social innovation.
develop sustainable business skills that will later differentiate them as a forward-thinking leader. CSE administers The program is designed for developing innovative, self-sustaining solutions for addressing critical social
a Sustainable Enterprise Enrichment Concentration which features 19 leading-edge electives in areas including and environmental issues around the globe. With an emphasis on real-world solutions, students will have
social entrepreneurship, innovation strategy, corporate social responsibility, and economic development. CSE the opportunity to compete for start-up funding and continued in-kind support for solutions developed in
offers a range of programs that provide students with opportunities to practice what they are learning in the the classroom.
classroom in real world environments working with thought leaders and practitioners in the field.
SAÏD BUSINESS SCHOOL’S SKOLL CENTRE FOR STUDENT FOCUSED INITATIVES
University of Oxford (UK) FROM DAY ONE
www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/centres/skoll/research Babson College (US)
www3.babson.edu/newsroom/releases/FromDayOne8-10ns.cfm
The Saïd Business School is a leading global entity for the advancement of social entrepreneurship. The
school fosters innovative social transformation through education, research, and collaboration. The four main First-year students attend a full day of orientation focused on learning how to make money while achieving
areas of research are on social innovation, social finance and measurement, and impact. The social innovation a social purpose. From Day One introduces students to resources and opportunities to help them make a
research seeks to address the underpinning principles for affecting change, and explore how innovative difference in their community and in their careers, starting from their first day of college.
approaches to asking big questions shed new light on the often surprising answers. The next research area
explores issues of performance measurement, capturing impact, and reporting those impacts. The third area EDUN LIVE ON CAMPUS
looks to find emerging models and structures of social finance and develop new thinking on what the future of Miami University, Ohio (US)
performance-based social investment could look like. www.edunliveoncampus.com/
A partnership with Bono’s apparel company, Edun Live on Campus (ELOC) is a socially conscious, student-
COURSE INITATIVES run apparel business with the mission to break the cycle of poverty by creating opportunities in Africa. The
program has two fundamental missions: to provide sustainable employment in Africa, and provide hands-on
TRANSFORMATIVE ACTION COURSE CURRICULUM experiential learning of social entrepreneurship to students. ELOC provides hands-on learning, leadership
Transformative Action Institute (US and International) opportunities, and enhances sales, marketing, and entrepreneurship skills. Additionally, the model provides
www.transformativeaction.org faculty with the ability to fund entrepreneurship programs and do research. ELOC has been recognized in
Time, Business Week, Princeton Review, and participating students have held internships at U2’s
Transformative action is a new model for change that synthesizes the most effective methods for personal headquarters in Ireland and have served as panelists at conferences such as the Clinton Global Initiative
and social transformation. Transformative action is an entrepreneurial model of social change that focuses on University and M.I.T. Poverty Initiative.
better visions for the future. Rather than treating Fortune 500 corporations and governments as the enemy,
it catalyzes the power and money of all stakeholders toward creative “win-win” solutions. Transformative GUMBALL CAPITAL
action is also a powerful method for individuals to change their lives. It provides a process for people to turn
Stanford University (US)
negatives into positives, pessimism into optimism, and problems into opportunities for personal growth.
http://gumballcapital.org/
As Gandhi once said, “you must be the change you wish to see in world.” But for a long time there was little
scientific credible research about this process of personal transformation. The model taps into the emerging Gumball Capital started in February 2007 after a group of students wanted to learn more about microfinance
21st century science of positive psychology. The program offers workshops and courses at colleges and and investing in low-income entrepreneurs by providing loans to help grow their businesses. The team of
universities throughout the United States. evangelists created a Challenge to inspire the next generation of Changemakers who want to address social
problems. The Challenge is offered to colleges, universities, and high schools, bringing together young people
around the world to become a Changemaker for poverty alleviation.
CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE
University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill (US)
www.cse.unc.edu SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR EQUITABLE
DEVELOPMENT & SUSTAINABILITY (SEEDS)
The Center for Sustainable Enterprise (CSE) at UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School is an academic, research University of Colorado at Boulder (US)
and outreach center that helps leaders learn how to bring profits to a triple bottom line. For the last 10 years,
CSE has been at the forefront of programs in social entrepreneurship and sustainable thinking through its The Social Entrepreneurship for Equitable Development & Sustainability (SEEDS) program brings together
progressive focus on emerging global, social, ethical, and environmental issues and its work with students to students from across all disciplines to study a variety of entrepreneurial practices that foster social innovation.
develop sustainable business skills that will later differentiate them as a forward-thinking leader. CSE administers The program is designed for developing innovative, self-sustaining solutions for addressing critical social
a Sustainable Enterprise Enrichment Concentration which features 19 leading-edge electives in areas including and environmental issues around the globe. With an emphasis on real-world solutions, students will have
social entrepreneurship, innovation strategy, corporate social responsibility, and economic development. CSE the opportunity to compete for start-up funding and continued in-kind support for solutions developed in
offers a range of programs that provide students with opportunities to practice what they are learning in the the classroom.
classroom in real world environments working with thought leaders and practitioners in the field.
PH.D. PROGRAMS AND TRAINING B. CASE STUDY AND TEACHING MATERIAL REPOSITORIES
Many educators use case studies as an effective tool in teaching social entrepreneurship. The following are
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PH.D.) IN ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT, repositories that house case studies and teaching materials focused on social entrepreneurship.
Southeast Asia Interdisciplinary Development Institute (Philippines) CASEPLACE.ORG
www.saidi.edu.ph/programs/soc_ent www.caseplace.org/cases
The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Organization Development specializing in Social Entrepreneurship is The cases on CasePlace.org are a carefully selected set of business case studies that pose social and
offered in the Interdisciplinary Development Institute. It is envisioned that the Program will become the preferred environmental challenges within traditional business problems. The cases can be searched by keywords
graduate degree of all social practitioners and be part of the mainstream academic offerings. It is envisioned that including titles, authors, regions, and companies. They can also be searched by using advanced searches in
all enterprises become social enterprises exhibiting the following quadruple bottom line including economic and
industry, discipline, topic and region. Search results provide abstracts, as well as background materials and
financial sustainability; social objectives; environmental sustainability; and people objectives. The social mission
source information. A keyword search on “social entrepreneurship” returns 82 relevant items.
and outcomes address the ownership and control issues of marginalized sectors. The intermediation provides
access to markets, financing, technical assistance, products and services. The resource mobilization focuses on the
generation of funds from entrepreneurial activities in order to support core development programs. The practical CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
and knowledge outcomes of the program must manifest in the three venues for change: the self, the organization, www.fuque.duke.edu/centers/case
and the community.
A research and education center based at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business, the Center for the
Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) promotes the entrepreneurial pursuit of social impact
EMES PH.D. INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL
through the thoughtful adaptation of business expertise. The website offers cases on social entrepreneurial
European Research Network (Europe)
organizations including Futures for Kids, a nonprofit designed to serve the needs of teens; the Latino
www.emes.net/
Community Credit Union that offers affordable, accessible and fair financial services to the Latino
A variety of approaches to the field of study loosely referred to as the “third sector” exist across most European population; and YouthBuild, which focuses on teaching students how to scale social innovations.
countries and around the world. Regardless of the approach used – nonprofit studies, social economy, solidarity-
based economy, social enterprise, etc. – the academic recognition of this field is being mirrored by the existence or HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL CASES
creation of a number of specialized university programs and research centers that attract an increasing number of
www.hbsp.harvard.edu/hbsp/case_studies.jsp
young researchers. Specific doctoral training programs for young scholars in the third sector, addressing theoretical
and hands-on research issues, do not abound, and the existing programs favor either a socio-political or a nonprofit Harvard Business Publishing offers case studies from the Harvard Business School and a growing list of
perspective. The EMES Ph.D. International Summer School aims to complete and widen the offers available to renowned institutions from around the world. The entire collection includes over 13,000 case studies
future scholars by providing them important analytical frameworks. with new cases being added frequently. There are some new features that aid in searching for case studies
and teaching materials: “Social Entrepreneurship” as a keyword returns 92 cases. Results can be sorted
OIKOS PH.D. SUMMER ACADEMY by relevance, publication date, and popularity among faculty. Links help to find a collection of materials,
Oikos International (Europe) including brief cases, multimedia cases, and cases for undergraduates or executive education.
www.oikos-international.org/academic/phd/
The annual Oikos Ph.D. Summer Academy provides Ph.D. students in the field of management and sustainability a UNIVERSITY NETWORK FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
platform to present and discuss their ongoing research projects with fellow students and senior faculty. The topics – NOW ASHOKA U
vary for the Oikos Ph.D. Summer Academy each year. The event aims to advance academic research, build networks www.universitynetwork.org is now www. ashokau.org
across disciplinary boundaries and to prepare the ground for research that is highly relevant for theoretical and
practical solutions for scaling up the pace of societal adaptation towards ecological boundaries of the planet. To The University Network for Social Entrepreneurship was started in 2005 to work with professors and
stimulate impact oriented mutual learning we aim to attract both advanced researchers and promising young Ph.D. researchers, practitioners and students to develop social entrepreneurship as a vocation and to carry its
students presenting conceptual works in progress. Feedback is provided by fellow students and three internationally principles into other disciplines and sectors. The University Network served as the platform for Ashoka U
well-reputed researchers. and now exists in that format. The Ashoka U website includes a resource section with a diversity of links
and information useful for educators.
PH.D. PROGRAMS AND TRAINING B. CASE STUDY AND TEACHING MATERIAL REPOSITORIES
Many educators use case studies as an effective tool in teaching social entrepreneurship. The following are
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PH.D.) IN ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT, repositories that house case studies and teaching materials focused on social entrepreneurship.
Southeast Asia Interdisciplinary Development Institute (Philippines) CASEPLACE.ORG
www.saidi.edu.ph/programs/soc_ent www.caseplace.org/cases
The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Organization Development specializing in Social Entrepreneurship is The cases on CasePlace.org are a carefully selected set of business case studies that pose social and
offered in the Interdisciplinary Development Institute. It is envisioned that the Program will become the preferred environmental challenges within traditional business problems. The cases can be searched by keywords
graduate degree of all social practitioners and be part of the mainstream academic offerings. It is envisioned that including titles, authors, regions, and companies. They can also be searched by using advanced searches in
all enterprises become social enterprises exhibiting the following quadruple bottom line including economic and
industry, discipline, topic and region. Search results provide abstracts, as well as background materials and
financial sustainability; social objectives; environmental sustainability; and people objectives. The social mission
source information. A keyword search on “social entrepreneurship” returns 82 relevant items.
and outcomes address the ownership and control issues of marginalized sectors. The intermediation provides
access to markets, financing, technical assistance, products and services. The resource mobilization focuses on the
generation of funds from entrepreneurial activities in order to support core development programs. The practical CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
and knowledge outcomes of the program must manifest in the three venues for change: the self, the organization, www.fuque.duke.edu/centers/case
and the community.
A research and education center based at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business, the Center for the
Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) promotes the entrepreneurial pursuit of social impact
EMES PH.D. INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL
through the thoughtful adaptation of business expertise. The website offers cases on social entrepreneurial
European Research Network (Europe)
organizations including Futures for Kids, a nonprofit designed to serve the needs of teens; the Latino
www.emes.net/
Community Credit Union that offers affordable, accessible and fair financial services to the Latino
A variety of approaches to the field of study loosely referred to as the “third sector” exist across most European population; and YouthBuild, which focuses on teaching students how to scale social innovations.
countries and around the world. Regardless of the approach used – nonprofit studies, social economy, solidarity-
based economy, social enterprise, etc. – the academic recognition of this field is being mirrored by the existence or HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL CASES
creation of a number of specialized university programs and research centers that attract an increasing number of
www.hbsp.harvard.edu/hbsp/case_studies.jsp
young researchers. Specific doctoral training programs for young scholars in the third sector, addressing theoretical
and hands-on research issues, do not abound, and the existing programs favor either a socio-political or a nonprofit Harvard Business Publishing offers case studies from the Harvard Business School and a growing list of
perspective. The EMES Ph.D. International Summer School aims to complete and widen the offers available to renowned institutions from around the world. The entire collection includes over 13,000 case studies
future scholars by providing them important analytical frameworks. with new cases being added frequently. There are some new features that aid in searching for case studies
and teaching materials: “Social Entrepreneurship” as a keyword returns 92 cases. Results can be sorted
OIKOS PH.D. SUMMER ACADEMY by relevance, publication date, and popularity among faculty. Links help to find a collection of materials,
Oikos International (Europe) including brief cases, multimedia cases, and cases for undergraduates or executive education.
www.oikos-international.org/academic/phd/
The annual Oikos Ph.D. Summer Academy provides Ph.D. students in the field of management and sustainability a UNIVERSITY NETWORK FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
platform to present and discuss their ongoing research projects with fellow students and senior faculty. The topics – NOW ASHOKA U
vary for the Oikos Ph.D. Summer Academy each year. The event aims to advance academic research, build networks www.universitynetwork.org is now www. ashokau.org
across disciplinary boundaries and to prepare the ground for research that is highly relevant for theoretical and
practical solutions for scaling up the pace of societal adaptation towards ecological boundaries of the planet. To The University Network for Social Entrepreneurship was started in 2005 to work with professors and
stimulate impact oriented mutual learning we aim to attract both advanced researchers and promising young Ph.D. researchers, practitioners and students to develop social entrepreneurship as a vocation and to carry its
students presenting conceptual works in progress. Feedback is provided by fellow students and three internationally principles into other disciplines and sectors. The University Network served as the platform for Ashoka U
well-reputed researchers. and now exists in that format. The Ashoka U website includes a resource section with a diversity of links
and information useful for educators.
C. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS, MAJORS, MINORS AND CERTIFICATES
University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed
Arizona State University US Certificate in Social Entrepreneurship X X Lynchburg University US Social Entrepreneurshipand Civic Engagement X
Ateneo de Manila
Marquette University US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
University Phillipines Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia X X
Babson College US Lewis Institute for Social Innovation X Miami University US Center for Social Entrepreneurship X
National University Center for Social Entrepreneurship

Belmont University US Bachelor of Social Entrepreneurship X X
of Singapore Singapore and Philanthropy X
New York University US Stewart Satter Program in Social Entrepreneurship, Social
Berea College US Entrepreneurship for the Public Good X X Innovation & Impact Specialization, Reynolds Fellowship in
Social Entrepreneurship X X X X
Bocconi University Italy Social Entrepreneurship and North Carolina University US Minor in Entrepreneurship,
Philanthropy Management X Social Entrepreneurship Track
Brigham Young University US Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program X X Northeastern University US Social Enterprise at Kellog School of Management X X
Brown University US Social Innovation Initiative X Pace University US Wilson Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X
Case Western Penn State University US Humanitarian Engineering and

Reserve University US Fowler Center For Sustainable Value X Social Entrepreneurship Program X X
Clark University US MBA in Social Change X X
Pepperdine University US Social Entrepreneurship Program X
College of the Atlantic US Sustainable Business Program X

Roberts Wesleyan College US Management & Social Entrepreneurship X
Colorado State University US Global Social and Sustainable

Roskilde University Denmark Center for Socialt Entreprenørskab X
Enterprise Masters X
Columbia University US Social Enterprise Program X
Samford University US Social Entrepreneurship Minor X
Copenhagen Business Denmark Social Entrepreneurship and

Santa Clara University US Global Social Benefit Incubator X X
School Not-for-Profit Management X
Creighton University US Social Entrepreneurship Minor X X Sewanee, The University
of the South US Social Entrepreneurship Education Program X
Duke University US Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship, Southeast Asia Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Organization
Entrepreneurial Leadership Initiative X X Interdisciplinary Institute Phillipines Development in Social Entrepreneurship X
Elon University US Social Entrepreneurship Scholars Program X Stanford University US The Executive Program in Social Entrepreneurship X X X
ESSEC France Institute for Social Innovation Sterling University US McVay Social Entrepreneurship Center X
and Social Entrepreneurship X
George Mason University US Entrepreneurship minor with Tata Institute for
emphasis on Social Entrepreneurship X X Social Sciences India MA in Social Entrepreneurship X
Glasgow Caledonian The New School US MA Specialization in Social Entrepreneurship X
University Scotland Postgraduate Certificate in Social Enterprise X
Gordon College US Nonprofit Organization Management Trinity International Master of Arts in Cultural Engagement,
and Social Entrepreneurship Minor X University US Emphasis in Social Entrepreneurship X
Hult International Tulane University US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
Business School Multiple Master in Social Entrepreneurship X
Harvard University US Social Enterprise Initiative and Reynolds
Universidad de Los Andes Colombia Program on Social Initiatives X
Fellowship in Social Entrepreneurship X
Indiana University US Social Entrepreneurship: Nonprofit
University College Cork Ireland MBS in Co-operative and Social Enterprise X
and Public Benefit Organizations X
Instituto de Empresa MBA on Management &
University of Alberta Canada Canadian Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X
Business School Venezuela Social Entrepreneurship X
Keio University Japan Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X University of Barcelona Spain Master’s Degree in Social Economy and Management of Non-Profit
Organizations, Centro de Investigación de Economía y Sociedad (CIES) X
Liverpool John Moores University of Cambridge UK Masters Degree in Social Enterprise
University UK MA Social Enterprise Management X X and Community Development X
C. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS, MAJORS, MINORS AND CERTIFICATES
University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed
Arizona State University US Certificate in Social Entrepreneurship X X Lynchburg University US Social Entrepreneurshipand Civic Engagement X
Ateneo de Manila
Marquette University US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
University Phillipines Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia X X
Babson College US Lewis Institute for Social Innovation X Miami University US Center for Social Entrepreneurship X
National University Center for Social Entrepreneurship

Belmont University US Bachelor of Social Entrepreneurship X X
of Singapore Singapore and Philanthropy X
New York University US Stewart Satter Program in Social Entrepreneurship, Social
Berea College US Entrepreneurship for the Public Good X X Innovation & Impact Specialization, Reynolds Fellowship in
Social Entrepreneurship X X X X
Bocconi University Italy Social Entrepreneurship and North Carolina University US Minor in Entrepreneurship,
Philanthropy Management X Social Entrepreneurship Track
Brigham Young University US Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program X X Northeastern University US Social Enterprise at Kellog School of Management X X
Brown University US Social Innovation Initiative X Pace University US Wilson Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X
Case Western Penn State University US Humanitarian Engineering and

Reserve University US Fowler Center For Sustainable Value X Social Entrepreneurship Program X X
Clark University US MBA in Social Change X X
Pepperdine University US Social Entrepreneurship Program X
College of the Atlantic US Sustainable Business Program X

Roberts Wesleyan College US Management & Social Entrepreneurship X
Colorado State University US Global Social and Sustainable

Roskilde University Denmark Center for Socialt Entreprenørskab X
Enterprise Masters X
Columbia University US Social Enterprise Program X
Samford University US Social Entrepreneurship Minor X
Copenhagen Business Denmark Social Entrepreneurship and

Santa Clara University US Global Social Benefit Incubator X X
School Not-for-Profit Management X
Creighton University US Social Entrepreneurship Minor X X Sewanee, The University
of the South US Social Entrepreneurship Education Program X
Duke University US Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship, Southeast Asia Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Organization
Entrepreneurial Leadership Initiative X X Interdisciplinary Institute Phillipines Development in Social Entrepreneurship X
Elon University US Social Entrepreneurship Scholars Program X Stanford University US The Executive Program in Social Entrepreneurship X X X
ESSEC France Institute for Social Innovation Sterling University US McVay Social Entrepreneurship Center X
and Social Entrepreneurship X
George Mason University US Entrepreneurship minor with Tata Institute for
emphasis on Social Entrepreneurship X X Social Sciences India MA in Social Entrepreneurship X
Glasgow Caledonian The New School US MA Specialization in Social Entrepreneurship X
University Scotland Postgraduate Certificate in Social Enterprise X
Gordon College US Nonprofit Organization Management Trinity International Master of Arts in Cultural Engagement,
and Social Entrepreneurship Minor X University US Emphasis in Social Entrepreneurship X
Hult International Tulane University US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
Business School Multiple Master in Social Entrepreneurship X
Harvard University US Social Enterprise Initiative and Reynolds
Universidad de Los Andes Colombia Program on Social Initiatives X
Fellowship in Social Entrepreneurship X
Indiana University US Social Entrepreneurship: Nonprofit
University College Cork Ireland MBS in Co-operative and Social Enterprise X
and Public Benefit Organizations X
Instituto de Empresa MBA on Management &
University of Alberta Canada Canadian Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X
Business School Venezuela Social Entrepreneurship X
Keio University Japan Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X University of Barcelona Spain Master’s Degree in Social Economy and Management of Non-Profit
Organizations, Centro de Investigación de Economía y Sociedad (CIES) X
Liverpool John Moores University of Cambridge UK Masters Degree in Social Enterprise
University UK MA Social Enterprise Management X X and Community Development X
University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed
University of Capetown South Africa Graduate School of Business X X
The University College of
the Caribbean Jamaica Institute of Social Entrepreneurship and Equity X X
University of Colorado
at Boulder US Sustainable Venturing Initiative X X
University of East London UK MA Social Enterprise: Development and Management X X
University of Maine, Bachelor of Arts: Interdisciplinary Studies,
Farmington US Social Enterprise X
University of Maryland US Center for Social Value Creation X
University of Michigan US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
University of Navarra Spain Platform for Strategy and Sustainability X

University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill US Center for Sustainable Enterprise X
University of Northampton UK MA Social Enterprise Management X X
University of Nottingham UK MSc Social Entrepreneurship X X
University of Notre Dame US Social/Micro Venturing Program X X
University of Oxford UK Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X X
University of Pretoria SouthAfrica GIBS Social Entrepreneurship Certificate Programme X X
University of San Diego US Center for Peace & Commerce X

University of Sao Paulo Brazil Centre for Entrepreneurship and Administration
in Third Sector X X
University of Surrey UK MSc in Critical and Social Enterprise X
University of the Pacific US Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X

The University of Texas
at Austin US RGK Social Entrepreneurship Program
University of the
West Indies Jamaica Office of Social Entrepreneurship X X
Yale University US Program in Social Enterprise
Wake Forest University US Interdisciplinary Minor in Entrepreneurship
and Social Enterprise X X
Washington University Brown School of Social Work,
in Saint Louis US Specialization in Social Entrepreneurship X
University Country Program Name Center/Program Masters Major Minor Certificate Exec Ed
University of Capetown South Africa Graduate School of Business X X
The University College of
the Caribbean Jamaica Institute of Social Entrepreneurship and Equity X X
University of Colorado
at Boulder US Sustainable Venturing Initiative X X
University of East London UK MA Social Enterprise: Development and Management X X
University of Maine, Bachelor of Arts: Interdisciplinary Studies,
Farmington US Social Enterprise X
University of Maryland US Center for Social Value Creation X
University of Michigan US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X
University of Navarra Spain Platform for Strategy and Sustainability X

University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill US Center for Sustainable Enterprise X
University of Northampton UK MA Social Enterprise Management X X
University of Nottingham UK MSc Social Entrepreneurship X X
University of Notre Dame US Social/Micro Venturing Program X X
University of Oxford UK Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X X
University of Pretoria SouthAfrica GIBS Social Entrepreneurship Certificate Programme X X
University of San Diego US Center for Peace & Commerce X

University of Sao Paulo Brazil Centre for Entrepreneurship and Administration
in Third Sector X X
University of Surrey UK MSc in Critical and Social Enterprise X
University of the Pacific US Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X

The University of Texas
at Austin US RGK Social Entrepreneurship Program
University of the
West Indies Jamaica Office of Social Entrepreneurship X X
Yale University US Program in Social Enterprise
Wake Forest University US Interdisciplinary Minor in Entrepreneurship
and Social Enterprise X X
Washington University Brown School of Social Work,
in Saint Louis US Specialization in Social Entrepreneurship X
D. CASE STUDY EXAMPLES PROJECT IMPACT: THE AFFORDABLE HEARING AID PROJECT
These highlighted case studies are particularly recommended for use in social entrepreneurship courses based Authors: E. Cordes, Johanna Mair
on an area of interest. At the conclusion of this section you will find a more robust list of case studies that are Publisher: IESE Business School
used in social entrepreneurship classrooms.
This case introduces David Green, a social entrepreneur with the mission of making advanced medical
technology affordable and available to those in the developing world. It describes the growth and success of
EDUCATION projects to develop, manufacture and distribute low-cost hearing aids and other basic medical technology in
India and presents a direct contrast to the traditional maximum profit model of the medical industry.
HARLEM CHILDREN’S ZONE: DRIVING PERFORMANCE WITH
MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION
Authors: Allen Grossman, Daniel F. Curran
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing EMPLOYMENT/SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
Geoffrey Canada, CEO of the Harlem Children’s Zone, wanted his organization to grow dramatically to reach UPWARDLY GLOBAL: BUILDING A MODEL FOR ASSISTING
thousands of poor and underserved children in Harlem. The agency ran a variety of successful social service IMMIGRANT PROFESSIONALS
programs throughout New York City that were separately funded and ran independently of each other. In Author: Howard Husock
2000, Canada led the organization through an ambitious planning process, promising that within 10 years, Publisher: Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University
its new integrated program would reach $46 million in revenues, serve 24,000 people, and expand to an area
three times the size of its current zone. But the plan required the agency to change its management structure, This social entrepreneurship case focuses on the start-up and first four years of Upwardly Global, a San
measurement systems, and program goals drastically. Francisco-based nonprofit founded to help place immigrant professionals in jobs commensurate with their levels
of skill and education. The case tells the story of “UpGlo” founder Jane Leu, describing how she reached the
conclusion that both government-funded refugee aid programs and private sector job placement firms were failing
TEACH FOR AMERICA immigrants with professional backgrounds. The case describes the business model developed by Leu and traces
Authors: John C. Sawhill, Sarah Thorp the organization’s successful emergence as a free-standing entity, supported by a combination of philanthropic
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing grants and corporate and individual fees. The case is designed to be used to explore the “invention” phase of
social entrepreneurship, allowing for discussion of the variety of organizational types and strategies that an
On the eve of Teach For America’s tenth reunion, Wendy Kopp, the 32-year-old founder and leader of the
entrepreneur might consider (e.g., advocacy versus service provision) and even such basic issues as how one
national teacher corps, is considering how to increase the impact of the organization. To date, the organization has
can be certain that an idea is worth pursuing.
placed 5,000 teachers in under-resourced public schools. Kopp wonders how to expand the corps – both in size
and scope – without compromising the quality of the teachers and the entrepreneurial culture of the organization.
Critical to this endeavor is understanding how to leverage her resources appropriately. APPALACHIAN BY DESIGN
Authors: Diane Lynch, Barbara Elliott, Debbi D. Brock
Publisher: Caseplace.org
HEALTH Appalachian By Design developed a social enterprise to creatively address the isolation and lack of job
opportunities that have been a persistent problem in rural Appalachia, particularly for women. The organization
A NEW MODEL FOR THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: introduced a trade into the region, machine knitting, because of market opportunities and built the infrastructure
THE INSTITUTE OF ONEWORLD HEALTH to support it; including a technical knitting apprenticeship, a distributed production network, and a national
Authors: Johanna Mair, O. Schoen marketing program. This award winning case explores how an enterprise with an embedded social mission
Publisher: IESE Business School navigated shifting economic and market conditions to achieve its goals. Comprehensive teacher’s notes are
available with the case study.
This case introduces the Institute of OneWorld Health (IOWH), a company dedicated to producing drugs for
neglected diseases and the first nonprofit pharmaceutical company in the world. Founded in 2000 by Dr.
Victoria Hale, IOWH took expired and donated patent compounds and developed them through all the stages
of clinical testing and approval into drugs to fight the world’s most destructive diseases, usually occurring in
developing countries where perceived profitable markets did not yet exist.
D. CASE STUDY EXAMPLES PROJECT IMPACT: THE AFFORDABLE HEARING AID PROJECT
These highlighted case studies are particularly recommended for use in social entrepreneurship courses based Authors: E. Cordes, Johanna Mair
on an area of interest. At the conclusion of this section you will find a more robust list of case studies that are Publisher: IESE Business School
used in social entrepreneurship classrooms.
This case introduces David Green, a social entrepreneur with the mission of making advanced medical
technology affordable and available to those in the developing world. It describes the growth and success of
EDUCATION projects to develop, manufacture and distribute low-cost hearing aids and other basic medical technology in
India and presents a direct contrast to the traditional maximum profit model of the medical industry.
HARLEM CHILDREN’S ZONE: DRIVING PERFORMANCE WITH
MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION
Authors: Allen Grossman, Daniel F. Curran
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing EMPLOYMENT/SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
Geoffrey Canada, CEO of the Harlem Children’s Zone, wanted his organization to grow dramatically to reach UPWARDLY GLOBAL: BUILDING A MODEL FOR ASSISTING
thousands of poor and underserved children in Harlem. The agency ran a variety of successful social service IMMIGRANT PROFESSIONALS
programs throughout New York City that were separately funded and ran independently of each other. In Author: Howard Husock
2000, Canada led the organization through an ambitious planning process, promising that within 10 years, Publisher: Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University
its new integrated program would reach $46 million in revenues, serve 24,000 people, and expand to an area
three times the size of its current zone. But the plan required the agency to change its management structure, This social entrepreneurship case focuses on the start-up and first four years of Upwardly Global, a San
measurement systems, and program goals drastically. Francisco-based nonprofit founded to help place immigrant professionals in jobs commensurate with their levels
of skill and education. The case tells the story of “UpGlo” founder Jane Leu, describing how she reached the
conclusion that both government-funded refugee aid programs and private sector job placement firms were failing
TEACH FOR AMERICA immigrants with professional backgrounds. The case describes the business model developed by Leu and traces
Authors: John C. Sawhill, Sarah Thorp the organization’s successful emergence as a free-standing entity, supported by a combination of philanthropic
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing grants and corporate and individual fees. The case is designed to be used to explore the “invention” phase of
social entrepreneurship, allowing for discussion of the variety of organizational types and strategies that an
On the eve of Teach For America’s tenth reunion, Wendy Kopp, the 32-year-old founder and leader of the
entrepreneur might consider (e.g., advocacy versus service provision) and even such basic issues as how one
national teacher corps, is considering how to increase the impact of the organization. To date, the organization has
can be certain that an idea is worth pursuing.
placed 5,000 teachers in under-resourced public schools. Kopp wonders how to expand the corps – both in size
and scope – without compromising the quality of the teachers and the entrepreneurial culture of the organization.
Critical to this endeavor is understanding how to leverage her resources appropriately. APPALACHIAN BY DESIGN
Authors: Diane Lynch, Barbara Elliott, Debbi D. Brock
Publisher: Caseplace.org
HEALTH Appalachian By Design developed a social enterprise to creatively address the isolation and lack of job
opportunities that have been a persistent problem in rural Appalachia, particularly for women. The organization
A NEW MODEL FOR THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: introduced a trade into the region, machine knitting, because of market opportunities and built the infrastructure
THE INSTITUTE OF ONEWORLD HEALTH to support it; including a technical knitting apprenticeship, a distributed production network, and a national
Authors: Johanna Mair, O. Schoen marketing program. This award winning case explores how an enterprise with an embedded social mission
Publisher: IESE Business School navigated shifting economic and market conditions to achieve its goals. Comprehensive teacher’s notes are
available with the case study.
This case introduces the Institute of OneWorld Health (IOWH), a company dedicated to producing drugs for
neglected diseases and the first nonprofit pharmaceutical company in the world. Founded in 2000 by Dr.
Victoria Hale, IOWH took expired and donated patent compounds and developed them through all the stages
of clinical testing and approval into drugs to fight the world’s most destructive diseases, usually occurring in
developing countries where perceived profitable markets did not yet exist.
POVERTY ALLEVIATION/INTERNATIONAL MICROFINANCE
DEVELOPMENT MUHAMMAD YUNUS AND THE GRAMEEN BANK
Author: Howard Husock
APPROTEC KENYA: TECHNOLOGIES TO FIGHT POVERTY Publisher: Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University
AND CREATE WEALTH
Author: V. Kasturi Rangan The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh created the model for large-scale “microlending” in the developing
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing world, in the process becoming an institution known and respected internationally for a creative and
effective approach to poverty alleviation. Grameen’s willingness to make extremely small loans at relatively
ApproTEC markets a range of technologies to improve the income of subsistence farmers and other modest rates of interest to borrowers without traditional forms of collateral has allowed it to reach nearly six
small-scale entrepreneurs in East Africa. Having achieved considerable success in its first eight years, the million borrowers in Bangladesh—one of the world’s poorest countries—and to serve as exemplar for other
two founders/entrepreneurs are seeking ways to scale the impact of its operations across Eastern and Southern microlenders serving the poor throughout the world. This case tells the story of how Grameen grew from
Africa. The question is: What should they do to accomplish this? Now called Kickstart, information on the a small local experiment into a major force in Bangladesh serving more than 60,000 villages. It describes
organization can be found on www.kickstart.org. the stages of that growth from a small organization staffed by volunteers to a sophisticated one with more
than 17,000 employees. The case was conceived as one which establishes a template for the evolution of an
organization from one that is philanthropically and government-supported into one that relies on operating
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP income to sustain itself.
ASHOKA: INNOVATORS FOR THE PUBLIC

Authors: William F. Meehan III, Trabian Shorters
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing ENVIRONMENT
Founded in 1980 by Bill Drayton, Ashoka is a professional organization that identifies and invests in leading WASTE CONCERN: TURNING A PROBLEM INTO A RESOURCE
social entrepreneurs globally. Analogous to a venture capital firm for social start-ups, Ashoka found and Authors: Johanna Mair and J Mitchell
supported outstanding individuals with ideas for far-reaching social change by electing them to a fellowship Publisher: IESE Business School
of social entrepreneurs. Until 1997, Ashoka focused solely on locating and supporting social entrepreneurs in As of September 2005, the co-founders of Waste Concern – an organization dedicated to improving waste
developing countries. Over the next three years, however, Ashoka entered a new stage requiring it to shed its recycling in Bangladesh – are considering making a change to their model in order to get approval from
trappings as a “global development organization.” The new mission and hiring commitment attracted leading the municipal government for a large-scale composting site. Since their inception in 1995, Waste Concern
business entrepreneurs to Ashoka for the first time, triggering unprecedented organizational growth and has followed a decentralized composting model whereby each composting site is a small-scale operation
allowing Ashoka to open for business in the U.S. This case addresses the challenges facing Ashoka in the U.S. processing three tons of organic waste per day. In this model, they have relied on land and waste supply from
the Dhaka City Council municipal government. Now, they are working with Netherlands-based World Wide
EVEN BIGGER CHANGE: A FRAMEWORK FOR GETTING STARTED Recycling BV to set up a 700 ton per day composting plant which will enable them to earn tradable certificates
AT CHANGING THE WORLD for USD $11 per ton of reduced methane gas, making it the first in the world to garner credits through
Authors: Rosabeth Moss Kanter composting waste under the United Nations Clean Development Mechanism.
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing
This case presents a framework for leading change in institutions or society, showing leaders how to manage
political, economic, or social change by mapping their targets (policy, programs, or people/culture) and
choice of action vehicle (single organizations or coalitions of organizations).
POVERTY ALLEVIATION/INTERNATIONAL MICROFINANCE
DEVELOPMENT MUHAMMAD YUNUS AND THE GRAMEEN BANK
Author: Howard Husock
APPROTEC KENYA: TECHNOLOGIES TO FIGHT POVERTY Publisher: Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University
AND CREATE WEALTH
Author: V. Kasturi Rangan The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh created the model for large-scale “microlending” in the developing
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing world, in the process becoming an institution known and respected internationally for a creative and
effective approach to poverty alleviation. Grameen’s willingness to make extremely small loans at relatively
ApproTEC markets a range of technologies to improve the income of subsistence farmers and other modest rates of interest to borrowers without traditional forms of collateral has allowed it to reach nearly six
small-scale entrepreneurs in East Africa. Having achieved considerable success in its first eight years, the million borrowers in Bangladesh—one of the world’s poorest countries—and to serve as exemplar for other
two founders/entrepreneurs are seeking ways to scale the impact of its operations across Eastern and Southern microlenders serving the poor throughout the world. This case tells the story of how Grameen grew from
Africa. The question is: What should they do to accomplish this? Now called Kickstart, information on the a small local experiment into a major force in Bangladesh serving more than 60,000 villages. It describes
organization can be found on www.kickstart.org. the stages of that growth from a small organization staffed by volunteers to a sophisticated one with more
than 17,000 employees. The case was conceived as one which establishes a template for the evolution of an
organization from one that is philanthropically and government-supported into one that relies on operating
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP income to sustain itself.

Authors: William F. Meehan III, Trabian Shorters
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing ENVIRONMENT
Founded in 1980 by Bill Drayton, Ashoka is a professional organization that identifies and invests in leading WASTE CONCERN: TURNING A PROBLEM INTO A RESOURCE
social entrepreneurs globally. Analogous to a venture capital firm for social start-ups, Ashoka found and Authors: Johanna Mair and J Mitchell
supported outstanding individuals with ideas for far-reaching social change by electing them to a fellowship Publisher: IESE Business School
of social entrepreneurs. Until 1997, Ashoka focused solely on locating and supporting social entrepreneurs in As of September 2005, the co-founders of Waste Concern – an organization dedicated to improving waste
developing countries. Over the next three years, however, Ashoka entered a new stage requiring it to shed its recycling in Bangladesh – are considering making a change to their model in order to get approval from
trappings as a “global development organization.” The new mission and hiring commitment attracted leading the municipal government for a large-scale composting site. Since their inception in 1995, Waste Concern
business entrepreneurs to Ashoka for the first time, triggering unprecedented organizational growth and has followed a decentralized composting model whereby each composting site is a small-scale operation
allowing Ashoka to open for business in the U.S. This case addresses the challenges facing Ashoka in the U.S. processing three tons of organic waste per day. In this model, they have relied on land and waste supply from
the Dhaka City Council municipal government. Now, they are working with Netherlands-based World Wide
EVEN BIGGER CHANGE: A FRAMEWORK FOR GETTING STARTED Recycling BV to set up a 700 ton per day composting plant which will enable them to earn tradable certificates
AT CHANGING THE WORLD for USD $11 per ton of reduced methane gas, making it the first in the world to garner credits through
Authors: Rosabeth Moss Kanter composting waste under the United Nations Clean Development Mechanism.
Publisher: Harvard Business School Publishing
This case presents a framework for leading change in institutions or society, showing leaders how to manage
political, economic, or social change by mapping their targets (policy, programs, or people/culture) and
choice of action vehicle (single organizations or coalitions of organizations).
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CASES
CASE TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUBLISHER FOCUS AREA
A New Model for the Pharmaceutical Industry: E. MULTIMEDIA TEACHING RESOURCES
The Institute of One World Health Johanna Mair, O. Schoen IESE Health Multimedia teaching resources can enhance classroom and workshop learning by bringing to life the stories,
successes and challenges of social entrepreneurs. Online platforms connect students, professors and
Appalachian by Design Diane Lynch, Barbara Elliott,
practitioners of social entrepreneurship to each other for a rich exchange of ideas and solutions.
Debbi D. Brock Caseplace Employment
ApproTEC Kenya: Technologies to Fight Poverty
and Create Wealth V. Kasturi Rangan HBS Employment VIDEOS AND FILMS
Aravind Eye Hospital 2000: Still in Service for Sight Nirmalya Kumar, Brian Rogers IMD Healthcare UNCOMMON HEROES SHORT FILM SERIES
www.skollfoundation.org/approach/storytelling/
Ashoka: Innovators for the Public William Meehan III,Trabian Shorters HBS Social Entrepreneurship Run Time: 5-7 minutes
Format: Live Stream
Manchester Craftsmen’s Guild and Microfinance, Cost: Free
Bidwell Training Center: Governing SE John A. Quelch HBS Technology
College Summit: Rethinking the Relationship Stacey Childress, From February to April 2010, BBC World News featured a new weekly television series by the award-winning
Between Growth and Impact Geoff Marietta HBS Education production house RockhopperTV that highlighted the work of eight senior social entrepreneurs around
the globe. Entitled Alvin’s Guide to Good Business, the series follows finance guru Alvin Hall as he visits
Committee for Democracy in
a different social entrepreneur each week, probing their business model, examining the potential impact of
Information Technology (CDI) Johanna Mair, Serges Verges IESE Technology
their work and exploring the challenges to scaling their innovation. Featured organizations include Riders for
Honey Care Africa: A Tripartite Model Health, IDE-India, Marine Stewardship Council, Apopo, Partners in Health, Friends International, Camfed
for Sustainable Beekeeping Branzei Oana, M. Valente IVEY Agriculture and Kiva. The series was produced by RockhopperTV in partnership with the Skoll Foundation and was
KaBOOM! James E. Austin, Jose Miguel Porraz HBS Community Development commissioned by BBC World News, the 24-hour commercial news and public affairs channel of the BBC.
The series also aired on several major airlines including British Airways, Delta, American and
Virgin America.
Project Impact: The Affordable Hearing Aid Project E. Cordes, Johanna Mair IESE Healthcare
Pura Vida Coffee James E. Austin, Allen Grossman HBS Fair Trade CORNELL’S ECLIPS COLLECTION
http://eclips.cornell.edu
Run Time: 2-5 min
Social Entrepreneurship: Kiva David P. Baron Stanford Microfinance
Format: Live Stream
Social Entrepreneurs: Cost: Free
Correcting Market Failures (A & B) James A. Phillis, Lyn Denend Stanford Healthcare
Cornell eClips is a resource for students and educators, and includes a collection on Social Entrepreneurship.
Trevor Field and the PlayPumps of Africa Debapratim Purkayastha IBS Hyderabad Water, Health The clips are short, focused videos from interviews and presentations by social entrepreneurs, including
Khanjan Mehta, Mashavu Project; Jessica Flannery, Kiva; Bena Burda, Maggie’s Organics; Katie Lucchesi
The Freeplay Energy Group and Foundation Emma Coles, Johanna Mair IESE Energy and Chaun Sims, Bright Light Innovations; Mo Ibrahi, Investing in Africa; and many more. Clips can be
downloaded for use in class or can be used in assignments outside of class. Topics covered include issues with
defining social entrepreneurship, the role of mission and vision, and creating a sustainable business model
The Sekem Initiative Seelos Christian, Johanna Mair IESE Holistic Development
with a social bottom line.
Vartana: The Creation of a Bank for
Canada’s Civil Society Sector Kenneth G. Hardy, Ryan Little HBS Banking DEUTSCHE WELLE’S PORTRAITS OF 25 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
www.dw-world.de/dw/0,,12046,00.html
Waste Concern: Turning a Problem into a Resource Johanna Mair and J Mitchell IES Environment
Run Time: 5-10 min
Format: Live Stream/Download
Wendy Koop and Teach for America (A) John C. Sawhill, Sarah Thorp HBS Education
Cost: Free
* The cases were researched by Debbi D. Brock, Anderson University and Susan Steiner, the University of Tampa.
In cooperation with the Schwab Foundation, which honors social entrepreneurs all over the world,
CODES: Global 3000 features short videos on many extraordinary social entrepreneurs, including the past
HBS: Harvard Business School Publishing winners of the Schwab Foundation Social Entrepreneur of the Year award.
IESE: IESE Business School
IMD: International Institute for Management Development
IVEY: Ivey Management Service, Ivey School of Business
Stanford: Stanford Graduate School of Business
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CASES
CASE TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUBLISHER FOCUS AREA
A New Model for the Pharmaceutical Industry: E. MULTIMEDIA TEACHING RESOURCES
The Institute of One World Health Johanna Mair, O. Schoen IESE Health Multimedia teaching resources can enhance classroom and workshop learning by bringing to life the stories,
successes and challenges of social entrepreneurs. Online platforms connect students, professors and
Appalachian by Design Diane Lynch, Barbara Elliott,
practitioners of social entrepreneurship to each other for a rich exchange of ideas and solutions.
Debbi D. Brock Caseplace Employment
ApproTEC Kenya: Technologies to Fight Poverty
and Create Wealth V. Kasturi Rangan HBS Employment VIDEOS AND FILMS
Aravind Eye Hospital 2000: Still in Service for Sight Nirmalya Kumar, Brian Rogers IMD Healthcare UNCOMMON HEROES SHORT FILM SERIES
www.skollfoundation.org/approach/storytelling/
Ashoka: Innovators for the Public William Meehan III,Trabian Shorters HBS Social Entrepreneurship Run Time: 5-7 minutes
Format: Live Stream
Manchester Craftsmen’s Guild and Microfinance, Cost: Free
Bidwell Training Center: Governing SE John A. Quelch HBS Technology
College Summit: Rethinking the Relationship Stacey Childress, From February to April 2010, BBC World News featured a new weekly television series by the award-winning
Between Growth and Impact Geoff Marietta HBS Education production house RockhopperTV that highlighted the work of eight senior social entrepreneurs around
the globe. Entitled Alvin’s Guide to Good Business, the series follows finance guru Alvin Hall as he visits
Committee for Democracy in
a different social entrepreneur each week, probing their business model, examining the potential impact of
Information Technology (CDI) Johanna Mair, Serges Verges IESE Technology
their work and exploring the challenges to scaling their innovation. Featured organizations include Riders for
Honey Care Africa: A Tripartite Model Health, IDE-India, Marine Stewardship Council, Apopo, Partners in Health, Friends International, Camfed
for Sustainable Beekeeping Branzei Oana, M. Valente IVEY Agriculture and Kiva. The series was produced by RockhopperTV in partnership with the Skoll Foundation and was
KaBOOM! James E. Austin, Jose Miguel Porraz HBS Community Development commissioned by BBC World News, the 24-hour commercial news and public affairs channel of the BBC.
The series also aired on several major airlines including British Airways, Delta, American and
Virgin America.
Project Impact: The Affordable Hearing Aid Project E. Cordes, Johanna Mair IESE Healthcare
Pura Vida Coffee James E. Austin, Allen Grossman HBS Fair Trade CORNELL’S ECLIPS COLLECTION
http://eclips.cornell.edu
Run Time: 2-5 min
Social Entrepreneurship: Kiva David P. Baron Stanford Microfinance
Format: Live Stream
Social Entrepreneurs: Cost: Free
Correcting Market Failures (A & B) James A. Phillis, Lyn Denend Stanford Healthcare
Cornell eClips is a resource for students and educators, and includes a collection on Social Entrepreneurship.
Trevor Field and the PlayPumps of Africa Debapratim Purkayastha IBS Hyderabad Water, Health The clips are short, focused videos from interviews and presentations by social entrepreneurs, including
Khanjan Mehta, Mashavu Project; Jessica Flannery, Kiva; Bena Burda, Maggie’s Organics; Katie Lucchesi
The Freeplay Energy Group and Foundation Emma Coles, Johanna Mair IESE Energy and Chaun Sims, Bright Light Innovations; Mo Ibrahi, Investing in Africa; and many more. Clips can be
downloaded for use in class or can be used in assignments outside of class. Topics covered include issues with
defining social entrepreneurship, the role of mission and vision, and creating a sustainable business model
The Sekem Initiative Seelos Christian, Johanna Mair IESE Holistic Development
with a social bottom line.
Vartana: The Creation of a Bank for
Canada’s Civil Society Sector Kenneth G. Hardy, Ryan Little HBS Banking DEUTSCHE WELLE’S PORTRAITS OF 25 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
www.dw-world.de/dw/0,,12046,00.html
Waste Concern: Turning a Problem into a Resource Johanna Mair and J Mitchell IES Environment
Run Time: 5-10 min
Format: Live Stream/Download
Wendy Koop and Teach for America (A) John C. Sawhill, Sarah Thorp HBS Education
Cost: Free
* The cases were researched by Debbi D. Brock, Anderson University and Susan Steiner, the University of Tampa.
In cooperation with the Schwab Foundation, which honors social entrepreneurs all over the world,
CODES: Global 3000 features short videos on many extraordinary social entrepreneurs, including the past
HBS: Harvard Business School Publishing winners of the Schwab Foundation Social Entrepreneur of the Year award.
IESE: IESE Business School
IMD: International Institute for Management Development
IVEY: Ivey Management Service, Ivey School of Business
Stanford: Stanford Graduate School of Business
EDUCATORS CORNER ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCES PBS NEWSHOUR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP REPORTING
http://edcorner.stanford.edu www.pbs.org/newshour/indepth_coverage/social_issues/social_ent/
Run Time: 1-5 minutes Run Time: 6-8 min
Format: Live Stream Format: Live Stream
Cost: Free Cost: Free
The Stanford Technology Ventures Program (STVP) Entrepreneurship Corner is a free online archive of Funded by Skoll Foundation, the PBS NewsHour produces an ongoing series of broadcast and online reports
entrepreneurship resources for teaching and learning. The mission of the project is to support and encourage examining the impact of U.S. and international social entrepreneurs and their work. In 2008, the reporting
faculty around the world who teach entrepreneurship to future scientists and engineers, as well as those in focused on a wide variety of social entrepreneurs, ranging from the Women’s Bean Project in Denver,
management and other disciplines. The site includes videos about social entrepreneurship featuring Kavita Colorado, to the work of Bunker Roy, founder of the Barefoot College in Northern India. In 2009, the PBS
Ramdas from Global Fund for Women, venture capitalist VInod Khosla who discusses microfinance, and NewsHour continued its reporting, but placed a greater emphasis on covering social entrepreneurs working to
Guy Kawasaki from Garage.com who talks about “Make Meaning”. address challenges connected with “urgent global threats,” such as climate change, water scarcity, food security,
pandemics and poverty. Going forward the PBS NewsHour will organize its social entrepreneurship reporting
ENTERPRISING IDEAS around “scalability,” meaning that reports will focus on innovative and effective individuals whose current
www.pbs.org/now/enterprisingideas/ work – and working models – have the potential to be applied more broadly to solve large and pressing global
Run Time: 25-30 min issues. A detailed story archive, full length video reports and printed transcripts of all PBS NewsHour social
Format: Live Stream entrepreneurship reporting is available online.
Cost: Free
SKOLL WORLD FORUM
Funded by the PBS Foundation Social Entrepreneurship Fund and the Skoll Foundation, Enterprising Ideas www.skollworldforum.com
is a PBS website associated with NOW on PBS that features social entrepreneurial news, inspirations and Run Time: Varies
tools. While NOW has gone off the air, PBS is maintaining (though not updating) the web site, which profiles Format: Live Stream
innovative projects and links to 18 broadcast shows profiling social entrepreneurs, including JB Schramm, Cost: Free
founder of College Summit. The website provides helpful online tips and tools and resources to get started on
The Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurship is a yearly conference held at the Saïd Business School,
or engage with a social venture.
Oxford University in England that accelerates the impact of the world’s leading social entrepreneurs by uniting
them with essential partners in a collaborative pursuit of learning, leverage and large scale social change. Past
FRONTLINE/ WORLD SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS SERIES guests have included Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Nobel Peace Prize winners Muhammad Yunus and
www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/socialentrepreneurs.html Al Gore, environmentalist Paul Hawken, Partners in Health Co-Founder Paul Farmer and more. The website
Run Time: 10-20 min has video highlights from speakers, panelists and performers, as well as podcasts of the entire conference.
Format: Live Stream
Cost: Free
SUNDANCE STORIES OF CHANGE PROGRAM
From the first season, FRONTLINE/World has searched for stories about people who innovate in ways that www.sundance.org/programs/creative-partnerships/#skoll
truly transform our interconnected world. This site features 18 stories of people whose ideas and organizations Run Time: Varies
create new and sustainable markets and services that benefit underserved communities everywhere in the Format: Varies
developing world. Funded in part by the Skoll Foundation and the PBS Foundation Social Entrepreneurship Cost: Varies
Fund, the series includes both social entrepreneur stories and classroom activities tied to curriculum
In 2007, the Sundance Institute and the Skoll Foundation partnered to create Stories of Change: Social
standards for grades 7–12.
Entrepreneurship in Focus through Documentary, a program designed to explore the role of film in advancing
knowledge about social entrepreneurship. Through development and production grant awards, Stories
THE GOOD ENTREPRENEUR of Change supports the creation of feature-length independent documentary films that examine social
www.goodentrepreneur.com entrepreneurship as an innovative approach to the central challenges of our time. The partnership has invested
Run Time: Each episode about 45 min in 10 film projects to date, the first of which To Catch a Dollar: Muhammad Yunus Banks on America was
Format: Live Stream completed in 2009 and premiered at the Sundance Film Festival 2010.
Cost: Free
In this four-part series broadcast on CNBC in EMEA and Asia, entrepreneurs from across Europe compete
for a prize package valued at 250,000 in this series showcasing environmentally responsible business concepts.
Since the competition launched in June 2009, more than 200 entries have been whittled down to just three
finalists. The series follows each finalist on a journey of discovery as they meet mentors, challengers and
academics – all accomplished business experts who are on hand to offer advice and identify the strengths and
weaknesses of their proposals.
EDUCATORS CORNER ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCES PBS NEWSHOUR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP REPORTING
http://edcorner.stanford.edu www.pbs.org/newshour/indepth_coverage/social_issues/social_ent/
Run Time: 1-5 minutes Run Time: 6-8 min
Format: Live Stream Format: Live Stream
Cost: Free Cost: Free
The Stanford Technology Ventures Program (STVP) Entrepreneurship Corner is a free online archive of Funded by Skoll Foundation, the PBS NewsHour produces an ongoing series of broadcast and online reports
entrepreneurship resources for teaching and learning. The mission of the project is to support and encourage examining the impact of U.S. and international social entrepreneurs and their work. In 2008, the reporting
faculty around the world who teach entrepreneurship to future scientists and engineers, as well as those in focused on a wide variety of social entrepreneurs, ranging from the Women’s Bean Project in Denver,
management and other disciplines. The site includes videos about social entrepreneurship featuring Kavita Colorado, to the work of Bunker Roy, founder of the Barefoot College in Northern India. In 2009, the PBS
Ramdas from Global Fund for Women, venture capitalist VInod Khosla who discusses microfinance, and NewsHour continued its reporting, but placed a greater emphasis on covering social entrepreneurs working to
Guy Kawasaki from Garage.com who talks about “Make Meaning”. address challenges connected with “urgent global threats,” such as climate change, water scarcity, food security,
pandemics and poverty. Going forward the PBS NewsHour will organize its social entrepreneurship reporting
ENTERPRISING IDEAS around “scalability,” meaning that reports will focus on innovative and effective individuals whose current
www.pbs.org/now/enterprisingideas/ work – and working models – have the potential to be applied more broadly to solve large and pressing global
Run Time: 25-30 min issues. A detailed story archive, full length video reports and printed transcripts of all PBS NewsHour social
Format: Live Stream entrepreneurship reporting is available online.
Cost: Free
SKOLL WORLD FORUM
Funded by the PBS Foundation Social Entrepreneurship Fund and the Skoll Foundation, Enterprising Ideas www.skollworldforum.com
is a PBS website associated with NOW on PBS that features social entrepreneurial news, inspirations and Run Time: Varies
tools. While NOW has gone off the air, PBS is maintaining (though not updating) the web site, which profiles Format: Live Stream
innovative projects and links to 18 broadcast shows profiling social entrepreneurs, including JB Schramm, Cost: Free
founder of College Summit. The website provides helpful online tips and tools and resources to get started on
The Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurship is a yearly conference held at the Saïd Business School,
or engage with a social venture.
Oxford University in England that accelerates the impact of the world’s leading social entrepreneurs by uniting
them with essential partners in a collaborative pursuit of learning, leverage and large scale social change. Past
FRONTLINE/ WORLD SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS SERIES guests have included Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Nobel Peace Prize winners Muhammad Yunus and
www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/socialentrepreneurs.html Al Gore, environmentalist Paul Hawken, Partners in Health Co-Founder Paul Farmer and more. The website
Run Time: 10-20 min has video highlights from speakers, panelists and performers, as well as podcasts of the entire conference.
Format: Live Stream
Cost: Free
SUNDANCE STORIES OF CHANGE PROGRAM
From the first season, FRONTLINE/World has searched for stories about people who innovate in ways that www.sundance.org/programs/creative-partnerships/#skoll
truly transform our interconnected world. This site features 18 stories of people whose ideas and organizations Run Time: Varies
create new and sustainable markets and services that benefit underserved communities everywhere in the Format: Varies
developing world. Funded in part by the Skoll Foundation and the PBS Foundation Social Entrepreneurship Cost: Varies
Fund, the series includes both social entrepreneur stories and classroom activities tied to curriculum
In 2007, the Sundance Institute and the Skoll Foundation partnered to create Stories of Change: Social
standards for grades 7–12.
Entrepreneurship in Focus through Documentary, a program designed to explore the role of film in advancing
knowledge about social entrepreneurship. Through development and production grant awards, Stories
THE GOOD ENTREPRENEUR of Change supports the creation of feature-length independent documentary films that examine social
www.goodentrepreneur.com entrepreneurship as an innovative approach to the central challenges of our time. The partnership has invested
Run Time: Each episode about 45 min in 10 film projects to date, the first of which To Catch a Dollar: Muhammad Yunus Banks on America was
Format: Live Stream completed in 2009 and premiered at the Sundance Film Festival 2010.
Cost: Free
In this four-part series broadcast on CNBC in EMEA and Asia, entrepreneurs from across Europe compete
for a prize package valued at 250,000 in this series showcasing environmentally responsible business concepts.
Since the competition launched in June 2009, more than 200 entries have been whittled down to just three
finalists. The series follows each finalist on a journey of discovery as they meet mentors, challengers and
academics – all accomplished business experts who are on hand to offer advice and identify the strengths and
weaknesses of their proposals.
TED: IDEAS WORTH SPREADING SOCIAL EDGE
www.ted.com www.socialedge.org
Social entrepreneurs
Run Time: 5-18 min are not content just to Social Edge, part of the Skoll network, is the global online community where
Format: Live Stream give a fish or to teach thousands of social entrepreneurs and other practitioners in the social benefit
Cost: Free how to fish. T hey will sector connect to network, learn, inspire and share best practices. Weekly
not rest until they
TED is a small nonprofit devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading. It started out (in 1984) as a conference bringing conversations highlight key issues in the field and spur discussion on critical
have revolutionized
together people from three worlds: Technology, Entertainment, and Design. Since then its scope has become topics. Blogs offer practical and inspirational information from experts and social
the fishing industry.
ever broader. Along with two annual conferences — the TED Conference in Long Beach and Palm Springs entrepreneurs. Join the Social Edge community to receive weekly highlights
each spring, and the TEDGlobal conference in Oxford, UK each summer — TED includes the award-winning ~BILL DRAYTON by email and follow @socialedge on Twitter for real-time news in social
TEDTalks video site, the Open Translation Project and Open TV Project, the inspiring TED Fellows and entrepreneurship, including deadlines for funding and award opportunities.
TEDx programs, and the annual TED Prize.
STANFORD SOCIAL INNOVATION REVIEW (SSIR)
www.ssireview.org/
AUDIO RESOURCES
Stanford Social Innovation Review is a part of the Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society at Stanford
SOCIAL INNOVATION CONVERSATIONS
University. Their mission is to share substantive insights and practical experiences that will help those who
http://sic.conversationsnetwork.org
do the most important work of improving society do it even better. SSIR seeks to strike a balance between
Run Time: 25-70 min
the pragmatic and the intellectual, to embrace no predefined political ideology, and to champion the interests
Format: Podcast
of no single constituency. Their contributors are a diverse group of world-class faculty, thought-leaders, and
Cost: Free executives. Readers are leaders in the fields of nonprofit management, corporate social responsibility, social
In these Social Innovation Conversations educational podcasts, hear how pioneers and innovators from all entrepreneurship and philanthropy.
regions and walks of life are helping our world through socially motivated businesses ranging from the smallest
and most localized efforts to large and ambitious enterprises. YOUNG INVENTORS INTERNATIONAL
www.younginventorsinternational.com
ONLINE PLATFORMS Young Inventor International’s mission is to work with leading colleges and universities, organizations,
and entrepreneurs around the world to educate student inventors and entrepreneurs on how to create new
CHANGEMAKERS
ventures, build intellectual property portfolios, and acquire transferable professional skills. There is a
www.changemakers.com
significant focus on social entrepreneurship in terms of the webinars and resources online, and all tools are
Changemakers® is a community of action that collaborates on solutions. Changemakers is a collaborative adaptable for use by social entrepreneurs and innovators. Resources include specific references to help build
space where you can talk about the issues, share stories and mentor, advise, and encourage each other in group socially responsible ventures.
forums, even engage in friendly competition. Members of the Changemakers community form surprising
connections and unexpected partnerships across the globe that turn the old ways of problem solving upside
down and try things that have never been tried before. With the mantra of “Everyone a Changemaker,”
Changemakers connects you to action. Join the Changemakers Group, a collaborative space for the whole
community to stay connected, share opportunities and reach social change goals.
DOWSER
http://dowser.org
Dowser is a media organization that reports on social innovation, focusing on the question: Who is solving
what and how? Dowser highlights creative approaches to social change in order to help people understand
how to build better communities and a better world and envisions a day in which everyone is as well-informed
about potential solutions to social problems as they are about the problems themselves.
TED: IDEAS WORTH SPREADING SOCIAL EDGE
www.ted.com www.socialedge.org
Social entrepreneurs
Run Time: 5-18 min are not content just to Social Edge, part of the Skoll network, is the global online community where
Format: Live Stream give a fish or to teach thousands of social entrepreneurs and other practitioners in the social benefit
Cost: Free how to fish. T hey will sector connect to network, learn, inspire and share best practices. Weekly
not rest until they
TED is a small nonprofit devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading. It started out (in 1984) as a conference bringing conversations highlight key issues in the field and spur discussion on critical
have revolutionized
together people from three worlds: Technology, Entertainment, and Design. Since then its scope has become topics. Blogs offer practical and inspirational information from experts and social
the fishing industry.
ever broader. Along with two annual conferences — the TED Conference in Long Beach and Palm Springs entrepreneurs. Join the Social Edge community to receive weekly highlights
each spring, and the TEDGlobal conference in Oxford, UK each summer — TED includes the award-winning ~BILL DRAYTON by email and follow @socialedge on Twitter for real-time news in social
TEDTalks video site, the Open Translation Project and Open TV Project, the inspiring TED Fellows and entrepreneurship, including deadlines for funding and award opportunities.
TEDx programs, and the annual TED Prize.
STANFORD SOCIAL INNOVATION REVIEW (SSIR)
www.ssireview.org/
AUDIO RESOURCES
Stanford Social Innovation Review is a part of the Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society at Stanford
SOCIAL INNOVATION CONVERSATIONS
University. Their mission is to share substantive insights and practical experiences that will help those who
http://sic.conversationsnetwork.org
do the most important work of improving society do it even better. SSIR seeks to strike a balance between
Run Time: 25-70 min
the pragmatic and the intellectual, to embrace no predefined political ideology, and to champion the interests
Format: Podcast
of no single constituency. Their contributors are a diverse group of world-class faculty, thought-leaders, and
Cost: Free executives. Readers are leaders in the fields of nonprofit management, corporate social responsibility, social
In these Social Innovation Conversations educational podcasts, hear how pioneers and innovators from all entrepreneurship and philanthropy.
regions and walks of life are helping our world through socially motivated businesses ranging from the smallest
and most localized efforts to large and ambitious enterprises. YOUNG INVENTORS INTERNATIONAL
www.younginventorsinternational.com
ONLINE PLATFORMS Young Inventor International’s mission is to work with leading colleges and universities, organizations,
and entrepreneurs around the world to educate student inventors and entrepreneurs on how to create new
CHANGEMAKERS
ventures, build intellectual property portfolios, and acquire transferable professional skills. There is a
www.changemakers.com
significant focus on social entrepreneurship in terms of the webinars and resources online, and all tools are
Changemakers® is a community of action that collaborates on solutions. Changemakers is a collaborative adaptable for use by social entrepreneurs and innovators. Resources include specific references to help build
space where you can talk about the issues, share stories and mentor, advise, and encourage each other in group socially responsible ventures.
forums, even engage in friendly competition. Members of the Changemakers community form surprising
connections and unexpected partnerships across the globe that turn the old ways of problem solving upside
down and try things that have never been tried before. With the mantra of “Everyone a Changemaker,”
Changemakers connects you to action. Join the Changemakers Group, a collaborative space for the whole
community to stay connected, share opportunities and reach social change goals.
DOWSER
http://dowser.org
Dowser is a media organization that reports on social innovation, focusing on the question: Who is solving
what and how? Dowser highlights creative approaches to social change in order to help people understand
how to build better communities and a better world and envisions a day in which everyone is as well-informed
about potential solutions to social problems as they are about the problems themselves.
V. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH
MIT PRESS As the field expands, we have seen a continued commitment to applied research
KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND DISCOVERY and collaborations between university and practitioner collaborations. It is
INNOVATIONS JOURNAL
Research is about knowledge creation and discovery. Harnessing the skills and talents of researchers to better our hope that research agendas based on practitioners needs and questions
Innovations journal
understand and to delve deep into specific issues to learn about the role of innovation to achieving systemic can help to advance the field. One example is the University of Colorado at
actively seeks to
change is necessary to continue the momentum. The field of social entrepreneurship has exploded with over promote and grow the Boulder, which introduced urgent questions from Ashoka Fellows to a class on
250 peer reviewed academic journal publications and edited book chapters (Brock & Steiner, 2010). field of applied social Social Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets that now forms the basis of MBA
entrepreneurship research, student research projects. Innovations Journal regularly pairs practitioners with
As the field has grown, it has seized the attention of practitioners, policy makers, journalists and academics, and pairs practitioners with academics as co-authors on papers.
amplifying the number of resources available to faculty and practitioners. When Greg Dees from Duke academics as co-authors.
University and Alex Nicholls from the University of Oxford came together to launch the first Research CORE READINGS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Colloquium on Social Entrepreneurship in 2008, they brought together leaders in the field from a variety Perhaps the most difficult part of this publication was the collection of research
of academic backgrounds with the intention of building an academic field of inquiry. Three years later, we in social entrepreneurship and decisions on what articles should be included in the core research in the field.
have two social entrepreneurship focused journals – the new Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and the This summary of core readings in social entrepreneurship started with a compilation of all the academic
Social Enterprise Journal launched in 2008. articles from business, nonprofit, social work and other fields, then culling that information to determine the
best representation of articles for both new faculty and seasoned researchers to review. We hope faculty new
ADVANCING THE FIELD to the field or those retooling for research or teaching, will find this listing of key readings useful.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL Faculty who publish articles on social entrepreneurship increase the visibility
ENTREPRENEURSHIP and standing of social entrepreneurship across the institution, and advance IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL FIND INFORMATION ON:
Launched in 2010, the legitimacy of social entrepreneurship research in higher education more
the Journal of Social A. Books and Publications on Social Entrepreneurship
broadly. Short, Moss and Lumpkin (2009) looked at 152 research articles
Entrepreneurship seeks B. Core Academic Readings in Social Entrepreneurship
published in academic peer reviewed journals over the last twenty years with
points of view from C. Journals in Social Entrepreneurship
most of the articles published in management (25%), other business (16%),
a variety of scholarly
perspectives with entrepreneurship (11%), political science (10%), and economics (9%) focused
support of rigorous journals. The first major academic journal to publish a special issue on social A CALL TO ACTION
theoretical studies. entrepreneurship research was Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice in 2010 The upcoming years promise further theory building and rigorous empirical testing, which will ultimately will
and opened the doors for more research outlets. lead to the acknowledgment of social entrepreurship as a fully-fledged field of academic inquiry. It is our hope
in collecting this information that practitioners, philanthropists, and consultants will team with academics to
While the empirical research is lagging behind, academic journals are moving away from definitional debates pave a new trail and further our understanding of and impact on this emerging field.
and case studies and into tangible evidence of the success of social entrepreneurs. According to Hidden
Agendas, over 6.6 percent of the UK population is engaged in social entrepreneurial activities (Harding, REFERENCES
2004). Whilst academics struggle to build a strong theoretical foundation for this emerging field, the doors of Brock, D.D., and Steiner. S.D. (2010). The Social Entrepreneurship Model: Building Sustainable Innovations
social entrepreneurship are open with faculty from public policy/nonprofit management fields, sciences and to Achieve Social Impact. Paper presented at the Research Colloquium on Social Entrepreneurship.
social sciences, education and others embracing the concepts at a rapid rate. We encourage faculty to look Oxford, UK, June.
beyond the traditional business and entrepreneurship literature and investigate articles in sociology, public
Short, J.C. Moss, T.W., & Lumpkin, G.T. (2009). References in the Research in Social Entrepreneurship:
policy, psychology, nonprofit management, and sustainability, among other fields, to produce a steady output
Past Contributions and Future Opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3: 161–194.
of positively received thought leadership that advances social entrepreneurship theory and practice and offers
systems-changing solutions that we hope will deeply reshape the way social entrepreneurs innovate. Harding, R., and Cowling, M. (2006.) Social Entrepreneurship Monitor: United Kingdom 2006.
London: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
While the lack of academic textbooks has spawned a plethora of assigned readings in the classroom,
faculty involvement in creating a comprehensive course that covers key concepts in the field is challenging.
Practitioner books ranging from inspirational stories to the nuts and bolts practical Q&A format of the Susan
Davis and David Bornstein book on Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know helps to
introduce people to the field. The 2006 Oxford Press publication Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of
Sustainable Social Change, edited by Alex Nicholls, still leads the pack as a “must read” for academics new
to the field, but with the addition of the Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, also edited by Nicholls, current
research in the field is now accessible. Stanford Social Innovation Review’s new academic editor, Johanna
Mair, promises to provide more rigorous and empirical research to not only researchers, but the practitioners
who regularly influence the field.
V. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH
MIT PRESS As the field expands, we have seen a continued commitment to applied research
KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND DISCOVERY and collaborations between university and practitioner collaborations. It is
INNOVATIONS JOURNAL
Research is about knowledge creation and discovery. Harnessing the skills and talents of researchers to better our hope that research agendas based on practitioners needs and questions
Innovations journal
understand and to delve deep into specific issues to learn about the role of innovation to achieving systemic can help to advance the field. One example is the University of Colorado at
actively seeks to
change is necessary to continue the momentum. The field of social entrepreneurship has exploded with over promote and grow the Boulder, which introduced urgent questions from Ashoka Fellows to a class on
250 peer reviewed academic journal publications and edited book chapters (Brock & Steiner, 2010). field of applied social Social Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets that now forms the basis of MBA
entrepreneurship research, student research projects. Innovations Journal regularly pairs practitioners with
As the field has grown, it has seized the attention of practitioners, policy makers, journalists and academics, and pairs practitioners with academics as co-authors on papers.
amplifying the number of resources available to faculty and practitioners. When Greg Dees from Duke academics as co-authors.
University and Alex Nicholls from the University of Oxford came together to launch the first Research CORE READINGS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Colloquium on Social Entrepreneurship in 2008, they brought together leaders in the field from a variety Perhaps the most difficult part of this publication was the collection of research
of academic backgrounds with the intention of building an academic field of inquiry. Three years later, we in social entrepreneurship and decisions on what articles should be included in the core research in the field.
have two social entrepreneurship focused journals – the new Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and the This summary of core readings in social entrepreneurship started with a compilation of all the academic
Social Enterprise Journal launched in 2008. articles from business, nonprofit, social work and other fields, then culling that information to determine the
best representation of articles for both new faculty and seasoned researchers to review. We hope faculty new
ADVANCING THE FIELD to the field or those retooling for research or teaching, will find this listing of key readings useful.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL Faculty who publish articles on social entrepreneurship increase the visibility
ENTREPRENEURSHIP and standing of social entrepreneurship across the institution, and advance IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL FIND INFORMATION ON:
Launched in 2010, the legitimacy of social entrepreneurship research in higher education more
the Journal of Social A. Books and Publications on Social Entrepreneurship
broadly. Short, Moss and Lumpkin (2009) looked at 152 research articles
Entrepreneurship seeks B. Core Academic Readings in Social Entrepreneurship
published in academic peer reviewed journals over the last twenty years with
points of view from C. Journals in Social Entrepreneurship
most of the articles published in management (25%), other business (16%),
a variety of scholarly
perspectives with entrepreneurship (11%), political science (10%), and economics (9%) focused
support of rigorous journals. The first major academic journal to publish a special issue on social A CALL TO ACTION
theoretical studies. entrepreneurship research was Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice in 2010 The upcoming years promise further theory building and rigorous empirical testing, which will ultimately will
and opened the doors for more research outlets. lead to the acknowledgment of social entrepreurship as a fully-fledged field of academic inquiry. It is our hope
in collecting this information that practitioners, philanthropists, and consultants will team with academics to
While the empirical research is lagging behind, academic journals are moving away from definitional debates pave a new trail and further our understanding of and impact on this emerging field.
and case studies and into tangible evidence of the success of social entrepreneurs. According to Hidden
Agendas, over 6.6 percent of the UK population is engaged in social entrepreneurial activities (Harding, REFERENCES
2004). Whilst academics struggle to build a strong theoretical foundation for this emerging field, the doors of Brock, D.D., and Steiner. S.D. (2010). The Social Entrepreneurship Model: Building Sustainable Innovations
social entrepreneurship are open with faculty from public policy/nonprofit management fields, sciences and to Achieve Social Impact. Paper presented at the Research Colloquium on Social Entrepreneurship.
social sciences, education and others embracing the concepts at a rapid rate. We encourage faculty to look Oxford, UK, June.
beyond the traditional business and entrepreneurship literature and investigate articles in sociology, public
Short, J.C. Moss, T.W., & Lumpkin, G.T. (2009). References in the Research in Social Entrepreneurship:
policy, psychology, nonprofit management, and sustainability, among other fields, to produce a steady output
Past Contributions and Future Opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3: 161–194.
of positively received thought leadership that advances social entrepreneurship theory and practice and offers
systems-changing solutions that we hope will deeply reshape the way social entrepreneurs innovate. Harding, R., and Cowling, M. (2006.) Social Entrepreneurship Monitor: United Kingdom 2006.
London: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
While the lack of academic textbooks has spawned a plethora of assigned readings in the classroom,
faculty involvement in creating a comprehensive course that covers key concepts in the field is challenging.
Practitioner books ranging from inspirational stories to the nuts and bolts practical Q&A format of the Susan
Davis and David Bornstein book on Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know helps to
introduce people to the field. The 2006 Oxford Press publication Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of
Sustainable Social Change, edited by Alex Nicholls, still leads the pack as a “must read” for academics new
to the field, but with the addition of the Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, also edited by Nicholls, current
research in the field is now accessible. Stanford Social Innovation Review’s new academic editor, Johanna
Mair, promises to provide more rigorous and empirical research to not only researchers, but the practitioners
who regularly influence the field.
A. BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A MODERN APPROACH
The following are recommended and explore many of the topical issues in the field and commonly appear TO SOCIAL VALUE CREATION
on social entrepreneurship reading lists. Author: Arthur Brooks
Publisher: Prentice Hall, 2008
BUILDING SOCIAL BUSINESS: THE NEW KIND OF CAPITALISM Highlighted Book: Structured textbook for classroom use
THAT SERVES HUMANITY’S MOST PRESSING NEEDS This textbook is intended for the aspiring entrepreneur who seeks to understand the social and nonprofit
Author: Muhammad Yunus sectors. It covers topics such as measuring social value, earned income, donations and government income,
Publisher: PublicAffairs, 2010 fundraising and social enterprise business plans. The text helps tie the similarities of what social entrepreneurs
Highlighted Book: Inspiring book on starting social businesses do with the orientation and activities of for-profit entrepreneurs.
Muhammad Yunus, winner of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize and visionary founder of the Grameen Bank,
builds on his pioneering work in microcredit to put forth a new dimension for capitalism, which he calls SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: NEW MODELS
“social business.” Yunus defines social business as those commercial enterprises that harness the energy of OF SUSTAINABLE CHANGE
profit-making to the objective of fulfilling human needs. Yunus traces the evolution of social business, from Author: Edited by Alex Nicholls
theory to an inspiring practice, adopted by corporations, entrepreneurs, and social activists across the world. Publisher: Oxford University Press, 2006
This book offers practical guidance for those seeking to start social businesses, gives examples of how social Highlighted Book: Excellent academic volume by thought leaders in the field
business transforms lives and holds out social business as a new model that can overcome the failures of
free-market enterprise. Social Entrepreneurship brings together the perspectives of leading academics, policy makers, and
practitioners to clarify terms related to social entrepreneurship, describe a range of projects that make up
social entrepreneurial activity, and present a set of frameworks to help understand social entrepreneurship
ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SOCIAL SECTOR
models. This book includes contributions from social entrepreneurship luminaries such as Muhammad
Authors: Jane Wei-Skillern, James E. Austin, Herman Leonard, and Howard Stevenson
Yunus, the father of microfinance, Bill Drayton, founder of Ashoka, Greg Dees, who pioneered social
Publisher: Sage Publications, 2007
entrepreneurship education, and Sally Osberg, the CEO of the Skoll Foundation.
Highlighted Book: Solid case based social entrepreneurship book
This textbook, written by four distinguished professors, covers the opportunity and challenge of applying SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: WHAT EVERYONE NEEDS TO KNOW
leadership skills and entrepreneurial talents to create social value. The book enable readers to develop an in Author: David Bornstein and Susan Davis
depth understanding of the distinctive characteristics of the social enterprise context and give examples of Publisher: Oxford University Press, 2010
social enterprise activity across the nonprofit, business and government sectors. At the heart of this textbook Highlighted Book: Outstanding introductory book on social entrepreneurship
are Harvard Business School case studies, set in both the US and abroad, that examine critical components of
social entrepreneurship, including start-up, funding, and growth. This book is designed as a text for advanced A very useful starter guide to the field, this book follows on David Bornstein’s popular book “How to
undergraduate or graduate courses in social entrepreneurship. Change the World” which profiles leading social entrepreneurs. This book provides a general overview
of social entrepreneurship. In a Q & A format, it allows readers to go directly to the information they need.
The authors map out social entrepreneurship in its broadest terms, as well as in its particulars. Teaching
ONE DAY, ALL CHILDREN – THE UNLIKELY TRIUMPH OF TEACH FOR
notes available for faculty.
AMERICA AND WHAT I LEARNED ALONG THE WAY
Author: Wendy Kopp
Publisher: PublicAffairs, 2003
Highlighted Book: Lessons learned from the journey of an exceptional
social entrepreneur
From her dorm room at Princeton University, twenty-one-year-old college senior Wendy Kopp decided
to launch a movement to improve public education in America. In One Day, All Children, she shares the
remarkable story of Teach For America, a nonprofit organization that sends outstanding college graduates
to teach for two years in the most under-resourced urban and rural public schools in America. Wendy Kopp
provides a detailed account about the many mistakes she made as a way to help aspiring social entrepreneurs
to become the change agents our world needs.
A. BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A MODERN APPROACH
The following are recommended and explore many of the topical issues in the field and commonly appear TO SOCIAL VALUE CREATION
on social entrepreneurship reading lists. Author: Arthur Brooks
Publisher: Prentice Hall, 2008
BUILDING SOCIAL BUSINESS: THE NEW KIND OF CAPITALISM Highlighted Book: Structured textbook for classroom use
THAT SERVES HUMANITY’S MOST PRESSING NEEDS This textbook is intended for the aspiring entrepreneur who seeks to understand the social and nonprofit
Author: Muhammad Yunus sectors. It covers topics such as measuring social value, earned income, donations and government income,
Publisher: PublicAffairs, 2010 fundraising and social enterprise business plans. The text helps tie the similarities of what social entrepreneurs
Highlighted Book: Inspiring book on starting social businesses do with the orientation and activities of for-profit entrepreneurs.
Muhammad Yunus, winner of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize and visionary founder of the Grameen Bank,
builds on his pioneering work in microcredit to put forth a new dimension for capitalism, which he calls SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: NEW MODELS
“social business.” Yunus defines social business as those commercial enterprises that harness the energy of OF SUSTAINABLE CHANGE
profit-making to the objective of fulfilling human needs. Yunus traces the evolution of social business, from Author: Edited by Alex Nicholls
theory to an inspiring practice, adopted by corporations, entrepreneurs, and social activists across the world. Publisher: Oxford University Press, 2006
This book offers practical guidance for those seeking to start social businesses, gives examples of how social Highlighted Book: Excellent academic volume by thought leaders in the field
business transforms lives and holds out social business as a new model that can overcome the failures of
free-market enterprise. Social Entrepreneurship brings together the perspectives of leading academics, policy makers, and
practitioners to clarify terms related to social entrepreneurship, describe a range of projects that make up
social entrepreneurial activity, and present a set of frameworks to help understand social entrepreneurship
ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SOCIAL SECTOR
models. This book includes contributions from social entrepreneurship luminaries such as Muhammad
Authors: Jane Wei-Skillern, James E. Austin, Herman Leonard, and Howard Stevenson
Yunus, the father of microfinance, Bill Drayton, founder of Ashoka, Greg Dees, who pioneered social
Publisher: Sage Publications, 2007
entrepreneurship education, and Sally Osberg, the CEO of the Skoll Foundation.
Highlighted Book: Solid case based social entrepreneurship book
This textbook, written by four distinguished professors, covers the opportunity and challenge of applying SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: WHAT EVERYONE NEEDS TO KNOW
leadership skills and entrepreneurial talents to create social value. The book enable readers to develop an in Author: David Bornstein and Susan Davis
depth understanding of the distinctive characteristics of the social enterprise context and give examples of Publisher: Oxford University Press, 2010
social enterprise activity across the nonprofit, business and government sectors. At the heart of this textbook Highlighted Book: Outstanding introductory book on social entrepreneurship
are Harvard Business School case studies, set in both the US and abroad, that examine critical components of
social entrepreneurship, including start-up, funding, and growth. This book is designed as a text for advanced A very useful starter guide to the field, this book follows on David Bornstein’s popular book “How to
undergraduate or graduate courses in social entrepreneurship. Change the World” which profiles leading social entrepreneurs. This book provides a general overview
of social entrepreneurship. In a Q & A format, it allows readers to go directly to the information they need.
The authors map out social entrepreneurship in its broadest terms, as well as in its particulars. Teaching
ONE DAY, ALL CHILDREN – THE UNLIKELY TRIUMPH OF TEACH FOR
notes available for faculty.
AMERICA AND WHAT I LEARNED ALONG THE WAY
Author: Wendy Kopp
Publisher: PublicAffairs, 2003
Highlighted Book: Lessons learned from the journey of an exceptional
social entrepreneur
From her dorm room at Princeton University, twenty-one-year-old college senior Wendy Kopp decided
to launch a movement to improve public education in America. In One Day, All Children, she shares the
remarkable story of Teach For America, a nonprofit organization that sends outstanding college graduates
to teach for two years in the most under-resourced urban and rural public schools in America. Wendy Kopp
provides a detailed account about the many mistakes she made as a way to help aspiring social entrepreneurs
to become the change agents our world needs.
PRACTITIONER BOOKS ACADEMIC BOOKS
BOOK AUTHOR PUBLISHER PUBLISHED KEYWORDS BOOK AUTHOR PUBLISHER PUBLISHED KEYWORDS
Effective Management of Social Enterprises: Lessons Edited by: James E. Austin,
Building Social Business: The New Kind of Capitalism “How-To” Book, Global, Social Business,
From Businesses and Civil Society Organizations Roberto Gutierrez, Enrique Harvard University
That Serves Humanity’s Most Pressing Needs Muhammad Yunus PublicAffairs 2010 Social Enterprise, Social Issues
in Iberoamerica Ogliastri, & Ezequiel Reficco Press 2006 Latin America, Case Studies
Business Planning for Enduring Social Impact: Entrepreneurship in the Social Sector Jane Wei-Skillern, James E.
A Social Entrepreneurial Approach to Solving Andrew Wolk & Social Entrepreneurs, “How-To” Book, Austin, Herman Leonard, &
Social Problems Kelley Kreitz Root Cause 2008 Social Impact, Strategic Planning Howard Stevenson Sage Publications 2007 Textbook, Case Studies
Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding
Creating a World Without Poverty:
and Contributing to an Emerging Field Edited by Edited Volume,
Social Business and the Future of Capitalism Muhammad Yunus PublicAffairs 2008 Asia, Social Enterprise, Microcredit, Poverty
(Volume 1, No. 3) Rachel Mosher-Williams ARNOVA 2006 Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship
Enterprising Nonprofits: J. Gregory Dees, Jed Social Enterprise: At the Crossroads of Market, Edited by European Social Enterprises, Definitions of
A Toolkit for Social Entrepreneurs Emerson, & Peter Economy John Wiley & Sons 2001 “How-To” Book, Nonprofit, Social Entrepreneurs Public Policies and Civil Society Marthe Nyssens Routledge 2006 Social Entrepreneurship, Edited Volume
Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Johanna Mair,
Forces For Good – The Six Practices Leslie R. Crutchfield
Jeffrey Robinson,
of High Impact Nonprofits and Heather McLeod Grant Jossey-Bass 2007 Cases, Nonprofit
& Kai Hockerts Macmillan 2006 Edited Volume
Social Entrepreneurship: A Modern Approach to
Good to Great and the Social Sectors Jim Collins HarperCollins 2005 Monograph, Nonprofit
Social Value Creation Arthur Brooks Prentice Hall 2008 Textbook
Good Work: When Excellence and Ethics Meet Howard Gardner,
The Emergence of Social Enterprise Edited by Carlo Borzaga
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
and Jacques Defourny Routledge 2004 European Social Enterprises, Edited Volume
& William Damon Basic Books 2001 Ethics, Psychology, Leadership
Handbook of Social Entrepreneurship William Schulte & The New Social Entrepreneurship: Edited by Francesco Perrini Edwin Elgar
Ana Maria Perado, eds. Routledge 2010 Social Entrepreneurs What Awaits Social Entrepreneurial Ventures? Publishing Ltd. 2006 Edited Volume
How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs Oxford University Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles, The Search for Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Francesco Perrini Brookings Institution
and the Power of New Ideas David Bornstein Press 2004 Social Entrepreneurs Press 2008 Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship
Values and Opportunities in Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Kai Hockerts,
One Day, All Children – The Unlikely Triumph of Education, Personal Story,
Johanna Mair, & Jeffrey
Teach For America and What I Learned Along the Way Wendy Kopp PublicAffairs 2003 Social Entrepreneurs, United States
Robinson Macmillan 2010 Edited Volume
One Wild Life: A Journey to Discover People
Who Change Our World Clare Mulvany Collins Press 2009 Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles
Social Entrepreneurship: The Art of Oxford University

Mission-Based Venture Development Peter C. Brinckerhoff Press 2000 Nonprofit, Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship: David Bornstein Oxford University

What Everyone Needs to Know & Susan Davis Press 2010 Introduction, Overview, Social Entrepreneurs
Strategic Tools for Social Entrepreneurs J. Gregory Dees, Jed

Emerson, & Peter Economy Wiley 2002 “How-To” Book, Nonprofit, Social Entrepreneurs
The Blue Sweater Jacqueline Novogratz Rodale Books 2009 Africa, Microfinance, Personal Story,
Social Entrepreneurs
The New Pioneers: Sustainable Business Success Introduction, Social Entrepreneurs,

through Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship Tania Ellis Wiley 2010 Social Innovation
The Power of Unreasonable People: How Social Harvard Business Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles,
Entrepreneurs Create Markets That Change the World J. Elkington, P. Hartigan Press 2008 Social Entrepreneurs
The Price of a Dream: The Story of the Grameen Bank David Bornstein Oxford University Bangladesh, Microfinance, Personal Story, Social
Press 2005 Entrepreneur Profiles, Social Entrepreneurs
The Tactics of Hope: How Social Entrepreneurs

are Changing Our World Wilford Welch Earth Aware Editions 2008 Social Entrepreneur Profiles
Three Cups of Tea Greg Mortenson Afghanistan, Pakistan,

& David Oliver Relin Perfection Learning 2007 Personal Story, Social Entrepreneurs
PRACTITIONER BOOKS ACADEMIC BOOKS
BOOK AUTHOR PUBLISHER PUBLISHED KEYWORDS BOOK AUTHOR PUBLISHER PUBLISHED KEYWORDS
Effective Management of Social Enterprises: Lessons Edited by: James E. Austin,
Building Social Business: The New Kind of Capitalism “How-To” Book, Global, Social Business,
From Businesses and Civil Society Organizations Roberto Gutierrez, Enrique Harvard University
That Serves Humanity’s Most Pressing Needs Muhammad Yunus PublicAffairs 2010 Social Enterprise, Social Issues
in Iberoamerica Ogliastri, & Ezequiel Reficco Press 2006 Latin America, Case Studies
Business Planning for Enduring Social Impact: Entrepreneurship in the Social Sector Jane Wei-Skillern, James E.
A Social Entrepreneurial Approach to Solving Andrew Wolk & Social Entrepreneurs, “How-To” Book, Austin, Herman Leonard, &
Social Problems Kelley Kreitz Root Cause 2008 Social Impact, Strategic Planning Howard Stevenson Sage Publications 2007 Textbook, Case Studies
Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding
Creating a World Without Poverty:
and Contributing to an Emerging Field Edited by Edited Volume,
Social Business and the Future of Capitalism Muhammad Yunus PublicAffairs 2008 Asia, Social Enterprise, Microcredit, Poverty
(Volume 1, No. 3) Rachel Mosher-Williams ARNOVA 2006 Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship
Enterprising Nonprofits: J. Gregory Dees, Jed Social Enterprise: At the Crossroads of Market, Edited by European Social Enterprises, Definitions of
A Toolkit for Social Entrepreneurs Emerson, & Peter Economy John Wiley & Sons 2001 “How-To” Book, Nonprofit, Social Entrepreneurs Public Policies and Civil Society Marthe Nyssens Routledge 2006 Social Entrepreneurship, Edited Volume
Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Johanna Mair,
Forces For Good – The Six Practices Leslie R. Crutchfield
Jeffrey Robinson,
of High Impact Nonprofits and Heather McLeod Grant Jossey-Bass 2007 Cases, Nonprofit
& Kai Hockerts Macmillan 2006 Edited Volume
Social Entrepreneurship: A Modern Approach to
Good to Great and the Social Sectors Jim Collins HarperCollins 2005 Monograph, Nonprofit
Social Value Creation Arthur Brooks Prentice Hall 2008 Textbook
Good Work: When Excellence and Ethics Meet Howard Gardner,
The Emergence of Social Enterprise Edited by Carlo Borzaga
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
and Jacques Defourny Routledge 2004 European Social Enterprises, Edited Volume
& William Damon Basic Books 2001 Ethics, Psychology, Leadership
Handbook of Social Entrepreneurship William Schulte & The New Social Entrepreneurship: Edited by Francesco Perrini Edwin Elgar
Ana Maria Perado, eds. Routledge 2010 Social Entrepreneurs What Awaits Social Entrepreneurial Ventures? Publishing Ltd. 2006 Edited Volume
How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs Oxford University Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles, The Search for Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Francesco Perrini Brookings Institution
and the Power of New Ideas David Bornstein Press 2004 Social Entrepreneurs Press 2008 Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship
Values and Opportunities in Social Entrepreneurship Edited by Kai Hockerts,
One Day, All Children – The Unlikely Triumph of Education, Personal Story,
Johanna Mair, & Jeffrey
Teach For America and What I Learned Along the Way Wendy Kopp PublicAffairs 2003 Social Entrepreneurs, United States
Robinson Macmillan 2010 Edited Volume
One Wild Life: A Journey to Discover People
Who Change Our World Clare Mulvany Collins Press 2009 Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles
Social Entrepreneurship: The Art of Oxford University

Mission-Based Venture Development Peter C. Brinckerhoff Press 2000 Nonprofit, Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship: David Bornstein Oxford University

What Everyone Needs to Know & Susan Davis Press 2010 Introduction, Overview, Social Entrepreneurs
Strategic Tools for Social Entrepreneurs J. Gregory Dees, Jed

Emerson, & Peter Economy Wiley 2002 “How-To” Book, Nonprofit, Social Entrepreneurs
The Blue Sweater Jacqueline Novogratz Rodale Books 2009 Africa, Microfinance, Personal Story,
Social Entrepreneurs
The New Pioneers: Sustainable Business Success Introduction, Social Entrepreneurs,

through Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship Tania Ellis Wiley 2010 Social Innovation
The Power of Unreasonable People: How Social Harvard Business Global, Social Entrepreneur Profiles,
Entrepreneurs Create Markets That Change the World J. Elkington, P. Hartigan Press 2008 Social Entrepreneurs
The Price of a Dream: The Story of the Grameen Bank David Bornstein Oxford University Bangladesh, Microfinance, Personal Story, Social
Press 2005 Entrepreneur Profiles, Social Entrepreneurs
The Tactics of Hope: How Social Entrepreneurs

are Changing Our World Wilford Welch Earth Aware Editions 2008 Social Entrepreneur Profiles
Three Cups of Tea Greg Mortenson Afghanistan, Pakistan,

& David Oliver Relin Perfection Learning 2007 Personal Story, Social Entrepreneurs
B. CORE ACADEMIC READINGS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP Eikenberry, A. & Kluver, J. (2004). The marketization of the nonprofit sector: Civil society at risk?
Public Administration Review, 64 (2), 132–40.
These readings from the emerging body of work on social entrepreneurship will help faculty, students and
practitioners understand core concepts in the field. Foster, W. & Bradach, J. (2005). Should nonprofits seek profits? Harvard Business Review, 83, 92–100.
Alvord, S.H., Brown, L.D., & Letts, C.W. (2004). Social entrepreneurship and societal transformation: Fowler, A. (2000). NGDOs as a moment in history: Beyond aid to social entrepreneurship or civic innovation?
an exploratory study. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 40 (3), 260–283. Third World Quarterly, 21 (4), 637–654.
Bloom, P.N., & Smith, B.R. (2010). Identifying the drivers of social entrepreneurial impact: theoretical development Goldstein, J., Hazy, J.K., & Silberstang, J. (2010). A complexity science model of social innovation in social
and an exploratory empirical test of SCALERS. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 126–145. enterprise. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 101–125.
Bradach, J. (Spring 2003). Going to scale. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 19–25. Grimes, M. (2010). Strategic sensemaking within funding relationships: The effects of performance measurement
on organizational identity in the social sector. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 763–783.
Certo, S.T. & Miller, T. (2008). Social entrepreneurship: key issues and concepts. Business Horizons,
51 (4), 267–271. Harding, R., and Cowling, M. (2006). Social entrepreneurship monitor: United Kingdom London:
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.
Chell, E. (2007). Social enterprise and entrepreneurship: toward a convergent theory of the entrepreneurial process.
International Small Business Journal, 25 (1), 5–26. Haugh, H. (2007). Community-led social venture creation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (2), 161–182.
Christie, M., & Honig, B. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: new research findings. Journal of World Business, Hill, T.L., Kothari, T.H., & Shea, M. (2010). Patterns of meaning in the social entrepreneurship literature:
41 (1), 1–5. a research platform, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 5–31.
Christensen, C.M., Baumann, H, Ruggles, R., & Sadtler, T.M. (2006). Disruptive innovation for social change. Karnani, A., (Summer 2007). Microfinance misses its mark. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 34–40.
Harvard Business Review, 84 (12), 94–101. Kerlin, J.A. (2006). Social enterprise in the United States and Europe: Understanding and learning from the
Corner, P.D., & Ho, M. (2010). How opportunities develop in social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: differences. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 17 (3), 246–262.
Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 635–659. Kistruck, G.M., & Beamish, P.W. (2010). The interplay of form, structure, and embeddedness
Dart, R. 2004a. Being “business-like” in a nonprofit organization: A grounded and inductive typology. in social intrapreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 735–761.
Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 33 (2), 290–310. Korosec, R.L., & Berman, E.M. (2006). Municipal support for social entrepreneurship.
Dart, R. 2004b. The legitimacy of social enterprise. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 14 (4), 411–424. Public Administration Review, 66 (3), 448–462.
Dees, J.G. 1998. The meaning of social entrepreneurship. Available at: Lasprogata, G., and Cotton, M. (2003). Contemplating enterprise: The business and legal challenges of social
http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/centers/case/files/dees-SE.pdf entrepreneurship. American Business Law Journal, 41 (1), 67–114.
Dees, J.G. (2007). Taking social entrepreneurship seriously. Society, 44 (3), 24–31. Light, P.C. (Fall 2006). Reshaping social entrepreneurship. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 47–51.
Dees, J.G., Battle Anderson, B. and Wei-Skillern, J. (Spring 2004). Scaling social impact. Lindsay, G., & Hems, L. (2004). Sociétés coopératives d.intérêt collectif: The arrival of social enterprise within
Stanford Social Innovation Review, 24–32. the French social economy. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,
15 (3), 265–286.
Dees, J.G., and Battle Anderson, B. (2006). Framing a theory of social entrepreneurship: Building on two schools
of practice and thought. In R. Mosher-Williams (Ed.), Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding Mair, J., & Marti, I. (2006). Social Entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight.
and Contributing to an Emerging Field (pp. 39–66)., Indianapolis, IN: Association for Research on Nonprofit Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 36–44.
Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) Occasional Paper Series. Martin, R.L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition.
Defourny, J., & Nyssens, M. (2010). Conceptions of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship in Europe and the Stanford Social Innovation Review, 5 (2), 28–39.
United States: Convergences and divergences, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 32–53. Meyskens, M., Robb-Post, C., Stamp, J.A., Carsrud, A.L., & Reynolds, P.D. (2010). Social ventures from a
Di Domenico, M.L., Haugh, H., and Tracey, P. (2010). Social bricolage: theorizing social value creation in social resource-based perspective: An exploratory study assessing global Ashoka fellows.
enterprises. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 681–703. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 661–680.
Dorado, S. (2006). Social entrepreneurial ventures: different values so different processes of creation. Miller, T.L., & and Wesley II, C.L. (2010). Assessing Mission and Resources for social change: An organizational
Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 11(4), 319–343. identity perspective on social venture capitalists’ decision criteria. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice,
34 (4), 681–704.
Drayton, W. (2002). The citizen sector: becoming as entrepreneurial and competitive as business.
California Management Review, 44 (3), 120–132. Mort, G.S., Weerawardena, J., & Carnegie, K. (2003). Social entrepreneurship: Towards conceptualisation.
International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8 (1), 76–88.
B. CORE ACADEMIC READINGS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP Eikenberry, A. & Kluver, J. (2004). The marketization of the nonprofit sector: Civil society at risk?
Public Administration Review, 64 (2), 132–40.
These readings from the emerging body of work on social entrepreneurship will help faculty, students and
practitioners understand core concepts in the field. Foster, W. & Bradach, J. (2005). Should nonprofits seek profits? Harvard Business Review, 83, 92–100.
Alvord, S.H., Brown, L.D., & Letts, C.W. (2004). Social entrepreneurship and societal transformation: Fowler, A. (2000). NGDOs as a moment in history: Beyond aid to social entrepreneurship or civic innovation?
an exploratory study. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 40 (3), 260–283. Third World Quarterly, 21 (4), 637–654.
Bloom, P.N., & Smith, B.R. (2010). Identifying the drivers of social entrepreneurial impact: theoretical development Goldstein, J., Hazy, J.K., & Silberstang, J. (2010). A complexity science model of social innovation in social
and an exploratory empirical test of SCALERS. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 126–145. enterprise. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 101–125.
Bradach, J. (Spring 2003). Going to scale. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 19–25. Grimes, M. (2010). Strategic sensemaking within funding relationships: The effects of performance measurement
on organizational identity in the social sector. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 763–783.
Certo, S.T. & Miller, T. (2008). Social entrepreneurship: key issues and concepts. Business Horizons,
51 (4), 267–271. Harding, R., and Cowling, M. (2006). Social entrepreneurship monitor: United Kingdom London:
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.
Chell, E. (2007). Social enterprise and entrepreneurship: toward a convergent theory of the entrepreneurial process.
International Small Business Journal, 25 (1), 5–26. Haugh, H. (2007). Community-led social venture creation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (2), 161–182.
Christie, M., & Honig, B. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: new research findings. Journal of World Business, Hill, T.L., Kothari, T.H., & Shea, M. (2010). Patterns of meaning in the social entrepreneurship literature:
41 (1), 1–5. a research platform, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1 (1), 5–31.
Christensen, C.M., Baumann, H, Ruggles, R., & Sadtler, T.M. (2006). Disruptive innovation for social change. Karnani, A., (Summer 2007). Microfinance misses its mark. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 34–40.
Harvard Business Review, 84 (12), 94–101. Kerlin, J.A. (2006). Social enterprise in the United States and Europe: Understanding and learning from the
Corner, P.D., & Ho, M. (2010). How opportunities develop in social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: differences. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 17 (3), 246–262.
Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 635–659. Kistruck, G.M., & Beamish, P.W. (2010). The interplay of form, structure, and embeddedness
Dart, R. 2004a. Being “business-like” in a nonprofit organization: A grounded and inductive typology. in social intrapreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 735–761.
Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 33 (2), 290–310. Korosec, R.L., & Berman, E.M. (2006). Municipal support for social entrepreneurship.
Dart, R. 2004b. The legitimacy of social enterprise. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 14 (4), 411–424. Public Administration Review, 66 (3), 448–462.
Dees, J.G. 1998. The meaning of social entrepreneurship. Available at: Lasprogata, G., and Cotton, M. (2003). Contemplating enterprise: The business and legal challenges of social
http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/centers/case/files/dees-SE.pdf entrepreneurship. American Business Law Journal, 41 (1), 67–114.
Dees, J.G. (2007). Taking social entrepreneurship seriously. Society, 44 (3), 24–31. Light, P.C. (Fall 2006). Reshaping social entrepreneurship. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 47–51.
Dees, J.G., Battle Anderson, B. and Wei-Skillern, J. (Spring 2004). Scaling social impact. Lindsay, G., & Hems, L. (2004). Sociétés coopératives d.intérêt collectif: The arrival of social enterprise within
Stanford Social Innovation Review, 24–32. the French social economy. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,
15 (3), 265–286.
Dees, J.G., and Battle Anderson, B. (2006). Framing a theory of social entrepreneurship: Building on two schools
of practice and thought. In R. Mosher-Williams (Ed.), Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding Mair, J., & Marti, I. (2006). Social Entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight.
and Contributing to an Emerging Field (pp. 39–66)., Indianapolis, IN: Association for Research on Nonprofit Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 36–44.
Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) Occasional Paper Series. Martin, R.L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition.
Defourny, J., & Nyssens, M. (2010). Conceptions of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship in Europe and the Stanford Social Innovation Review, 5 (2), 28–39.
United States: Convergences and divergences, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 32–53. Meyskens, M., Robb-Post, C., Stamp, J.A., Carsrud, A.L., & Reynolds, P.D. (2010). Social ventures from a
Di Domenico, M.L., Haugh, H., and Tracey, P. (2010). Social bricolage: theorizing social value creation in social resource-based perspective: An exploratory study assessing global Ashoka fellows.
enterprises. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 681–703. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4), 661–680.
Dorado, S. (2006). Social entrepreneurial ventures: different values so different processes of creation. Miller, T.L., & and Wesley II, C.L. (2010). Assessing Mission and Resources for social change: An organizational
Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 11(4), 319–343. identity perspective on social venture capitalists’ decision criteria. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice,
34 (4), 681–704.
Drayton, W. (2002). The citizen sector: becoming as entrepreneurial and competitive as business.
California Management Review, 44 (3), 120–132. Mort, G.S., Weerawardena, J., & Carnegie, K. (2003). Social entrepreneurship: Towards conceptualisation.
International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8 (1), 76–88.
Nicholls, A. (2010). The legitimacy of social entrepreneurship: Reflexive isomorphism in a pre-paradigmatic field. Van de Ven, A.H., Sapienza, H.J., & Villanueva, J. (2007). Entrepreneurial pursuits of self- and collective interests.
Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4). 611–633. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 13 (4), 353–370.
Peredo, A.M., & Chrisman J.J. (2006). Toward a theory of community-based enterprise. Van Slyke, D.M., & Newman, H.K. (2006). Venture philanthropy and social entrepreneurship in community
Academy of Management Review, 31 (2), 309–328. redevelopment. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 16 (3), 345–368.
Peredo, A.M., & McLean M. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept. Vidal, I. (2005). Social enterprise and social inclusion: Social enterprises in the sphere of work integration.
Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 56–65. International Journal of Public Administration, 28, 807–825.
Phills, J.A., Deiglmeier, K., & Miller, D.T. (Fall 2008). Rediscovering social innovation. Waddock, S.A., & Post, J.E. (1991). Social entrepreneurs and catalytic change. Public Administration Review,
Stanford Social Innovation Review, 34–43. 51, 393–401.
Shaw, E., & Carter, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: Theoretical antecedents and empirical analysis of Wallace, S.L. (1999). Social entrepreneurship: The role of social purpose enterprises in facilitating community
entrepreneurial processes and outcomes. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, economic development. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 4, 153–174.
14 (3), 418–434.
Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G.S. (2001). Learning, innovation. and competitive advantage in not-for-profit aged
Spear, R. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: A different model? International Journal of Social Economics, care marketing: A conceptual model and research propositions. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector
33 (5/6), 399–410. Marketing, 93, 53–73.
Sud, M., Vansandt, C.V., & Baugous. A.M. (2009). Social entrepreneurship: The role of institutions. Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G.S. (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model.
Journal of Business Ethics, 85 (Supplement 1), 201–216. Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 21–35.
Thomas, A. (2004). The rise of social cooperatives in Italy. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary Zahra, S.A, Rawhouser, H.N., Bhawe, N, Neubaum, D.O., & Hayton, J.C., (2008). Globalization of social
and Nonprofit Organizations, 153, 243–263. entrepreneurship opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2 (2), 117–131.
Thompson, J.L., Alvy, G., & Lees, A. (2000). Social entrepreneurship: A new look at the people and the Zahra, S.A, Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D.O., & Shulman, J.M. (2009). A typology of social entrepreneurs:
potential. Management Decision, 38: 328–338. Motives, search processes and ethical challenges. Journal of Business Venturing, 24 (5), 519–532.
Thompson, J.L. (2002). The world of the social entrepreneur. The International Journal of Public Zeitlow, J.T. (2001). Social entrepreneurship: Managerial, finance, and marketing aspects.
Sector Management, 154 (5), 412–431. Journal of Nonprofit and Public Sector Marketing, 9, 19–43.
Thompson, J.L., & Doherty, B. (2006). The diverse world of social enterprise. International Journal of
Social Economics, 33 (5/6), 361–375.
Tracey P., & Jarvis, O. (2007). Toward a theory of social venture franchising.
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 315, 667–685.
Tracey, P., & Phillips, N. (2007). The distinctive challenge of educating social entrepreneurs: A postscript and
rejoinder to the special issue on entrepreneurship education. Academy of Management Learning & Education,
6 (2), 264–271.
Townsend, D.M., & Hart, T.A. (2008). Perceived institutional ambiguity and the choice of organizational form in
social entrepreneurial ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32 (4), 685–700.
Turner, D., & Martin, S. (2005). Social entrepreneurs and social inclusion: building local capacity or delivering
national priorities? International Journal of Public Administration, 28, 797–806.
Nicholls, A. (2010). The legitimacy of social entrepreneurship: Reflexive isomorphism in a pre-paradigmatic field. Van de Ven, A.H., Sapienza, H.J., & Villanueva, J. (2007). Entrepreneurial pursuits of self- and collective interests.
Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 34 (4). 611–633. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 13 (4), 353–370.
Peredo, A.M., & Chrisman J.J. (2006). Toward a theory of community-based enterprise. Van Slyke, D.M., & Newman, H.K. (2006). Venture philanthropy and social entrepreneurship in community
Academy of Management Review, 31 (2), 309–328. redevelopment. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 16 (3), 345–368.
Peredo, A.M., & McLean M. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept. Vidal, I. (2005). Social enterprise and social inclusion: Social enterprises in the sphere of work integration.
Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 56–65. International Journal of Public Administration, 28, 807–825.
Phills, J.A., Deiglmeier, K., & Miller, D.T. (Fall 2008). Rediscovering social innovation. Waddock, S.A., & Post, J.E. (1991). Social entrepreneurs and catalytic change. Public Administration Review,
Stanford Social Innovation Review, 34–43. 51, 393–401.
Shaw, E., & Carter, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: Theoretical antecedents and empirical analysis of Wallace, S.L. (1999). Social entrepreneurship: The role of social purpose enterprises in facilitating community
entrepreneurial processes and outcomes. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, economic development. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 4, 153–174.
14 (3), 418–434.
Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G.S. (2001). Learning, innovation. and competitive advantage in not-for-profit aged
Spear, R. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: A different model? International Journal of Social Economics, care marketing: A conceptual model and research propositions. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector
33 (5/6), 399–410. Marketing, 93, 53–73.
Sud, M., Vansandt, C.V., & Baugous. A.M. (2009). Social entrepreneurship: The role of institutions. Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G.S. (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model.
Journal of Business Ethics, 85 (Supplement 1), 201–216. Journal of World Business, 41 (1), 21–35.
Thomas, A. (2004). The rise of social cooperatives in Italy. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary Zahra, S.A, Rawhouser, H.N., Bhawe, N, Neubaum, D.O., & Hayton, J.C., (2008). Globalization of social
and Nonprofit Organizations, 153, 243–263. entrepreneurship opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2 (2), 117–131.
Thompson, J.L., Alvy, G., & Lees, A. (2000). Social entrepreneurship: A new look at the people and the Zahra, S.A, Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D.O., & Shulman, J.M. (2009). A typology of social entrepreneurs:
potential. Management Decision, 38: 328–338. Motives, search processes and ethical challenges. Journal of Business Venturing, 24 (5), 519–532.
Thompson, J.L. (2002). The world of the social entrepreneur. The International Journal of Public Zeitlow, J.T. (2001). Social entrepreneurship: Managerial, finance, and marketing aspects.
Sector Management, 154 (5), 412–431. Journal of Nonprofit and Public Sector Marketing, 9, 19–43.
Thompson, J.L., & Doherty, B. (2006). The diverse world of social enterprise. International Journal of
Social Economics, 33 (5/6), 361–375.
Tracey P., & Jarvis, O. (2007). Toward a theory of social venture franchising.
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 315, 667–685.
Tracey, P., & Phillips, N. (2007). The distinctive challenge of educating social entrepreneurs: A postscript and
rejoinder to the special issue on entrepreneurship education. Academy of Management Learning & Education,
6 (2), 264–271.
Townsend, D.M., & Hart, T.A. (2008). Perceived institutional ambiguity and the choice of organizational form in
social entrepreneurial ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32 (4), 685–700.
Turner, D., & Martin, S. (2005). Social entrepreneurs and social inclusion: building local capacity or delivering
national priorities? International Journal of Public Administration, 28, 797–806.
C. JOURNALS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SOCIAL ENTERPRISE JOURNAL (SEJ)
These journals are outlets for publication of empirical research, applied research and articles that www.emeraldinsight.com/info/journals/sej/sej.jsp
contribute to our understanding of social entrepreneurship Disclaimer: these listings have been derived
from original sources. Social enterprise is a powerful global concept that describes those businesses with primarily social
objectives whose surpluses are principally re-invested for that purpose in businesses or in the community.
The SEJ is the first journal to focus specifically on this aspect of entrepreneurial activity. Social enterprises
INNOVATIONS have not been the subject of rigorous research to determine the current practices and needs of managers within
www.innovationsjournal.net this developing area. It is also debatable whether we have a robust and agreed ‘map’ of the sector. The SEJ
Innovations is a quarterly journal about entrepreneurial solutions to global challenges. Published since winter seeks to address this void by inviting scholars and practitioners to present their theories and frameworks for
2006 by MIT Press, it features cases authored by exceptional innovators; commentary and research from understanding social enterprise, and invites research that examines a range of topics related to this developing
leading academics; and essays from globally recognized executives and political leaders. The journal is jointly sector of the social economy.
hosted at George Mason University’s School of Public Policy, Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government,
and MIT’s Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship. In its first five years of publication, STANFORD SOCIAL INNOVATION REVIEW (SSIR)
Innovations has published original essays and analysis by over twenty Ashoka Fellows, Schwab social www.ssireview.org
entrepreneurs, and recipients of the Skoll Award, seven MacArthur Fellows, four current or former heads of
state, and a Nobel laureate. Partners in the production of special issues of Innovations have included Ashoka, The quarterly magazine brings together academic rigor and the expertise of leaders in the fields of nonprofit
the Lemelson Foundation, the Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship, the World Economic Forum, management, CSR, social entrepreneurship and philanthropy to generate ideas for strategy in addressing the
the Skoll Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Clinton Global Initiative. world’s most pressing issues.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (JSE) STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP JOURNAL:

www.tandf.co.uk/journals/rjse SOCIAL ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
http://sej.strategicmanagement.net/index.php
The Journal focuses on social entrepreneurship and social innovation across a range of sectors and cultural
settings. The vision for The Journal is as a high quality, multi-disciplinary publication that embraces and The Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal publishes papers that are selected through a rigorous, competitive
encourages work from a range of scholarly perspectives beyond – but including – business and management review process that meet the high standards of the journal. One of the ten focus areas of the journals is the
and which accepts that social entrepreneurship has much to offer in its own right to business, and the third and social role of entrepreneurship. Public organizations can also be entrepreneurial, which may contribute
public sectors. Primary amongst these disciplines will be: social policy and political science, anthropology, to the ability of such organizations to better serve their constituencies. In recent years a new concept has
sociology, not-for-profit management, finance, organizational theory, strategy, social geography, (development) evolved—that of social entrepreneurship. While there are some varying definitions, social entrepreneurship is
economics, ethics and moral philosophy, and social psychology. However, The Journal is open to work in any usually regarded as entrepreneurial efforts to produce goods serving a public and collective need. How does
scholarly tradition with the twin caveats that the work is squarely focused on social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship contribute to enhanced performance of public organizations? Does public organization
as defined above, and that it is high quality. entrepreneurship differ from that in the private sector? How can social entrepreneurship best be practiced?
The Journal is rigorously international in scope both in terms of its unit of analysis and its scholarly
contributors. Social entrepreneurship is a truly global phenomenon and The Journal will recognize its
culturally different manifestations across countries as well as explore key contrasts. Finally, The Journal
is non-prescriptive with respect to methodology, accepting qualitative and quantitative work equally on
merit. However, in order to build the academic credibility of social entrepreneurship going forward, there
is currently a need to move away from both descriptive case studies and individual ‘hero’ accounts of social
entrepreneurs, so The Journal will actively look to support both more theory-inflected work and broader
empirical studies.
C. JOURNALS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SOCIAL ENTERPRISE JOURNAL (SEJ)
These journals are outlets for publication of empirical research, applied research and articles that www.emeraldinsight.com/info/journals/sej/sej.jsp
contribute to our understanding of social entrepreneurship Disclaimer: these listings have been derived
from original sources. Social enterprise is a powerful global concept that describes those businesses with primarily social
objectives whose surpluses are principally re-invested for that purpose in businesses or in the community.
The SEJ is the first journal to focus specifically on this aspect of entrepreneurial activity. Social enterprises
INNOVATIONS have not been the subject of rigorous research to determine the current practices and needs of managers within
www.innovationsjournal.net this developing area. It is also debatable whether we have a robust and agreed ‘map’ of the sector. The SEJ
Innovations is a quarterly journal about entrepreneurial solutions to global challenges. Published since winter seeks to address this void by inviting scholars and practitioners to present their theories and frameworks for
2006 by MIT Press, it features cases authored by exceptional innovators; commentary and research from understanding social enterprise, and invites research that examines a range of topics related to this developing
leading academics; and essays from globally recognized executives and political leaders. The journal is jointly sector of the social economy.
hosted at George Mason University’s School of Public Policy, Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government,
and MIT’s Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship. In its first five years of publication, STANFORD SOCIAL INNOVATION REVIEW (SSIR)
Innovations has published original essays and analysis by over twenty Ashoka Fellows, Schwab social www.ssireview.org
entrepreneurs, and recipients of the Skoll Award, seven MacArthur Fellows, four current or former heads of
state, and a Nobel laureate. Partners in the production of special issues of Innovations have included Ashoka, The quarterly magazine brings together academic rigor and the expertise of leaders in the fields of nonprofit
the Lemelson Foundation, the Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship, the World Economic Forum, management, CSR, social entrepreneurship and philanthropy to generate ideas for strategy in addressing the
the Skoll Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Clinton Global Initiative. world’s most pressing issues.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (JSE) STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP JOURNAL:

www.tandf.co.uk/journals/rjse SOCIAL ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
http://sej.strategicmanagement.net/index.php
The Journal focuses on social entrepreneurship and social innovation across a range of sectors and cultural
settings. The vision for The Journal is as a high quality, multi-disciplinary publication that embraces and The Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal publishes papers that are selected through a rigorous, competitive
encourages work from a range of scholarly perspectives beyond – but including – business and management review process that meet the high standards of the journal. One of the ten focus areas of the journals is the
and which accepts that social entrepreneurship has much to offer in its own right to business, and the third and social role of entrepreneurship. Public organizations can also be entrepreneurial, which may contribute
public sectors. Primary amongst these disciplines will be: social policy and political science, anthropology, to the ability of such organizations to better serve their constituencies. In recent years a new concept has
sociology, not-for-profit management, finance, organizational theory, strategy, social geography, (development) evolved—that of social entrepreneurship. While there are some varying definitions, social entrepreneurship is
economics, ethics and moral philosophy, and social psychology. However, The Journal is open to work in any usually regarded as entrepreneurial efforts to produce goods serving a public and collective need. How does
scholarly tradition with the twin caveats that the work is squarely focused on social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship contribute to enhanced performance of public organizations? Does public organization
as defined above, and that it is high quality. entrepreneurship differ from that in the private sector? How can social entrepreneurship best be practiced?
The Journal is rigorously international in scope both in terms of its unit of analysis and its scholarly
contributors. Social entrepreneurship is a truly global phenomenon and The Journal will recognize its
culturally different manifestations across countries as well as explore key contrasts. Finally, The Journal
is non-prescriptive with respect to methodology, accepting qualitative and quantitative work equally on
merit. However, in order to build the academic credibility of social entrepreneurship going forward, there
is currently a need to move away from both descriptive case studies and individual ‘hero’ accounts of social
entrepreneurs, so The Journal will actively look to support both more theory-inflected work and broader
empirical studies.
VI. APPLIED LEARNING AND APPRENTICESHIP A. INTERNSHIP, JOBS AND VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES
Students and graduates interested in working for social change organizations should investigate opportunities
The skills and mindsets related to social entrepreneurship require practice, immersion and repetition. with the following organizations. While many of the internships and career opportunities with Ashoka Fellows
Getting out of the classroom and into the world is a must to practice and hone skills that lead to careers and social entrepreneurs are highly competitive, the opportunity to work with one of these organizations
in social entrepreneurship, whether launching ventures as a social entrepreneur, working for a social is well worth the effort. This directory is not exhaustive and represents a cross listing of organizations that
entrepreneurial enterprise, or leading change within an organization as an intrapreneur. Students will offer positions for individuals interested in social entrepreneurship. Being included in the database does
gain valuable experience competing at national and international business plan competitions and/or not necessarily mean an endorsement by either the authors or Ashoka. Disclaimer: these listings have been
serving as interns and apprentices to social entrepreneurs. derived from original sources.
INTERNSHIPS AND APPRENTICES ASHOKA FELLOW OPPORTUNITIES

Students and graduates are eager to apply what they learned in an internship or apprenticeship capacity www.ashoka.org/volunteer/opportunities
with social entrepreneurs who are creating social change. The Ashoka website provides a search engine to
Experience social entrepreneurship at its best by collaborating with fascinating, inspired and dynamic
locate Ashoka social entrepreneurs in over 70 countries around the world. To learn about internship and
innovators who are at the forefront of social change. Ashoka has over 2500 Ashoka Fellows in over 70
job opportunities, start with parents, family friends, colleagues from previous employment, peers who
countries around the world.
have worked or interned in organizations you are interested in, and meetings with professors and the career
advising office on the campus. In addition, students can start by investigating award winners with the Skoll
Foundation, Schwab Foundation, Echoing Green Fellows, and other COMMONGOOD CAREERS
organizations or by reviewing the Social Capitalist Award winners from www.cgcareers.org
DELL SOCIAL INNOVATION Fast Company Commongood Careers focuses on recruiting talent for a variety of positions in the United States nonprofits
AWARD WINNERS and leading social innovators.
The Dell Social Innovation COMPETITIONS
Awards and the University As the popularity of social entrepreneurship increases, student interest
of Texas give away $100,000 CONNECT 123
in launching social ventures has resulted in an increase in the number of www.connect-123.com
in cash prizes each year social business plan competitions with combined award money totaling
to the college or university Connect 123 offers internships and study abroad programs in Cape Town, South Africa, Buenos Aires,
more than $1 million per year. Several universities offer an internal social
students who have the best Argentina and Shanghai, China. Internships and volunteer opportunities are coordinated by Connect 123
innovation to solve a societal business plan competition, while others offer national and international
competitions that broaden the number of participants, including students, with local for profit and nonprofit organizations. The company is a for-profit business that offers study
problem. The competition
alumni and community members. Many competitions partner with for-profit abroad programs as well.
also awards fellowships to
students to focus full-time entrepreneurial enterprises and corporations to fund the prize money and
on their business opportunity offer consulting assistance to winners pro-bono. Social entrepreneurship ENGINEERS WITHOUT BORDERS (EWB)
in the summer. competitions often focus on analyzing the root cause of a social problem and www.ewb-usa.org/job_openings.php
the systems-change that needs to occur through innovative solutions. EWB-USA is committed to making a difference in the world and touches thousands of lives each and
every day through a network of 12,000 members and 300 chapters around the world. The website
IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL connects volunteers to people and communities around the world.
FIND INFORMATION ON:
A. Internships, Jobs and Volunteer Opportunities IDEALIST
B. Social Entrepreneurship Competitions www.idealist.org
Idealist is a project of Action Without Borders, a nonprofit organization founded in 1995 with offices in
the United States and Argentina. Idealist is an interactive site where people and organizations can exchange
resources and ideas, locate job and volunteer opportunities and supporters, and take steps toward building a
world where all people can lead free and dignified lives.
VI. APPLIED LEARNING AND APPRENTICESHIP A. INTERNSHIP, JOBS AND VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES
Students and graduates interested in working for social change organizations should investigate opportunities
The skills and mindsets related to social entrepreneurship require practice, immersion and repetition. with the following organizations. While many of the internships and career opportunities with Ashoka Fellows
Getting out of the classroom and into the world is a must to practice and hone skills that lead to careers and social entrepreneurs are highly competitive, the opportunity to work with one of these organizations
in social entrepreneurship, whether launching ventures as a social entrepreneur, working for a social is well worth the effort. This directory is not exhaustive and represents a cross listing of organizations that
entrepreneurial enterprise, or leading change within an organization as an intrapreneur. Students will offer positions for individuals interested in social entrepreneurship. Being included in the database does
gain valuable experience competing at national and international business plan competitions and/or not necessarily mean an endorsement by either the authors or Ashoka. Disclaimer: these listings have been
serving as interns and apprentices to social entrepreneurs. derived from original sources.
INTERNSHIPS AND APPRENTICES ASHOKA FELLOW OPPORTUNITIES

Students and graduates are eager to apply what they learned in an internship or apprenticeship capacity www.ashoka.org/volunteer/opportunities
with social entrepreneurs who are creating social change. The Ashoka website provides a search engine to
Experience social entrepreneurship at its best by collaborating with fascinating, inspired and dynamic
locate Ashoka social entrepreneurs in over 70 countries around the world. To learn about internship and
innovators who are at the forefront of social change. Ashoka has over 2500 Ashoka Fellows in over 70
job opportunities, start with parents, family friends, colleagues from previous employment, peers who
countries around the world.
have worked or interned in organizations you are interested in, and meetings with professors and the career
advising office on the campus. In addition, students can start by investigating award winners with the Skoll
Foundation, Schwab Foundation, Echoing Green Fellows, and other COMMONGOOD CAREERS
organizations or by reviewing the Social Capitalist Award winners from www.cgcareers.org
DELL SOCIAL INNOVATION Fast Company Commongood Careers focuses on recruiting talent for a variety of positions in the United States nonprofits
AWARD WINNERS and leading social innovators.
The Dell Social Innovation COMPETITIONS
Awards and the University As the popularity of social entrepreneurship increases, student interest
of Texas give away $100,000 CONNECT 123
in launching social ventures has resulted in an increase in the number of www.connect-123.com
in cash prizes each year social business plan competitions with combined award money totaling
to the college or university Connect 123 offers internships and study abroad programs in Cape Town, South Africa, Buenos Aires,
more than $1 million per year. Several universities offer an internal social
students who have the best Argentina and Shanghai, China. Internships and volunteer opportunities are coordinated by Connect 123
innovation to solve a societal business plan competition, while others offer national and international
competitions that broaden the number of participants, including students, with local for profit and nonprofit organizations. The company is a for-profit business that offers study
problem. The competition
alumni and community members. Many competitions partner with for-profit abroad programs as well.
also awards fellowships to
students to focus full-time entrepreneurial enterprises and corporations to fund the prize money and
on their business opportunity offer consulting assistance to winners pro-bono. Social entrepreneurship ENGINEERS WITHOUT BORDERS (EWB)
in the summer. competitions often focus on analyzing the root cause of a social problem and www.ewb-usa.org/job_openings.php
the systems-change that needs to occur through innovative solutions. EWB-USA is committed to making a difference in the world and touches thousands of lives each and
every day through a network of 12,000 members and 300 chapters around the world. The website
IN THIS SECTION YOU WILL connects volunteers to people and communities around the world.
FIND INFORMATION ON:
A. Internships, Jobs and Volunteer Opportunities IDEALIST
B. Social Entrepreneurship Competitions www.idealist.org
Idealist is a project of Action Without Borders, a nonprofit organization founded in 1995 with offices in
the United States and Argentina. Idealist is an interactive site where people and organizations can exchange
resources and ideas, locate job and volunteer opportunities and supporters, and take steps toward building a
world where all people can lead free and dignified lives.
JUSTMEANS B. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITIONS
www.justmeans.com Universities are increasingly collaborating with other schools to offer national and international competitions
JustMeans is a social media platform and source of information and connections for individuals with prize money ranging from $10,000 to $100,000 plus valuable consulting and mentoring assistance.
seeking to do business better and posts a number of jobs on the site. Disclaimer: these listings have been derived from original sources.
NET IMPACT BARUCH COLLEGE AND MERRILL LYNCH INVITATIONAL

www.netimpact.org ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITION
Organization: Baruch College
The Net Impact Job Seeker Center provides resources to incorporate social and environmental impact into
http://zicklin.baruch.cuny.edu/bcec/college/
your future career of choice. The job board provides positions for graduate students working with socially
and environmentally responsible organizations, startups, nonprofits, and internship opportunities. Student teams with ideas for businesses whose primary mission is the provision of social benefit and a
Members can access the Job Board along with resume tips and advice. plan for achieving financial viability, compete against each other for prize money and seed capital to
launch the business.
NEXT BILLION
www.nextbillion.net/jobs BASES SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHALLENGE
Organization: Stanford University
As the next billion people to rise up and form the base of the economic pyramid (BoP), the next billion(s)
http://bases.stanford.edu/150k/
in profits will now fill the market gaps by integrating the BoP into formal economies. NextBillion.net brings
together a community of business leaders to understand the connections between development and enterprise. BASES is Stanford’s annual business plan competition for social entrepreneurs that judges ideas and business
Opportunities range from full-time, part-time consultancies, and other opportunities. plans for social ventures that are either for-profit or nonprofit on the criteria of social/environmental impact,
financial sustainability, and market understanding.
SCHWAB FOUNDATION FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
www.schwabfound.org/sf/SocialEntrepreneurs/Profiles BUSINESS IN DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE
Organization: Business in Development Network
The Schwab Foundation lists all of the social entrepreneurs that are a part of their community by name,
www.bidnetwork.org/page/119835/en
country, region, and sector that the organization is active in. The organizations are grouped by leveraged
nonprofit ventures, hybrid nonprofits and social business ventures. Investigate Schwab award winners for The Business in Development (BiD) Challenge is a worldwide business plan competition that offers
future career and volunteer opportunities. entrepreneurs the opportunity to develop and execute business plans that improve living standards in
developing countries at a profit. The BiD Challenge consists of one international competition and seven
national competitions in India, Philippines, Tanzania, Kenya, Argentina, Peru and Colombia.
SOCIAL EDGE
www.socialedge.org
CHANGEMAKERS.COM ONLINE COMPETITION
Social Edge, part of the Skoll network, is a global online community of thousands of social entrepreneurs,
Organization: Changemakers
leading experts and other practitioners. Weekly conversations highlight key issues in the field and spur
discussion on critical topics. Join to receive weekly highlights and follow @socialedge on Twitter for real-time www.changemakers.com
news, including deadlines for funding, award opportunities, and job and internship opportunities. Changemakers runs collaborative competitions that “open source” innovative, workable solutions to the
world’s most entrenched social and encourage participants to collaborate by providing new ideas, asking
insightful questions, and providing connections to new resources.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR CORPS
www.socialentrepreneurcorps.com/fourweekinternship.html
Social Entrepreneur Corps is a social enterprise that leads innovative and dynamic international internship, DELL SOCIAL INNOVATION COMPETITION
volunteering, and insight programs in Guatemala, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and other select Latin American Organization: University of Texas at Austin
countries. Social Entrepreneur Corps participants create sustainable impact in the field whilst gaining the www.utexas.edu/lbj/rgk/competition
perspectives, skills and knowledge to become the social entrepreneurs of the future. Participants learn about The competition is a real-world exercise in developing skills in plan development, pitching ideas to investors,
and focus on the MicroConsignment Model, micro finance/micro credit, grassroots consulting, responsible developing networks and receiving constructive feedback for increasing the probability of successfully
tourism, local enterprise creation, rural education and awareness creation, and artisan support. launching a venture. College students from all over the nation compete, with a single winner awarded
$50,000 to launch a social venture.
JUSTMEANS B. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITIONS
www.justmeans.com Universities are increasingly collaborating with other schools to offer national and international competitions
JustMeans is a social media platform and source of information and connections for individuals with prize money ranging from $10,000 to $100,000 plus valuable consulting and mentoring assistance.
seeking to do business better and posts a number of jobs on the site. Disclaimer: these listings have been derived from original sources.
NET IMPACT BARUCH COLLEGE AND MERRILL LYNCH INVITATIONAL

www.netimpact.org ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITION
Organization: Baruch College
The Net Impact Job Seeker Center provides resources to incorporate social and environmental impact into
http://zicklin.baruch.cuny.edu/bcec/college/
your future career of choice. The job board provides positions for graduate students working with socially
and environmentally responsible organizations, startups, nonprofits, and internship opportunities. Student teams with ideas for businesses whose primary mission is the provision of social benefit and a
Members can access the Job Board along with resume tips and advice. plan for achieving financial viability, compete against each other for prize money and seed capital to
launch the business.
NEXT BILLION
www.nextbillion.net/jobs BASES SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHALLENGE
Organization: Stanford University
As the next billion people to rise up and form the base of the economic pyramid (BoP), the next billion(s)
http://bases.stanford.edu/150k/
in profits will now fill the market gaps by integrating the BoP into formal economies. NextBillion.net brings
together a community of business leaders to understand the connections between development and enterprise. BASES is Stanford’s annual business plan competition for social entrepreneurs that judges ideas and business
Opportunities range from full-time, part-time consultancies, and other opportunities. plans for social ventures that are either for-profit or nonprofit on the criteria of social/environmental impact,
financial sustainability, and market understanding.
SCHWAB FOUNDATION FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
www.schwabfound.org/sf/SocialEntrepreneurs/Profiles BUSINESS IN DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE
Organization: Business in Development Network
The Schwab Foundation lists all of the social entrepreneurs that are a part of their community by name,
www.bidnetwork.org/page/119835/en
country, region, and sector that the organization is active in. The organizations are grouped by leveraged
nonprofit ventures, hybrid nonprofits and social business ventures. Investigate Schwab award winners for The Business in Development (BiD) Challenge is a worldwide business plan competition that offers
future career and volunteer opportunities. entrepreneurs the opportunity to develop and execute business plans that improve living standards in
developing countries at a profit. The BiD Challenge consists of one international competition and seven
national competitions in India, Philippines, Tanzania, Kenya, Argentina, Peru and Colombia.
SOCIAL EDGE
www.socialedge.org
CHANGEMAKERS.COM ONLINE COMPETITION
Social Edge, part of the Skoll network, is a global online community of thousands of social entrepreneurs,
Organization: Changemakers
leading experts and other practitioners. Weekly conversations highlight key issues in the field and spur
discussion on critical topics. Join to receive weekly highlights and follow @socialedge on Twitter for real-time www.changemakers.com
news, including deadlines for funding, award opportunities, and job and internship opportunities. Changemakers runs collaborative competitions that “open source” innovative, workable solutions to the
world’s most entrenched social and encourage participants to collaborate by providing new ideas, asking
insightful questions, and providing connections to new resources.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR CORPS
www.socialentrepreneurcorps.com/fourweekinternship.html
Social Entrepreneur Corps is a social enterprise that leads innovative and dynamic international internship, DELL SOCIAL INNOVATION COMPETITION
volunteering, and insight programs in Guatemala, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and other select Latin American Organization: University of Texas at Austin
countries. Social Entrepreneur Corps participants create sustainable impact in the field whilst gaining the www.utexas.edu/lbj/rgk/competition
perspectives, skills and knowledge to become the social entrepreneurs of the future. Participants learn about The competition is a real-world exercise in developing skills in plan development, pitching ideas to investors,
and focus on the MicroConsignment Model, micro finance/micro credit, grassroots consulting, responsible developing networks and receiving constructive feedback for increasing the probability of successfully
tourism, local enterprise creation, rural education and awareness creation, and artisan support. launching a venture. College students from all over the nation compete, with a single winner awarded
$50,000 to launch a social venture.
DUKE START-UP CHALLENGE NET IMPACT-WALMART SUSTAINABILITY
Organization: Duke University BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
www.dukestartupchallenge.org/ Organization: University of Florida
www.netimpact.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=2315
The Duke Start-Up Challenge is a business plan competition that runs the course of the academic year, from
November to April and includes an Elevator Pitch Competition, a full business plan submission and the The competition challenges students to invent sustainable products or develop sustainable business solutions
Finals, with multiple teams winning cash and prizes throughout the competition for the best submissions. and present them to a panel of Walmart executives, suppliers, and environmental organizations. In addition to
gaining an audience with some of the top business and sustainability leaders in the United States, the winning
GLOBAL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITION team receives $20,000 to invest in the business or product.
Organization: University of Washington
www.foster.washington.edu/centers/gbc/globalsocialentrepreneurshipcompetition NOTRE DAME SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION
Organization: University of Notre Dame
The Global Social Entrepreneurship Competition is a competition in which students from around the world
http://business.nd.edu/Gigot_Center/Competitions/
submit business plans that find creative, commercially sustainable ways to address problems of poverty in the
developing world. The Social Venture Competition applies a distinctively Notre Dame lens to entrepreneurship — pairing an
innovative spirit with a social mission. Social venture plans that demonstrate potential for growth as well as a
GLOBAL SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION measurable social and/or environmental impact compete to win a $15,000 grand prize.
Organization: UC Berkeley, Columbia Business School, London Business School,
Indian School of Business, Thammasat University and ESSEC Business School. NYU STERN SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION
www.gsvc.org Organization: New York University
http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/berkley/bpc.cfm?doc_id=6306
The Global Social Venture Competition is a leading business plan competition for social ventures that attracts
more than 300 teams from over 29 countries to compete for more than $45,000 in cash and travel prizes. The NYU Stern Social Venture Competition provides practical guidance and financing that will help
To be eligible, teams must include at least one business school student or recent alumnus. students, alumni, and community develop a social venture idea into a fundable and sustainable social venture.
Social track participants compete for the Stewart Satter Family Prize totaling $100,000, as well as benefit
LEMELSON MIT AWARDS FOR SUSTAINABILITY from exposure to Stern’s distinguished faculty, seasoned venture capitalists and impact investors, social sector
Organization: MIT & The Lemelson Foundation industry experts and entrepreneurs.
http://web.mit.edu/invent/a-main.html
PACE PITCH CONTEST
The $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Award for Sustainability celebrates individuals whose inventions and
Organization: Pace University
innovations enhance economic opportunity and community well-being in developing and/or developed
www.pace.edu/pitch
countries while protecting and restoring the natural environment.
The Pace Pitch Contest, based on the Elevator Pitch concept popular in the venture capital community, is a
MIT GLOBAL CHALLENGE AND IDEAS COMPETITION concise presentation of an entrepreneur’s idea, business model, marketing strategy, competitive analysis, and
Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology financial plan that is delivered to potential investors.
http://web.mit.edu/ideas/www/challenge.htm
ROWAN UNIVERSITY BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
Up to $150k will be allocated for teams demonstrating innovation, feasibility and impact in addressing
Organization: Rowan University
major challenges. Teams must be 1/3 MIT students.
www.rowan.edu/colleges/business/cie/BPCOmp.html
Rowan University’s student business plan invites students to submit social entrepreneurship venture plans
along with traditional business plans and compete for $10,000 in awards.
DUKE START-UP CHALLENGE NET IMPACT-WALMART SUSTAINABILITY
Organization: Duke University BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
www.dukestartupchallenge.org/ Organization: University of Florida
www.netimpact.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=2315
The Duke Start-Up Challenge is a business plan competition that runs the course of the academic year, from
November to April and includes an Elevator Pitch Competition, a full business plan submission and the The competition challenges students to invent sustainable products or develop sustainable business solutions
Finals, with multiple teams winning cash and prizes throughout the competition for the best submissions. and present them to a panel of Walmart executives, suppliers, and environmental organizations. In addition to
gaining an audience with some of the top business and sustainability leaders in the United States, the winning
GLOBAL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITION team receives $20,000 to invest in the business or product.
Organization: University of Washington
www.foster.washington.edu/centers/gbc/globalsocialentrepreneurshipcompetition NOTRE DAME SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION
Organization: University of Notre Dame
The Global Social Entrepreneurship Competition is a competition in which students from around the world
http://business.nd.edu/Gigot_Center/Competitions/
submit business plans that find creative, commercially sustainable ways to address problems of poverty in the
developing world. The Social Venture Competition applies a distinctively Notre Dame lens to entrepreneurship — pairing an
innovative spirit with a social mission. Social venture plans that demonstrate potential for growth as well as a
GLOBAL SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION measurable social and/or environmental impact compete to win a $15,000 grand prize.
Organization: UC Berkeley, Columbia Business School, London Business School,
Indian School of Business, Thammasat University and ESSEC Business School. NYU STERN SOCIAL VENTURE COMPETITION
www.gsvc.org Organization: New York University
http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/berkley/bpc.cfm?doc_id=6306
The Global Social Venture Competition is a leading business plan competition for social ventures that attracts
more than 300 teams from over 29 countries to compete for more than $45,000 in cash and travel prizes. The NYU Stern Social Venture Competition provides practical guidance and financing that will help
To be eligible, teams must include at least one business school student or recent alumnus. students, alumni, and community develop a social venture idea into a fundable and sustainable social venture.
Social track participants compete for the Stewart Satter Family Prize totaling $100,000, as well as benefit
LEMELSON MIT AWARDS FOR SUSTAINABILITY from exposure to Stern’s distinguished faculty, seasoned venture capitalists and impact investors, social sector
Organization: MIT & The Lemelson Foundation industry experts and entrepreneurs.
http://web.mit.edu/invent/a-main.html
PACE PITCH CONTEST
The $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Award for Sustainability celebrates individuals whose inventions and
Organization: Pace University
innovations enhance economic opportunity and community well-being in developing and/or developed
www.pace.edu/pitch
countries while protecting and restoring the natural environment.
The Pace Pitch Contest, based on the Elevator Pitch concept popular in the venture capital community, is a
MIT GLOBAL CHALLENGE AND IDEAS COMPETITION concise presentation of an entrepreneur’s idea, business model, marketing strategy, competitive analysis, and
Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology financial plan that is delivered to potential investors.
http://web.mit.edu/ideas/www/challenge.htm
ROWAN UNIVERSITY BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
Up to $150k will be allocated for teams demonstrating innovation, feasibility and impact in addressing
Organization: Rowan University
major challenges. Teams must be 1/3 MIT students.
www.rowan.edu/colleges/business/cie/BPCOmp.html
Rowan University’s student business plan invites students to submit social entrepreneurship venture plans
along with traditional business plans and compete for $10,000 in awards.
ROYAL ROADS UNIVERSITY MICROFINANCE TULANE BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
BUSINESS IDEA COMPETITION Organization: Tulane University
Organization: Royal Roads University www.tulanebusinessplancompetition.com/
www.mfbic.org
Plans presented under the Social Entrepreneurship track can either be for profit or not-for-profit ventures and
Royal Roads University’s Microfinance Business Idea Competition is an annual online contest which seeks to should be designed specifically to address a social, environmental or economic problem, producing a positive
identify, reward, and promote the most promising small business concepts applicable in two specific settings: and identifiable impact to the community. Winning ventures to be implemented in the New Orleans area will
one domestic and one international. have access to a pool of highly qualified professional services to assist them during their start-up process.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION COMPETITION USAID/SMITH SCHOOL GLOBAL CHALLENGE

Organization: Washington University in St. Louis Organization: University of Maryland, Center for International Business
www.ideabounce.com Education and Research and Center for Social Value Creation at the Robert H. Smith
School of Business, with co-sponsor U.S. Agency for International Development
Competitors begin by entering their idea on www.ideabounce.com. Over $100,000 is available to winners www.rhsmith.umd.edu/globalchallenge/
with a variety of award categories.
The Global Challenge, held in the spirit of President Obama’s Global Engagement, an initiative that seeks to
address development challenges by engaging and empowering local stakeholders, is a unique opportunity
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP BUSINESS PLAN
for MBA and graduate students to compete among their peers in devising public-private alliances that
COMPETITION SUMAQ ALLIANCE
allow for a private enterprise to contribute to international development initiatives. Teams vie for $8,500 in
Organization: Instituto de Empresa Business School
cash prizes and have the opportunity to network with leading experts in the international development and
http://netimpact.ie.edu/?q=competition business fields.
The Social Entrepreneurship Business Plan Competition was created to foster projects that have social and/or
environmental impact as a central component of the enterprise, are economically sustainable, and have high WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY’S ELEVATOR COMPETITION
potential for international expansion. Organization: Wake Forest University
www.elevatorcompetition.com
SOCIAL IMPACT EXCHANGE – SOCIAL BUSINESS PLAN
Just as business entrepreneurs are defined as change agents for the economy, social entrepreneurs can be
Organization: Growth Philanthropy Network and Duke University
defined as change agents for society. The Annual Elevator Competition, “Social Entrepreneurship Business
http://socialimpactexchange.org/bpc_overview.cfm Plan” category is open to all students (undergraduate and graduate in all disciplines) and the winner in this
The Social Impact Business Plan Competition identifies social sector scaling initiatives with demonstrated category also receives an entry to Moot Corp. and $45,000 in prizes.
impact and readiness to grow and supports them with financial and consulting awards. U.S.-based nonprofit
organizations with a focus in education, youth development, health, poverty alleviation or community YOUTH VENTURE
economic development are eligible to enter. Organization: Youth Venture
www.youthventure.org
SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
When the venture team is ready to launch, Youth Venture offers seed funding of up to $1,000; tools and
Organization: William James Foundation
support; allies who provide advice, mentoring and expertise; a supportive network of fellow Youth Venturers;
www.williamjamesfoundation.org and identity as a part of a movement toward youth-led social change.
The William James Foundation Socially Responsible Business Plan Competition is designed to stimulate
the entrance into the economic mainstream of soundly-planned, for-profit, corporate ventures committed
to the highest levels of social responsibility.
ROYAL ROADS UNIVERSITY MICROFINANCE TULANE BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
BUSINESS IDEA COMPETITION Organization: Tulane University
Organization: Royal Roads University www.tulanebusinessplancompetition.com/
www.mfbic.org
Plans presented under the Social Entrepreneurship track can either be for profit or not-for-profit ventures and
Royal Roads University’s Microfinance Business Idea Competition is an annual online contest which seeks to should be designed specifically to address a social, environmental or economic problem, producing a positive
identify, reward, and promote the most promising small business concepts applicable in two specific settings: and identifiable impact to the community. Winning ventures to be implemented in the New Orleans area will
one domestic and one international. have access to a pool of highly qualified professional services to assist them during their start-up process.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION COMPETITION USAID/SMITH SCHOOL GLOBAL CHALLENGE

Organization: Washington University in St. Louis Organization: University of Maryland, Center for International Business
www.ideabounce.com Education and Research and Center for Social Value Creation at the Robert H. Smith
School of Business, with co-sponsor U.S. Agency for International Development
Competitors begin by entering their idea on www.ideabounce.com. Over $100,000 is available to winners www.rhsmith.umd.edu/globalchallenge/
with a variety of award categories.
The Global Challenge, held in the spirit of President Obama’s Global Engagement, an initiative that seeks to
address development challenges by engaging and empowering local stakeholders, is a unique opportunity
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP BUSINESS PLAN
for MBA and graduate students to compete among their peers in devising public-private alliances that
COMPETITION SUMAQ ALLIANCE
allow for a private enterprise to contribute to international development initiatives. Teams vie for $8,500 in
Organization: Instituto de Empresa Business School
cash prizes and have the opportunity to network with leading experts in the international development and
http://netimpact.ie.edu/?q=competition business fields.
The Social Entrepreneurship Business Plan Competition was created to foster projects that have social and/or
environmental impact as a central component of the enterprise, are economically sustainable, and have high WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY’S ELEVATOR COMPETITION
potential for international expansion. Organization: Wake Forest University
www.elevatorcompetition.com
SOCIAL IMPACT EXCHANGE – SOCIAL BUSINESS PLAN
Just as business entrepreneurs are defined as change agents for the economy, social entrepreneurs can be
Organization: Growth Philanthropy Network and Duke University
defined as change agents for society. The Annual Elevator Competition, “Social Entrepreneurship Business
http://socialimpactexchange.org/bpc_overview.cfm Plan” category is open to all students (undergraduate and graduate in all disciplines) and the winner in this
The Social Impact Business Plan Competition identifies social sector scaling initiatives with demonstrated category also receives an entry to Moot Corp. and $45,000 in prizes.
impact and readiness to grow and supports them with financial and consulting awards. U.S.-based nonprofit
organizations with a focus in education, youth development, health, poverty alleviation or community YOUTH VENTURE
economic development are eligible to enter. Organization: Youth Venture
www.youthventure.org
SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS PLAN COMPETITION
When the venture team is ready to launch, Youth Venture offers seed funding of up to $1,000; tools and
Organization: William James Foundation
support; allies who provide advice, mentoring and expertise; a supportive network of fellow Youth Venturers;
www.williamjamesfoundation.org and identity as a part of a movement toward youth-led social change.
The William James Foundation Socially Responsible Business Plan Competition is designed to stimulate
the entrance into the economic mainstream of soundly-planned, for-profit, corporate ventures committed
to the highest levels of social responsibility.
VII. RESOURCES A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR SUPPORT ORGANIZATIONS
These organizations provide funding, support, and coaching to social entrepreneurs and their ventures at
Building a strong infrastructure is important to creating and maintaining a successful social entrepreneurship various stages of development and organizational life stage. Many of them also have various initiatives to
education program. Starting with a defined center mission, relationships with faculty champions from across connect with or support universities or knowledge dissemination for students of social entrepreneurship.
campus, a dedicated advisory board and developing a structure that measures the success of the campus will Disclaimer: these listings have been derived from original sources.
help to build a new center or program. Opportunities to endow a chair in social entrepreneurship to develop
cross campus champions and partnerships and obtaining a sustainable funding source is critical to the long-
term viability of the program.
www.ashoka.org
INVESTMENT IN SOCIAL Ashoka is a global association of the world’s leading social entrepreneurs—men and women with system
ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS changing solutions for the world’s most urgent social problems. Since 1981, the organization has elected over
2,500 leading social entrepreneurs as Ashoka Fellows, providing them with living stipends, professional
Raising financial resources for a social entrepreneurship center is challenging. While traditional entrepreneurship
support, and access to a global network of peers in more than 70 countries. With the global community,
programs obtain funding from successful entrepreneurs and in some cases, commercialization of faculty and
Ashoka develops models for collaboration and designs infrastructure needed to advance the field of social
student inventions and business ventures, social entrepreneurship centers will struggle with these models.
entrepreneurship and the citizen sector. Ashoka Fellows inspire others to adopt and spread innovations –
Another opportunity is looking to successful social innovators and institutions to fund endowments to make an
demonstrating to all citizens that they too have the potential to be powerful changemakers.
impact on the lives of others. For example, the Danone Foundation funded the European Business School Chair
of Social Business in honor of Muhammad Yunus’s work and the Michael and Susan Dell Foundation funds the
Global Social Venture Competition at the University of Texas, Austin. The preference is to seek out prospects CHANGEMAKERS
to fund endowments that will ensure the long-term financial viability and provide funding for the academic and www.changemakers.net
programmatic leadership of the center.
Changemakers® is a community of action that collaborates on solutions. Changemakers is a collaborative
space where you can talk about the issues, share stories and mentor, advise, and encourage each other in group
INVESTMENT IN ACADEMIC LEADERSHIP forums, even engage in friendly competition. Members of the Changemakers community form surprising
Funding an endowed chair can be a successful way to institutionalize social entrepreneurship. A number connections and unexpected partnerships across the globe that turn the old ways of problem solving upside
of endowed chairs in social entrepreneurship exist including Case Western Reserve University’s Fairmount down and try things that have never been tried before. With the mantra of “Everyone a Changemaker”,
Minerals Chair in Social Entrepreneurship, Tulane University’s Endowed Chair in Civic Engagement and Changemakers connects you to action. Join the Changemakers Group, a collaborative space for the whole
Social Entrepreneurship and INSEAD’s Crown Prince’s Diwan Endowed Chair in Social Innovation and community to stay connected, share opportunities and reach social change goals.
Sustainability at their Abu Dhabi location.
DRAPER RICHARDS KAPLAN FOUNDATION
STRATEGIC LINKAGES WITH SOCIAL www.draperrichards.org
ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORGANIZATION
The Draper Richards Kaplan Foundation believes that social entrepreneurs are the dedicated, talented
Increasingly organizations like Ashoka, Echoing Green and Acumen Fund are working with universities
leadership that is the essence of social change. To this end, the foundation provides awards of three year
to help spread the work of their portfolio organizations and sharing their field-building lessons for the
fellowships, with funding and business mentoring to social entrepreneurs as they begin their nonprofit
next generations of changemakers and social entrepreneurs.
organizations. The Fellowships deliver support at the critical start-up phase and help outstanding people
create wide-reaching social change.
ECHOING GREEN
www.echoinggreen.org
Berea College – Entrepreneurship Tulane University – Endowed Chair in Civic
for the Public Good Program Engagement and Social Entrepreneurship Echoing Green inspires, educates and mobilizes next generation talent to deliver bold new solutions for
social change. By operating a highly competitive fellowship program, Echoing Green has helped launch some
Under the leadership of the President, the Berea College The Sacks Endowed Chair in Civic Engagement and
Entrepreneurship for the Public Good program was Social Entrepreneurship is part of a highly committed
of the most innovative, effective, and well-known social change organizations in operation today, including
funded by an $8.5 million endowment to ensure the long team of Tulane faculty and staff tasked with creating an Teach For America, City Year, Working Today, College Summit, Citizen Schools, Global Fund for Children,
term viability of a program offering an intensive study of undergraduate program in civic engagement and social EarthRights International, SKS Microfinance, and Genocide Intervention Network. Founded in 1987 by
entrepreneurship, leadership and economic development entrepreneurship that mentors and educates students the leadership of the private equity firm General Atlantic, Echoing Green has to-date invested close to $30
to serve the unique needs of the Appalachian region. coming to Tulane to be part of the New Orleans urban million and launched more than 400 new social change organizations around the world.
and regional renewal effort.
VII. RESOURCES A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR SUPPORT ORGANIZATIONS
These organizations provide funding, support, and coaching to social entrepreneurs and their ventures at
Building a strong infrastructure is important to creating and maintaining a successful social entrepreneurship various stages of development and organizational life stage. Many of them also have various initiatives to
education program. Starting with a defined center mission, relationships with faculty champions from across connect with or support universities or knowledge dissemination for students of social entrepreneurship.
campus, a dedicated advisory board and developing a structure that measures the success of the campus will Disclaimer: these listings have been derived from original sources.
help to build a new center or program. Opportunities to endow a chair in social entrepreneurship to develop
cross campus champions and partnerships and obtaining a sustainable funding source is critical to the long-
term viability of the program.
www.ashoka.org
INVESTMENT IN SOCIAL Ashoka is a global association of the world’s leading social entrepreneurs—men and women with system
ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS changing solutions for the world’s most urgent social problems. Since 1981, the organization has elected over
2,500 leading social entrepreneurs as Ashoka Fellows, providing them with living stipends, professional
Raising financial resources for a social entrepreneurship center is challenging. While traditional entrepreneurship
support, and access to a global network of peers in more than 70 countries. With the global community,
programs obtain funding from successful entrepreneurs and in some cases, commercialization of faculty and
Ashoka develops models for collaboration and designs infrastructure needed to advance the field of social
student inventions and business ventures, social entrepreneurship centers will struggle with these models.
entrepreneurship and the citizen sector. Ashoka Fellows inspire others to adopt and spread innovations –
Another opportunity is looking to successful social innovators and institutions to fund endowments to make an
demonstrating to all citizens that they too have the potential to be powerful changemakers.
impact on the lives of others. For example, the Danone Foundation funded the European Business School Chair
of Social Business in honor of Muhammad Yunus’s work and the Michael and Susan Dell Foundation funds the
Global Social Venture Competition at the University of Texas, Austin. The preference is to seek out prospects CHANGEMAKERS
to fund endowments that will ensure the long-term financial viability and provide funding for the academic and www.changemakers.net
programmatic leadership of the center.
Changemakers® is a community of action that collaborates on solutions. Changemakers is a collaborative
space where you can talk about the issues, share stories and mentor, advise, and encourage each other in group
INVESTMENT IN ACADEMIC LEADERSHIP forums, even engage in friendly competition. Members of the Changemakers community form surprising
Funding an endowed chair can be a successful way to institutionalize social entrepreneurship. A number connections and unexpected partnerships across the globe that turn the old ways of problem solving upside
of endowed chairs in social entrepreneurship exist including Case Western Reserve University’s Fairmount down and try things that have never been tried before. With the mantra of “Everyone a Changemaker”,
Minerals Chair in Social Entrepreneurship, Tulane University’s Endowed Chair in Civic Engagement and Changemakers connects you to action. Join the Changemakers Group, a collaborative space for the whole
Social Entrepreneurship and INSEAD’s Crown Prince’s Diwan Endowed Chair in Social Innovation and community to stay connected, share opportunities and reach social change goals.
Sustainability at their Abu Dhabi location.
DRAPER RICHARDS KAPLAN FOUNDATION
STRATEGIC LINKAGES WITH SOCIAL www.draperrichards.org
ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORGANIZATION
The Draper Richards Kaplan Foundation believes that social entrepreneurs are the dedicated, talented
Increasingly organizations like Ashoka, Echoing Green and Acumen Fund are working with universities
leadership that is the essence of social change. To this end, the foundation provides awards of three year
to help spread the work of their portfolio organizations and sharing their field-building lessons for the
fellowships, with funding and business mentoring to social entrepreneurs as they begin their nonprofit
next generations of changemakers and social entrepreneurs.
organizations. The Fellowships deliver support at the critical start-up phase and help outstanding people
create wide-reaching social change.
ECHOING GREEN
www.echoinggreen.org
Berea College – Entrepreneurship Tulane University – Endowed Chair in Civic
for the Public Good Program Engagement and Social Entrepreneurship Echoing Green inspires, educates and mobilizes next generation talent to deliver bold new solutions for
social change. By operating a highly competitive fellowship program, Echoing Green has helped launch some
Under the leadership of the President, the Berea College The Sacks Endowed Chair in Civic Engagement and
Entrepreneurship for the Public Good program was Social Entrepreneurship is part of a highly committed
of the most innovative, effective, and well-known social change organizations in operation today, including
funded by an $8.5 million endowment to ensure the long team of Tulane faculty and staff tasked with creating an Teach For America, City Year, Working Today, College Summit, Citizen Schools, Global Fund for Children,
term viability of a program offering an intensive study of undergraduate program in civic engagement and social EarthRights International, SKS Microfinance, and Genocide Intervention Network. Founded in 1987 by
entrepreneurship, leadership and economic development entrepreneurship that mentors and educates students the leadership of the private equity firm General Atlantic, Echoing Green has to-date invested close to $30
to serve the unique needs of the Appalachian region. coming to Tulane to be part of the New Orleans urban million and launched more than 400 new social change organizations around the world.
and regional renewal effort.
GLOBALGIVING SKOLL FOUNDATION
www.globalgiving.org www.skollfoundation.org
GlobalGiving begins with the dedicated, tenacious individuals who are driving change in their communities. Jeff Skoll, eBay’s first president, created The Skoll Foundation in 1999 to pursue his vision of a sustainable
GlobalGiving connects the “good idea people” with the “generous giver people” and helps projects of all world of peace and prosperity. The Skoll Foundation’s mission is to drive large-scale change by investing
sizes receive donations of all sizes. Students can learn how to be an active part in contributing to global in, connecting and celebrating social entrepreneurs and other innovators dedicated to solving the world’s
entrepreneurs by providing loans as low as $25 to members of GlobalGiving. GlobalGiving connects givers to most pressing problems. Over the past 10 years, the Skoll Foundation has awarded more than $250 million,
over 700 pre-screened grassroots charity projects around the world and promotes an efficient, transparent including investments in 81 remarkable social entrepreneurs and 66 organizations on five continents around
way to make an impact with your giving. the world who are creating a brighter future for underserved communities.
INTERNATIONAL YOUTH FOUNDATION (IYF) SPARKSEED

www.iyfnet.org/ www.sparkseed.org
The International Youth Foundation believes that educated, employed, and engaged young people possess the Sparkseed is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization that exists to develop the next generation of social entrepreneurs
power to solve the world’s toughest problems. IYF’s programs are catalysts for change that help youth learn, and increase their impact on society. Each year, Sparkseed selects up to ten student-led social ventures and
work, and lead. Recognizing that no one sector of society alone has the resources or expertise to effectively provides the social innovators who lead these ventures (both for profit and nonprofit) with six months of
address the myriad challenges facing today’s youth, IYF mobilizes a global community of businesses, support including: mentoring from entrepreneurs and executives, pro-bono consulting from business and
governments, and civil society organizations — each committed to developing the power and promise of young nonprofit professionals, up to $11,000 in seed money towards start-up costs, webinars that teach necessary
people. Since 1990, 54 public and private sector donors have invested $163 million to maximize the impact skills, $10,000 in web tools, and a three-day summit in Silicon Valley that includes networking, skill-building,
and reach of youth development programs. In all, IYF has provided grants to 332 organizations in and strategic planning.
86 countries.
THE UNREASONABLE INSTITUTE
JOSHUA VENTURE GROUP (JVG) http://unreasonableinstitute.org
www.JoshuaVentureGroup.org Through an intensive application process, early-stage entrepreneurs are chosen to become Unreasonable
Joshua Venture Group identifies emerging leaders in the Jewish world and champions their visions for social Fellows and attend the Unreasonable Institute where they receive rigorous and practical training and
change. Through their primary initiative, the Dual Investment Program, JVG works with US-based social mentoring from serial entrepreneurs, globally recognized thought leaders and innovators, and leading
entrepreneurs leading early-stage ventures over a two-year period, to help them grow and strengthen their investors. Consultants lead weekly workshops and sessions for Unreasonable Fellows on prototype
professional and organizational capacities. Through an infusion of financial and consultative resources, along development, legal structure, design, raising capital, marketing, and more. Each Unreasonable Fellow
with semi-annual retreats, workshops, and networking opportunities, JVG seeks to help these young leaders graduates the Institute ready to execute on their financially viable and globally scalable venture.
shape ventures that will reinvigorate and expand the Jewish landscape.
YOUTH VENTURE
THE LEMELSON FOUNDATION www.genv.net
www.lemelson.org Youth Venture was launched with the vision that everyone in society could take initiative and address social
Established in 1993 by Jerome Lemelson, one of America’s most prolific inventors, The Lemelson Foundation needs, rather than looking to the elite few who lead today. Youth Venture inspires and invests in teams of
uses its resources to inspire, encourage and recognize inventors, innovators and entrepreneurs to support young people to design and launch their own lasting social ventures, enabling them to have this transformative
invention-led economic, social and environmentally sustainable development. It has donated or committed experience of leading positive social change. Started in the US, Youth Venture now operates internationally.
more than $150 million in support of its mission to improve lives through invention in the U.S. and Youth Venturers (ages 12-20) start businesses, civil society organizations and informal programs that address
developing countries. all kinds of social issues, including poverty, health, the elderly, the environment, education, diversity issues,
and the arts. Youth Venture helps venturers through the process of designing and launching their ventures,
THE SCHWAB FOUNDATION FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP providing guidance, how-to’s and a process for designing and pitching a venture idea.
www.schwabfound.org
The Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship provides unparalleled platforms at the country, regional YOUTH SOCIAL ENTERPRISE INITIATIVE
and global levels that highlight social entrepreneurship as a key element to advance societies and address www.ysei.org/
social problems in an innovative and effective manner. The Schwab Foundation does not give grants or invest Youth Social Enterprise Initiative (YSEI) is a high-engagement social venture program for emerging young
financially in the organizations of its selected social entrepreneurs. Rather, it uses its resources to create social entrepreneurs in developing countries. Through the Emergence Fellowship, YSEI aims to invest in
unprecedented opportunities where social entrepreneurs who have successfully implemented and scaled their young visionaries who have big ideas and who need crucial startup support to turn their ideas into action.
transformational ideas can further the legitimacy of their work, have access to usually inaccessible networks, The start-up support includes: startup financing up to $15,000, essential development knowledge and tools
and mobilize financial and in-kind resources that enable them to continue to strengthen and expand. on social entrepreneurship, technical consulting through mentorship, and access to diverse networks.
GLOBALGIVING SKOLL FOUNDATION
www.globalgiving.org www.skollfoundation.org
GlobalGiving begins with the dedicated, tenacious individuals who are driving change in their communities. Jeff Skoll, eBay’s first president, created The Skoll Foundation in 1999 to pursue his vision of a sustainable
GlobalGiving connects the “good idea people” with the “generous giver people” and helps projects of all world of peace and prosperity. The Skoll Foundation’s mission is to drive large-scale change by investing
sizes receive donations of all sizes. Students can learn how to be an active part in contributing to global in, connecting and celebrating social entrepreneurs and other innovators dedicated to solving the world’s
entrepreneurs by providing loans as low as $25 to members of GlobalGiving. GlobalGiving connects givers to most pressing problems. Over the past 10 years, the Skoll Foundation has awarded more than $250 million,
over 700 pre-screened grassroots charity projects around the world and promotes an efficient, transparent including investments in 81 remarkable social entrepreneurs and 66 organizations on five continents around
way to make an impact with your giving. the world who are creating a brighter future for underserved communities.
INTERNATIONAL YOUTH FOUNDATION (IYF) SPARKSEED

www.iyfnet.org/ www.sparkseed.org
The International Youth Foundation believes that educated, employed, and engaged young people possess the Sparkseed is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization that exists to develop the next generation of social entrepreneurs
power to solve the world’s toughest problems. IYF’s programs are catalysts for change that help youth learn, and increase their impact on society. Each year, Sparkseed selects up to ten student-led social ventures and
work, and lead. Recognizing that no one sector of society alone has the resources or expertise to effectively provides the social innovators who lead these ventures (both for profit and nonprofit) with six months of
address the myriad challenges facing today’s youth, IYF mobilizes a global community of businesses, support including: mentoring from entrepreneurs and executives, pro-bono consulting from business and
governments, and civil society organizations — each committed to developing the power and promise of young nonprofit professionals, up to $11,000 in seed money towards start-up costs, webinars that teach necessary
people. Since 1990, 54 public and private sector donors have invested $163 million to maximize the impact skills, $10,000 in web tools, and a three-day summit in Silicon Valley that includes networking, skill-building,
and reach of youth development programs. In all, IYF has provided grants to 332 organizations in and strategic planning.
86 countries.
THE UNREASONABLE INSTITUTE
JOSHUA VENTURE GROUP (JVG) http://unreasonableinstitute.org
www.JoshuaVentureGroup.org Through an intensive application process, early-stage entrepreneurs are chosen to become Unreasonable
Joshua Venture Group identifies emerging leaders in the Jewish world and champions their visions for social Fellows and attend the Unreasonable Institute where they receive rigorous and practical training and
change. Through their primary initiative, the Dual Investment Program, JVG works with US-based social mentoring from serial entrepreneurs, globally recognized thought leaders and innovators, and leading
entrepreneurs leading early-stage ventures over a two-year period, to help them grow and strengthen their investors. Consultants lead weekly workshops and sessions for Unreasonable Fellows on prototype
professional and organizational capacities. Through an infusion of financial and consultative resources, along development, legal structure, design, raising capital, marketing, and more. Each Unreasonable Fellow
with semi-annual retreats, workshops, and networking opportunities, JVG seeks to help these young leaders graduates the Institute ready to execute on their financially viable and globally scalable venture.
shape ventures that will reinvigorate and expand the Jewish landscape.
YOUTH VENTURE
THE LEMELSON FOUNDATION www.genv.net
www.lemelson.org Youth Venture was launched with the vision that everyone in society could take initiative and address social
Established in 1993 by Jerome Lemelson, one of America’s most prolific inventors, The Lemelson Foundation needs, rather than looking to the elite few who lead today. Youth Venture inspires and invests in teams of
uses its resources to inspire, encourage and recognize inventors, innovators and entrepreneurs to support young people to design and launch their own lasting social ventures, enabling them to have this transformative
invention-led economic, social and environmentally sustainable development. It has donated or committed experience of leading positive social change. Started in the US, Youth Venture now operates internationally.
more than $150 million in support of its mission to improve lives through invention in the U.S. and Youth Venturers (ages 12-20) start businesses, civil society organizations and informal programs that address
developing countries. all kinds of social issues, including poverty, health, the elderly, the environment, education, diversity issues,
and the arts. Youth Venture helps venturers through the process of designing and launching their ventures,
THE SCHWAB FOUNDATION FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP providing guidance, how-to’s and a process for designing and pitching a venture idea.
www.schwabfound.org
The Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship provides unparalleled platforms at the country, regional YOUTH SOCIAL ENTERPRISE INITIATIVE
and global levels that highlight social entrepreneurship as a key element to advance societies and address www.ysei.org/
social problems in an innovative and effective manner. The Schwab Foundation does not give grants or invest Youth Social Enterprise Initiative (YSEI) is a high-engagement social venture program for emerging young
financially in the organizations of its selected social entrepreneurs. Rather, it uses its resources to create social entrepreneurs in developing countries. Through the Emergence Fellowship, YSEI aims to invest in
unprecedented opportunities where social entrepreneurs who have successfully implemented and scaled their young visionaries who have big ideas and who need crucial startup support to turn their ideas into action.
transformational ideas can further the legitimacy of their work, have access to usually inaccessible networks, The start-up support includes: startup financing up to $15,000, essential development knowledge and tools
and mobilize financial and in-kind resources that enable them to continue to strengthen and expand. on social entrepreneurship, technical consulting through mentorship, and access to diverse networks.
VIII. ROLE MODELS IX. COMMUNITY AND CULTURE
The pathway to become a force for social good is not always clear. Witnessing the real-life passion and Setting up the conditions for social entrepreneurship to thrive on campus requires a culture of innovation,
work of a social entrepreneur can be the powerful spark that inspires a new ambition, academic interest risk-taking and building a community among people committed to social change. A social entrepreneurial
or professional direction. Such an experience offers students, faculty, administrators, and staff examples culture shift includes permeating all levels of the campus ecosystem, and building bridges across disciplines
of what is possible, proven pathways, and inspires them to chart new paths for advancing social change. and faculty and with business and social entrepreneurs beyond the campus walls. Connections to networks
and conferences help to build a community for and culture of social entrepreneurship. Disclaimer: these
A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR IN RESIDENCE — A PROGRAM OF ASHOKA U listings have been derived from original sources.
The Social Entrepreneur in Residence program makes it possible for an Ashoka Fellow to join a university
or college community for a period of two days to two weeks. During the residency, members of the campus A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONFERENCES AND EVENTS
community are inspired to embrace the spirit and tactics of social entrepreneurship and to strive for social impact This section details a number of conferences and events that are dedicated to improving research and teaching
in their chosen career fields. The institution is inspired to and informed about how to create a comprehensive, and that support social entrepreneurs.
leading social entrepreneurship education program on campus.
The Social Entrepreneur in Residence: a program of Ashoka U is designed to encourage participation from all ACADEMIC
stakeholders of the campus community. Successful programs have been held at Marquette University, Indiana
University, Washington University in St. Louis and Arizona State University, among others. ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT
Host: Academy of Management
http://aomonline.org
Elements may include:
Academic Class Session Visits The Academy of Management (AOM) is a leading professional association for scholars dedicated to
Social Entrepreneur Panels and Events creating and disseminating knowledge about management and organizations. The organization produces
Individual Advising / Office Hours four journals and a quarterly newsletter and holds annual meetings, which typically include several
sessions on social entrepreneurship.
Social Entrepreneurship 101 Roundtable
At the completion of the residency the institution has insight into the:
ARNOVA ANNUAL CONFERENCE
Host: Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action
Level of cross-campus familiarity with social entrepreneurship and interest in social entrepreneurship
www.arnova.org
Faculty and administrators who self-identify as leaders to grow social entrepreneurship education
Nature of the interests of students with regard to social entrepreneurship Each year, Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) holds
an annual conference that brings together researchers, scholars, and practitioners from around the world to
present and discuss papers related to issues in nonprofit studies, voluntary action, and philanthropy.
Contact: To schedule a residency, please contact AshokaU@ashoka.org or visit www.ashokau.org
to learn more.
ASHOKA U EXCHANGE
Host: Ashoka U, the college and university division of Ashoka:
Innovators for the Public
http://ashokau.org/exchange/
The Ashoka U Exchange is a meeting place between social entrepreneurship educators, students, practitioners,
employers, and investors who are actively engaged in building the field of social entrepreneurship education.
Together, we ask and answer: How can colleges and universities drive positive global change?
VIII. ROLE MODELS IX. COMMUNITY AND CULTURE
The pathway to become a force for social good is not always clear. Witnessing the real-life passion and Setting up the conditions for social entrepreneurship to thrive on campus requires a culture of innovation,
work of a social entrepreneur can be the powerful spark that inspires a new ambition, academic interest risk-taking and building a community among people committed to social change. A social entrepreneurial
or professional direction. Such an experience offers students, faculty, administrators, and staff examples culture shift includes permeating all levels of the campus ecosystem, and building bridges across disciplines
of what is possible, proven pathways, and inspires them to chart new paths for advancing social change. and faculty and with business and social entrepreneurs beyond the campus walls. Connections to networks
and conferences help to build a community for and culture of social entrepreneurship. Disclaimer: these
A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR IN RESIDENCE — A PROGRAM OF ASHOKA U listings have been derived from original sources.
The Social Entrepreneur in Residence program makes it possible for an Ashoka Fellow to join a university
or college community for a period of two days to two weeks. During the residency, members of the campus A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONFERENCES AND EVENTS
community are inspired to embrace the spirit and tactics of social entrepreneurship and to strive for social impact This section details a number of conferences and events that are dedicated to improving research and teaching
in their chosen career fields. The institution is inspired to and informed about how to create a comprehensive, and that support social entrepreneurs.
leading social entrepreneurship education program on campus.
The Social Entrepreneur in Residence: a program of Ashoka U is designed to encourage participation from all ACADEMIC
stakeholders of the campus community. Successful programs have been held at Marquette University, Indiana
University, Washington University in St. Louis and Arizona State University, among others. ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT
Host: Academy of Management
http://aomonline.org
Elements may include:
Academic Class Session Visits The Academy of Management (AOM) is a leading professional association for scholars dedicated to
Social Entrepreneur Panels and Events creating and disseminating knowledge about management and organizations. The organization produces
Individual Advising / Office Hours four journals and a quarterly newsletter and holds annual meetings, which typically include several
sessions on social entrepreneurship.
Social Entrepreneurship 101 Roundtable
At the completion of the residency the institution has insight into the:
ARNOVA ANNUAL CONFERENCE
Host: Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action
Level of cross-campus familiarity with social entrepreneurship and interest in social entrepreneurship
www.arnova.org
Faculty and administrators who self-identify as leaders to grow social entrepreneurship education
Nature of the interests of students with regard to social entrepreneurship Each year, Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) holds
an annual conference that brings together researchers, scholars, and practitioners from around the world to
present and discuss papers related to issues in nonprofit studies, voluntary action, and philanthropy.
Contact: To schedule a residency, please contact AshokaU@ashoka.org or visit www.ashokau.org
to learn more.
ASHOKA U EXCHANGE
Host: Ashoka U, the college and university division of Ashoka:
Innovators for the Public
http://ashokau.org/exchange/
The Ashoka U Exchange is a meeting place between social entrepreneurship educators, students, practitioners,
employers, and investors who are actively engaged in building the field of social entrepreneurship education.
Together, we ask and answer: How can colleges and universities drive positive global change?
EMES PH.D. INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL GLOBAL SOCIAL VENTURE CONFERENCE
Host: Roskilde University Host: Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley
www.emes.net http://www.gsvc.org/conference/
The three Social Economy pillars: Social Entrepreneurship, Social Economy and Solidarity Economy are the The Global Social Venture Conference is a two day event that comprises of a Global Finals competition for
focus of the EMES International PhD summer school. The summer school will work on the clarification of the social entrepreneurship and a conference on cutting edge social impact issues.
distinctions and similarities, relationships and differences between the various flags of social economy, social
entrepreneurship, and solidarity economy. KELLOGG INNOVATING SOCIAL CHANGE CONFERENCE
Host: Northwestern University
EMES & INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THIRD SECTOR RESEARCH https://kellogg-isc.campusgroups.com/web_page.aspx?order=1&id=10128
(ISTR) CONFERENCE
The Innovating Social Change conference brings together leaders from across sectors to discuss strategies
Host: EMES & International Society for the Third Sector
by which all organizations can implement innovative social practices that transform their organizations and
www.emes.net
the world.
The EMES works with the ISTR, to offer a conference where participants exchange ideas and research
findings about the third sector, the social and solidarity-based economy, social enterprise and social SHINE
entrepreneurship, among other themes. Host: SHINE
http://shineunconference.co.uk/Home
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SMALL BUSINESS (ICSB)
SHINE, a three day unconference in the UK for social entrepreneurs offers a mini-business school with all the
WORLD CONFERENCE
elements social entrepreneurs need to grow fast: practical support, inspiration, services, tools and connections.
Host: The International Council for Small Business
www.icsb.org
SKOLL WORLD FORUM ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
The ICSB World Conference hosts a track on social entrepreneurship theory, teaching and practice Host: University of Oxford
for researchers, educators, policy makers and business service providers from around the world. www.skollworldforum.com
The Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurship, an annual conference that attracts a cast of over 700
NYU ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
speakers, change-makers, and opinion-leaders from the social, academic, business and public sectors and
Host: New York University - Stern School of Business
more than 40 countries, offers plenaries, panels, events and interactive workshops designed to discuss the
http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/berkley/social.cfm?doc_id=1872 most pressing issues for social entrepreneurs worldwide.
The three day annual Satter Conference of Social Entrepreneurs is dedicated to the ongoing development
of theory and research on social entrepreneurship and its impact on global communities. The third day is SOCIAL ENTERPRISE SUMMIT
a practitioner conference focused on the needs of social entrepreneurs. Host: Social Enterprise Alliance
www.se-alliance.org/events_gathering8.cfm
PRACTITIONER The Social Enterprise Summit is a North American community-building event that convenes over 600
entrepreneurial executives and managers from leading nonprofits and social purpose businesses to focus
EXECUTIVE PROGRAM IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
on using earned income strategies to advance a social mission.
Host: Stanford University
www.gsb.stanford.edu/exed/epse
SOCIAL VENTURE CAPITAL/SOCIAL ENTERPRISE CONFERENCE
The Executive Program in Social Entrepreneurship is tailored to the needs and challenges facing successful Host: DVK
social entrepreneurs, with curriculum to help participants take enterprises and innovative models to the next www.connectionmiami.com/
level by refining their innovations and leveraging their impact.
Social Venture Capital / Social Enterprise Conference is an opportunity to learn, network, and connect with
hundreds of top social enterprise/financial leaders and organizations from Latin America, the Caribbean, and
the state of Florida, in addition to organizations worldwide which have an interest in expanding to the region.
EMES PH.D. INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL GLOBAL SOCIAL VENTURE CONFERENCE
Host: Roskilde University Host: Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley
www.emes.net http://www.gsvc.org/conference/
The three Social Economy pillars: Social Entrepreneurship, Social Economy and Solidarity Economy are the The Global Social Venture Conference is a two day event that comprises of a Global Finals competition for
focus of the EMES International PhD summer school. The summer school will work on the clarification of the social entrepreneurship and a conference on cutting edge social impact issues.
distinctions and similarities, relationships and differences between the various flags of social economy, social
entrepreneurship, and solidarity economy. KELLOGG INNOVATING SOCIAL CHANGE CONFERENCE
Host: Northwestern University
EMES & INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THIRD SECTOR RESEARCH https://kellogg-isc.campusgroups.com/web_page.aspx?order=1&id=10128
(ISTR) CONFERENCE
The Innovating Social Change conference brings together leaders from across sectors to discuss strategies
Host: EMES & International Society for the Third Sector
by which all organizations can implement innovative social practices that transform their organizations and
www.emes.net
the world.
The EMES works with the ISTR, to offer a conference where participants exchange ideas and research
findings about the third sector, the social and solidarity-based economy, social enterprise and social SHINE
entrepreneurship, among other themes. Host: SHINE
http://shineunconference.co.uk/Home
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SMALL BUSINESS (ICSB)
SHINE, a three day unconference in the UK for social entrepreneurs offers a mini-business school with all the
WORLD CONFERENCE
elements social entrepreneurs need to grow fast: practical support, inspiration, services, tools and connections.
Host: The International Council for Small Business
www.icsb.org
SKOLL WORLD FORUM ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
The ICSB World Conference hosts a track on social entrepreneurship theory, teaching and practice Host: University of Oxford
for researchers, educators, policy makers and business service providers from around the world. www.skollworldforum.com
The Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurship, an annual conference that attracts a cast of over 700
NYU ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
speakers, change-makers, and opinion-leaders from the social, academic, business and public sectors and
Host: New York University - Stern School of Business
more than 40 countries, offers plenaries, panels, events and interactive workshops designed to discuss the
http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/berkley/social.cfm?doc_id=1872 most pressing issues for social entrepreneurs worldwide.
The three day annual Satter Conference of Social Entrepreneurs is dedicated to the ongoing development
of theory and research on social entrepreneurship and its impact on global communities. The third day is SOCIAL ENTERPRISE SUMMIT
a practitioner conference focused on the needs of social entrepreneurs. Host: Social Enterprise Alliance
www.se-alliance.org/events_gathering8.cfm
PRACTITIONER The Social Enterprise Summit is a North American community-building event that convenes over 600
entrepreneurial executives and managers from leading nonprofits and social purpose businesses to focus
EXECUTIVE PROGRAM IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
on using earned income strategies to advance a social mission.
Host: Stanford University
www.gsb.stanford.edu/exed/epse
SOCIAL VENTURE CAPITAL/SOCIAL ENTERPRISE CONFERENCE
The Executive Program in Social Entrepreneurship is tailored to the needs and challenges facing successful Host: DVK
social entrepreneurs, with curriculum to help participants take enterprises and innovative models to the next www.connectionmiami.com/
level by refining their innovations and leveraging their impact.
Social Venture Capital / Social Enterprise Conference is an opportunity to learn, network, and connect with
hundreds of top social enterprise/financial leaders and organizations from Latin America, the Caribbean, and
the state of Florida, in addition to organizations worldwide which have an interest in expanding to the region.
US ASSOCIATION FOR SMALL BUSINESS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP (USABE) DUKE CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS
Host: USASBE & SOCIAL IMPACT (SBSI)
www.usasbe.org/conference/ Host: Duke Fuqua School of Business Net Impact Club
http://dukembanetimpact.org/sbsi/index.php
With a diverse mix of insightful papers and provocative workshops, the annual USASBE conference is a
gathering of entrepreneurship scholars and educators and includes a popular social entrepreneurship track The Duke Conference on Sustainable Business and Social Impact aims to educate and inspire students
focused on research, teaching and action. and local professionals on rapidly evolving opportunities to create positive and sustainable change.
WORLD ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT EMERGE

Host: World Entrepreneur Society Host: University of Oxford
www.wessociety.com/Summits/ www.theemergeconference.org
The World Entrepreneurship Summit brings together thought leaders, business leaders, policy makers and Created by Student Hubs and the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship, Emerge, a UK conference on
academics from around the world to set the agenda for action around entrepreneurs and their role in enabling social entrepreneurship for students aims to inspire, connect, and support students with a passion for business
sustainable economic development. and social change.
STUDENT HARVARD SOCIAL ENTERPRISE CONFERENCE

Host: Harvard University
AIESEC http://socialenterpriseconference.org/
Host: AIESEC
www.aiesec.org The Social Enterprise Conference hosts speakers and panelists with a wealth of knowledge and experience
in innovative, cross-sectoral approaches to addressing social issues.
AIESEC, the world’s largest student organization, is the international platform for young people to discover
and develop their potential to have a positive impact on society. AIESEC delivers over 350 conferences
NET IMPACT CONFERENCE
annually to its membership of over 22,000 students.
Host: Net Impact
www.netimpact.org
APPALACHIAN IDEAS NETWORK
Host: University of Kentucky, Berea College and a Partnership of Appalachian Colleges The Net Impact Conference challenges attendees to think deeply about current issues and trends in the
and Universities business world, while engaging them to take an action-oriented plan for change back to their communities.
www.appalachiancenter.org/ideas
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE SYMPOSIUM
The Appalachian IDEAS Network is a regional, multi-university, social-entrepreneurial education initiative
Host: University of Maryland
led by the University of Kentucky and Berea College. Appalachian IDEAS acronym stands for Innovation,
www.rhsmith.umd.edu/ses/
Development, Enterprise, Action, and Service. The initiative is designed to equip Appalachian students with
knowledge, skills and resources to develop entrepreneurial ventures that address challenges within their The Social Enterprise Symposium, which is streamed live to campuses across the country, is a student-run
local communities. conference that brings together private, public, and nonprofit practitioners who are crossing traditional
barriers and creating new methodologies for making impactful, lasting social change around the world using
BYU ANNUAL ECONOMIC SELF-RELIANCE CONFERENCE market-based approaches.
Host: Brigham Young University
http://ce.byu.edu/cw/esr/ STARTINGBLOC: THE INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION
Host: StartingBloc
The BYU Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program holds a yearly social entrepreneurship conference and a
www.startingbloc.org
multi-university, global social entrepreneurship case competition each February on the Thursday, Friday, and
Saturday ten days ahead of President’s Day. StartingBloc provides socially conscious students and young professionals with the training, experience, and
networks necessary to drive social, economic, and environmental innovation through their careers and lives as
engaged citizens. Starting Bloc operates The Institute for Social Innovation—a four-day fellowship program in
social change.
US ASSOCIATION FOR SMALL BUSINESS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP (USABE) DUKE CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS
Host: USASBE & SOCIAL IMPACT (SBSI)
www.usasbe.org/conference/ Host: Duke Fuqua School of Business Net Impact Club
http://dukembanetimpact.org/sbsi/index.php
With a diverse mix of insightful papers and provocative workshops, the annual USASBE conference is a
gathering of entrepreneurship scholars and educators and includes a popular social entrepreneurship track The Duke Conference on Sustainable Business and Social Impact aims to educate and inspire students
focused on research, teaching and action. and local professionals on rapidly evolving opportunities to create positive and sustainable change.
WORLD ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT EMERGE

Host: World Entrepreneur Society Host: University of Oxford
www.wessociety.com/Summits/ www.theemergeconference.org
The World Entrepreneurship Summit brings together thought leaders, business leaders, policy makers and Created by Student Hubs and the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship, Emerge, a UK conference on
academics from around the world to set the agenda for action around entrepreneurs and their role in enabling social entrepreneurship for students aims to inspire, connect, and support students with a passion for business
sustainable economic development. and social change.
STUDENT HARVARD SOCIAL ENTERPRISE CONFERENCE

Host: Harvard University
AIESEC http://socialenterpriseconference.org/
Host: AIESEC
www.aiesec.org The Social Enterprise Conference hosts speakers and panelists with a wealth of knowledge and experience
in innovative, cross-sectoral approaches to addressing social issues.
AIESEC, the world’s largest student organization, is the international platform for young people to discover
and develop their potential to have a positive impact on society. AIESEC delivers over 350 conferences
NET IMPACT CONFERENCE
annually to its membership of over 22,000 students.
Host: Net Impact
www.netimpact.org
APPALACHIAN IDEAS NETWORK
Host: University of Kentucky, Berea College and a Partnership of Appalachian Colleges The Net Impact Conference challenges attendees to think deeply about current issues and trends in the
and Universities business world, while engaging them to take an action-oriented plan for change back to their communities.
www.appalachiancenter.org/ideas
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE SYMPOSIUM
The Appalachian IDEAS Network is a regional, multi-university, social-entrepreneurial education initiative
Host: University of Maryland
led by the University of Kentucky and Berea College. Appalachian IDEAS acronym stands for Innovation,
www.rhsmith.umd.edu/ses/
Development, Enterprise, Action, and Service. The initiative is designed to equip Appalachian students with
knowledge, skills and resources to develop entrepreneurial ventures that address challenges within their The Social Enterprise Symposium, which is streamed live to campuses across the country, is a student-run
local communities. conference that brings together private, public, and nonprofit practitioners who are crossing traditional
barriers and creating new methodologies for making impactful, lasting social change around the world using
BYU ANNUAL ECONOMIC SELF-RELIANCE CONFERENCE market-based approaches.
Host: Brigham Young University
http://ce.byu.edu/cw/esr/ STARTINGBLOC: THE INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION
Host: StartingBloc
The BYU Peery Social Entrepreneurship Program holds a yearly social entrepreneurship conference and a
www.startingbloc.org
multi-university, global social entrepreneurship case competition each February on the Thursday, Friday, and
Saturday ten days ahead of President’s Day. StartingBloc provides socially conscious students and young professionals with the training, experience, and
networks necessary to drive social, economic, and environmental innovation through their careers and lives as
engaged citizens. Starting Bloc operates The Institute for Social Innovation—a four-day fellowship program in
social change.
X. GLOBAL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP A VARIETY OF LEGAL FORMS: OLD AND NEW
In the past two decades, more than sixteen new laws can be identified across European countries to provide new
FACULTY DIRECTORY legal forms for social enterprise. The Italian Parliament started off this trend when they passed a law in 1991 creating
a new legal form of “social cooperative” which proved to be very well adapted to social enterprises. In France,
ABOUT THE FACULTY DIRECTORY FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP Portugal, Spain and Greece, these new legal forms are of the co-operative type. Belgium, the UK and Italy (with a
The Faculty Directory for Social Entrepreneurship is a catalog of the growing cadre of academics around second law passed in 2006) chose more open models of social enterprise. Although newly created legal forms may
the world who are collectively building the field of social entrepreneurship. The faculty listing illustrates the prove to be important tools in some countries, most social enterprises, even in countries where these new legal forms
impressive diversity and widespread geographic dispersion of faculty who are teaching, researching, and working have emerged, still adopt long-existing legal forms, namely those of association, co-operative, company limited by
with students to advance the study and practice of social entrepreneurship. We hope this is a valuable, useful guarantee or by share, and Industrial and Provident Societies in the UK. In some cases, social enterprises adopt
resource that will enable and inspire you to reach out to connect with your peers around the world. traditional business legal forms.
We would like to thank representatives from a variety of faculty networks for their insights on social
entrepreneurship in their parts of the world:
A PLURALITY OF CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
A. Europe: Marthe Nyssens from the Université Catholique de Louvain, who is a founding member of In the European academic landscape, different schools of thought on social enterprise and social entrepreneurship
the European Research Network (EMES); coexist today. Major analytical efforts were undertaken in the second part of the 1990s, both at the conceptual and
empirical levels, especially by the EMES European Research Network. Various authors from European business
B. Latin and South America: Roberto Gutiérrez from the Universidad de los Andes, founding member of schools, such as Nicholls and Mair, Robinson, and Hockerts, among others, contributed to the debate, relying on
the Social Enterprise Knowledge Network (SEKN); the concept of social entrepreneurship as it took roots in the US context. Based on these different influences, it was
suggested to reshape the typology presented by Dees and Anderson (2006) by distinguishing 3 different schools of
C. North America: Robert S. D’Intino from Rowan University who helped launch the Social
thought (Defourny and Nyssens, 2010).
Entrepreneurship Special Interest group in the United States Association for Small Business
and Entrepreneurship (USASBE);
The first school of thought, the “earned income” school, is one in which a social enterprise can be defined as
D. Asia: Marie Lisa Dacanay who founded the Ateneo De Manila University; an organization that trades for a social purpose. Such a vision is shared by some European policies, which
tend to require a market orientation for social enterprises. In the United Kingdom, for example, social
E. Africa: Susan Steinman from the University of Johannesburg and Head of the Centre for Social enterprises are seen first and foremost as businesses.
Entrepreneurship and Social Economy; and
A second school of thought, “social innovation”, is also present in Europe, through organizations such as
F. Australia: Ian Jones from RMIT College of Business, and has served as a founding student leader in Ashoka. It mainly stresses innovative initiatives launched by social entrepreneurs to address social challenges.
Social Entrepreneurship and Interim Program Coordinator for the Social Entrepreneurship Program Outcomes are more important than incomes and the centrality of the social mission generally implies a very
specific mix of human and financial resources.
The institutions and faculty included in this directory have been verified by the Ashoka U team to be actively
teaching courses and/or conducting research related to social entrepreneurship. To update your contact The third school of thought, the EMES approach, derives from extensive dialogue among several disciplines
information or be included in future editions; please contact ashokau@ashoka.org (economics, sociology, political science and management) as well as among the various national traditions present in
Europe. For EMES, social enterprises are not-for-profit private organizations providing goods or services directly
A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN EUROPE related to an explicit aim to benefit the community. They generally rely on collective dynamics involving various types of
Marthe Nyssens, Université Catholique de Louvain European Research Network (EMES) stakeholders in their governing bodies. Social enterprises place a high value on their autonomy and they bear economic
In Europe, the concept of social entrepreneurship made its first appearance in the early 1990s, when the risks related to their activity. Such an approach never intended to represent a set of conditions that an organization
identification of entrepreneurial dynamics arose in the third sector, primarily in response to social needs that should meet to qualify as a social enterprise. Rather than constituting prescriptive criteria, they describe an “ideal-type”
had been inadequately met, or not met at all, by public services or for profit enterprises. Most scholars in the in Weber’s terms (i.e. an abstract construction that enables researchers to position themselves within the “galaxy” of
European tradition see the third sector as bringing together all not-for-profit organizations into what is commonly social enterprises). While stressing a social aim embedded in an economic activity as in the two previous schools, the
labeled the “social economy” in some European countries. EMES approach differs mainly from them by stressing specific governance models, rather than the profile and centrality
of social entrepreneurs. At the center of these governance models is democratic control and/or the participatory
involvement of stakeholders that reflects a quest for more economic democracy inside the enterprise, in the line of the
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE: A WIDENING SPECTRUM OF tradition of cooperatives which represent a major component of the third sector in most European traditions.
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Social enterprises may be active in a wide spectrum of activities because the “social purpose” they pursue may REFERENCES
refer to many different fields. In Europe, the traditional main objectives of social enterprises was workforce Dees, J.G., Battle Anderson, B. (2006), Framing a Theory of Social Entrepreneurship: Building on Two Schools of
integration for unemployed people at risk of permanent exclusion from the labor market. Social enterprises Practice and Thought, in Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding and Contributing to an Emerging
were typically set up to integrate these individuals into work and society through a productive activity. Field, Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) Occasional Paper
Today, social enterprises may also be set up to foster local development, environmental activities, Series, 39-66.
provision of social and personal services, ethical finance, fair trade, cultural creation among other objectives. Defourny, J. and Nyssens, M. (2010), Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe and
the United States: Convergences and Divergences, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 32-53.
X. GLOBAL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP A VARIETY OF LEGAL FORMS: OLD AND NEW
In the past two decades, more than sixteen new laws can be identified across European countries to provide new
FACULTY DIRECTORY legal forms for social enterprise. The Italian Parliament started off this trend when they passed a law in 1991 creating
a new legal form of “social cooperative” which proved to be very well adapted to social enterprises. In France,
ABOUT THE FACULTY DIRECTORY FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP Portugal, Spain and Greece, these new legal forms are of the co-operative type. Belgium, the UK and Italy (with a
The Faculty Directory for Social Entrepreneurship is a catalog of the growing cadre of academics around second law passed in 2006) chose more open models of social enterprise. Although newly created legal forms may
the world who are collectively building the field of social entrepreneurship. The faculty listing illustrates the prove to be important tools in some countries, most social enterprises, even in countries where these new legal forms
impressive diversity and widespread geographic dispersion of faculty who are teaching, researching, and working have emerged, still adopt long-existing legal forms, namely those of association, co-operative, company limited by
with students to advance the study and practice of social entrepreneurship. We hope this is a valuable, useful guarantee or by share, and Industrial and Provident Societies in the UK. In some cases, social enterprises adopt
resource that will enable and inspire you to reach out to connect with your peers around the world. traditional business legal forms.
We would like to thank representatives from a variety of faculty networks for their insights on social
entrepreneurship in their parts of the world:
A PLURALITY OF CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
A. Europe: Marthe Nyssens from the Université Catholique de Louvain, who is a founding member of In the European academic landscape, different schools of thought on social enterprise and social entrepreneurship
the European Research Network (EMES); coexist today. Major analytical efforts were undertaken in the second part of the 1990s, both at the conceptual and
empirical levels, especially by the EMES European Research Network. Various authors from European business
B. Latin and South America: Roberto Gutiérrez from the Universidad de los Andes, founding member of schools, such as Nicholls and Mair, Robinson, and Hockerts, among others, contributed to the debate, relying on
the Social Enterprise Knowledge Network (SEKN); the concept of social entrepreneurship as it took roots in the US context. Based on these different influences, it was
suggested to reshape the typology presented by Dees and Anderson (2006) by distinguishing 3 different schools of
C. North America: Robert S. D’Intino from Rowan University who helped launch the Social
thought (Defourny and Nyssens, 2010).
Entrepreneurship Special Interest group in the United States Association for Small Business
and Entrepreneurship (USASBE);
The first school of thought, the “earned income” school, is one in which a social enterprise can be defined as
D. Asia: Marie Lisa Dacanay who founded the Ateneo De Manila University; an organization that trades for a social purpose. Such a vision is shared by some European policies, which
tend to require a market orientation for social enterprises. In the United Kingdom, for example, social
E. Africa: Susan Steinman from the University of Johannesburg and Head of the Centre for Social enterprises are seen first and foremost as businesses.
Entrepreneurship and Social Economy; and
A second school of thought, “social innovation”, is also present in Europe, through organizations such as
F. Australia: Ian Jones from RMIT College of Business, and has served as a founding student leader in Ashoka. It mainly stresses innovative initiatives launched by social entrepreneurs to address social challenges.
Social Entrepreneurship and Interim Program Coordinator for the Social Entrepreneurship Program Outcomes are more important than incomes and the centrality of the social mission generally implies a very
specific mix of human and financial resources.
The institutions and faculty included in this directory have been verified by the Ashoka U team to be actively
teaching courses and/or conducting research related to social entrepreneurship. To update your contact The third school of thought, the EMES approach, derives from extensive dialogue among several disciplines
information or be included in future editions; please contact ashokau@ashoka.org (economics, sociology, political science and management) as well as among the various national traditions present in
Europe. For EMES, social enterprises are not-for-profit private organizations providing goods or services directly
A. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN EUROPE related to an explicit aim to benefit the community. They generally rely on collective dynamics involving various types of
Marthe Nyssens, Université Catholique de Louvain European Research Network (EMES) stakeholders in their governing bodies. Social enterprises place a high value on their autonomy and they bear economic
In Europe, the concept of social entrepreneurship made its first appearance in the early 1990s, when the risks related to their activity. Such an approach never intended to represent a set of conditions that an organization
identification of entrepreneurial dynamics arose in the third sector, primarily in response to social needs that should meet to qualify as a social enterprise. Rather than constituting prescriptive criteria, they describe an “ideal-type”
had been inadequately met, or not met at all, by public services or for profit enterprises. Most scholars in the in Weber’s terms (i.e. an abstract construction that enables researchers to position themselves within the “galaxy” of
European tradition see the third sector as bringing together all not-for-profit organizations into what is commonly social enterprises). While stressing a social aim embedded in an economic activity as in the two previous schools, the
labeled the “social economy” in some European countries. EMES approach differs mainly from them by stressing specific governance models, rather than the profile and centrality
of social entrepreneurs. At the center of these governance models is democratic control and/or the participatory
involvement of stakeholders that reflects a quest for more economic democracy inside the enterprise, in the line of the
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE: A WIDENING SPECTRUM OF tradition of cooperatives which represent a major component of the third sector in most European traditions.
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Social enterprises may be active in a wide spectrum of activities because the “social purpose” they pursue may REFERENCES
refer to many different fields. In Europe, the traditional main objectives of social enterprises was workforce Dees, J.G., Battle Anderson, B. (2006), Framing a Theory of Social Entrepreneurship: Building on Two Schools of
integration for unemployed people at risk of permanent exclusion from the labor market. Social enterprises Practice and Thought, in Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding and Contributing to an Emerging
were typically set up to integrate these individuals into work and society through a productive activity. Field, Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) Occasional Paper
Today, social enterprises may also be set up to foster local development, environmental activities, Series, 39-66.
provision of social and personal services, ethical finance, fair trade, cultural creation among other objectives. Defourny, J. and Nyssens, M. (2010), Conceptions of Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurship in Europe and
the United States: Convergences and Divergences, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 32-53.
EUROPE
ANGLIA RUSKIN BRESCIA UNIVERSITY CHALMERS UNIVERSITY ERASMUS UNIVERSITY GLASGOW CALEDONIAN INSEAD
UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, BRESCIA, ITALY OF TECHNOLOGY ROTTERDAM UNIVERSITY FONTAINEBLEAU,
UNITED KINGDOM Elisa Chiaf GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN ROTTERDAM, GLASGOW, SCOTLAND FRANCE
Lester Lloyd-Reason PhD and Research Fellow Kristina Henricson NETHERLANDS Dr. John Connell Hans Wahl
Professor, International chiaf@eco.unibs.it Ph.D. Candidate Brigitte Hoogendoorn Program Director Project Manager, INSEAD Social
Enterprise Strategy; Director, kristina.henricson@chalmers.se Assistant Professor Entrepreneurship Program
Centre for International Business CARDIFF UNIVERSITY bhoogendoorn@ese.eur.nl HENRI POINCARÉ hans.wahl@insead.edu
Karl Palmås
lester.lloyd-reason@anglia.ac.uk CARDIFF, UNIVERSITY
Researcher
UNITED KINGDOM ESADE NANCY, FRANCE INSTITUTE FOR
palmas@chalmers.se
AUTONOMOUS BARCELONA, SPAIN SOCIAL RESEARCH
Dr. Celine Chew Vincent Lhuillier
UNIVERSITY OF Lecturer, Marketing and Strategy OSLO, NORWAY
COPENHAGEN BUSINESS Ezequiel Reficco Assistant Professor, Public
BARCELONA chewc@cardiff.ac.uk Visiting Professor, Department Health School of Nancy Bernard Enjolras
SCHOOL, COPENHAGEN,
BARCELONA, SPAIN of Social Enterprise vincent.lhuillier Research Director, Civil Society
DENMARK
Elisabeth Ferri CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Ezequiel.Reficco@esade.edu @medecine.uhp-nancy.fr bernard.enjolras
Daniel Hjorth
Ph.D. Candidate OF LOUVAIN @socialresearch.no
Professor, Department of Alfred Vernis
elisabet.ferri@uab.cat LOUVAIN, BELGIUM IE BUSINESS SCHOOL
Management, Politics and Associate Professor, Department
MADRID, SPAIN INSTITUTE FOR THE
Andreia Lemaître Philosophy of Business Policy; Representative
BERLIN INSTITUTE Lecturer, Institute of Rachida Justo INTERNATIONAL
dhj.lpf@cbs.dk on the Social Enterprise
OF TECHNOLOGY Development Studies (IED) Assistant Professor, EDUCATION OF
Knowledge Network
BERLIN, GERMANY and Interdisciplinary Research Kai Hockerts Entrepreneurial Management STUDENTS
alfred.vernis@esade.edu
Centre for Work, State Associate Professor, Center for and Social Entrepreneurship BARCELONA, SPAIN
Dr. Karl Birkhölzer
and Society (CIRTES) Corporate Social Responsibility Tamyko Ysa Figueras Rachida.justo@ie.edu
Chair, Interdisciplinary Research Josep Miro
andreia.lemaitre@uclouvain.be Kai.Hockerts@cbs.dk Assistant Professor, Department
Group Local Social Economy Maria Cristina Martinez Sosa
IES Director
of Business Policy & Institute of
karl.birkhoelzer@tu-berlin.de Marthe Nyssens Ph.D. Candidate jmiro@iesbarcelona.org
DUNDALK INSTITUTE Public Management
Demet Tuncer Department of Economics, OF TECHNOLOGY tamyko.ysa@esade.edu cmartinez.phd2013
JÖNKÖPING
Doctoral Candidate CIRTES -I RES DUNDALK, IRELAND @alumno.ie.edu
Marthe.Nyssens@uclouvain. INTERNATIONAL
demettuncer@gmx.net ESSEC BUSINESS SCHOOL
Dr. Cecilia Hegarty BUSINESS SCHOOL
beCatholic University of the CERGY-POINTOISE IESE BUSINESS SCHOOL
Research and Program Manager, JÖNKÖPING, SWEDEN
BOCCONI UNIVERSITY Sacred Heart Milan, Italy CEDEX, FRANCE BARCELONA, SPAIN
Entrepreneurship
MILAN, ITALY Johanna Mair Ethel Brundin
Ute Stephan Cecilia.hegarty@dkit.ie Anne-Claire Pache
Professor; Faculty Director, Assistant Professor,
Carlo Rossi Chauvenet Post Doctoral Researcher, Assistant Professor,
Lorna Treanor Stanford Social Innovation Review Entrepreneurship, Marketing
Contract Professor of Civil Law Department of Managerial Social Entrepreneurship;
Research Manager, Centre for JMair@iese.edu Managementethel.brundin
chauvenet@unibocconi.it Economics, Strategy, Chaired Professor, Philanthropy
Entrepreneurship Research @ihh.hj.se
and Innovation pache@essec.fr Tomislav Rimac
Francesco Perrini lorna.treanor@dkit.ie
ute.stephan@econ.kuleuven.be Ph.D. Candidate
Professor, Management Thierry Sibieude KINGSTON UNIVERSITY
and CSR; SIF Chair of THE CATHOLIC EBS BUSINESS SCHOOL Academic Director, ESSEC doctrimac@iese.edu KINGSTON
Social Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY OF OESTRICH-WINKEL, Institute for Social Innovation and UPON THAMES,
francesco.perrini@unibocconi.it GERMANY Social Entrepreneurship; Chaired Christian Seelos
THE SACRED HEART UNITED KINGDOM
Professor, Social Entrepreneurship Director, IESE Platform for
Clodia Vurro MILAN, ITALY Florian Taeube David Stokes
sibieude@essec.fr Strategy and Sustainability
Post-doctoral Fellow, Business Benedetto Cannatelli Assistant Professor cseelos@iese.edu Director of Entrepreneurship
Administration and Management; Ph.D. Candidate florian.taeube@ebs.edu Rodolphe Vidal d.stokes@kingston.ac.uk
Research Fellow, Social benedetto.cannatelli@unicatt.it Lecturer, ESSEC Institute for
Entrepreneurship Social Innovation and Social
Barbara Imperatori
clodia.vurro@unibocconi.it Entrepreneurship
Associate Professor vidal@essec.fr
barbara.imperatori@unicatt.it
EUROPE
ANGLIA RUSKIN BRESCIA UNIVERSITY CHALMERS UNIVERSITY ERASMUS UNIVERSITY GLASGOW CALEDONIAN INSEAD
UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, BRESCIA, ITALY OF TECHNOLOGY ROTTERDAM UNIVERSITY FONTAINEBLEAU,
UNITED KINGDOM Elisa Chiaf GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN ROTTERDAM, GLASGOW, SCOTLAND FRANCE
Lester Lloyd-Reason PhD and Research Fellow Kristina Henricson NETHERLANDS Dr. John Connell Hans Wahl
Professor, International chiaf@eco.unibs.it Ph.D. Candidate Brigitte Hoogendoorn Program Director Project Manager, INSEAD Social
Enterprise Strategy; Director, kristina.henricson@chalmers.se Assistant Professor Entrepreneurship Program
Centre for International Business CARDIFF UNIVERSITY bhoogendoorn@ese.eur.nl HENRI POINCARÉ hans.wahl@insead.edu
Karl Palmås
lester.lloyd-reason@anglia.ac.uk CARDIFF, UNIVERSITY
Researcher
UNITED KINGDOM ESADE NANCY, FRANCE INSTITUTE FOR
palmas@chalmers.se
AUTONOMOUS BARCELONA, SPAIN SOCIAL RESEARCH
Dr. Celine Chew Vincent Lhuillier
UNIVERSITY OF Lecturer, Marketing and Strategy OSLO, NORWAY
COPENHAGEN BUSINESS Ezequiel Reficco Assistant Professor, Public
BARCELONA chewc@cardiff.ac.uk Visiting Professor, Department Health School of Nancy Bernard Enjolras
SCHOOL, COPENHAGEN,
BARCELONA, SPAIN of Social Enterprise vincent.lhuillier Research Director, Civil Society
DENMARK
Elisabeth Ferri CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Ezequiel.Reficco@esade.edu @medecine.uhp-nancy.fr bernard.enjolras
Daniel Hjorth
Ph.D. Candidate OF LOUVAIN @socialresearch.no
Professor, Department of Alfred Vernis
elisabet.ferri@uab.cat LOUVAIN, BELGIUM IE BUSINESS SCHOOL
Management, Politics and Associate Professor, Department
MADRID, SPAIN INSTITUTE FOR THE
Andreia Lemaître Philosophy of Business Policy; Representative
BERLIN INSTITUTE Lecturer, Institute of Rachida Justo INTERNATIONAL
dhj.lpf@cbs.dk on the Social Enterprise
OF TECHNOLOGY Development Studies (IED) Assistant Professor, EDUCATION OF
Knowledge Network
BERLIN, GERMANY and Interdisciplinary Research Kai Hockerts Entrepreneurial Management STUDENTS
alfred.vernis@esade.edu
Centre for Work, State Associate Professor, Center for and Social Entrepreneurship BARCELONA, SPAIN
Dr. Karl Birkhölzer
and Society (CIRTES) Corporate Social Responsibility Tamyko Ysa Figueras Rachida.justo@ie.edu
Chair, Interdisciplinary Research Josep Miro
andreia.lemaitre@uclouvain.be Kai.Hockerts@cbs.dk Assistant Professor, Department
Group Local Social Economy Maria Cristina Martinez Sosa
IES Director
of Business Policy & Institute of
karl.birkhoelzer@tu-berlin.de Marthe Nyssens Ph.D. Candidate jmiro@iesbarcelona.org
DUNDALK INSTITUTE Public Management
Demet Tuncer Department of Economics, OF TECHNOLOGY tamyko.ysa@esade.edu cmartinez.phd2013
JÖNKÖPING
Doctoral Candidate CIRTES -I RES DUNDALK, IRELAND @alumno.ie.edu
Marthe.Nyssens@uclouvain. INTERNATIONAL
demettuncer@gmx.net ESSEC BUSINESS SCHOOL
Dr. Cecilia Hegarty BUSINESS SCHOOL
beCatholic University of the CERGY-POINTOISE IESE BUSINESS SCHOOL
Research and Program Manager, JÖNKÖPING, SWEDEN
BOCCONI UNIVERSITY Sacred Heart Milan, Italy CEDEX, FRANCE BARCELONA, SPAIN
Entrepreneurship
MILAN, ITALY Johanna Mair Ethel Brundin
Ute Stephan Cecilia.hegarty@dkit.ie Anne-Claire Pache
Professor; Faculty Director, Assistant Professor,
Carlo Rossi Chauvenet Post Doctoral Researcher, Assistant Professor,
Lorna Treanor Stanford Social Innovation Review Entrepreneurship, Marketing
Contract Professor of Civil Law Department of Managerial Social Entrepreneurship;
Research Manager, Centre for JMair@iese.edu Managementethel.brundin
chauvenet@unibocconi.it Economics, Strategy, Chaired Professor, Philanthropy
Entrepreneurship Research @ihh.hj.se
and Innovation pache@essec.fr Tomislav Rimac
Francesco Perrini lorna.treanor@dkit.ie
ute.stephan@econ.kuleuven.be Ph.D. Candidate
Professor, Management Thierry Sibieude KINGSTON UNIVERSITY
and CSR; SIF Chair of THE CATHOLIC EBS BUSINESS SCHOOL Academic Director, ESSEC doctrimac@iese.edu KINGSTON
Social Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY OF OESTRICH-WINKEL, Institute for Social Innovation and UPON THAMES,
francesco.perrini@unibocconi.it GERMANY Social Entrepreneurship; Chaired Christian Seelos
THE SACRED HEART UNITED KINGDOM
Professor, Social Entrepreneurship Director, IESE Platform for
Clodia Vurro MILAN, ITALY Florian Taeube David Stokes
sibieude@essec.fr Strategy and Sustainability
Post-doctoral Fellow, Business Benedetto Cannatelli Assistant Professor cseelos@iese.edu Director of Entrepreneurship
Administration and Management; Ph.D. Candidate florian.taeube@ebs.edu Rodolphe Vidal d.stokes@kingston.ac.uk
Research Fellow, Social benedetto.cannatelli@unicatt.it Lecturer, ESSEC Institute for
Entrepreneurship Social Innovation and Social
Barbara Imperatori
clodia.vurro@unibocconi.it Entrepreneurship
Associate Professor vidal@essec.fr
barbara.imperatori@unicatt.it
EUROPE
KSL CIVIC ASSOCIATION LONDON LVIV POLYTECHNICAL OPEN UNIVERSITY TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF
FOR ADULT LEARNING BUSINESS SCHOOL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MILTON KEYNES, UNIVERSITY MUNICH BIRMINGHAM
HELSINKI, FINLAND LONDON, LVIV, UKRAINE UNITED KINGDOM MUNICH, GERMANY BIRMINGHAM,
Pekka Pattiniemi UNITED KINGDOM Viacheslav Dovbenko Mike Aiken Ann-Kristin Achleitner UNITED KINGDOM
Principal John Mullins Associate Professor Visiting Research Fellow, Scientific Co-Director, Center for Dr. Simon Teasdale
pekka.pattiniemi@ksl.fi Chair, Entrepreneurship Faculty vodol@LITech.lviv.ua Co-operatives Research Unit Entrepreneurial and Research Fellow
jmullins@london.edu m.aiken@open.ac.uk Financial Studies; Chair, S.Teasdale@tsrc.ac.uk
LANCASTER UNIVERSITY MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY Entrepreneurial Finance
Roger Spear
LANCASTER, UNITED LONDON SCHOOL LONDON, ann-kristin.achleitner@wi.tum.de UNIVERSITY
Senior Lecturer, Systems; Chair,
KINGDOM OF ECONOMICS AND UNITED KINGDOM OF BOLOGNA
Co-operatives Research Unit
POLITICAL SCIENCE THE UNIVERSITY BOLOGNA, ITALY
Jez Hall Maria Isabel Irurita r.g.spear@open.ac.uk
LONDON, OF MANCHESTER
Social Enterprise Research Doctoral Researcher Giuliana Gemelli
Associate, IEED UNITED KINGDOM m.irurita@mdx.ac.uk MANCHESTER,
ROSKILDE UNIVERSITY Associate Professor; Director,
jez.hall@good.co.uk UNITED KINGDOM Master in International Studies
Dr. Emmanuel Yujuico ROSKILDE, DENMARK
Fergus Lyon
Research Fellow, Dr. Amanda Berlan in Philanthropy and Social
Carole Howorth Professor, Enterprise Thomas Bisballe
Southeast Asia Research Fellow Entrepreneurship
Senior Lecturer, Entrepreneurship and Organizations Associate Professor,
International Affairs amanda.berlan giuliana.gemelli@unibo.it
c.howorth@lancaster.ac.uk f.lyon@tsrc.ac.uk Social Sciences
yujuico@gmail.com @manchester.ac.uk
bisballe@ruc.dk
Matt Macdonald UNIVERSITY
MID-SWEDEN
Research Assistant, IEED LONDON SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD
UNIVERSITY SHEFFIELD HALLAM
m.macdonald2@lancaster.ac.uk BANK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK BRADFORD,
HÄRNÖSAND, UNIVERSITY
SOUTHWARK, CORK, IRELAND UNITED KINGDOM
Caroline Parkinson SWEDEN SHEFFIELD,
Research Associate UNITED KINGDOM UNITED KINGDOM Olive McCarthy James Wallace
Victor Pestoff
c.parkinson1@lancaster.ac.uk Alexander Murdock Professor, Business Senior Lecturer
Professor, Political Science Dr. Rory Ridley-Duff
Professor and Development j.wallace1@bradford.ac.uk
victor.pestoff@esh.se Senior Lecturer, Human
LIVERPOOL JOHN alex.murdock@lsbu.ac.uk o.mccarthy@ucc.ie
Resource Management and Nelarine Cornelius
MOORES UNIVERSITY NOTTINGHAM Organization Behavior
Alibeth Somers Mary O’Shaughnessy Professor, HRM
LIVERPOOL, r.ridley-duff@shu.ac.uk Lecturer, Department of Food
Associate Course Director; Senior UNIVERSITY and Organization Studies
UNITED KINGDOM NOTTINGHAM, Business and Development n.cornelius@bradford.ac.uk
Lecturer, Public and Third Sector
Dr. Bob Doherty Management UNITED KINGDOM SÖDERTÖRNS mary.oshaughnessy@ucc.ie
Senior Lecturer, Social Enterprise somersa@lsbu.ac.uk UNIVERSITY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY
Chris Mahon
and Corporate Responsibility SÖDERTÖRN, SWEDEN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BRIGHTON
University Teacher,
R.Doherty@livjm.ac.uk LUND UNIVERSITY Yohanan Stryjan GHENT, GHENT, BELGIUM BRIGHTON,
Entrepreneurship; Director,
LUND, SWEDEN MBA in Entrepreneurship Professor and Head, Saskia Crucke UNITED KINGDOM
Dr. Chris Mason
Lecturer, Marketing C.Mason@ Maria Aggestam Chris.Mahon@nottingham.ac.uk Entrepreneurship Lector, saskia.crucke@hogent.be Clifford Conway
ljmu.ac.uk Researcher Research Program Small Business Research Unit
Nathalie Moray
maria.aggestam@fek.lu.se NYENRODE Yohanan.stryjan@sh.se C.Conway@brighton.ac.uk
John Meehan Docent, nathalie.moray@hogent.be
BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
Senior Lecturer, Hans Landström STOCKHOLM SCHOOL
BREUKELEN, UNIVERSITY
Strategic Management Professor; Chair in UNIVERSITY OF
NETHERLANDS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF CAMBRIDGE
J.P.Meehan@ljmu.ac.uk Entrepreneurship and APPLIED SCIENCES
STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN CAMBRIDGE,
Venture Finance Henk Kievit NORTHWESTERN
Adam Richards Research Associate, Netherlands Michael Schragger UNITED KINGDOM
Hans.Landstrom@fek.lu.se SWITZERLAND
Lecturer, Operations Management Institute for Social Venturing Course Director, Social Innovation WINDISCH, Paul Tracey
a.d.richards@livjm.ac.uk and Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship Reader, Organizational Behavior
SWITZERLAND
Maureen Royce h.kievit@nyenrode.nl mike.schragger@sses.se p.tracey@jbs.cam.ac.uk
Dr. Pascal Dey
Senior Lecturer, HRM pascal.dey@fhnw.ch
M.A.Royce@ljmu.ac.uk
EUROPE
KSL CIVIC ASSOCIATION LONDON LVIV POLYTECHNICAL OPEN UNIVERSITY TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF
FOR ADULT LEARNING BUSINESS SCHOOL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MILTON KEYNES, UNIVERSITY MUNICH BIRMINGHAM
HELSINKI, FINLAND LONDON, LVIV, UKRAINE UNITED KINGDOM MUNICH, GERMANY BIRMINGHAM,
Pekka Pattiniemi UNITED KINGDOM Viacheslav Dovbenko Mike Aiken Ann-Kristin Achleitner UNITED KINGDOM
Principal John Mullins Associate Professor Visiting Research Fellow, Scientific Co-Director, Center for Dr. Simon Teasdale
pekka.pattiniemi@ksl.fi Chair, Entrepreneurship Faculty vodol@LITech.lviv.ua Co-operatives Research Unit Entrepreneurial and Research Fellow
jmullins@london.edu m.aiken@open.ac.uk Financial Studies; Chair, S.Teasdale@tsrc.ac.uk
LANCASTER UNIVERSITY MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY Entrepreneurial Finance
Roger Spear
LANCASTER, UNITED LONDON SCHOOL LONDON, ann-kristin.achleitner@wi.tum.de UNIVERSITY
Senior Lecturer, Systems; Chair,
KINGDOM OF ECONOMICS AND UNITED KINGDOM OF BOLOGNA
Co-operatives Research Unit
POLITICAL SCIENCE THE UNIVERSITY BOLOGNA, ITALY
Jez Hall Maria Isabel Irurita r.g.spear@open.ac.uk
LONDON, OF MANCHESTER
Social Enterprise Research Doctoral Researcher Giuliana Gemelli
Associate, IEED UNITED KINGDOM m.irurita@mdx.ac.uk MANCHESTER,
ROSKILDE UNIVERSITY Associate Professor; Director,
jez.hall@good.co.uk UNITED KINGDOM Master in International Studies
Dr. Emmanuel Yujuico ROSKILDE, DENMARK
Fergus Lyon
Research Fellow, Dr. Amanda Berlan in Philanthropy and Social
Carole Howorth Professor, Enterprise Thomas Bisballe
Southeast Asia Research Fellow Entrepreneurship
Senior Lecturer, Entrepreneurship and Organizations Associate Professor,
International Affairs amanda.berlan giuliana.gemelli@unibo.it
c.howorth@lancaster.ac.uk f.lyon@tsrc.ac.uk Social Sciences
yujuico@gmail.com @manchester.ac.uk
bisballe@ruc.dk
Matt Macdonald UNIVERSITY
MID-SWEDEN
Research Assistant, IEED LONDON SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD
UNIVERSITY SHEFFIELD HALLAM
m.macdonald2@lancaster.ac.uk BANK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK BRADFORD,
HÄRNÖSAND, UNIVERSITY
SOUTHWARK, CORK, IRELAND UNITED KINGDOM
Caroline Parkinson SWEDEN SHEFFIELD,
Research Associate UNITED KINGDOM UNITED KINGDOM Olive McCarthy James Wallace
Victor Pestoff
c.parkinson1@lancaster.ac.uk Alexander Murdock Professor, Business Senior Lecturer
Professor, Political Science Dr. Rory Ridley-Duff
Professor and Development j.wallace1@bradford.ac.uk
victor.pestoff@esh.se Senior Lecturer, Human
LIVERPOOL JOHN alex.murdock@lsbu.ac.uk o.mccarthy@ucc.ie
Resource Management and Nelarine Cornelius
MOORES UNIVERSITY NOTTINGHAM Organization Behavior
Alibeth Somers Mary O’Shaughnessy Professor, HRM
LIVERPOOL, r.ridley-duff@shu.ac.uk Lecturer, Department of Food
Associate Course Director; Senior UNIVERSITY and Organization Studies
UNITED KINGDOM NOTTINGHAM, Business and Development n.cornelius@bradford.ac.uk
Lecturer, Public and Third Sector
Dr. Bob Doherty Management UNITED KINGDOM SÖDERTÖRNS mary.oshaughnessy@ucc.ie
Senior Lecturer, Social Enterprise somersa@lsbu.ac.uk UNIVERSITY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY
Chris Mahon
and Corporate Responsibility SÖDERTÖRN, SWEDEN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BRIGHTON
University Teacher,
R.Doherty@livjm.ac.uk LUND UNIVERSITY Yohanan Stryjan GHENT, GHENT, BELGIUM BRIGHTON,
LUND, SWEDEN MBA in Entrepreneurship Professor and Head, Saskia Crucke UNITED KINGDOM
Dr. Chris Mason
Lecturer, Marketing C.Mason@ Maria Aggestam Chris.Mahon@nottingham.ac.uk Entrepreneurship Lector, saskia.crucke@hogent.be Clifford Conway
ljmu.ac.uk Researcher Research Program Small Business Research Unit
Nathalie Moray
maria.aggestam@fek.lu.se NYENRODE Yohanan.stryjan@sh.se C.Conway@brighton.ac.uk
John Meehan Docent, nathalie.moray@hogent.be
BUSINESS UNIVERSITY
Senior Lecturer, Hans Landström STOCKHOLM SCHOOL
BREUKELEN, UNIVERSITY
Strategic Management Professor; Chair in UNIVERSITY OF
NETHERLANDS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF CAMBRIDGE
J.P.Meehan@ljmu.ac.uk Entrepreneurship and APPLIED SCIENCES
STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN CAMBRIDGE,
Venture Finance Henk Kievit NORTHWESTERN
Adam Richards Research Associate, Netherlands Michael Schragger UNITED KINGDOM
Hans.Landstrom@fek.lu.se SWITZERLAND
Lecturer, Operations Management Institute for Social Venturing Course Director, Social Innovation WINDISCH, Paul Tracey
a.d.richards@livjm.ac.uk and Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship Reader, Organizational Behavior
SWITZERLAND
Maureen Royce h.kievit@nyenrode.nl mike.schragger@sses.se p.tracey@jbs.cam.ac.uk
Dr. Pascal Dey
Senior Lecturer, HRM pascal.dey@fhnw.ch
M.A.Royce@ljmu.ac.uk
EUROPE
UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Linda Scott UNIVERSITY OF SURREY UNIVERSITY OF
OF COPENHAGEN LIÈGE, BELGIUM OXFORD, GTC Fellow and Professor, GUILDFORD, VALENCIENNES AND
COPENHAGEN, DENMARK Jacques Defourny UNITED KINGDOM Marketing UNITED KINGDOM HAINAUT-CAMBRESIS
Ken Henriksen Professor; Director, Terry Babcock-Lumish Linda.Scott@sbs.ox.ac.uk Doug Foster VALENCIENNES, FRANCE
External lecturer, Centre for Social Economy Research Associate, Rachel Slater Lecturer, Management Studies Laurent Gardin
Department of Intercultural J.Defourny@ulg.ac.be Centre for the Environment Research Fellow, Systems D.Foster@surrey.ac.uk Lecturer and Co-Director,
Communication and Management terrybl@gmail.com Development Department on Economic
Dr. Ben Huybrechts
kh.ikl@cbs.dk r.a.slater@open.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Sociology and Democracy
Research and Teaching Assistant Mick Blowfield
FALMER, UNITED KINGDOM laurent.gardin@univ-valenciennes.fr
Henrik Herlau benjamin.huybrechts Senior Research Fellow, Smith Kimberly Sugden
Associate Professor, Center @sbs.ox.ac.uk School of Enterprise and the Piera Morlacchi
Management Research UNIVERSITY OF VENICE
for Innovation of Entrepreneurship Environment, mick.blowfield Senior Lecturer, Business and
Sybille Mertens kim.sugden@sbs.ox.ac.uk VENICE, ITALY
(CIE) hh.lpf@cbs.dk @smithschool.ox.ac.uk Innovation, P.Morlacchi@sussex.ac.uk
Professor; Cera Chair in Social Marc Ventresca Cinzia Brunello
Entrepreneurship Catherine Dolan University Lecturer, Strategy UNIVERSITY OF TRENTO Department of Business and
UNIVERSITY
smertens@ulg.ac.be University Lecturer, Marketing, marc.ventresca@sbs.ox.ac.uk TRENTO, ITALY Management Studies
OF EAST LONDON
Culture and Society cinzia.brunello@unive.it
LONDON, Carlo Borzaga
UNIVERSITY Catherine.Dolan@sbs.ox.ac.uk
UNITED KINGDOM UNIVERSITY OF RENNES President and Professor
OF LÜENEBURG UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW
Chris Seow Xiaolan Fu 2 – UPPER BRITTANY of Economic Policy; Dean,
LÜNEBURG, GERMANY WARSAW, POLAND
Senior Lecturer, Business School Director, Sanjaya Lall Program for BRITTANY, FRANCE Faculty of Economics
Sascha Spoun Technology and Management carlo.borzaga@amm.unitn.it Ewa Les
c.seow@uel.ac.uk Alain Amintas
Professor, Management for Development Professor, Political Science;
spoun@uni-lueneburg.de Associate Professor, Giulia Galera
UNIVERSITY xiaolan.fu@qeh.ox.ac.uk LESSOR Laboratory Chair, Postgraduate Program
Researcher
OF HUDDERSFIELD alain.amintas@uhb.fr of Social Economy Managers
UNIVERSITY OF LYON John Hammock issancop@economia.unitn.it
WEST YORKSHIRE,
e_les@onet.pl
LYON, FRANCE Research Associate, OPHI
UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD Monica Loss
UNITED KINGDOM john.hammock@qeh.ox.ac.uk
Ignasi Marti General Secretary UNIVERSITY SIEGEN
John Thompson SALFORD,
Assistant Professor Pamela Hartigan UNITED KINGDOM
mloss@economia.unitn.it SIEGEN, GERMANY
Roger M Bale Professor, marti@em-lyon.com Director, Skoll Centre Christiana Weber
Entrepreneurship; Director, Claire MacLean Ermanno Tortia
for Social Entrepreneurship Professor
Business School Head of Employability Faculty of Economics
UNIVERSITY OF MURCIA pamela.hartigan@sbs.ox.ac.uk christiana.weber@t-online.de
Enterprise Network C.MacLean@salford.ac.uk etortia@economia.unitn.it
MURCIA, SPAIN
j.l.thompson@hud.ac.uk Ray Loveridge
Alicia Rubio UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE VÄXJÖ UNIVERSITY
Research Fellow; Professor UNIVERSITY
Assistant Professor, arubio@um.es ENSCHEDE, NETHERLANDS VÄXJÖ & KALMAR,
UNIVERSITY Emeritus, Said Business School OF ST. GALLEN
Aard Groen SWEDEN
OF JYVÄSKYLÄ ray.loveridge@sbs.ox.ac.uk ST. GALLEN,
UNIVERSITY OF Professor, Innovative Anders Abrahamsson
JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND SWITZERLAND
NORTHAMPTON Dr. Jonathan Michie Entrepreneurship Researcher, anders@slice.nu
Merie Joseph NORTHAMPTON, Director Dr. Maximilian Martin
a.j.groen@utwente.nl
Project Manager jonathan.michie@conted.ox.ac.uk Visiting Lecturer
UNITED KINGDOM VLERICK LEUVEN GENT
merie.joseph@jyu.fi maximilian_martin@yahoo.com
Rev. Fr Timothy Curtis Alex Nicholls UNIVERSITY OF ULM MANAGEMENT SCHOOL
Senior Lecturer, Social Enterprise University Lecturer, ULM, GERMANY GHENT, BELGIUM
UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER UNIVERSITY
LEICESTER, Tim.Curtis@northampton.ac.uk Social Entrepreneurship OF STRATHCLYDE Volkmar Liebig Jan Lepoutre
UNITED KINGDOM alex.nicholls@sbs.ox.ac.uk GLASGOW, SCOTLAND Professor, Business Plan Development Assistant Professor
UNIVERSITY OF OSLO liebig@fh-ulm.de jan.lepoutre@vlerick.com
Ian Snaith OSLO, NORWAY Steve Rayner Dr. Eleanor Shaw
Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law Director, James Martin Institute; Director, Honors Marketing
Eline Synneva
isn@tinyworld.co.uk James Martin Professor, Science Program, eleanor.shaw@strath.ac.uk
Lorentzen Ingstad
and Civilization
PhD Candidate; Teaching
steve.rayner@sbs.ox.ac.uk
Assistant, Social Entrepreneurship
e.s.l.ingstad@sfe.uio.no
EUROPE
UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Linda Scott UNIVERSITY OF SURREY UNIVERSITY OF
OF COPENHAGEN LIÈGE, BELGIUM OXFORD, GTC Fellow and Professor, GUILDFORD, VALENCIENNES AND
COPENHAGEN, DENMARK Jacques Defourny UNITED KINGDOM Marketing UNITED KINGDOM HAINAUT-CAMBRESIS
Ken Henriksen Professor; Director, Terry Babcock-Lumish Linda.Scott@sbs.ox.ac.uk Doug Foster VALENCIENNES, FRANCE
External lecturer, Centre for Social Economy Research Associate, Rachel Slater Lecturer, Management Studies Laurent Gardin
Department of Intercultural J.Defourny@ulg.ac.be Centre for the Environment Research Fellow, Systems D.Foster@surrey.ac.uk Lecturer and Co-Director,
Communication and Management terrybl@gmail.com Development Department on Economic
Dr. Ben Huybrechts
kh.ikl@cbs.dk r.a.slater@open.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Sociology and Democracy
Research and Teaching Assistant Mick Blowfield
FALMER, UNITED KINGDOM laurent.gardin@univ-valenciennes.fr
Henrik Herlau benjamin.huybrechts Senior Research Fellow, Smith Kimberly Sugden
Associate Professor, Center @sbs.ox.ac.uk School of Enterprise and the Piera Morlacchi
Management Research UNIVERSITY OF VENICE
for Innovation of Entrepreneurship Environment, mick.blowfield Senior Lecturer, Business and
Sybille Mertens kim.sugden@sbs.ox.ac.uk VENICE, ITALY
(CIE) hh.lpf@cbs.dk @smithschool.ox.ac.uk Innovation, P.Morlacchi@sussex.ac.uk
Professor; Cera Chair in Social Marc Ventresca Cinzia Brunello
Entrepreneurship Catherine Dolan University Lecturer, Strategy UNIVERSITY OF TRENTO Department of Business and
UNIVERSITY
smertens@ulg.ac.be University Lecturer, Marketing, marc.ventresca@sbs.ox.ac.uk TRENTO, ITALY Management Studies
OF EAST LONDON
Culture and Society cinzia.brunello@unive.it
LONDON, Carlo Borzaga
UNIVERSITY Catherine.Dolan@sbs.ox.ac.uk
UNITED KINGDOM UNIVERSITY OF RENNES President and Professor
OF LÜENEBURG UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW
Chris Seow Xiaolan Fu 2 – UPPER BRITTANY of Economic Policy; Dean,
LÜNEBURG, GERMANY WARSAW, POLAND
Senior Lecturer, Business School Director, Sanjaya Lall Program for BRITTANY, FRANCE Faculty of Economics
Sascha Spoun Technology and Management carlo.borzaga@amm.unitn.it Ewa Les
c.seow@uel.ac.uk Alain Amintas
Professor, Management for Development Professor, Political Science;
spoun@uni-lueneburg.de Associate Professor, Giulia Galera
UNIVERSITY xiaolan.fu@qeh.ox.ac.uk LESSOR Laboratory Chair, Postgraduate Program
Researcher
OF HUDDERSFIELD alain.amintas@uhb.fr of Social Economy Managers
UNIVERSITY OF LYON John Hammock issancop@economia.unitn.it
WEST YORKSHIRE,
e_les@onet.pl
LYON, FRANCE Research Associate, OPHI
UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD Monica Loss
UNITED KINGDOM john.hammock@qeh.ox.ac.uk
Ignasi Marti General Secretary UNIVERSITY SIEGEN
John Thompson SALFORD,
Assistant Professor Pamela Hartigan UNITED KINGDOM
mloss@economia.unitn.it SIEGEN, GERMANY
Roger M Bale Professor, marti@em-lyon.com Director, Skoll Centre Christiana Weber
Entrepreneurship; Director, Claire MacLean Ermanno Tortia
for Social Entrepreneurship Professor
Business School Head of Employability Faculty of Economics
UNIVERSITY OF MURCIA pamela.hartigan@sbs.ox.ac.uk christiana.weber@t-online.de
Enterprise Network C.MacLean@salford.ac.uk etortia@economia.unitn.it
MURCIA, SPAIN
j.l.thompson@hud.ac.uk Ray Loveridge
Alicia Rubio UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE VÄXJÖ UNIVERSITY
Research Fellow; Professor UNIVERSITY
Assistant Professor, arubio@um.es ENSCHEDE, NETHERLANDS VÄXJÖ & KALMAR,
UNIVERSITY Emeritus, Said Business School OF ST. GALLEN
Aard Groen SWEDEN
OF JYVÄSKYLÄ ray.loveridge@sbs.ox.ac.uk ST. GALLEN,
UNIVERSITY OF Professor, Innovative Anders Abrahamsson
JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND SWITZERLAND
NORTHAMPTON Dr. Jonathan Michie Entrepreneurship Researcher, anders@slice.nu
Merie Joseph NORTHAMPTON, Director Dr. Maximilian Martin
a.j.groen@utwente.nl
Project Manager jonathan.michie@conted.ox.ac.uk Visiting Lecturer
UNITED KINGDOM VLERICK LEUVEN GENT
merie.joseph@jyu.fi maximilian_martin@yahoo.com
Rev. Fr Timothy Curtis Alex Nicholls UNIVERSITY OF ULM MANAGEMENT SCHOOL
Senior Lecturer, Social Enterprise University Lecturer, ULM, GERMANY GHENT, BELGIUM
UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER UNIVERSITY
LEICESTER, Tim.Curtis@northampton.ac.uk Social Entrepreneurship OF STRATHCLYDE Volkmar Liebig Jan Lepoutre
UNITED KINGDOM alex.nicholls@sbs.ox.ac.uk GLASGOW, SCOTLAND Professor, Business Plan Development Assistant Professor
UNIVERSITY OF OSLO liebig@fh-ulm.de jan.lepoutre@vlerick.com
Ian Snaith OSLO, NORWAY Steve Rayner Dr. Eleanor Shaw
Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law Director, James Martin Institute; Director, Honors Marketing
Eline Synneva
isn@tinyworld.co.uk James Martin Professor, Science Program, eleanor.shaw@strath.ac.uk
Lorentzen Ingstad
and Civilization
PhD Candidate; Teaching
steve.rayner@sbs.ox.ac.uk
Assistant, Social Entrepreneurship
e.s.l.ingstad@sfe.uio.no
EUROPE B. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN LATIN AMERICA LATIN AMERICA
Roberto Gutiérrez, Universidad de los Andes Social Enterprise
Knowledge Network (SEKN)
ZAGREB SCHOOL OF INSTITUTE OF PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
Social problems in Latin America are so pressing that they elicit very diverse and
ECONOMICS AND ADVANCED STUDIES IN UNIVERSITY OF CHILE OF THE ANDES
creative responses. The characteristics of these responses depend on their private or
MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION (IESA) SANTIAGO, CHILE BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA
nonprofit nature, or whether or not a hybrid organization is being created. Although
ZAGREB, CROATIA CARACAS, VENEZUELA Felipe Larrain Bascunan
diversity can be a common trait of social entrepreneurial initiatives in Latin Natalia Franco
Tina Lee Odinsky-Zec America, there is another commonality that is worth mentioning: their lack of scale. Rosa Amelia Gonzalez Visiting Scholar, Robert Kennedy Director, Program
Lecturer and Director, Initiatives that originate in the for-profit sector are few in number, and those from Associate Professor; Coordinator Lecture at the Center for Latin on Social Initiatives
Entrepreneurship Center the nonprofit sector are small in size and impact. of Public Policy Center American Studies at Harvard nfb@adm.uniandes.edu.co
tzec@zsem.hr rgonzal@iesa.edu.ve University; Professor
flarrainb@puc.cl Roberto Gutiérrez
It is only recently that social entrepreneurship initiatives developed within the
ZEPPELIN UNIVERSITY private sector have become an option for companies to explore. In a context where MONTERREY INSTITUTE Associate Professor
Mladen Koljatic robgutie@uniandes.edu.co
FRIEDRICHSHAFEN, inequality has created enormous gaps between social groups, links between the OF TECHNOLOGY AND
Professor, School of Business
GERMANY haves and the have-nots have always existed: exploitative relations, paternalism, HIGHER EDUCATION
Administration
Tim Goebel charity, and solidarity. Exclusion and distance between groups has created distrust. MONTERREY, MEXICO UNIVERSITY OF
mkoljati@faceapuc.cl
Chair, Strategic Organization Few companies have been successful in developing social initiatives that overcome Gerardo Lozano Fernandez MONTERREY
and Financing this distrust and become rooted in daily interactions with sizable populations. Professor, Graduate School MONTERREY, MEXICO
UNIVERSITY
tim.goebel@zeppelin-university.de of Business Administration OF SÃO PAULO Maria Caridad Rositas
In the Latin American nonprofit sector, the lack of scale stems from different and Leadership (EGADE)
Stephan A. Jansen SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL Director, Center for Solidarity
causes. Despite the diversity of social entrepreneurial initiatives, very few achieve glozano@itesm.mx
Founding President, Managing and Philanthropy
a regional scale, and even fewer have a national or international reach. Since Rosa Maria Fischer
Director and Chair for Strategic mrositas@udem.edu.mx
developing profitable business models is not a regular activity for nonprofit Maria Eugenia Perez Professor, School of Economics,
Organization and Finance organizations, paucity of funds is a hypothesis to explain the lack of growth in these Professor, Marketing Management and Accounting
stephan.jansen UNIVERSITY
models. Even when nonprofit organizations develop profitable business models, meperez@itesm.mx rfischer@usp.br
@zeppelin-university.de OF THE PACIFIC
scale is not necessarily achieved. The size and impact of organizations such as
Alberto Hernandez LIMA, PERU
Habitat for Humanity and Teach for America, to name only two North American Baqueiro
examples, is not found in the Latin American social sector. Felipe Portocarrero
Professor, albherna@itesm.mx
Professor,
A second hypothesis to explain the small scale of social initiatives in Latin America Social Science Department
is the lack of a nurturing environment for these endeavors. Sources of funding are portocarrero_FB@up.edu.pe
limited, labor markets are highly constrained, and the markets for services provided
by nonprofits are small. Latin American private companies are no longer suffering
from the underdevelopment of these markets, but the landscape for nonprofits in
the region is still bleak. It will take years before managerial cadres for the social
sector are trained, and new sources of funding are developed. The relatively
sophisticated markets that now surround the private sector in Latin America have
been instrumental in their transformation into multinational corporations. For the
time being, the foundations for the development of a nurturing environment for
Latin American nonprofits are being laid. The impact of social entrepreneurial
initiatives will grow in scale as one result.
EUROPE B. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN LATIN AMERICA LATIN AMERICA
Roberto Gutiérrez, Universidad de los Andes Social Enterprise
Knowledge Network (SEKN)
ZAGREB SCHOOL OF INSTITUTE OF PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
Social problems in Latin America are so pressing that they elicit very diverse and
ECONOMICS AND ADVANCED STUDIES IN UNIVERSITY OF CHILE OF THE ANDES
creative responses. The characteristics of these responses depend on their private or
MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION (IESA) SANTIAGO, CHILE BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA
nonprofit nature, or whether or not a hybrid organization is being created. Although
ZAGREB, CROATIA CARACAS, VENEZUELA Felipe Larrain Bascunan
diversity can be a common trait of social entrepreneurial initiatives in Latin Natalia Franco
Tina Lee Odinsky-Zec America, there is another commonality that is worth mentioning: their lack of scale. Rosa Amelia Gonzalez Visiting Scholar, Robert Kennedy Director, Program
Lecturer and Director, Initiatives that originate in the for-profit sector are few in number, and those from Associate Professor; Coordinator Lecture at the Center for Latin on Social Initiatives
Entrepreneurship Center the nonprofit sector are small in size and impact. of Public Policy Center American Studies at Harvard nfb@adm.uniandes.edu.co
tzec@zsem.hr rgonzal@iesa.edu.ve University; Professor
flarrainb@puc.cl Roberto Gutiérrez
It is only recently that social entrepreneurship initiatives developed within the
ZEPPELIN UNIVERSITY private sector have become an option for companies to explore. In a context where MONTERREY INSTITUTE Associate Professor
Mladen Koljatic robgutie@uniandes.edu.co
FRIEDRICHSHAFEN, inequality has created enormous gaps between social groups, links between the OF TECHNOLOGY AND
Professor, School of Business
GERMANY haves and the have-nots have always existed: exploitative relations, paternalism, HIGHER EDUCATION
Administration
Tim Goebel charity, and solidarity. Exclusion and distance between groups has created distrust. MONTERREY, MEXICO UNIVERSITY OF
mkoljati@faceapuc.cl
Chair, Strategic Organization Few companies have been successful in developing social initiatives that overcome Gerardo Lozano Fernandez MONTERREY
and Financing this distrust and become rooted in daily interactions with sizable populations. Professor, Graduate School MONTERREY, MEXICO
UNIVERSITY
tim.goebel@zeppelin-university.de of Business Administration OF SÃO PAULO Maria Caridad Rositas
In the Latin American nonprofit sector, the lack of scale stems from different and Leadership (EGADE)
Stephan A. Jansen SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL Director, Center for Solidarity
causes. Despite the diversity of social entrepreneurial initiatives, very few achieve glozano@itesm.mx
Founding President, Managing and Philanthropy
a regional scale, and even fewer have a national or international reach. Since Rosa Maria Fischer
Director and Chair for Strategic mrositas@udem.edu.mx
developing profitable business models is not a regular activity for nonprofit Maria Eugenia Perez Professor, School of Economics,
Organization and Finance organizations, paucity of funds is a hypothesis to explain the lack of growth in these Professor, Marketing Management and Accounting
stephan.jansen UNIVERSITY
models. Even when nonprofit organizations develop profitable business models, meperez@itesm.mx rfischer@usp.br
@zeppelin-university.de OF THE PACIFIC
scale is not necessarily achieved. The size and impact of organizations such as
Alberto Hernandez LIMA, PERU
Habitat for Humanity and Teach for America, to name only two North American Baqueiro
examples, is not found in the Latin American social sector. Felipe Portocarrero
Professor, albherna@itesm.mx
Professor,
A second hypothesis to explain the small scale of social initiatives in Latin America Social Science Department
is the lack of a nurturing environment for these endeavors. Sources of funding are portocarrero_FB@up.edu.pe
limited, labor markets are highly constrained, and the markets for services provided
by nonprofits are small. Latin American private companies are no longer suffering
from the underdevelopment of these markets, but the landscape for nonprofits in
the region is still bleak. It will take years before managerial cadres for the social
sector are trained, and new sources of funding are developed. The relatively
sophisticated markets that now surround the private sector in Latin America have
been instrumental in their transformation into multinational corporations. For the
time being, the foundations for the development of a nurturing environment for
Latin American nonprofits are being laid. The impact of social entrepreneurial
initiatives will grow in scale as one result.
C. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NORTH AMERICA SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DEFINITION
Robert S. D’Intino, Rowan University United States Association for Small Business and Consensus on a social entrepreneurship definition is currently elusive, though not surprising with an emerging
Entrepreneurship (USASBE) academic discipline. Dacin, Dacin and Matear (2010) reported 37 published social entrepreneurship
definitions in their article reviewing the social entrepreneurship literature. Conceptual progress is developing
Social entrepreneurship describes the many activities of individual social entrepreneurs and the work in that definitions tend to cluster in three broad categories: (1) descriptions of individual or team social
of the social-benefit organizations they create and grow. Light (2008) describes these individuals and their entrepreneurs; (2) studying traditional nonprofit organizations that are turning to earned income strategies to
social enterprises as emphasizing pattern-breaking systemic change, change that creates positive sustainable increase the funds available for their organizational mission; and (3) studying new or established innovative
social value to help people, communities, and nations. Recent social entrepreneurship research and teaching social enterprises that are solving pressing social problems by providing measurable and scalable solutions.
has begun to discover more effective and efficient methods for measuring social value outcomes. Accurate
social-benefit measurement is viewed as one of the best ways for social enterprise organizations to Research and teaching about heroic social entrepreneurs offers a direct way to engage academics and
communicate their mission and their good works to the entire range of their stakeholder communities. students and demonstrate the broad variety of success in solving seemly unsolvable problems. The social
At the present time academic teaching and research interest in social entrepreneurship continues to grow in entrepreneurship earned income perspective advocated by Boschee (2006) and others encourage traditional
North America at a rapid pace. nonprofits organizations to discover or create ways to fund some or all of their income requirements to
fulfill their social benefit mission. For example, the Social Enterprise Council of Canada (SECC) focuses
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DEFINITION primarily on nonprofits and how to develop earned income strategies. In the United States, much attention
Consensus on a social entrepreneurship definition is currently elusive, though not surprising with an emerging for researchers and teachers focuses on social innovation enterprises and how some of these enterprises
academic discipline. Dacin, Dacin and Matear (2010) reported 37 published social entrepreneurship accomplish great social impact using innovative and scalable solutions, often with a market economy
definitions in their article reviewing the social entrepreneurship literature. Conceptual progress is developing perspective. The social innovation view embraces traditional business entrepreneurship principles involving
in that definitions tend to cluster in three broad categories: (1) descriptions of individual or team social topics including problem identification, opportunity recognition, produce and service innovation, resource
entrepreneurs; (2) studying traditional nonprofit organizations that are turning to earned income strategies to acquisition and allocation, and direct action – all with a clear focus on meeting social needs over generating
increase the funds available for their organizational mission; and (3) studying new or established innovative profit (Dees, 1998).
social enterprises that are solving pressing social problems by providing measurable and scalable solutions.
Social entrepreneurship teaching in the United States tends to offer a more business-centric market viewpoint,
Research and teaching about heroic social entrepreneurs offers a direct way to engage academics and teaching business knowledge and skills to be used in the pursuit of social benefit, perhaps because many
students and demonstrate the broad variety of success in solving seemly unsolvable problems. The social academics teaching social entrepreneurship are trained and based in business schools. However, there is
entrepreneurship earned income perspective advocated by Boschee (2006) and others encourage traditional also a strong push to support social entrepreneurship teaching and research across the university campus
nonprofits organizations to discover or create ways to fund some or all of their income requirements to involving all interested faculty and students. Social entrepreneurship courses can be offered in any academic
fulfill their social benefit mission. For example, the Social Enterprise Council of Canada (SECC) focuses department. Thus, social entrepreneurship continues to reside in what Paul Light (2008) called the “big tent”
primarily on nonprofits and how to develop earned income strategies. In the United States, much attention approach, allowing many more people who care about beneficial social change to be included in this most
for researchers and teachers focuses on social innovation enterprises and how some of these enterprises relevant academic conversation.
accomplish great social impact using innovative and scalable solutions, often with a market economy
perspective. The social innovation view embraces traditional business entrepreneurship principles involving REFERENCES
topics including problem identification, opportunity recognition, produce and service innovation, resource
acquisition and allocation, and Social entrepreneurship describes the many activities of individual social Boschee, J. (2006.) Social entrepreneurship: The promise and the perils. In Social entrepreneurship:
entrepreneurs and the work of the social-benefit organizations they create and grow. Light (2008) describes New Models of Sustainable Social Change, A. Nicholls (Ed). (pp.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
these individuals and their social enterprises as emphasizing pattern-breaking systemic change, change Dacin, P.A., Dacin, M.T., & Matear, M. (2010.) Social entrepreneurship: Why we don’t need a new
that creates positive sustainable social value to help people, communities, and nations. Recent social theory and how we move forward from here. Academy of Management Perspectives, 24, 3.
entrepreneurship research and teaching has begun to discover more effective and efficient methods for
measuring social value outcomes. Accurate social-benefit measurement is viewed as one of the best ways Dees, J.G. (1998.) Enterprising Nonprofits. Harvard Business Review, 76, 1: 54–67.
for social enterprise organizations to communicate their mission and their good works to the entire range Light, P.C. (2008.) In Search of Social Entrepreneurship. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
of their stakeholder communities. At the present time academic teaching and research interest in social
entrepreneurship continues to grow in North America at a rapid pace.
C. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NORTH AMERICA SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DEFINITION
Robert S. D’Intino, Rowan University United States Association for Small Business and Consensus on a social entrepreneurship definition is currently elusive, though not surprising with an emerging
Entrepreneurship (USASBE) academic discipline. Dacin, Dacin and Matear (2010) reported 37 published social entrepreneurship
definitions in their article reviewing the social entrepreneurship literature. Conceptual progress is developing
Social entrepreneurship describes the many activities of individual social entrepreneurs and the work in that definitions tend to cluster in three broad categories: (1) descriptions of individual or team social
of the social-benefit organizations they create and grow. Light (2008) describes these individuals and their entrepreneurs; (2) studying traditional nonprofit organizations that are turning to earned income strategies to
social enterprises as emphasizing pattern-breaking systemic change, change that creates positive sustainable increase the funds available for their organizational mission; and (3) studying new or established innovative
social value to help people, communities, and nations. Recent social entrepreneurship research and teaching social enterprises that are solving pressing social problems by providing measurable and scalable solutions.
has begun to discover more effective and efficient methods for measuring social value outcomes. Accurate
social-benefit measurement is viewed as one of the best ways for social enterprise organizations to Research and teaching about heroic social entrepreneurs offers a direct way to engage academics and
communicate their mission and their good works to the entire range of their stakeholder communities. students and demonstrate the broad variety of success in solving seemly unsolvable problems. The social
At the present time academic teaching and research interest in social entrepreneurship continues to grow in entrepreneurship earned income perspective advocated by Boschee (2006) and others encourage traditional
North America at a rapid pace. nonprofits organizations to discover or create ways to fund some or all of their income requirements to
fulfill their social benefit mission. For example, the Social Enterprise Council of Canada (SECC) focuses
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DEFINITION primarily on nonprofits and how to develop earned income strategies. In the United States, much attention
Consensus on a social entrepreneurship definition is currently elusive, though not surprising with an emerging for researchers and teachers focuses on social innovation enterprises and how some of these enterprises
academic discipline. Dacin, Dacin and Matear (2010) reported 37 published social entrepreneurship accomplish great social impact using innovative and scalable solutions, often with a market economy
definitions in their article reviewing the social entrepreneurship literature. Conceptual progress is developing perspective. The social innovation view embraces traditional business entrepreneurship principles involving
in that definitions tend to cluster in three broad categories: (1) descriptions of individual or team social topics including problem identification, opportunity recognition, produce and service innovation, resource
entrepreneurs; (2) studying traditional nonprofit organizations that are turning to earned income strategies to acquisition and allocation, and direct action – all with a clear focus on meeting social needs over generating
increase the funds available for their organizational mission; and (3) studying new or established innovative profit (Dees, 1998).
social enterprises that are solving pressing social problems by providing measurable and scalable solutions.
Social entrepreneurship teaching in the United States tends to offer a more business-centric market viewpoint,
Research and teaching about heroic social entrepreneurs offers a direct way to engage academics and teaching business knowledge and skills to be used in the pursuit of social benefit, perhaps because many
students and demonstrate the broad variety of success in solving seemly unsolvable problems. The social academics teaching social entrepreneurship are trained and based in business schools. However, there is
entrepreneurship earned income perspective advocated by Boschee (2006) and others encourage traditional also a strong push to support social entrepreneurship teaching and research across the university campus
nonprofits organizations to discover or create ways to fund some or all of their income requirements to involving all interested faculty and students. Social entrepreneurship courses can be offered in any academic
fulfill their social benefit mission. For example, the Social Enterprise Council of Canada (SECC) focuses department. Thus, social entrepreneurship continues to reside in what Paul Light (2008) called the “big tent”
primarily on nonprofits and how to develop earned income strategies. In the United States, much attention approach, allowing many more people who care about beneficial social change to be included in this most
for researchers and teachers focuses on social innovation enterprises and how some of these enterprises relevant academic conversation.
accomplish great social impact using innovative and scalable solutions, often with a market economy
perspective. The social innovation view embraces traditional business entrepreneurship principles involving REFERENCES
topics including problem identification, opportunity recognition, produce and service innovation, resource
acquisition and allocation, and Social entrepreneurship describes the many activities of individual social Boschee, J. (2006.) Social entrepreneurship: The promise and the perils. In Social entrepreneurship:
entrepreneurs and the work of the social-benefit organizations they create and grow. Light (2008) describes New Models of Sustainable Social Change, A. Nicholls (Ed). (pp.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
these individuals and their social enterprises as emphasizing pattern-breaking systemic change, change Dacin, P.A., Dacin, M.T., & Matear, M. (2010.) Social entrepreneurship: Why we don’t need a new
that creates positive sustainable social value to help people, communities, and nations. Recent social theory and how we move forward from here. Academy of Management Perspectives, 24, 3.
entrepreneurship research and teaching has begun to discover more effective and efficient methods for
measuring social value outcomes. Accurate social-benefit measurement is viewed as one of the best ways Dees, J.G. (1998.) Enterprising Nonprofits. Harvard Business Review, 76, 1: 54–67.
for social enterprise organizations to communicate their mission and their good works to the entire range Light, P.C. (2008.) In Search of Social Entrepreneurship. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
of their stakeholder communities. At the present time academic teaching and research interest in social
entrepreneurship continues to grow in North America at a rapid pace.
NORTH AMERICA
ALASKA PACIFIC ARIZONA STATE BABSON COLLEGE James Philips BENTLEY UNIVERSITY BROWN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, AZ BABSON PARK, MA Associate Professor, Science WALTHAM, MA PROVIDENCE, RI
ANCHORAGE, AK jphilips@babson.edu
Steven M. Anderson Elaine Allen Yukika Awazu Christopher Bull
Yaso Thiru Director, School of Social Work Research Director Stephen Schiffman Adjunct Professor/Instructor Senior Research Engineer,
Associate Professor Steven.Anderson.2@asu.edu allenie@babson.edu Joint Faculty Appointment, yawazu@bentley.edu Appropriate Technology
yasot@alaskapacific.edu Babson/Olin cbull@brown.edu
Robert F. Ashcraft Michael Caslin
schiffman@babson.edu BEREA COLLEGE
Executive Director, Lodestar Adjunct Lecturer, Alan Harlam
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY BEREA, KY
Center; Associate Professor, Entrepreneurship Emily Weiner Director, Social Entrepreneurship
WASHINGTON, DC Peter Hackbert
Nonprofit Studies mcaslin@babson.edu, Assistant Director, at Swearer Center for Public
Joseph Eldridge ashcraft@asu.edu Social Innovation Lab Director, Entrepreneurship Service, alan_harlam@brown.edu
Lecturer, eldridg@american.edu Lisa DiCarlo for the Public Good Program
and Lewis Institute
Kevin Cook Assistant Professor, Peter_Hackbert@berea.edu Barrett Hazeltine
Nanette Levinson eweiner@babson.edu
Associate Vice President; Entrepreneurship Professor, Engineering Emeritus;
Associate Professor, Dean of Students ldicarlo@babson.edu John Whitman BOSTON UNIVERSITY Adjunct Professor
International Relations kevin.cook@asu.edu Adjunct Lecturer Barrett_Hazeltine@brown.edu
Danna Greenberg BOSTON, MA
nlevins@american.edu jwhitman@babson.edu
Kris Ewing Associate Professor, Kate Cooney Geoffrey Kirkman
Robert Tomasko Clinical Associate Professor Organizational Behavior Assistant Professor Deputy Director, Watson Institute;
Professional Lecturer; Director, BAYLOR UNIVERSITY
Kris.Ewing@asu.edu dgreenberg@babson.edu kcooney@bu.edu Watson Fellow
Social Enterprise Initiative WACO, TX
geoffrey_kirkman@brown.edu
tomasko@american.edu Mary Margaret Fonow James Hoopes
Steve Bradley Kristen McCormack
Professor; Director, School Murata Professor Josef Mittleman
Assistant Professor, Executive-in-Residence;
ANDERSON of Social Transformation of Business Ethics Clinical Professor, Engineering
Management and Lecturer/Faculty Director,
UNIVERSITY
mfonow@asu.edu hoopes@babson.edu Josef_Mittlemann@brown.edu
Entrepreneurship Public and Nonprofit
Debbi D. Brock Mark Henderson Cheryl Kiser Steve_Bradley@baylor.edu Management Program Roger Nozaki
Assistant Professor, Professor, Engineering Managing Director, kmac@bu.edu Director, Swearer Center for
Entrepreneurship and Business mark.henderson@asu.edu Lewis Initiative BELMONT UNIVERSITY Public Service, Associate Dean
Seth Novick
ddbrock@anderson.edu ckiser@babson.edu NASHVILLE, TN of the College for Community
Audrey Iffert Director, Career Services
Jeffrey Cornwall and Global Engagement
Entrepreneurship Catalyst Karen Maccaro snovick@cdiabu.com
ANTIOCH UNIVERSITY Director, Center for roger_nozaki@brown.edu
Audrey.Iffert@asu.edu Associate Dean, Olin
LOS ANGELES Graduate School of Business Entrepreneurship; BRADLEY UNIVERSITY Deborah Schimberg
LOS ANGELES, CA Mitzi Montoya Professor, Management PEORIA, IL
maccaro@babson.edu Adjunct Lecturer, Division
Executive Dean, College of cornwallj@mail.belmont.edu
Freddy J. Nager Eden Blair of Engineering; Executive Director,
Technology and Innovation (CTI) Daniel Marques
Adjunct Professor John Gonas Assistant Professor, Social Venture
mitzi.montoya@asu.edu Manager, Entrepreneur
fnager@antioch.edu Associate Professor, Finance Entrepreneurship Partners of Rhode Island
Development
Gordon Shockley john.gonas@belmont.edu esblair@bradley.edu Deborah_Schimberg@brown.edu
dmarques1@babson.edu
Assistant Professor, Community
Resources and Development Moriah Meyskens Bernard Turner BRIGHAM YOUNG BRYANT UNIVERSITY
gordon.shockley@asu.edu Post-Doctoral Researcher; Ed.D., M.A., M.B.A. UNIVERSITY, PROVO, UT SMITHFIELD, RI
U.S. Global Entrepreneurship Assistant Professor,
Jacqueline Smith Todd Manwaring Sandra Enos
Monitor Data Coordinator Social Entrepreneurship;
Director, Social Embeddedness Associate Teaching Professor Associate Professor,
mmeyskens@gmail.com Director, Center for Social
Jacqueline.V.Smith@asu.edu and Managing Director History and Social Sciences
Entrepreneurship
Heidi Neck todd.manwaring@byu.edu senos@bryant.edu
Janel White-Taylor and Service-Learning
Assistant Professor, bernard.turner@belmont.edu Aaron Miller
Clinical Assistant Professor
Entrepreneurship Part-time Faculty
drj@asu.edu
hneck@babson.edu aaronmiller@byu.edu
Warner Woodworth
Professor
warner_woodworth@byu.edu
NORTH AMERICA
ALASKA PACIFIC ARIZONA STATE BABSON COLLEGE James Philips BENTLEY UNIVERSITY BROWN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, AZ BABSON PARK, MA Associate Professor, Science WALTHAM, MA PROVIDENCE, RI
ANCHORAGE, AK jphilips@babson.edu
Steven M. Anderson Elaine Allen Yukika Awazu Christopher Bull
Yaso Thiru Director, School of Social Work Research Director Stephen Schiffman Adjunct Professor/Instructor Senior Research Engineer,
Associate Professor Steven.Anderson.2@asu.edu allenie@babson.edu Joint Faculty Appointment, yawazu@bentley.edu Appropriate Technology
yasot@alaskapacific.edu Babson/Olin cbull@brown.edu
Robert F. Ashcraft Michael Caslin
schiffman@babson.edu BEREA COLLEGE
Executive Director, Lodestar Adjunct Lecturer, Alan Harlam
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY BEREA, KY
Center; Associate Professor, Entrepreneurship Emily Weiner Director, Social Entrepreneurship
WASHINGTON, DC Peter Hackbert
Nonprofit Studies mcaslin@babson.edu, Assistant Director, at Swearer Center for Public
Joseph Eldridge ashcraft@asu.edu Social Innovation Lab Director, Entrepreneurship Service, alan_harlam@brown.edu
Lecturer, eldridg@american.edu Lisa DiCarlo for the Public Good Program
and Lewis Institute
Kevin Cook Assistant Professor, Peter_Hackbert@berea.edu Barrett Hazeltine
Nanette Levinson eweiner@babson.edu
Associate Vice President; Entrepreneurship Professor, Engineering Emeritus;
Associate Professor, Dean of Students ldicarlo@babson.edu John Whitman BOSTON UNIVERSITY Adjunct Professor
International Relations kevin.cook@asu.edu Adjunct Lecturer Barrett_Hazeltine@brown.edu
Danna Greenberg BOSTON, MA
nlevins@american.edu jwhitman@babson.edu
Kris Ewing Associate Professor, Kate Cooney Geoffrey Kirkman
Robert Tomasko Clinical Associate Professor Organizational Behavior Assistant Professor Deputy Director, Watson Institute;
Professional Lecturer; Director, BAYLOR UNIVERSITY
Kris.Ewing@asu.edu dgreenberg@babson.edu kcooney@bu.edu Watson Fellow
Social Enterprise Initiative WACO, TX
geoffrey_kirkman@brown.edu
tomasko@american.edu Mary Margaret Fonow James Hoopes
Steve Bradley Kristen McCormack
Professor; Director, School Murata Professor Josef Mittleman
Assistant Professor, Executive-in-Residence;
ANDERSON of Social Transformation of Business Ethics Clinical Professor, Engineering
Management and Lecturer/Faculty Director,
UNIVERSITY
mfonow@asu.edu hoopes@babson.edu Josef_Mittlemann@brown.edu
Entrepreneurship Public and Nonprofit
Debbi D. Brock Mark Henderson Cheryl Kiser Steve_Bradley@baylor.edu Management Program Roger Nozaki
Assistant Professor, Professor, Engineering Managing Director, kmac@bu.edu Director, Swearer Center for
Entrepreneurship and Business mark.henderson@asu.edu Lewis Initiative BELMONT UNIVERSITY Public Service, Associate Dean
Seth Novick
ddbrock@anderson.edu ckiser@babson.edu NASHVILLE, TN of the College for Community
Audrey Iffert Director, Career Services
Jeffrey Cornwall and Global Engagement
Entrepreneurship Catalyst Karen Maccaro snovick@cdiabu.com
ANTIOCH UNIVERSITY Director, Center for roger_nozaki@brown.edu
Audrey.Iffert@asu.edu Associate Dean, Olin
LOS ANGELES Graduate School of Business Entrepreneurship; BRADLEY UNIVERSITY Deborah Schimberg
LOS ANGELES, CA Mitzi Montoya Professor, Management PEORIA, IL
maccaro@babson.edu Adjunct Lecturer, Division
Executive Dean, College of cornwallj@mail.belmont.edu
Freddy J. Nager Eden Blair of Engineering; Executive Director,
Technology and Innovation (CTI) Daniel Marques
Adjunct Professor John Gonas Assistant Professor, Social Venture
mitzi.montoya@asu.edu Manager, Entrepreneur
fnager@antioch.edu Associate Professor, Finance Entrepreneurship Partners of Rhode Island
Development
Gordon Shockley john.gonas@belmont.edu esblair@bradley.edu Deborah_Schimberg@brown.edu
dmarques1@babson.edu
Assistant Professor, Community
Resources and Development Moriah Meyskens Bernard Turner BRIGHAM YOUNG BRYANT UNIVERSITY
gordon.shockley@asu.edu Post-Doctoral Researcher; Ed.D., M.A., M.B.A. UNIVERSITY, PROVO, UT SMITHFIELD, RI
U.S. Global Entrepreneurship Assistant Professor,
Jacqueline Smith Todd Manwaring Sandra Enos
Monitor Data Coordinator Social Entrepreneurship;
Director, Social Embeddedness Associate Teaching Professor Associate Professor,
mmeyskens@gmail.com Director, Center for Social
Jacqueline.V.Smith@asu.edu and Managing Director History and Social Sciences
Entrepreneurship
Heidi Neck todd.manwaring@byu.edu senos@bryant.edu
Janel White-Taylor and Service-Learning
Assistant Professor, bernard.turner@belmont.edu Aaron Miller
Clinical Assistant Professor
Entrepreneurship Part-time Faculty
drj@asu.edu
hneck@babson.edu aaronmiller@byu.edu
Warner Woodworth
Professor
warner_woodworth@byu.edu
NORTH AMERICA
CALIFORNIA STATE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF Bruce Kogot Anke Wessels Christopher Gergen
UNIVERSITY, OF AMERICA WILLIAM AND MARY Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. Executive Director, Center Visiting Lecturer, Hart
CHANNEL ISLANDS WASHINGTON, DC WILLIAMSBURG, VA Professor, Leadership and Ethics for Transformative Action Leadership Program
CAMARILLO, CA bruce.kogut@columbia.edu akw7@cornell.edu christopher.gergen@duke.edu
Harriet Nokuri Christopher Adkins
Julia Wilson Director, Summer Sessions; Director, Undergraduate Rick Larson
DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Olga Hawn
Vice President, University Professor, Nokuri@cua.edu Business Program Adjunct Associate Professor,
HANOVER, NH PhD Candidate, onv@duke.edu
Advancement c.adkins@mason.wm.edu Social Enterprise Program
julia.wilson@csuci.edu CLARK UNIVERSITY rl2423@columbia.edu Patricia Palmiotto Matthew T.A. Nash
Drew Stelljes
WORCESTER, MA Director, Allwin Initiative Managing Director, Center
Director, Community Engagement Murray Low for Corporate Citizenship
CALIFORNIA STATE David Jordan for the Advancement of Social
adstel@wm.edu Director, Eugene M. Lang Center patricia.palmiotto@dartmouth.edu
UNIVERSITY, CHICO Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Entrepreneurship (CASE)
for Entrepreneurship; Adjunct
CHICO, CA Adjunct Professor mnash@duke.edu
COLORADO STATE Associate Professor, Management DENISON UNIVERSITY
Curtis DeBerg djordan@clarku.edu UNIVERSITY mbl2@columbia.edu David Robinson
GRANVILLE, OH
Professor, Accounting FORT COLLINS, CO Professor of Finance;
cdeberg@csuchico.edu COLLEGE OF NEW JERSEY James Mandiberg Stephanie Hunt-Theophilus
Carl Hammerdorfer Assistant Professor, Management William and Sue Gross
EWING, NJ Program Coordinator
Director, Community Engagement and Social Enterprise Distinguished Research Fellow
CALIFORNIA hunts@denison.edu
David Prensky adstel@wm.edu jmm2151@columbia.edu davidr@duke.edu
STATE UNIVERSITY, Director, Bonner Center Natalie Keller Pariano
LONG BEACH Paul Hudnut Ruth Tolman
for Civic and Community CORNELL UNIVERSITY Associate Director,
LONG BEACH, CA Co-Director, CSU Global Assistant Director, Center for
Engagement ITHACA, NY Student Activities
Innovation Center; Instructor, the Advancement of Social
H. Michael Chung dprensky@tcnj.edu parianon@denison.edu
Global Social and Sustainable Marya Besharov Entrepreneurship (CASE
Professor, Information Systems; ruth.tolman@duke.edu
COLLEGE OF SAINT Enterprise (GSSE) Program Assistant Professor DEPAUL UNIVERSITY
Director, Center for Information
BENEDICT AND SAINT paul.hudnut@business. mlb363@cornell.edu CHICAGO, IL Elena Vidal
Strategies and Technologies
JOHN’S UNIVERSITY colostate.edu Ph.D. Candidate, mev@duke.edu
(CIST), hmchung@csulb.edu Sheila Danko Denise Nitterhouse
ST. JOSEPH, MN Yolanda Sarason Associate Professor, College of Associate Professor, School Erin Worsham
CARNEGIE-MELLON Terri Barreiro Assistant Professor Human Ecology; J. Thomas Clark of Accountancy and MIS Associate Director, Center
UNIVERSITY Director, Donald McNeely Center yolanda.sarason@business. Professor, Entrepreneurship dnitterh@depaul.edu for the Advancement of Social
PITTSBURGH, PA for Entrepreneurship colostate.edu sd32@cornell.edu Entrepreneurship (CASE
Denise Rousseau tbarreiro@csbsju.edu Laura Forlano DUKE UNIVERSITY erin.worsham@duke.edu
H. J. Heinz II Professor, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY DURHAM, NC
Paul Marsnik Postdoctoral Associate
Organization Behavior NEW YORK, NY EAST STROUDSBURG
Associate Professor, Management; lef55@cornell.edu Tony Brown
rousseau@andrew.cmu.edu Director, Entrepreneurship Raymond Fisman Co-Director, Hart Leadership UNIVERSITY
Director, Social Enterprise Mayte Gutierrez EAST STROUDSBURG, PA
Tim Zak Scholars Program Program and Professor of Practice,
Program; Lambert Family Vice President, Women
Associate Teaching Professor; pmarsnik@csbsju.edu anthony.brown@duke.edu Joseph P. Eshun
Professor, Social Enterprise in Public Policy, Cornell
Director, Institute for Social Institute for Public Affairs Catherine Clark
Associate Professor
COLLEGE OF rf250@columbia.edu jeshun@po-box.esu.edu
Innovation, tjzak@andrew.cmu.edu mdg224@cornell.edu Adjunct Assistant Professor,
THE ATLANTIC Raymond Horton Center for the Advancement of
CARSON NEWMAN BAR HARBOR, ME Founder, Social Enterprise John Jaquette ELON UNIVERSITY
Social Entrepreneurship (CASE)
COLLEGE Program; Frank R. Lautenberg Director of Entrepreneurship ELON, NC
Jay Friedlander cathy@cathyhc.com
JEFFERSON CITY, TN Professor, Ethics and @Cornell
Sharpe-McNally Chair of Green Gary Palin
Corporate Governance jpj7@cornell.edu J. Gregory Dees
Larry Osborne and Socially Responsibility Executive Director, Doherty
jfriedlander@coa.edu rdh3@columbia.edu Mark Milstein Professor, Practice of Center for Entrepreneurial
Professor, Psychology; Director,
Bonner Center for Service Director, Center for Sustainable Social Entrepreneurship Leadership; Senior Lecturer,
Kate Macko Gita Johar
Learning and Civic Engagement Global Enterprise; Lecturer, gdees@duke.edu Social Entrepreneurship
Sustainable Business Program Meyer Feldberg Professor,
losborne@cn.edu Business, Marketing Strategy, Innovation, and Nilanjana Dutt gpalin@elon.edu
Administrator, kmacko@coa.edu
gvj1@columbia.edu Sustainable Global Enterprise PhD Candidate
mm462@cornell.edu nilanjan.dutt@duke.edu
NORTH AMERICA
CALIFORNIA STATE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF Bruce Kogot Anke Wessels Christopher Gergen
UNIVERSITY, OF AMERICA WILLIAM AND MARY Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. Executive Director, Center Visiting Lecturer, Hart
CHANNEL ISLANDS WASHINGTON, DC WILLIAMSBURG, VA Professor, Leadership and Ethics for Transformative Action Leadership Program
CAMARILLO, CA bruce.kogut@columbia.edu akw7@cornell.edu christopher.gergen@duke.edu
Harriet Nokuri Christopher Adkins
Julia Wilson Director, Summer Sessions; Director, Undergraduate Rick Larson
DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Olga Hawn
Vice President, University Professor, Nokuri@cua.edu Business Program Adjunct Associate Professor,
HANOVER, NH PhD Candidate, onv@duke.edu
Advancement c.adkins@mason.wm.edu Social Enterprise Program
julia.wilson@csuci.edu CLARK UNIVERSITY rl2423@columbia.edu Patricia Palmiotto Matthew T.A. Nash
Drew Stelljes
WORCESTER, MA Director, Allwin Initiative Managing Director, Center
Director, Community Engagement Murray Low for Corporate Citizenship
CALIFORNIA STATE David Jordan for the Advancement of Social
adstel@wm.edu Director, Eugene M. Lang Center patricia.palmiotto@dartmouth.edu
UNIVERSITY, CHICO Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Entrepreneurship (CASE)
for Entrepreneurship; Adjunct
CHICO, CA Adjunct Professor mnash@duke.edu
COLORADO STATE Associate Professor, Management DENISON UNIVERSITY
Curtis DeBerg djordan@clarku.edu UNIVERSITY mbl2@columbia.edu David Robinson
GRANVILLE, OH
Professor, Accounting FORT COLLINS, CO Professor of Finance;
cdeberg@csuchico.edu COLLEGE OF NEW JERSEY James Mandiberg Stephanie Hunt-Theophilus
Carl Hammerdorfer Assistant Professor, Management William and Sue Gross
EWING, NJ Program Coordinator
Director, Community Engagement and Social Enterprise Distinguished Research Fellow
CALIFORNIA hunts@denison.edu
David Prensky adstel@wm.edu jmm2151@columbia.edu davidr@duke.edu
STATE UNIVERSITY, Director, Bonner Center Natalie Keller Pariano
LONG BEACH Paul Hudnut Ruth Tolman
for Civic and Community CORNELL UNIVERSITY Associate Director,
LONG BEACH, CA Co-Director, CSU Global Assistant Director, Center for
Engagement ITHACA, NY Student Activities
Innovation Center; Instructor, the Advancement of Social
H. Michael Chung dprensky@tcnj.edu parianon@denison.edu
Global Social and Sustainable Marya Besharov Entrepreneurship (CASE
Professor, Information Systems; ruth.tolman@duke.edu
COLLEGE OF SAINT Enterprise (GSSE) Program Assistant Professor DEPAUL UNIVERSITY
Director, Center for Information
BENEDICT AND SAINT paul.hudnut@business. mlb363@cornell.edu CHICAGO, IL Elena Vidal
Strategies and Technologies
JOHN’S UNIVERSITY colostate.edu Ph.D. Candidate, mev@duke.edu
(CIST), hmchung@csulb.edu Sheila Danko Denise Nitterhouse
ST. JOSEPH, MN Yolanda Sarason Associate Professor, College of Associate Professor, School Erin Worsham
CARNEGIE-MELLON Terri Barreiro Assistant Professor Human Ecology; J. Thomas Clark of Accountancy and MIS Associate Director, Center
UNIVERSITY Director, Donald McNeely Center yolanda.sarason@business. Professor, Entrepreneurship dnitterh@depaul.edu for the Advancement of Social
PITTSBURGH, PA for Entrepreneurship colostate.edu sd32@cornell.edu Entrepreneurship (CASE
Denise Rousseau tbarreiro@csbsju.edu Laura Forlano DUKE UNIVERSITY erin.worsham@duke.edu
H. J. Heinz II Professor, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY DURHAM, NC
Paul Marsnik Postdoctoral Associate
Organization Behavior NEW YORK, NY EAST STROUDSBURG
Associate Professor, Management; lef55@cornell.edu Tony Brown
rousseau@andrew.cmu.edu Director, Entrepreneurship Raymond Fisman Co-Director, Hart Leadership UNIVERSITY
Director, Social Enterprise Mayte Gutierrez EAST STROUDSBURG, PA
Tim Zak Scholars Program Program and Professor of Practice,
Program; Lambert Family Vice President, Women
Associate Teaching Professor; pmarsnik@csbsju.edu anthony.brown@duke.edu Joseph P. Eshun
Professor, Social Enterprise in Public Policy, Cornell
Director, Institute for Social Institute for Public Affairs Catherine Clark
Associate Professor
COLLEGE OF rf250@columbia.edu jeshun@po-box.esu.edu
Innovation, tjzak@andrew.cmu.edu mdg224@cornell.edu Adjunct Assistant Professor,
THE ATLANTIC Raymond Horton Center for the Advancement of
CARSON NEWMAN BAR HARBOR, ME Founder, Social Enterprise John Jaquette ELON UNIVERSITY
Social Entrepreneurship (CASE)
COLLEGE Program; Frank R. Lautenberg Director of Entrepreneurship ELON, NC
Jay Friedlander cathy@cathyhc.com
JEFFERSON CITY, TN Professor, Ethics and @Cornell
Sharpe-McNally Chair of Green Gary Palin
Corporate Governance jpj7@cornell.edu J. Gregory Dees
Larry Osborne and Socially Responsibility Executive Director, Doherty
jfriedlander@coa.edu rdh3@columbia.edu Mark Milstein Professor, Practice of Center for Entrepreneurial
Professor, Psychology; Director,
Bonner Center for Service Director, Center for Sustainable Social Entrepreneurship Leadership; Senior Lecturer,
Kate Macko Gita Johar
Learning and Civic Engagement Global Enterprise; Lecturer, gdees@duke.edu Social Entrepreneurship
Sustainable Business Program Meyer Feldberg Professor,
losborne@cn.edu Business, Marketing Strategy, Innovation, and Nilanjana Dutt gpalin@elon.edu
Administrator, kmacko@coa.edu
gvj1@columbia.edu Sustainable Global Enterprise PhD Candidate
mm462@cornell.edu nilanjan.dutt@duke.edu
NORTH AMERICA
EMORY UNIVERSITY GEORGE MASON GEORGIA INSTITUTE HARVARD UNIVERSITY Allen Grossman INDIANA UNIVERSITY
ATLANTA, GA UNIVERSITY, FAIRFAX, VA OF TECHNOLOGY CAMBRIDGE, MA Professor, Management Practice BLOOMINGTON, IN
ATLANTA, GA agrossman@hbs.edu
Susan Hogan Phillip Auerswald David Ager Molly Ogden Burns Barwick
Adjunct Assistant Associate Professor and Terry C. Blum Co-Director, Undergraduate Herman B. “Dutch” Leonard Director, Civic Leadership
Professor, Marketing Director, Center for Science Director, Institute for Leadership Studies; Lecturer, Sociology Eliot I. Snider and Family Development; Director,
susan_hogan@bus.emory.edu and Technology Policy and Entrepreneurship ager@wjh.harvard.edu Professor, Business Alternative Spring Break
pauerswa@gmu.edu terry.blum@ile.gatech.edu Administration; George F. mobarwic@indiana.edu
Brad Killaly James Austin
Baker, Jr. Professor, Public
Associate Professor, Heather Hare Dori Pap Eliot I. Snider and Family Curtis Child
Sector Management
Organization and Management Associate Director, Research Scientist Professor, Business Ph.D. Candidate
dutch_leonard@harvard.edu
brad_killaly@bus.emory.edu Center for Leadership and dori.pap@ile.gatech.edu Administration cchild@indiana.edu
Community Engagement jaustin@hbs.edu Laura Moon
Peter Roberts Bob Thomas Donald Kuratko
hhare@gmu.edu Director, Social Enterprise
Associate Professor, Professor Julie Battilana Jack M. Gill Chair,
Initiative, lmoon@hbs.edu
Organization and Management Julie Owen robert.thomas@ile.gatech.edu Assistant Professor, Entrepreneurship
peter_roberts@bus.emory.edu Assistant Professor, Leadership Organizational Behavior Mark H. Moore dkuratko@indiana.edu
and Integrative Studies GEORGIA STATE jbattilana@hbs.edu Visiting Professor, Harvard
Richard Magjuka
ENTREPRENEURSHIP jowen4@gmu.edu UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, GA Business School; Hauser Professor,
L. David Brown Chair, Executive Degree Programs;
NORTHWEST; MAX Nonprofit Organizations
Paul Rogers Janelle Kerlin Lecturer, Public Policy; Fred G. Steingraber Professor,
PLANCK INSTITUTE Assistant Professor mmoore@hbs.edu
Assistant Professor, Associate Director, International Business Administration
OF ECONOMICS, BOISE, ID jkerlin@gsu.edu
Department of English Programs, Hauser Center for V. Kasturi “Kash” Rangan rmagjuka@indiana.edu
Norris Krueger Ph.D. progers2@gmu.edu Nonprofit Organizations Malcolm P. McNair Professor,
Dennis Young Dr. Toyah Miller
Founder (EN); l._david_brown@ksg.harvard.edu Marketing, vrangan@hbs.edu
Wendy Wagner Director, Nonprofit Assistant Professor
Research Fellow (MPI)
Director, Center for Leadership Studies Program Jeffrey S. Caldwell David Thomas milleto2@indiana.edu
norris.krueger@gmail.com
and Community Engagement paddry@langate.gsu.edu Associate Director, H. Naylor Fitzhugh Professor,
Siri Terjesen
EVERGREEN STATE
wwagner4@gmu.edu Fellowship Programs, Business Administration
GONZAGA UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor
Center for Public Leadership dthomas@hbs.edu
COLLEGE, OLYMPIA, WA terjesen@indiana.edu
GEORGE WASHINGTON SPOKANE, WA jeff_caldwell@harvard.edu
Nelson Pizarro UNIVERSITY HOWARD UNIVERSITY
Christopher E. Stevens Kriengsak Chareonwongsak INDIANA UNIVERSITY-
Faculty member, WASHINGTON, DC WASHINGTON, DC
Assistant Professor, Management Senior Fellow, Center for Business PURDUE UNIVERSITY
Business Administration
J. Mark Phillips and Entrepreneurship and Government; Rajawali Fellow Eldridge R. Allen INDIANAPOLIS
pizarron@evergreen.edu
Doctoral Fellow, stevens@jepson.gonzaga.edu kriengsak_chareonwongsak@ksg. Associate Director, Institute INDIANAPOLIS, IN
FAIRFIELD UNIVERSITY Department of Management harvard.edu for Entrepreneurship
GORDON COLLEGE Dr. Wolfgang Bielefeld
FAIRFIELD, CT
3elearning@gmail.com Leadership and Innovation
WENHAM, MA Michael Chu Professor, wbielefe@iupui.edu
erallen@howard.edu
Dr. Mukesh Sud GEORGETOWN Senior Lecturer, General
Ted Wood Andrew Lynch
Assistant Professor, Strategy UNIVERSITY
Management Johnetta Hardy
Professor, Ted.wood@gordon.edu Professor, ajlynch@iupui.edu
and Entrepreneurship mchu@hbs.edu Executive Director, Institute
WASHINGTON, DC
msud@mail.fairfield.edu for Entrepreneurship
Jeff Reid Alnoor Ebrahim IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
GREEN MOUNTAIN Leadership and Innovation
Director, Entrepreneurship Associate Professor, AMES, IA
FORDHAM UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, POULTNEY, VT jbhardy@howard.edu
and Real Estate Initiative General Management Howard VanAuken
NEW YORK, NY Dr. Jacob Park aebrahim@hbs.edu
jpr53@georgetown.edu Fellow, Entrepreneurship;
Michael Pirson Associate Professor, Business
Jennifer Firneno Professor, Management
Assistant Professor James Allen Smith Strategy and Sustainability
Reynolds Foundation Fellows vanauken@iastate.edu
pirson@fordham.edu Waldemar A. Nielsen parkj@greenmtn.edu
Chair in Philanthropy Program Manager, Center
jas239@georgetown.edu for Public Leadership
jennifer_firneno@harvard.edu
NORTH AMERICA
EMORY UNIVERSITY GEORGE MASON GEORGIA INSTITUTE HARVARD UNIVERSITY Allen Grossman INDIANA UNIVERSITY
ATLANTA, GA UNIVERSITY, FAIRFAX, VA OF TECHNOLOGY CAMBRIDGE, MA Professor, Management Practice BLOOMINGTON, IN
ATLANTA, GA agrossman@hbs.edu
Susan Hogan Phillip Auerswald David Ager Molly Ogden Burns Barwick
Adjunct Assistant Associate Professor and Terry C. Blum Co-Director, Undergraduate Herman B. “Dutch” Leonard Director, Civic Leadership
Professor, Marketing Director, Center for Science Director, Institute for Leadership Studies; Lecturer, Sociology Eliot I. Snider and Family Development; Director,
susan_hogan@bus.emory.edu and Technology Policy and Entrepreneurship ager@wjh.harvard.edu Professor, Business Alternative Spring Break
pauerswa@gmu.edu terry.blum@ile.gatech.edu Administration; George F. mobarwic@indiana.edu
Brad Killaly James Austin
Baker, Jr. Professor, Public
Associate Professor, Heather Hare Dori Pap Eliot I. Snider and Family Curtis Child
Sector Management
Organization and Management Associate Director, Research Scientist Professor, Business Ph.D. Candidate
dutch_leonard@harvard.edu
brad_killaly@bus.emory.edu Center for Leadership and dori.pap@ile.gatech.edu Administration cchild@indiana.edu
Community Engagement jaustin@hbs.edu Laura Moon
Peter Roberts Bob Thomas Donald Kuratko
hhare@gmu.edu Director, Social Enterprise
Associate Professor, Professor Julie Battilana Jack M. Gill Chair,
Initiative, lmoon@hbs.edu
Organization and Management Julie Owen robert.thomas@ile.gatech.edu Assistant Professor, Entrepreneurship
peter_roberts@bus.emory.edu Assistant Professor, Leadership Organizational Behavior Mark H. Moore dkuratko@indiana.edu
and Integrative Studies GEORGIA STATE jbattilana@hbs.edu Visiting Professor, Harvard
Richard Magjuka
ENTREPRENEURSHIP jowen4@gmu.edu UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, GA Business School; Hauser Professor,
L. David Brown Chair, Executive Degree Programs;
NORTHWEST; MAX Nonprofit Organizations
Paul Rogers Janelle Kerlin Lecturer, Public Policy; Fred G. Steingraber Professor,
PLANCK INSTITUTE Assistant Professor mmoore@hbs.edu
Assistant Professor, Associate Director, International Business Administration
OF ECONOMICS, BOISE, ID jkerlin@gsu.edu
Department of English Programs, Hauser Center for V. Kasturi “Kash” Rangan rmagjuka@indiana.edu
Norris Krueger Ph.D. progers2@gmu.edu Nonprofit Organizations Malcolm P. McNair Professor,
Dennis Young Dr. Toyah Miller
Founder (EN); l._david_brown@ksg.harvard.edu Marketing, vrangan@hbs.edu
Wendy Wagner Director, Nonprofit Assistant Professor
Research Fellow (MPI)
Director, Center for Leadership Studies Program Jeffrey S. Caldwell David Thomas milleto2@indiana.edu
norris.krueger@gmail.com
and Community Engagement paddry@langate.gsu.edu Associate Director, H. Naylor Fitzhugh Professor,
Siri Terjesen
EVERGREEN STATE
wwagner4@gmu.edu Fellowship Programs, Business Administration
GONZAGA UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor
Center for Public Leadership dthomas@hbs.edu
COLLEGE, OLYMPIA, WA terjesen@indiana.edu
GEORGE WASHINGTON SPOKANE, WA jeff_caldwell@harvard.edu
Nelson Pizarro UNIVERSITY HOWARD UNIVERSITY
Christopher E. Stevens Kriengsak Chareonwongsak INDIANA UNIVERSITY-
Faculty member, WASHINGTON, DC WASHINGTON, DC
Assistant Professor, Management Senior Fellow, Center for Business PURDUE UNIVERSITY
Business Administration
J. Mark Phillips and Entrepreneurship and Government; Rajawali Fellow Eldridge R. Allen INDIANAPOLIS
pizarron@evergreen.edu
Doctoral Fellow, stevens@jepson.gonzaga.edu kriengsak_chareonwongsak@ksg. Associate Director, Institute INDIANAPOLIS, IN
FAIRFIELD UNIVERSITY Department of Management harvard.edu for Entrepreneurship
GORDON COLLEGE Dr. Wolfgang Bielefeld
FAIRFIELD, CT
3elearning@gmail.com Leadership and Innovation
WENHAM, MA Michael Chu Professor, wbielefe@iupui.edu
erallen@howard.edu
Dr. Mukesh Sud GEORGETOWN Senior Lecturer, General
Ted Wood Andrew Lynch
Assistant Professor, Strategy UNIVERSITY
Management Johnetta Hardy
Professor, Ted.wood@gordon.edu Professor, ajlynch@iupui.edu
and Entrepreneurship mchu@hbs.edu Executive Director, Institute
WASHINGTON, DC
msud@mail.fairfield.edu for Entrepreneurship
Jeff Reid Alnoor Ebrahim IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
GREEN MOUNTAIN Leadership and Innovation
Director, Entrepreneurship Associate Professor, AMES, IA
FORDHAM UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, POULTNEY, VT jbhardy@howard.edu
and Real Estate Initiative General Management Howard VanAuken
NEW YORK, NY Dr. Jacob Park aebrahim@hbs.edu
jpr53@georgetown.edu Fellow, Entrepreneurship;
Michael Pirson Associate Professor, Business
Jennifer Firneno Professor, Management
Assistant Professor James Allen Smith Strategy and Sustainability
Reynolds Foundation Fellows vanauken@iastate.edu
pirson@fordham.edu Waldemar A. Nielsen parkj@greenmtn.edu
Chair in Philanthropy Program Manager, Center
jas239@georgetown.edu for Public Leadership
jennifer_firneno@harvard.edu
NORTH AMERICA
JOHNS HOPKINS MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY MIAMI UNIVERSITY Bill Shore NORTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA
UNIVERSITY MILWAUKEE, WI OXFORD, OH Adjunct Professor, Social UNIVERSITY, CHICAGO, IL STATE UNIVERSITY
BALTIMORE, MD Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY PARK, PA
David Buckholdt Katie Mulligan Peter Brinckerhoff
bshore@stern.nyu.edu Tom Coolidge
Dipankar Chakravarti, Professor; Director, Center Assistant Director, Center Adjunct Professor,
Ph.D., Professor, Marketing; for Teaching and Learning for Social Entrepreneurship Kerwin Tesdell Social Enterprise Assistant Professor,
Vice Dean, Programs david.buckholdt@marquette.edu mulligke@muohio.edu Adjunct Professor, Law; Adjunct peter@missionbased.com thc100@psu.edu
dipankar.chakravarti@jhu.edu Professor, Finance, ket1@nyu.edu Khanjan Mehta
Tim Keane Brett Smith Scott T. Whitaker
Dave Gershon Entrepreneur in Residence, Kohler Director, Center for Adjunct Associate Professor Affiliate Faculty, School of
NORTH CAROLINA Engineering Design, Technology,
Lecturer, dgershon@jhu.edu Center for Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship scottwhitaker@kellogg.
STATE UNIVERSITY and Professional Programs
Director, Golden Angels Network smithbr2@muohio.edu northwestern.edu
Bill Tiefenwerth RALEIGH, NC khanjan@engr.psu.edu
tim.keane@marquette.edu
Director, Center for Social MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE
Marianne Woodward
Steve Barr
Concern, btief@jhu.edu Jeff Snell Lecturer, Nonprofit PEPPERDINE UNIVERSITY
MIDDLEBURY, VT Department Head, Management,
Special Advisor to the President Management and Social Enterprise MALIBU, CA
Jonathan Isham Innovation and Entrepreneurship
KANSAS STATE Jeffrey.snell@marquette.edu m-woodward@kellogg.
Luce Professor, International steve_barr@ncsu.edu Larry Cox
UNIVERSITY northwestern.edu
MASSACHUSETTS Environmental Economics Professor, Entrepreneurship
MANHATTAN, KS Barbara Metelsky
jisham@middlebury.edu OBERLIN COLLEGE larry.cox@pepperdine.edu
INSTITUTE OF Director, Center for Nonprofits
Jeffrey Hornsby
TECHNOLOGY barbara_metelsky@ncsu.edu OBERLIN, OH Margaret Weber
Jack Vanier Chair, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
Entrepreneurship CAMBRIDGE, MA Lauren Beth Abendschein Dean; Professor, Education
NEW YORK, NY Greg Young
jhornsby@ksu.edu Michael Cusumano Entrepreneurship Fellow; margaret.weber@pepperdine.edu
Associate Professor
Sloan Management Review Sophie C. Bacq greg_young@ncsu.edu Assistant Director, Career Services
KENNESAW Professor; Head, Technological Ph.D. Candidate Lauren.Abendschei@oberlin.edu PHILANDER SMITH
STATE UNIVERSITY Innovation and Entrepreneurship sophie.bacq@uclouvain.be NORTHEASTERN COLLEGE, LITTLE ROCK, AR
KENNESAW, GA Group, cusumano@mit.edu UNIVERSITY, BOSTON, MA OGLETHORPE James Rush
William Baumol
UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, GA Professor, Philosophy and
Jennifer A. Wade-Berg, Iqbal Quadir Professor, Economics; Academic Jeff Cumplido
Religion, jrush@philander.edu
Ph.D, Assistant Professor, Director, Program in Director, Berkley Center for Social Enterprise Institute Sreeratna Kancherla
Human Services Developmental Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurial Studies sei@neu.edu Director, IDEX Fellowship
PRESCOTT COLLEGE
jwadeber@kennesaw.edu quadir@mit.edu wbaumol@stern.nyu.edu in Social Enterprise
Dennis Shaughnessy PRESCOTT, AZ
skancherla@oglethorpe.edu
Gabriel Brodbar Executive Professor, Steven M. Corey, Ph.D.
LOUISIANA STATE MCGILL UNIVERSITY Director, gabriel.brodbar@nyu.edu Entrepreneurship and Innovation Executive Vice President; Adjunct
UNIVERSITY MONTREAL, QUEBEC, PACE UNIVERSITY
Cynthia Franklin d.shaughnessy@neu.edu NEW YORK, NY Faculty, Nonprofit Management
BATON ROUGE, LA CANADA
Senior Associate Director, Berkley and Social Entrepreneurship
Mark Weaver Hiba Al-Ali NORTHERN ILLINOIS Noushi Rahman
Center for Entrepreneurial Studies scorey@prescott.edu
Thomas H. Daigre Chair, Business Ph.D. candidate UNIVERSITY, DEKALB, IL Associate Professor, Management
cfrankli@stern.nyu.edu nrahman@pace.edu
mwever@lsu.edu hiba.al-ali@mail.mcgill.ca
Dennis Barsema QUEENS COLLEGE
Jill Kickul Rebecca Tekula
Instructor, dbarsema@niu.edu FLUSHING, NY
MANHATTAN COLLEGE MCMASTER UNIVERSITY Director, Stewart Satter Program Executive Director, Wilson Center
NEW YORK, NY HAMILTON, ONTARIO, in Social Entrepreneurship Steven Appel
NORTHERN KENTUCKY for Social Entrepreneurship
CANADA jkickul@stern.nyu.edu Assistant Director, Co-Founder
Frederick Greene UNIVERSITY, HIGHLAND rtekula@pace.edu
Queens College Center
Associate Professor, Management; Benson Honig Frances Milliken HEIGHTS, KY for Ethnic, Racial and
Jeffrey Trexler
Director, Small Business Institute Teresa Cascioli Chair, Professor, fmillike@stern.nyu.edu Religious Understanding
John Clarkin Wilson Professor,
frederick.greene@manhattan.edu Entrepreneurial Leadership stevenappel100@gmail.com
Zur Shapira Associate Professor, Social Entrepreneurship
bhonig@mcmaster.ca jtrexler@pace.edu
Carolyn Predmore William Berkley Professor, Entrepreneurship Grace Davie
Professor Bruce Martin Management clarkinj1@nku.edu Professor, History and Memory
carolyn.predmore@manhattan.edu Ph.D. Candidate zshapira@stern.nyu.edu Grace.Davie@qc.cuny.edu
brucecarruthersmartin@gmail.com
NORTH AMERICA
JOHNS HOPKINS MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY MIAMI UNIVERSITY Bill Shore NORTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA
UNIVERSITY MILWAUKEE, WI OXFORD, OH Adjunct Professor, Social UNIVERSITY, CHICAGO, IL STATE UNIVERSITY
BALTIMORE, MD Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY PARK, PA
David Buckholdt Katie Mulligan Peter Brinckerhoff
bshore@stern.nyu.edu Tom Coolidge
Dipankar Chakravarti, Professor; Director, Center Assistant Director, Center Adjunct Professor,
Ph.D., Professor, Marketing; for Teaching and Learning for Social Entrepreneurship Kerwin Tesdell Social Enterprise Assistant Professor,
Vice Dean, Programs david.buckholdt@marquette.edu mulligke@muohio.edu Adjunct Professor, Law; Adjunct peter@missionbased.com thc100@psu.edu
dipankar.chakravarti@jhu.edu Professor, Finance, ket1@nyu.edu Khanjan Mehta
Tim Keane Brett Smith Scott T. Whitaker
Dave Gershon Entrepreneur in Residence, Kohler Director, Center for Adjunct Associate Professor Affiliate Faculty, School of
NORTH CAROLINA Engineering Design, Technology,
Lecturer, dgershon@jhu.edu Center for Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship scottwhitaker@kellogg.
STATE UNIVERSITY and Professional Programs
Director, Golden Angels Network smithbr2@muohio.edu northwestern.edu
Bill Tiefenwerth RALEIGH, NC khanjan@engr.psu.edu
tim.keane@marquette.edu
Director, Center for Social MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE
Marianne Woodward
Steve Barr
Concern, btief@jhu.edu Jeff Snell Lecturer, Nonprofit PEPPERDINE UNIVERSITY
MIDDLEBURY, VT Department Head, Management,
Special Advisor to the President Management and Social Enterprise MALIBU, CA
Jonathan Isham Innovation and Entrepreneurship
KANSAS STATE Jeffrey.snell@marquette.edu m-woodward@kellogg.
Luce Professor, International steve_barr@ncsu.edu Larry Cox
UNIVERSITY northwestern.edu
MASSACHUSETTS Environmental Economics Professor, Entrepreneurship
MANHATTAN, KS Barbara Metelsky
jisham@middlebury.edu OBERLIN COLLEGE larry.cox@pepperdine.edu
INSTITUTE OF Director, Center for Nonprofits
Jeffrey Hornsby
TECHNOLOGY barbara_metelsky@ncsu.edu OBERLIN, OH Margaret Weber
Jack Vanier Chair, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
Entrepreneurship CAMBRIDGE, MA Lauren Beth Abendschein Dean; Professor, Education
NEW YORK, NY Greg Young
jhornsby@ksu.edu Michael Cusumano Entrepreneurship Fellow; margaret.weber@pepperdine.edu
Associate Professor
Sloan Management Review Sophie C. Bacq greg_young@ncsu.edu Assistant Director, Career Services
KENNESAW Professor; Head, Technological Ph.D. Candidate Lauren.Abendschei@oberlin.edu PHILANDER SMITH
STATE UNIVERSITY Innovation and Entrepreneurship sophie.bacq@uclouvain.be NORTHEASTERN COLLEGE, LITTLE ROCK, AR
KENNESAW, GA Group, cusumano@mit.edu UNIVERSITY, BOSTON, MA OGLETHORPE James Rush
William Baumol
UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, GA Professor, Philosophy and
Jennifer A. Wade-Berg, Iqbal Quadir Professor, Economics; Academic Jeff Cumplido
Religion, jrush@philander.edu
Ph.D, Assistant Professor, Director, Program in Director, Berkley Center for Social Enterprise Institute Sreeratna Kancherla
Human Services Developmental Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurial Studies sei@neu.edu Director, IDEX Fellowship
PRESCOTT COLLEGE
jwadeber@kennesaw.edu quadir@mit.edu wbaumol@stern.nyu.edu in Social Enterprise
Dennis Shaughnessy PRESCOTT, AZ
skancherla@oglethorpe.edu
Gabriel Brodbar Executive Professor, Steven M. Corey, Ph.D.
LOUISIANA STATE MCGILL UNIVERSITY Director, gabriel.brodbar@nyu.edu Entrepreneurship and Innovation Executive Vice President; Adjunct
UNIVERSITY MONTREAL, QUEBEC, PACE UNIVERSITY
Cynthia Franklin d.shaughnessy@neu.edu NEW YORK, NY Faculty, Nonprofit Management
BATON ROUGE, LA CANADA
Senior Associate Director, Berkley and Social Entrepreneurship
Mark Weaver Hiba Al-Ali NORTHERN ILLINOIS Noushi Rahman
Center for Entrepreneurial Studies scorey@prescott.edu
Thomas H. Daigre Chair, Business Ph.D. candidate UNIVERSITY, DEKALB, IL Associate Professor, Management
cfrankli@stern.nyu.edu nrahman@pace.edu
mwever@lsu.edu hiba.al-ali@mail.mcgill.ca
Dennis Barsema QUEENS COLLEGE
Jill Kickul Rebecca Tekula
Instructor, dbarsema@niu.edu FLUSHING, NY
MANHATTAN COLLEGE MCMASTER UNIVERSITY Director, Stewart Satter Program Executive Director, Wilson Center
NEW YORK, NY HAMILTON, ONTARIO, in Social Entrepreneurship Steven Appel
NORTHERN KENTUCKY for Social Entrepreneurship
CANADA jkickul@stern.nyu.edu Assistant Director, Co-Founder
Frederick Greene UNIVERSITY, HIGHLAND rtekula@pace.edu
Queens College Center
Associate Professor, Management; Benson Honig Frances Milliken HEIGHTS, KY for Ethnic, Racial and
Jeffrey Trexler
Director, Small Business Institute Teresa Cascioli Chair, Professor, fmillike@stern.nyu.edu Religious Understanding
John Clarkin Wilson Professor,
frederick.greene@manhattan.edu Entrepreneurial Leadership stevenappel100@gmail.com
Zur Shapira Associate Professor, Social Entrepreneurship
bhonig@mcmaster.ca jtrexler@pace.edu
Carolyn Predmore William Berkley Professor, Entrepreneurship Grace Davie
Professor Bruce Martin Management clarkinj1@nku.edu Professor, History and Memory
carolyn.predmore@manhattan.edu Ph.D. Candidate zshapira@stern.nyu.edu Grace.Davie@qc.cuny.edu
brucecarruthersmartin@gmail.com
NORTH AMERICA
QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY RICHARD STOCKTON RYERSON UNIVERSITY SANTA CLARA SIMMONS SCHOOL STANFORD UNIVERSITY
KINGSTON, ONTARIO, COLLEGE, GALLOWAY TORONTO, ONTARIO, UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT PALO ALTO, CA
CANADA TOWNSHIP, NJ CANADA SANTA CLARA, CA BOSTON, MA Laura Arrillaga-Andreessen
Tina M. Dacin John Pearlstein Dave Valliere Linda Alepin Fiona Wilson Lecturer, Business Strategy
Professor, Strategy and Organizational Professor, jpearlstein@aol.com Associate Professor, Strategy Dean’s Executive Professor, Assistant Professor
Behavior; Director, QSB Centre for and Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship; Founding fiona.wilson@simmons.edu Rick Aubry
Responsible Leadership ROGERS STATE valliere@ryerson.ca Director, Global Women’s Lecturer, Management
tdacin@business.queensu.ca UNIVERSITY Leadership Network SOUTHERN ILLINOIS aubry_rick@gsb.stanford.edu
CLAREMORE, OK SAINT JOSEPH’S lalepin@scu.edu UNIVERSITY, CARBONDALE
Jean-Baptiste Litrico Bill Behrman
UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE, IL
Assistant Professor Thomas Carment Eric Carlson Consulting Associate Professor,
O D Mayor Endowed Chair PHILADELPHIA, PA Kay M. Nelson
jlitrico@business.queensu.ca Associate Director, Selection and School of Engineering
carment1@rsu.edu Kenneth Kury Incubation; Adjunct Professor, Professor, Management, behrman@stanford.edu
QUEENS UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor, Management Leavey School of Business MIS and Entrepreneurship
OF CHARLOTTE ROLLINS COLLEGE kkury@sju.edu ecarlson@scu.edu ikay@siu.edu David Brady
CHARLOTTE, NC WINTER PARK, FL Bowen H. and Janice Arthur
SAMFORD UNIVERSITY James Koch SOUTHERN METHODIST McCoy Professorship in Ethics;
Charles E. Bamford, Ph.D. Margaret Linnane Professor, Management Deputy Director, the Hoover
Executive Director, Rollins HOMEWOOD, AL UNIVERSITY, DALLAS, TX
Professor, Entrepreneurship jkoch@scu.edu Institution, dbrady@stanford.edu
and Strategy; Dennis Thompson College Philanthropy & Nonprofit Franz Lohrke Zannie Voss
Chair, Entrepreneurial Leadership Leadership Center (PNLC) Chair, Department of Jennifer Woolley Chair and Professor, Arts Kriss Deiglmeier
bamfordc@queens.edu mlinnane@rollins.edu Entrepreneurship, Marketing Assistant Professor Administration in the Meadows Executive Director,
and Management jwoolley@scu.edu School of the Arts and the Cox Center for Social Innovation
Michele Meyer deiglmeier_kriss@gsb.stanford.edu
QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY ftlohrke@samford.edu School of Business
Director, Community SCHOOL FOR
HAMDEN, CT zvoss@smu.edu
Engagement- Rollins College INTERNATIONAL Melanie Edwards
SAN FRANCISCO
David Tomczyk mmeyer@rollins.edu TRAINING
Lecturer, Urban Studies and
STATE UNIVERSITY SPRING ARBOR
Assistant Professor, Management Public Policy Programs
Chrissy Garton SAN FRANCISCO, CA BATTLEBORO, VT UNIVERSITY
David.Tomczyk@quinnipiac.edu melanie.edwards@stanford.edu
Manager, Center for Advanced Geoffrey Desa S. Aqeel Tirmizi, Ph.D. SPRING ARBOR, MI
Entrepreneurship Associate Professor, Gina Jorasch
REGIS UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor, Management E. Allen Knight
cegarton@rollins.edu Management Director, Public Management
DENVER, CO gdesa@sfsu.edu Assistant Professor, Business
aqeel.tirmizi@sit.edu Program, Center for Social
and Director, eknight@arbor.edu
Beth Ann Parish ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY Innovation
SAN JOSE STATE
Program Manager; John J. Sullivan SEATTLE UNIVERSITY Jorasch_gina@gsb.stanford.edu
Raed Elaydi UNIVERSITY ST. FRANCIS
Endowed Chair for Free Enterprise SEATTLE, WA
Assistant Professor SAN JOSE, CA XAVIER UNIVERSITY Lawrence Litvak
bparish@regis.edu
relaydi@roosevelt.edu Harriet Buckman ANTIGONISH, Lecturer, lalitvak@stanford.edu
Anuradha Basu
RICE UNIVERSITY Professor, Entrepreneurship; Stepheson NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA
ROWAN UNIVERSITY Suzanne McKechnie Klahr
HOUSTON, TX Director, Silicon Valley Center Professor, Management Monica Diochon Lecturer, Stanford Law School
GLASSBORO, NJ harriet@seattleu.edu
for Entrepreneurship Chair, Department of Suzanne@Build.org
Marc Epstein
Robert S. D’Intino anu.basu@sjsu.edu Mark Pomerantz Business Administration
Distinguished Research Bill Meehan
PhD, MBA, William G. Rohrer Doctoral Student, Leadership mdiochon@stfx.ca
Professor, Management Joyce Osland Lecturer, Strategic Management
Professor, Entrepreneurship; marklp2@comcast.net
epstein@rice.edu Lucas Endowed Professor, wmeehan@stanford.edu
Professor, Management
Dintino@rowan.edu Global Leadership
osland_j@cob.sjsu.edu SETON HALL UNIVERSITY Debra Meyerson
SOUTH ORANGE, NJ Associate Professor, Organizational
Susan Scherreik
Behavior; Associate Professor,
Director, Center for Education; Faculty Co-director,
Entrepreneurial Studies Stanford Center on Philanthropy
scherrsu@shu.edu and Civil Society
debram@stanford.edu
NORTH AMERICA
QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY RICHARD STOCKTON RYERSON UNIVERSITY SANTA CLARA SIMMONS SCHOOL STANFORD UNIVERSITY
KINGSTON, ONTARIO, COLLEGE, GALLOWAY TORONTO, ONTARIO, UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT PALO ALTO, CA
CANADA TOWNSHIP, NJ CANADA SANTA CLARA, CA BOSTON, MA Laura Arrillaga-Andreessen
Tina M. Dacin John Pearlstein Dave Valliere Linda Alepin Fiona Wilson Lecturer, Business Strategy
Professor, Strategy and Organizational Professor, jpearlstein@aol.com Associate Professor, Strategy Dean’s Executive Professor, Assistant Professor
Behavior; Director, QSB Centre for and Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship; Founding fiona.wilson@simmons.edu Rick Aubry
Responsible Leadership ROGERS STATE valliere@ryerson.ca Director, Global Women’s Lecturer, Management
tdacin@business.queensu.ca UNIVERSITY Leadership Network SOUTHERN ILLINOIS aubry_rick@gsb.stanford.edu
CLAREMORE, OK SAINT JOSEPH’S lalepin@scu.edu UNIVERSITY, CARBONDALE
Jean-Baptiste Litrico Bill Behrman
UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE, IL
Assistant Professor Thomas Carment Eric Carlson Consulting Associate Professor,
O D Mayor Endowed Chair PHILADELPHIA, PA Kay M. Nelson
jlitrico@business.queensu.ca Associate Director, Selection and School of Engineering
carment1@rsu.edu Kenneth Kury Incubation; Adjunct Professor, Professor, Management, behrman@stanford.edu
QUEENS UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor, Management Leavey School of Business MIS and Entrepreneurship
OF CHARLOTTE ROLLINS COLLEGE kkury@sju.edu ecarlson@scu.edu ikay@siu.edu David Brady
CHARLOTTE, NC WINTER PARK, FL Bowen H. and Janice Arthur
SAMFORD UNIVERSITY James Koch SOUTHERN METHODIST McCoy Professorship in Ethics;
Charles E. Bamford, Ph.D. Margaret Linnane Professor, Management Deputy Director, the Hoover
Executive Director, Rollins HOMEWOOD, AL UNIVERSITY, DALLAS, TX
Professor, Entrepreneurship jkoch@scu.edu Institution, dbrady@stanford.edu
and Strategy; Dennis Thompson College Philanthropy & Nonprofit Franz Lohrke Zannie Voss
Chair, Entrepreneurial Leadership Leadership Center (PNLC) Chair, Department of Jennifer Woolley Chair and Professor, Arts Kriss Deiglmeier
bamfordc@queens.edu mlinnane@rollins.edu Entrepreneurship, Marketing Assistant Professor Administration in the Meadows Executive Director,
and Management jwoolley@scu.edu School of the Arts and the Cox Center for Social Innovation
Michele Meyer deiglmeier_kriss@gsb.stanford.edu
QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY ftlohrke@samford.edu School of Business
Director, Community SCHOOL FOR
HAMDEN, CT zvoss@smu.edu
Engagement- Rollins College INTERNATIONAL Melanie Edwards
SAN FRANCISCO
David Tomczyk mmeyer@rollins.edu TRAINING
Lecturer, Urban Studies and
STATE UNIVERSITY SPRING ARBOR
Assistant Professor, Management Public Policy Programs
Chrissy Garton SAN FRANCISCO, CA BATTLEBORO, VT UNIVERSITY
David.Tomczyk@quinnipiac.edu melanie.edwards@stanford.edu
Manager, Center for Advanced Geoffrey Desa S. Aqeel Tirmizi, Ph.D. SPRING ARBOR, MI
Entrepreneurship Associate Professor, Gina Jorasch
REGIS UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor, Management E. Allen Knight
cegarton@rollins.edu Management Director, Public Management
DENVER, CO gdesa@sfsu.edu Assistant Professor, Business
aqeel.tirmizi@sit.edu Program, Center for Social
and Director, eknight@arbor.edu
Beth Ann Parish ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY Innovation
SAN JOSE STATE
Program Manager; John J. Sullivan SEATTLE UNIVERSITY Jorasch_gina@gsb.stanford.edu
Raed Elaydi UNIVERSITY ST. FRANCIS
Endowed Chair for Free Enterprise SEATTLE, WA
Assistant Professor SAN JOSE, CA XAVIER UNIVERSITY Lawrence Litvak
bparish@regis.edu
relaydi@roosevelt.edu Harriet Buckman ANTIGONISH, Lecturer, lalitvak@stanford.edu
Anuradha Basu
RICE UNIVERSITY Professor, Entrepreneurship; Stepheson NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA
ROWAN UNIVERSITY Suzanne McKechnie Klahr
HOUSTON, TX Director, Silicon Valley Center Professor, Management Monica Diochon Lecturer, Stanford Law School
GLASSBORO, NJ harriet@seattleu.edu
for Entrepreneurship Chair, Department of Suzanne@Build.org
Marc Epstein
Robert S. D’Intino anu.basu@sjsu.edu Mark Pomerantz Business Administration
Distinguished Research Bill Meehan
PhD, MBA, William G. Rohrer Doctoral Student, Leadership mdiochon@stfx.ca
Professor, Management Joyce Osland Lecturer, Strategic Management
Professor, Entrepreneurship; marklp2@comcast.net
epstein@rice.edu Lucas Endowed Professor, wmeehan@stanford.edu
Professor, Management
Dintino@rowan.edu Global Leadership
osland_j@cob.sjsu.edu SETON HALL UNIVERSITY Debra Meyerson
SOUTH ORANGE, NJ Associate Professor, Organizational
Susan Scherreik
Behavior; Associate Professor,
Director, Center for Education; Faculty Co-director,
Entrepreneurial Studies Stanford Center on Philanthropy
scherrsu@shu.edu and Civil Society
debram@stanford.edu
NORTH AMERICA
STANFORD UNIVERSITY Stefanos Zenios Nancy Z. Henkin Peter Rogers TUFTS UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF
STANFORD, CA (CON’T) Charles A. Holloway Professor, Director, Center for Director, Social Innovation MEDFORD, MA ALASKA SOUTHEAST
Operations, Information, Intergenerational Learning and Commercialization JUNEAU, AK
Dale Miller Pamela Goldberg
and Technology nancyh@temple.edu Rogers.693@osu.edu
Director, Center for Social Director, Entrepreneurial Rick Wolk
stefzen@leland.stanford.edu
Innovation; Professor, Psychology T.L. Hill Judith Tansky Leadership Program Assistant Professor, Marketing and
Miller_Dale@GSB.Stanford.edu Assistant Professor Senior Lecturer, Management pamela.goldberg@tufts.edu Entrepreneurship
STATE UNIVERSITY
tl.hill@temple.edu and Human Resources rick.wolk@uas.alaska.edu
James Patell OF NEW YORK Nancy Wilson
tansky_1@fisher.osu.edu
Herbert Hoover Professor, Public ALBANY, NY Director and Associate Dean,
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
and Private Management; Jonathan M. Tisch College of
Sarfraz Mian COLLEGE STATION, TX THUNDERBIRD TUCSON, AZ
Co-director, Product Professor, Business Administration;
Citizenship and Public Service
SCHOOL OF GLOBAL Matthew Mars
Realization Network Chair, Marketing and Management Brett Anitra Gilbert nancy.wilson@tufts.edu
patell_james@gsb.stanford.edu Assistant Professor MANAGEMENT Lecturer and Researcher
Department; Professor Strategic Kristen Zecchi
bagilbert@mays.tamu.edu GLENDALE, AZ mmars@eller.arizona.edu
Management and Entrepreneurship,
Liz Peintner The Fletcher School Associate
sarfraz.mian@oswego.edu Amanda Bollough, Ph.D.
Assistant Director, Public Director, Admissions and UNIVERSITY OF
TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor,
Management Program, Center for Financial Aid BALTIMORE
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LUBBOCK, TX Entrepreneurship
Social Innovation Kristen.Zecchi@tufts.edu
SYRACUSE, NY amanda.bullough@ BALTIMORE, MD
peintner_liz@gsb.stanford.edu Dr. Jeremy Short
Associate Professor thunderbird.edu J. Howard Kucher
Shoko Kato TULANE UNIVERSITY
James Phills, Jr. Jeremy.short@ttu.edu Executive Director,
Ph.D. Candidate Michael Finney Stephanie Barksdale
Claude N. Rosenberg Jr. Director, Entrepreneurship Program
skato@syr.edu Clinical Associate Special Assistant to President
Center for Social Innovation THE NEW SCHOOL jkucher@ubalt.edu
Professor, Management Cowen, Social
phills_james@gsb.stanford.edu Bruce Kingma NEW YORK, NY michael.finney@thunderbird.edu Entrepreneurship Initiatives
Associate Provost, UNIVERSITY
Erica Plambeck Dennis Derryck sbark@tulane.edu
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Mike Low OF CALIFORNIA,
Walter Kenneth Kilpatrick Professor of Professional Practice,
brkingma@syr.edu Director, Employer Rebecca Otten BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA
Professor, Operations, Non-Profit Management Relations, School Program Assistant, Social
Information, and Technology Tom Lumpkin derryckd@newschool.edu Mike Bishop
of Global Management Entrepreneurship Initiatives
elp@stanford.edu Professor; Chris J. Witting Chair, Assistant Director, Cal Corps
Michele Kahane mike.low@thunderbird.edu rotten@tulane.edu
Entrepreneurship Public Service Center
Jesper B. Sørensen Professor of Professional Practice,
lumpkin@syr.edu Charles Reeves Carol Whelan bishop@berkeley.edu
Robert A. and Elizabeth Social Entrepreneurship Program Manager, Thunderbird Professor of Practice,
R. Jeffe Professor, Minet Schindehutte kahanem@newschool.edu John Danner
Emerging Markets Laboratory Teacher Certification Program
Organizational Behavior Associate Professor, Senior Fellow;
Anna Rabinowicz oc7sib11@yahoo.com cwhelan@tulane.edu
sorensen@stanford.edu Entrepreneurship The Lester Center for
mschinde@syr.edu Associate Professor,
Sarah Soule TRINITY INTERNATIONAL Entrepreneurship and
Product Design UNITY COLLEGE
Morgridge Professor, UNIVERSITY Innovation Lecturer
TEMPLE UNIVERSITY rabinowa@newschool.edu UNITY, ME
Organizational Behavior; DEERFIELD, IL
danner@haas.berkeley.edu
PHILADELPHIA, PA Jennifer Olin
Professor, Sociology THE OHIO STATE Martha Saavedra
Michael T. Cooper Community-Based
soule@stanford.edu Linda Gloss UNIVERSITY Associate Director,
Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Ph.D., Associate Professor, Learning Coordinator
Allen Thayer COLUMBUS, OH Religion and Contemporary Center for African Studies
Co-Founder, Institute Jolin@unity.edu
Assistant Director, Public Culture; Director, Master of Arts martha@berkeley.edu
for Social Innovation Geoffrey Kistruck
Management Program, linda.gloss@temple.edu Assistant Professor in Communication and Culture UNIVERSITY AT ALBANY, George Scharffenberger
Center for Social Innovation kistruck_1@fisher.osu.edu mcooper@tiu.edu STATE UNIVERSITY Special Advisor for International
thayer_allen@gsb.stanford.edu Jeffrey Gloss OF NEW YORK Development Policy and Practice
Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Stephanie Moulton
Jane Wei-Skillern ALBANY, NY gscharffenberger@berkeley.edu
Co-Founder, Institute for Social Assistant Professor,
Lecturer, Organizational Behavior Innovation, jeffrey.gloss@temple.edu John Glenn School Paul Miesing
of Public Affairs Associate Professor
moulton.23@osu.edu paul.miesing@albany.edu
NORTH AMERICA
STANFORD UNIVERSITY Stefanos Zenios Nancy Z. Henkin Peter Rogers TUFTS UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF
STANFORD, CA (CON’T) Charles A. Holloway Professor, Director, Center for Director, Social Innovation MEDFORD, MA ALASKA SOUTHEAST
Operations, Information, Intergenerational Learning and Commercialization JUNEAU, AK
Dale Miller Pamela Goldberg
and Technology nancyh@temple.edu Rogers.693@osu.edu
Director, Center for Social Director, Entrepreneurial Rick Wolk
stefzen@leland.stanford.edu
Innovation; Professor, Psychology T.L. Hill Judith Tansky Leadership Program Assistant Professor, Marketing and
Miller_Dale@GSB.Stanford.edu Assistant Professor Senior Lecturer, Management pamela.goldberg@tufts.edu Entrepreneurship
STATE UNIVERSITY
tl.hill@temple.edu and Human Resources rick.wolk@uas.alaska.edu
James Patell OF NEW YORK Nancy Wilson
tansky_1@fisher.osu.edu
Herbert Hoover Professor, Public ALBANY, NY Director and Associate Dean,
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
and Private Management; Jonathan M. Tisch College of
Sarfraz Mian COLLEGE STATION, TX THUNDERBIRD TUCSON, AZ
Co-director, Product Professor, Business Administration;
Citizenship and Public Service
SCHOOL OF GLOBAL Matthew Mars
Realization Network Chair, Marketing and Management Brett Anitra Gilbert nancy.wilson@tufts.edu
patell_james@gsb.stanford.edu Assistant Professor MANAGEMENT Lecturer and Researcher
Department; Professor Strategic Kristen Zecchi
bagilbert@mays.tamu.edu GLENDALE, AZ mmars@eller.arizona.edu
Management and Entrepreneurship,
Liz Peintner The Fletcher School Associate
sarfraz.mian@oswego.edu Amanda Bollough, Ph.D.
Assistant Director, Public Director, Admissions and UNIVERSITY OF
TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Assistant Professor,
Management Program, Center for Financial Aid BALTIMORE
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LUBBOCK, TX Entrepreneurship
Social Innovation Kristen.Zecchi@tufts.edu
SYRACUSE, NY amanda.bullough@ BALTIMORE, MD
peintner_liz@gsb.stanford.edu Dr. Jeremy Short
Associate Professor thunderbird.edu J. Howard Kucher
Shoko Kato TULANE UNIVERSITY
James Phills, Jr. Jeremy.short@ttu.edu Executive Director,
Ph.D. Candidate Michael Finney Stephanie Barksdale
Claude N. Rosenberg Jr. Director, Entrepreneurship Program
skato@syr.edu Clinical Associate Special Assistant to President
Center for Social Innovation THE NEW SCHOOL jkucher@ubalt.edu
Professor, Management Cowen, Social
phills_james@gsb.stanford.edu Bruce Kingma NEW YORK, NY michael.finney@thunderbird.edu Entrepreneurship Initiatives
Associate Provost, UNIVERSITY
Erica Plambeck Dennis Derryck sbark@tulane.edu
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Mike Low OF CALIFORNIA,
Walter Kenneth Kilpatrick Professor of Professional Practice,
brkingma@syr.edu Director, Employer Rebecca Otten BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA
Professor, Operations, Non-Profit Management Relations, School Program Assistant, Social
Information, and Technology Tom Lumpkin derryckd@newschool.edu Mike Bishop
of Global Management Entrepreneurship Initiatives
elp@stanford.edu Professor; Chris J. Witting Chair, Assistant Director, Cal Corps
Michele Kahane mike.low@thunderbird.edu rotten@tulane.edu
Entrepreneurship Public Service Center
Jesper B. Sørensen Professor of Professional Practice,
lumpkin@syr.edu Charles Reeves Carol Whelan bishop@berkeley.edu
Robert A. and Elizabeth Social Entrepreneurship Program Manager, Thunderbird Professor of Practice,
R. Jeffe Professor, Minet Schindehutte kahanem@newschool.edu John Danner
Emerging Markets Laboratory Teacher Certification Program
Organizational Behavior Associate Professor, Senior Fellow;
Anna Rabinowicz oc7sib11@yahoo.com cwhelan@tulane.edu
sorensen@stanford.edu Entrepreneurship The Lester Center for
mschinde@syr.edu Associate Professor,
Sarah Soule TRINITY INTERNATIONAL Entrepreneurship and
Product Design UNITY COLLEGE
Morgridge Professor, UNIVERSITY Innovation Lecturer
TEMPLE UNIVERSITY rabinowa@newschool.edu UNITY, ME
Organizational Behavior; DEERFIELD, IL
danner@haas.berkeley.edu
PHILADELPHIA, PA Jennifer Olin
Professor, Sociology THE OHIO STATE Martha Saavedra
Michael T. Cooper Community-Based
soule@stanford.edu Linda Gloss UNIVERSITY Associate Director,
Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Ph.D., Associate Professor, Learning Coordinator
Allen Thayer COLUMBUS, OH Religion and Contemporary Center for African Studies
Co-Founder, Institute Jolin@unity.edu
Assistant Director, Public Culture; Director, Master of Arts martha@berkeley.edu
for Social Innovation Geoffrey Kistruck
Management Program, linda.gloss@temple.edu Assistant Professor in Communication and Culture UNIVERSITY AT ALBANY, George Scharffenberger
Center for Social Innovation kistruck_1@fisher.osu.edu mcooper@tiu.edu STATE UNIVERSITY Special Advisor for International
thayer_allen@gsb.stanford.edu Jeffrey Gloss OF NEW YORK Development Policy and Practice
Social Entrepreneur-In-Residence; Stephanie Moulton
Jane Wei-Skillern ALBANY, NY gscharffenberger@berkeley.edu
Co-Founder, Institute for Social Assistant Professor,
Lecturer, Organizational Behavior Innovation, jeffrey.gloss@temple.edu John Glenn School Paul Miesing
of Public Affairs Associate Professor
moulton.23@osu.edu paul.miesing@albany.edu
NORTH AMERICA
UNIVERSITY OF Francy Milner UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI Buck Goldstein

CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Associate Director, HOUSTON–VICTORIA OF MARYLAND CORAL GABLES, FL University Entrepreneur in
DAVIS, CA Center for Education VICTORIA, TX COLLEGE PARK, MD Residence; Professor of the
William Green
on Social Responsibility Practice, buck_goldstein@unc.edu
Cleveland Justis James N. Holm Vivian Armor Senior Vice Provost and Dean,
francy.milner@colorado.edu
Lecturer, Graduate Assistant Professor, Nonprofit Director, Alex Brown Undergraduate Education Dr. James H. Johnson, Jr
School of Management Alison Peters Leadership and Communication Center for Entrepreneurship wgreen@miami.edu Director, Urban Investment
ctjustis@ucdavis.edu Managing Director, Deming holmj@uhv.edu armor@umbc.edu Strategies Center; William R.
Center for Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY Kenan Jr. Distinguished Professor,
Melissa Carrier
UNIVERSITY OF alison.peters@colorado.edu UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS OF MICHIGAN Strategy and Entrepreneurship
Executive Director, Center
CALIFORNIA, AT CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL ANN ARBOR, MI jim_johnson@unc.edu
for Social Value Creation
LOS ANGELES UNIVERSITY OF Maija Renko Mike Gordon
mcarrier@rhsmith.umd.edu Dr. Lisa Jones Christensen
LOS ANGELES, CA COLORADO AT DENVER Assistant Professor, maija@uic.edu Arthur F. Thurnau Professor Assistant Professor, Strategy
DENVER, CO Deborah Gioia and Chair, Business
Alfred Osborne Jr. and Entrepreneurship
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Associate Professor, Information Technology
Co-Director, Institute for the Study Tiffany Espinosa jonesl@kenan-flagler.unc.edu
AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN School of Social Work mdgordon@umich.edu
of Educational Entrepreneurship; Lecturer, Social Entrepreneurship
dgioia@ssw.umaryland.edu Dr. Carol A. Seagle
Founder and faculty director, tiffany.espinosa@cudenver.edu URBANA, IL
Kelly Janiga Director, Research, Center for
Harold Price Center for Annie R. Abbott Robert Grimm Research Manager, Sustainable Enterprise; Adjunct
Entrepreneurial Studies UNIVERSITY OF Associate Professor Professor; Director, Social Enterprise Professor, Strategy and
al.osborne@anderson.ucla.edu CONNECTICUT arabbott@illinois.edu Philanthropy and Nonprofit janigak@umich.edu Entrepreneurship
MANSFIELD, CT Management Program
UNIVERSITY OF Madhu Viswanathan Moses Lee Carol_Seagle@unc.edu
Roy E. Pietro rgrimm@umd.edu
CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ Professor, Business Administration Entrepreneurship Academic Dr. Albert H. Segars
Executive Director, Academic Jim Sanders
SANTA CRUZ, CA mviswana@illinois.edu Program Manager Faculty Director, Center for
Partnerships and Special Programs Adjunct Professor, moseslee@umich.edu Sustainable Enterprise; RBC Bank
James Davis roy.pietro@uconn.edu Liora Bresler, PhD Entrepreneurship
Professor, Engineering Professor, College of Education, Distinguished Professor, and Chair
JSanders@rhsmith.umd.edu UNIVERSITY
davis@cs.ucsc.edu UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Curriculum and Instruction of Strategy and Entrepreneurship
Joseph B. Scholten OF MINNESOTA Al_Segars@kenan-flagler.unc.edu
DENVER, CO liora@illinois.edu
UNIVERSITY OF Associate Director, UM Institute MINNEAPOLIS, MN
Vijaya Narapareddy John Stewart
COLORADO AT BOULDER UNIVERSITY OF IOWA for International Programs Melissa M. Stone Ph.D.
Associate Professor Professor, Economics; Director,
BOULDER, CO IOWA CITY, IA scholten@umd.edu Gross Family Professor,
vnarapar@du.edu Entrepreneurship Minor
Joe Sulentic
Nonprofit Management john_stewart@unc.edu
Bernard Amadei UNIVERSITY OF
Lecturer, joseph-sulentic@uiowa.edu
stone039@umn.edu
Professor, Civil Engineering UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MASSACHUSETTS Jessica Thomas
amadei@colorado.edu GAINESVILLE, FL AMHERST Managing Director, Center
UNIVERSITY OF
UNIVERSITY OF
Barry Bialek Kristin E. Joos, Ph.D. AMHEST, MA NORTH CAROLINA for Sustainable Enterprise
LOUISVILLE
Adjunct Associate Professor, Director, Young Entrepreneurs AT CHAPEL HILL jessica_thomas@unc.edu
LOUISVILLE, KY Christopher Meyer
College of Engineering for Leadership and Sustainability Doctoral Candidate CHAPEL HILL, NC Ted Zoller
Barrybialek@comcast.net Summer Program for High Jason D’Mello
chrisrmeyer@mac.com Kelly Boone Executive Director, Center for
School Students Ph.D. Candidate
Susan Clarke Director, Business Entrepreneurial Studies; Assistant
kristin.joos@warrington.ufl.edu dmelloja@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF
Professor, Political Science Engagement, Center for Professor, Entrepreneurship
clarkes@colorado.edu MASSACHUSETTS Sustainable Enterprise zoller@unc.edu
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON UNIVERSITY OF MAINE
LOWELL, LOWELL, MA Kelly_Boone@unc.edu
Matt Jelacic HOUSTON, TX AT FARMINGTON
Assistant Professor, Architecture FARMINGTON, ME Sarah Kuhn Dr. Micah Gilmer
Saleha B. Khumawala
mjelacic@mac.com Lead Instigator, Laboratory of UNC Social Entrepreneur
Ph.D., CPA, Director, Center for Frank Engert
Interdisciplinary Design in Residence
Microfinance, saleha@uh.edu Professor, Business Sarah_Kuhn@uml.edu gilmer@email.unc.edu
engert@maine.edu
NORTH AMERICA
UNIVERSITY OF Francy Milner UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI Buck Goldstein

CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Associate Director, HOUSTON–VICTORIA OF MARYLAND CORAL GABLES, FL University Entrepreneur in
DAVIS, CA Center for Education VICTORIA, TX COLLEGE PARK, MD Residence; Professor of the
William Green
on Social Responsibility Practice, buck_goldstein@unc.edu
Cleveland Justis James N. Holm Vivian Armor Senior Vice Provost and Dean,
francy.milner@colorado.edu
Lecturer, Graduate Assistant Professor, Nonprofit Director, Alex Brown Undergraduate Education Dr. James H. Johnson, Jr
School of Management Alison Peters Leadership and Communication Center for Entrepreneurship wgreen@miami.edu Director, Urban Investment
ctjustis@ucdavis.edu Managing Director, Deming holmj@uhv.edu armor@umbc.edu Strategies Center; William R.
Center for Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY Kenan Jr. Distinguished Professor,
Melissa Carrier
UNIVERSITY OF alison.peters@colorado.edu UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS OF MICHIGAN Strategy and Entrepreneurship
Executive Director, Center
CALIFORNIA, AT CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL ANN ARBOR, MI jim_johnson@unc.edu
for Social Value Creation
LOS ANGELES UNIVERSITY OF Maija Renko Mike Gordon
mcarrier@rhsmith.umd.edu Dr. Lisa Jones Christensen
LOS ANGELES, CA COLORADO AT DENVER Assistant Professor, maija@uic.edu Arthur F. Thurnau Professor Assistant Professor, Strategy
DENVER, CO Deborah Gioia and Chair, Business
Alfred Osborne Jr. and Entrepreneurship
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Associate Professor, Information Technology
Co-Director, Institute for the Study Tiffany Espinosa jonesl@kenan-flagler.unc.edu
AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN School of Social Work mdgordon@umich.edu
of Educational Entrepreneurship; Lecturer, Social Entrepreneurship
dgioia@ssw.umaryland.edu Dr. Carol A. Seagle
Founder and faculty director, tiffany.espinosa@cudenver.edu URBANA, IL
Kelly Janiga Director, Research, Center for
Harold Price Center for Annie R. Abbott Robert Grimm Research Manager, Sustainable Enterprise; Adjunct
Entrepreneurial Studies UNIVERSITY OF Associate Professor Professor; Director, Social Enterprise Professor, Strategy and
al.osborne@anderson.ucla.edu CONNECTICUT arabbott@illinois.edu Philanthropy and Nonprofit janigak@umich.edu Entrepreneurship
MANSFIELD, CT Management Program
UNIVERSITY OF Madhu Viswanathan Moses Lee Carol_Seagle@unc.edu
Roy E. Pietro rgrimm@umd.edu
CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ Professor, Business Administration Entrepreneurship Academic Dr. Albert H. Segars
Executive Director, Academic Jim Sanders
SANTA CRUZ, CA mviswana@illinois.edu Program Manager Faculty Director, Center for
Partnerships and Special Programs Adjunct Professor, moseslee@umich.edu Sustainable Enterprise; RBC Bank
James Davis roy.pietro@uconn.edu Liora Bresler, PhD Entrepreneurship
Professor, Engineering Professor, College of Education, Distinguished Professor, and Chair
JSanders@rhsmith.umd.edu UNIVERSITY
davis@cs.ucsc.edu UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Curriculum and Instruction of Strategy and Entrepreneurship
Joseph B. Scholten OF MINNESOTA Al_Segars@kenan-flagler.unc.edu
DENVER, CO liora@illinois.edu
UNIVERSITY OF Associate Director, UM Institute MINNEAPOLIS, MN
Vijaya Narapareddy John Stewart
COLORADO AT BOULDER UNIVERSITY OF IOWA for International Programs Melissa M. Stone Ph.D.
Associate Professor Professor, Economics; Director,
BOULDER, CO IOWA CITY, IA scholten@umd.edu Gross Family Professor,
vnarapar@du.edu Entrepreneurship Minor
Joe Sulentic
Nonprofit Management john_stewart@unc.edu
Bernard Amadei UNIVERSITY OF
Lecturer, joseph-sulentic@uiowa.edu
stone039@umn.edu
Professor, Civil Engineering UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA MASSACHUSETTS Jessica Thomas
amadei@colorado.edu GAINESVILLE, FL AMHERST Managing Director, Center
UNIVERSITY OF
UNIVERSITY OF
Barry Bialek Kristin E. Joos, Ph.D. AMHEST, MA NORTH CAROLINA for Sustainable Enterprise
LOUISVILLE
Adjunct Associate Professor, Director, Young Entrepreneurs AT CHAPEL HILL jessica_thomas@unc.edu
LOUISVILLE, KY Christopher Meyer
College of Engineering for Leadership and Sustainability Doctoral Candidate CHAPEL HILL, NC Ted Zoller
Barrybialek@comcast.net Summer Program for High Jason D’Mello
chrisrmeyer@mac.com Kelly Boone Executive Director, Center for
School Students Ph.D. Candidate
Susan Clarke Director, Business Entrepreneurial Studies; Assistant
kristin.joos@warrington.ufl.edu dmelloja@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF
Professor, Political Science Engagement, Center for Professor, Entrepreneurship
clarkes@colorado.edu MASSACHUSETTS Sustainable Enterprise zoller@unc.edu
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON UNIVERSITY OF MAINE
LOWELL, LOWELL, MA Kelly_Boone@unc.edu
Matt Jelacic HOUSTON, TX AT FARMINGTON
Assistant Professor, Architecture FARMINGTON, ME Sarah Kuhn Dr. Micah Gilmer
Saleha B. Khumawala
mjelacic@mac.com Lead Instigator, Laboratory of UNC Social Entrepreneur
Ph.D., CPA, Director, Center for Frank Engert
Interdisciplinary Design in Residence
Microfinance, saleha@uh.edu Professor, Business Sarah_Kuhn@uml.edu gilmer@email.unc.edu
engert@maine.edu
NORTH AMERICA
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO UNIVERSITY OF WINDSOR
CAROLINA AT OTTAWA, OF SAN DIEGO TEXAS AT AUSTIN TORONTO, ONTARIO, WINDSOR, ONTARIO,
GREENSBORO ONTARIO, CANADA SAN DIEGO, CA AUSTIN, TX CANADA CANADA
GREENSBORO, NC Margaret Dalziel Nadia Auch Heather Alden Ann Armstrong Francine Schlosser
Dianne Welsh Associate Professor Assistant Director, Center for Senior Program Coordinator, Director, Social Enterprise Associate Professor,
Executive Director, North dalziel@telfer.uottawa.ca Peace and Commerce Social Innovation Competition Initiative Odette School of Business
Carolina Entrepreneurship Center; nauch@sandiego.ed heather.alden@mail.utexas.edu armstron@rotman.utoronto.ca fschloss@uwindsor.ca
Hayes Distinguished Professor, UNIVERSITY
Ronald Kaufmann Peter Frumkin Becky Reuber
Entrepreneurship OF PENNSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY WESTERN
Associate Professor, Marine Director, RGK Center Professor
dhwelsh@uncg.edu PHILADELPHIA, PA ONTARIO, LONDON,
Science and Environmental Studies for Philanthropy and reuber@rotman.utoronto.ca
Ian MacMillan ONTARIO, CANADA
kaufmann@sandiego.edu Community Service
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH
Academic Director, frumkin@mail.utexas.edu UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA Brian Kelleher Richter
TEXAS, DENTON, TX The Wharton School Patricia Marquez Associate Professor, Business,
VICTORIA, BRITISH
Tony Mendes macmilli@wharton.upenn.edu Associate Professor, Management Benjamin Sasse Economics and Public Policy
COLUMBIA, CANADA
Director, Murphy Center pmarquez@sandiego.edu Assistant Professor, brichter@ivey.uwo.ca
Public Affairs Ana Maria Peredo
for Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY Christopher Nayve
sasse@mail.utexas.edu Associate Professor, Sustainable
amendes@uiuc.edu OF PHOENIX, Director, Center for Community VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Entrepreneurship and International
COLORADO CAMPUS Service Learning NASHVILLE, TN
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS Business; Director, BC Institute for
UNIVERSITY LONE TREE, CO cnayve@sandiego.edu
AT SAN ANTONIO Co-Operative Studies (BCICS), Dr. Edward Fischer
OF NOTRE DAME Professor, Anthropology; Director,
Doug Gilbert Julie Sullivan SAN ANTONIO, TX aperedo@uvic.ca
NOTRE DAME, IN Center for Latin American Studies
Chair, Graduate Business Executive Vice President Anita Leffel at Vanderbilt University
Rachel Farrell doug.gilbert@phoenix.edu and Provost UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
Program Manager, Social Assistant Director, Department Of edward.f.fischer@vanderbilt.edu
jhs@sandiego.edu CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY
Management; Founder and Faculty
advisor, Toastmasters Andrea Larson Matthew Grimes
Rachel.L.Farrell.46@nd.edu OF PORTLAND UNIVERSITY OF
and the Collegiate Associate Professor, Doctoral Student
PORTLAND, OR SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Matt.Grimes@owen.vanderbilt.edu
Melissa Paulson Entrepreneurs’ Organization Business Administration
Program Manager, Howard Feldman LOS ANGELES, CA anita.leffel@utsa.edu larsona@darden.virginia.edu
Bart Victor
Concurrent Instructor Executive Director, Nonprofit Siddharth Ramakrishnan Mary Ann Leeper Cal Turner Professor,
paulson.5@ndedu Management Programs Senior Consultant, Los Angeles UNIVERSITY
Visiting Professor, Moral Leadership
feldman@up.edu Community Impact OF THE PACIFIC
Business Administration bart.victor@owen.vanderbilt.edu
UNIVERSITY OF sramakri@usc.edu STOCKTON, CA
Laura Steffen LeeperM@darden.virginia.edu
OKLAHOMA, NORMAN, OK
Coordinator, Sustainable Varun Soni Jerry Hildebrand VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY
Lowell Busenitz Saras D. Sarasvathy
Entrepreneurship Dean, Religious Life Executive Director, Global Center VILLANOVA, PA
Professor Associate Professor,
steffen@up.edu varun.soni@usc.edu for Social Entrepreneurship Kevin Clark
Busenitz@ou.edu Business Administration
jhildebrand@pacific.ed Senior Associate Dean
Adlai Wertman sarasvathys@darden.virginia.edu
UNIVERSITY
Professor, Clinical Management Spencer Ton kevin.d.clark@villanova.edu
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON OF REGINA
EUGENE, OR and Organization Program Manager, Global Center UNIVERSITY
Scott Newbert
REGINA,
awertman@marshall.usc.edu for Social Entrepreneurship OF WASHINGTON Associate Professor
Lola Broomberg SASKATCHEWAN,
ston@pacific.edu SEATTLE, WA scott.newbert@villanova.edu
M.S N.CC CANADA
UNIVERSITY Connie Bourassa-Shaw
Instructor Robert Anderson John A. Pearce II
OF TAMPA Director, Center for Innovation
lola@uoregon.edu Professor, Entrepreneurship VSB Endowed Chair, Strategic
TAMPA, FL and Entrepreneurship
and Management Accounting Management and Entrepreneurship;
Susan D. Steiner, cbshaw@u.washington.edu
robert.anderson@uregina.ca Professor, Management
Ph.D., CPA Suresh Kotha john.pearce@villanova.edu
Associate Professor and Chair Chair, Entrepreneurship; Faculty
ssteiner@ut.edu Director, Center for Innovation
and Entrepreneurship
skotha@u.washington.edu
NORTH AMERICA
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO UNIVERSITY OF WINDSOR
CAROLINA AT OTTAWA, OF SAN DIEGO TEXAS AT AUSTIN TORONTO, ONTARIO, WINDSOR, ONTARIO,
GREENSBORO ONTARIO, CANADA SAN DIEGO, CA AUSTIN, TX CANADA CANADA
GREENSBORO, NC Margaret Dalziel Nadia Auch Heather Alden Ann Armstrong Francine Schlosser
Dianne Welsh Associate Professor Assistant Director, Center for Senior Program Coordinator, Director, Social Enterprise Associate Professor,
Executive Director, North dalziel@telfer.uottawa.ca Peace and Commerce Social Innovation Competition Initiative Odette School of Business
Carolina Entrepreneurship Center; nauch@sandiego.ed heather.alden@mail.utexas.edu armstron@rotman.utoronto.ca fschloss@uwindsor.ca
Hayes Distinguished Professor, UNIVERSITY
Ronald Kaufmann Peter Frumkin Becky Reuber
Entrepreneurship OF PENNSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY WESTERN
Associate Professor, Marine Director, RGK Center Professor
dhwelsh@uncg.edu PHILADELPHIA, PA ONTARIO, LONDON,
Science and Environmental Studies for Philanthropy and reuber@rotman.utoronto.ca
Ian MacMillan ONTARIO, CANADA
kaufmann@sandiego.edu Community Service
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH
Academic Director, frumkin@mail.utexas.edu UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA Brian Kelleher Richter
TEXAS, DENTON, TX The Wharton School Patricia Marquez Associate Professor, Business,
VICTORIA, BRITISH
Tony Mendes macmilli@wharton.upenn.edu Associate Professor, Management Benjamin Sasse Economics and Public Policy
COLUMBIA, CANADA
Director, Murphy Center pmarquez@sandiego.edu Assistant Professor, brichter@ivey.uwo.ca
Public Affairs Ana Maria Peredo
for Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY Christopher Nayve
sasse@mail.utexas.edu Associate Professor, Sustainable
amendes@uiuc.edu OF PHOENIX, Director, Center for Community VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Entrepreneurship and International
COLORADO CAMPUS Service Learning NASHVILLE, TN
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS Business; Director, BC Institute for
UNIVERSITY LONE TREE, CO cnayve@sandiego.edu
AT SAN ANTONIO Co-Operative Studies (BCICS), Dr. Edward Fischer
OF NOTRE DAME Professor, Anthropology; Director,
Doug Gilbert Julie Sullivan SAN ANTONIO, TX aperedo@uvic.ca
NOTRE DAME, IN Center for Latin American Studies
Chair, Graduate Business Executive Vice President Anita Leffel at Vanderbilt University
Rachel Farrell doug.gilbert@phoenix.edu and Provost UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
Program Manager, Social Assistant Director, Department Of edward.f.fischer@vanderbilt.edu
jhs@sandiego.edu CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
Entrepreneurship UNIVERSITY
Management; Founder and Faculty
advisor, Toastmasters Andrea Larson Matthew Grimes
Rachel.L.Farrell.46@nd.edu OF PORTLAND UNIVERSITY OF
and the Collegiate Associate Professor, Doctoral Student
PORTLAND, OR SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Matt.Grimes@owen.vanderbilt.edu
Melissa Paulson Entrepreneurs’ Organization Business Administration
Program Manager, Howard Feldman LOS ANGELES, CA anita.leffel@utsa.edu larsona@darden.virginia.edu
Bart Victor
Concurrent Instructor Executive Director, Nonprofit Siddharth Ramakrishnan Mary Ann Leeper Cal Turner Professor,
paulson.5@ndedu Management Programs Senior Consultant, Los Angeles UNIVERSITY
Visiting Professor, Moral Leadership
feldman@up.edu Community Impact OF THE PACIFIC
Business Administration bart.victor@owen.vanderbilt.edu
UNIVERSITY OF sramakri@usc.edu STOCKTON, CA
Laura Steffen LeeperM@darden.virginia.edu
OKLAHOMA, NORMAN, OK
Coordinator, Sustainable Varun Soni Jerry Hildebrand VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY
Lowell Busenitz Saras D. Sarasvathy
Entrepreneurship Dean, Religious Life Executive Director, Global Center VILLANOVA, PA
Professor Associate Professor,
steffen@up.edu varun.soni@usc.edu for Social Entrepreneurship Kevin Clark
Busenitz@ou.edu Business Administration
jhildebrand@pacific.ed Senior Associate Dean
Adlai Wertman sarasvathys@darden.virginia.edu
UNIVERSITY
Professor, Clinical Management Spencer Ton kevin.d.clark@villanova.edu
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON OF REGINA
EUGENE, OR and Organization Program Manager, Global Center UNIVERSITY
Scott Newbert
REGINA,
awertman@marshall.usc.edu for Social Entrepreneurship OF WASHINGTON Associate Professor
Lola Broomberg SASKATCHEWAN,
ston@pacific.edu SEATTLE, WA scott.newbert@villanova.edu
M.S N.CC CANADA
UNIVERSITY Connie Bourassa-Shaw
Instructor Robert Anderson John A. Pearce II
OF TAMPA Director, Center for Innovation
lola@uoregon.edu Professor, Entrepreneurship VSB Endowed Chair, Strategic
TAMPA, FL and Entrepreneurship
and Management Accounting Management and Entrepreneurship;
Susan D. Steiner, cbshaw@u.washington.edu
robert.anderson@uregina.ca Professor, Management
Ph.D., CPA Suresh Kotha john.pearce@villanova.edu
Associate Professor and Chair Chair, Entrepreneurship; Faculty
ssteiner@ut.edu Director, Center for Innovation
and Entrepreneurship
skotha@u.washington.edu
NORTH AMERICA
VIRGINIA TECH WESTERN WASHINGTON D. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ASIA

BLACKSBURG, VA UNIVERSITY Marie Lisa Dacanay, Ateneo De Manila University
Angela Eikenberry BELLINGHAM, WA
Assistant Professor, Center for Brian Burton EVOLVING TRADITIONS IN VARIOUS CONTEXTS
Public Administration and Policy Dean, College of Asia is home to 2/3 of the world’s poorest people. While this is rooted in a colonial past and an inequitable
aeik@vt.edu Business and Economics global economic order, it is also spawned by the failure of state and market institutions to move people out of
Brian.Burton@wwu.edu poverty in the region’s underdeveloped economies. This context has driven the development of wealth creating
WAKE FOREST organizations dedicated to serving and transforming Asia’s poor. This tradition of social enterprises abounds
Joseph Garcia in South and Southeast Asian countries, among them in Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, and
UNIVERSITY
Bowman Distinguished Thailand. The relatively developed civil society sectors and social movements in these countries are the main
WINSTON-SALEM, NC
Professor, Leadership Studies; force dynamizing the growth of these social enterprises. They include fair trade organizations, microfinance
Elizabeth Gatewood Director, Karen W. Morse institutions, cooperatives and other social mission-driven enterprises of various forms and sizes, serving the
Director, NSF Partners for Institute for Leadership poor as their primary stakeholders.
Innovation, gatewoej@wfu.edu joseph.garcia@wwu.edu
Jeanne Simonelli On the other hand, amidst rising unemployment, social enterprises that provide jobs to excluded and
YALE UNIVERSITY marginalized people are the dominant tradition in the developed market economies of East Asia, such as South
Professor, Anthropology
simonejm@wfu.edu NEW HAVEN, CT Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong. Here, state legislation, government agencies and programs have driven the
James Boyle growth of these work-integration social enterprises. The first Social Enterprise Promotion Law was instituted
Cyndi Skaar in South Korea in 2006 and implemented in 2007 (Work Together Foundation, 2008).
Director, Yale
Professor, Calloway School of
Entrepreneurial Institute
Business, skaarcj@wfu.edu In socialist economies that have adopted market principles, such as China, social entrepreneurs from various
james.g.boyle.yale.edu
walks of life have become important actors in undertaking innovative and sustainable solutions to social and
WASHINGTON Sharon Oster environmental problems. With a weak civil society or third sector, social entrepreneurs are seen as sparks in an
UNIVERSITY IN SAINT Frederic D. Wolfe emerging social entrepreneurship movement towards the elimination or mitigation of inequality (Fan & Tse, 2010).
LOUIS, ST. LOUIS, MO Professor, Management and
Clifford Holekamp PERSPECTIVES FROM CROSS COUNTRY ACTION RESEARCH
Program on Social Enterprise
Senior Lecturer, Entrepreneurship The earliest literature on social entrepreneurship in the region appeared in the Philippines in 1994. A group of
sharon.oster@yale.edu
holekampc@wustl.edu professors and researchers from the Asian Institute of Management (AIM) authored a book, mainly drawing
from case research in the Philippines and India, entitled Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development
Barbara Levin YORK UNIVERSITY
(Morato, 1994). Ten years later, another book, Creating a Space in the Market: Social Enterprise Stories in Asia
Alliance for Building Capacity, TORONTO, ONTARIO,
was co-published by AIM and the Conference of Asian Foundations and Organizations (CAFO), drawing from
George Warren School for Social CANADA case research from the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia and India.
Work, blevin@wustl.edu
Darryl Reed
Marlene Levine Associate Professor Social entrepreneurship is seen as a conceptual framework for creating spaces in markets for pursuing equitable
Adjunct Professor dreed@yorku.ca and sustainable development. Social enterprises are differentiated from private enterprises in terms of their
MLevine22@wustl.edu serving the poor or marginalized as primary stakeholders; their pursuit of multiple bottom lines; and their
distributive enterprise philosophy (Dacanay, 2004)
R. Keith Sawyer
Associate Professor, Education The ensuing dialogue among CAFO members spread in nine countries, defined 4 social enterprise models:
ksawyer@wustl.edu social inclusion, empowerment, intermediation and resource mobilization models (Dacanay, 2009). These
Thomas Stehl four models were differentiated according to the objectives and nature of services, and the role and level of
Adjunct Professor, participation of the poor or marginalized sectors in the social enterprise system.
Social Entrepreneurship
tstehl@wustl.edu INFLUENCES FROM OTHER CONTINENTS
The various schools of thought emanating from the US and Europe found their way into the emerging
discourse on social entrepreneurship in Asia. Civil society organizations facing financial sustainability issues
found the earned income school relevant. The social innovation school has had its most profound influence in
countries where civil society is weak. The social and solidarity economy schools have enriched the discourse
about social enterprises as multi-stakeholder organizations engaged in building a plural economy governed
not only by market principles but also by reciprocity and redistribution.
NORTH AMERICA
VIRGINIA TECH WESTERN WASHINGTON D. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ASIA

BLACKSBURG, VA UNIVERSITY Marie Lisa Dacanay, Ateneo De Manila University
Angela Eikenberry BELLINGHAM, WA
Assistant Professor, Center for Brian Burton EVOLVING TRADITIONS IN VARIOUS CONTEXTS
Public Administration and Policy Dean, College of Asia is home to 2/3 of the world’s poorest people. While this is rooted in a colonial past and an inequitable
aeik@vt.edu Business and Economics global economic order, it is also spawned by the failure of state and market institutions to move people out of
Brian.Burton@wwu.edu poverty in the region’s underdeveloped economies. This context has driven the development of wealth creating
WAKE FOREST organizations dedicated to serving and transforming Asia’s poor. This tradition of social enterprises abounds
Joseph Garcia in South and Southeast Asian countries, among them in Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, and
UNIVERSITY
Bowman Distinguished Thailand. The relatively developed civil society sectors and social movements in these countries are the main
WINSTON-SALEM, NC
Professor, Leadership Studies; force dynamizing the growth of these social enterprises. They include fair trade organizations, microfinance
Elizabeth Gatewood Director, Karen W. Morse institutions, cooperatives and other social mission-driven enterprises of various forms and sizes, serving the
Director, NSF Partners for Institute for Leadership poor as their primary stakeholders.
Innovation, gatewoej@wfu.edu joseph.garcia@wwu.edu
Jeanne Simonelli On the other hand, amidst rising unemployment, social enterprises that provide jobs to excluded and
YALE UNIVERSITY marginalized people are the dominant tradition in the developed market economies of East Asia, such as South
Professor, Anthropology
simonejm@wfu.edu NEW HAVEN, CT Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong. Here, state legislation, government agencies and programs have driven the
James Boyle growth of these work-integration social enterprises. The first Social Enterprise Promotion Law was instituted
Cyndi Skaar in South Korea in 2006 and implemented in 2007 (Work Together Foundation, 2008).
Director, Yale
Professor, Calloway School of
Entrepreneurial Institute
Business, skaarcj@wfu.edu In socialist economies that have adopted market principles, such as China, social entrepreneurs from various
james.g.boyle.yale.edu
walks of life have become important actors in undertaking innovative and sustainable solutions to social and
WASHINGTON Sharon Oster environmental problems. With a weak civil society or third sector, social entrepreneurs are seen as sparks in an
UNIVERSITY IN SAINT Frederic D. Wolfe emerging social entrepreneurship movement towards the elimination or mitigation of inequality (Fan & Tse, 2010).
LOUIS, ST. LOUIS, MO Professor, Management and
Clifford Holekamp PERSPECTIVES FROM CROSS COUNTRY ACTION RESEARCH
Program on Social Enterprise
Senior Lecturer, Entrepreneurship The earliest literature on social entrepreneurship in the region appeared in the Philippines in 1994. A group of
sharon.oster@yale.edu
holekampc@wustl.edu professors and researchers from the Asian Institute of Management (AIM) authored a book, mainly drawing
from case research in the Philippines and India, entitled Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development
Barbara Levin YORK UNIVERSITY
(Morato, 1994). Ten years later, another book, Creating a Space in the Market: Social Enterprise Stories in Asia
Alliance for Building Capacity, TORONTO, ONTARIO,
was co-published by AIM and the Conference of Asian Foundations and Organizations (CAFO), drawing from
George Warren School for Social CANADA case research from the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia and India.
Work, blevin@wustl.edu
Darryl Reed
Marlene Levine Associate Professor Social entrepreneurship is seen as a conceptual framework for creating spaces in markets for pursuing equitable
Adjunct Professor dreed@yorku.ca and sustainable development. Social enterprises are differentiated from private enterprises in terms of their
MLevine22@wustl.edu serving the poor or marginalized as primary stakeholders; their pursuit of multiple bottom lines; and their
distributive enterprise philosophy (Dacanay, 2004)
R. Keith Sawyer
Associate Professor, Education The ensuing dialogue among CAFO members spread in nine countries, defined 4 social enterprise models:
ksawyer@wustl.edu social inclusion, empowerment, intermediation and resource mobilization models (Dacanay, 2009). These
Thomas Stehl four models were differentiated according to the objectives and nature of services, and the role and level of
Adjunct Professor, participation of the poor or marginalized sectors in the social enterprise system.
Social Entrepreneurship
tstehl@wustl.edu INFLUENCES FROM OTHER CONTINENTS
The various schools of thought emanating from the US and Europe found their way into the emerging
discourse on social entrepreneurship in Asia. Civil society organizations facing financial sustainability issues
found the earned income school relevant. The social innovation school has had its most profound influence in
countries where civil society is weak. The social and solidarity economy schools have enriched the discourse
about social enterprises as multi-stakeholder organizations engaged in building a plural economy governed
not only by market principles but also by reciprocity and redistribution.
MULTILATERAL INITIATIVES FOR LEARNING AND DIALOGUE INDIAN INSTITUTE KEIO UNIVERSITY NATIONAL CHUNG CHENG
Initiatives for dialogue among practitioners and scholars across nine countries in Asia first happened during the OF MANAGEMENT TOKYO, JAPAN UNIVERSITY, CHIAYI
Asian Social Entrepreneurship Forum in Taiwan (2005) and the International Workshop on Social Entrepreneurship BANGALORE, INDIA Hide Inoue COUNTRY, TAIWAN
in Asia in Manila (2006). The initiators of these conferences have institutionalized a venue for building a social Abhishek Bhati Assistant Professor and Managing Yu-yuan Kuan
entrepreneurship learning community with the setting up of the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia (ISEA) Research Associate Director, Social Venture Center, Professor, Social Entrepreneurship
based in Manila in 2008. Also in 2008, an Asian Social Entrepreneurs Summit (ASES), envisioned every two bhati.nawab@gmail.com Entrepreneurial Training for kuan@sw.ccu.edu.tw
years, was organized in Seoul, South Korea. It brought together practitioners and resource institutions engaged in Innovative Communities (ETIC)
social entrepreneurship from eight countries in the region. An important sub-regional effort is the Greater China Mathew J. Manimala
hidetokyo@gmail.com NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
platform to create and sustain a civic movement of social entrepreneurship. This platform emerged in 2009 from the Professor, Organization Behavior
OF SINGAPORE
2008 Hong Kong Social Entrepreneurship Forum. Within countries, some universities like the National University and Chairperson-OBHRM Area LINGNAN UNIVERSITY SINGAPORE
of Singapore and the Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines) are jointly undertaking social entrepreneurship manimala@iimb.ernet.in
TUEN MUN, HONG KONG
research and curriculum development. Albert Chu-Ying Teo
Sourav Mukherji Chun Ni Jenny Chin Director, Centre for Social
REFERENCES Associate Professor Project Officer, cnchin@ln.edu.hk Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy;
souravm@iimb.ernet.in Associate Professor; Management
Dacanay, M.L., Ed (2004). Creating a Space in the Market: Social Enterprise Stories in Asia. Makati City: Asian Dr. Carol Hok Ka Ma and Organization
Institute of Management (AIM) and Conference of Asian Foundations and Organizations. Service Learning Coordinator
INDIAN INSTITUTE albertteo@nus.edu.sg
Dacanay, M.L. (2009). Social Entrepreneurship: An Asian Perspective in International Perspectives on Social OF TECHNOLOGY carolma@ln.edu.hk
Gabriel Henry Vincent Jaury
Entrepreneurship. Robinson, Mair and Hockerts (Ed). New York and Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. MADRAS, INDIA
MANAGEMENT Research Associate
Morato. E. (1994). Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development. Makati City: AIM Ashwin Mahalingam DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE bizhvj@nus.edu.sg
Assistant Professor, Civil GURGAON, INDIA
Fan, L, & Tse, K. K, (Eds.) (2010). A New Horizon: 10 Stories of Social Entrepreneurs in China. Swee Sum Lam
Engineering, mash@iitm.ac.in
Word 4 Communications Solutions. Avanish Kumar Associate Professor, Finance
Associate Professor, Public bizlamss@nus.edu.sg
Work Together Foundation (2008). The Social Enterprises in Korea, Presentation during the First Asian Social INDIAN INSTITUTE
Policy and Management
Entrepreneurs Summit, Seoul. OF TECHNOLOGY
avanish@mdi.ac.in NIRMA INSTITUTE
MUMBAI, INDIA
OF MANAGEMENT
ASIA R.K. Lagu MEIJI UNIVERSITY AHMEDABAD, INDIA
Director, Business Incubator TOKYO, JAPAN
C Gopalakrishnan
in the Kanwal Rekhi School of
ASIAN COLLEGE OF Tony La Vina HONG KONG Ichiro Tsukamoto Professor, Strategy and Management
Information Technology; Adjunct
JOURNALISM Dean, School of Government POLYTECHNIC Professor, Public Management gopalkrishnan@imnu.ac.in
Professor, Entrepreneurship
CHENNAI, INDIA alavinaa@aps.ateneo.edu UNIVERSITY, HUNG HOM, tsukamoi@kisc.meiji.ac.jp
and Finance, rklagu@ee.iitb.ac.in Rob Paton
Sashi Kumar HONG KONG Chair, Master of Public
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF MEIJI-GAKUIN
Chairman, sakumar@vsnl.com Israr Qureshi INDIAN INSTITUTE Administration, r.c.paton@open.ac.uk
TECHNOLOGY AND UNIVERSITY
Assistant Professor OF TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCE, PILANI, INDIA TOKYO, JAPAN
ATENEO DE msisrar@inet.polyu.edu.hk KHARAGPUR, INDIA TATA INSTITUTE
MANILA UNIVERSITY Motilal Dash Mariko Nishimura OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Dhrubes Biswas
QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES Assistant Professor, INDIAN INSTITUTE Professor, Public Policy MUMBAI, INDIA
Professor; Head, School of
Humanistic Studies Group OF MANAGEMENT mnishi@law.meijigakuin.ac.jp
Marie Lisa M. Dacanay Engineering Entrepreneurship Samapti Guha
dash@bits-pilani.ac.in AHMEDABAD, INDIA dbiswas@ece.iitkgp.ernet
Ph.D. Candidate Associate Professor
ldacanay@isea-group.net Anurag K. Agarwal NARSEE MONJEE samaptiguha@gmail.com
DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY INDIAN SCHOOL INSTITUTE OF
Faculty, akagarwal@iimahd.ernet.in
Harvey Keh MANILA, PHILIPPINES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT STUDIES Satyajit Majumdar
Director, Youth Leadership Junette Perez Anil Gupta MUMBAI, INDIA Professor
HYDERABAD, INDIA
and Social Entrepreneurship Associate Professor Kasturbhai Lalbhai Chair in satyajit_iper@hotmail.com
harveykeh@gmail.com Kavil Ramachandran Meena Galliara
perezja@dlsu.edu.ph Entrepreneurship
Clinical Professor, Entrepreneurship Chairperson, Social S Parasuraman
agupta@rhsmith.umd.edu
K_Ramachandran@isb.edu Enterprise Cell Director, Tata Institute of Social
M S Sriram galliara@nmims.edu Sciences, sparasuraman@tiss.edu
Adjunct Professor Subromania Sarma
mssriram@gmail.com Director, Entrepreneurship
Development
96 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK Subramonia_Sarma@isb.edu SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK 97
MULTILATERAL INITIATIVES FOR LEARNING AND DIALOGUE INDIAN INSTITUTE KEIO UNIVERSITY NATIONAL CHUNG CHENG
Initiatives for dialogue among practitioners and scholars across nine countries in Asia first happened during the OF MANAGEMENT TOKYO, JAPAN UNIVERSITY, CHIAYI
Asian Social Entrepreneurship Forum in Taiwan (2005) and the International Workshop on Social Entrepreneurship BANGALORE, INDIA Hide Inoue COUNTRY, TAIWAN
in Asia in Manila (2006). The initiators of these conferences have institutionalized a venue for building a social Abhishek Bhati Assistant Professor and Managing Yu-yuan Kuan
entrepreneurship learning community with the setting up of the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia (ISEA) Research Associate Director, Social Venture Center, Professor, Social Entrepreneurship
based in Manila in 2008. Also in 2008, an Asian Social Entrepreneurs Summit (ASES), envisioned every two bhati.nawab@gmail.com Entrepreneurial Training for kuan@sw.ccu.edu.tw
years, was organized in Seoul, South Korea. It brought together practitioners and resource institutions engaged in Innovative Communities (ETIC)
social entrepreneurship from eight countries in the region. An important sub-regional effort is the Greater China Mathew J. Manimala
hidetokyo@gmail.com NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
platform to create and sustain a civic movement of social entrepreneurship. This platform emerged in 2009 from the Professor, Organization Behavior
OF SINGAPORE
2008 Hong Kong Social Entrepreneurship Forum. Within countries, some universities like the National University and Chairperson-OBHRM Area LINGNAN UNIVERSITY SINGAPORE
of Singapore and the Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines) are jointly undertaking social entrepreneurship manimala@iimb.ernet.in
TUEN MUN, HONG KONG
research and curriculum development. Albert Chu-Ying Teo
Sourav Mukherji Chun Ni Jenny Chin Director, Centre for Social
REFERENCES Associate Professor Project Officer, cnchin@ln.edu.hk Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy;
souravm@iimb.ernet.in Associate Professor; Management
Dacanay, M.L., Ed (2004). Creating a Space in the Market: Social Enterprise Stories in Asia. Makati City: Asian Dr. Carol Hok Ka Ma and Organization
Institute of Management (AIM) and Conference of Asian Foundations and Organizations. Service Learning Coordinator
INDIAN INSTITUTE albertteo@nus.edu.sg
Dacanay, M.L. (2009). Social Entrepreneurship: An Asian Perspective in International Perspectives on Social OF TECHNOLOGY carolma@ln.edu.hk
Gabriel Henry Vincent Jaury
Entrepreneurship. Robinson, Mair and Hockerts (Ed). New York and Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. MADRAS, INDIA
MANAGEMENT Research Associate
Morato. E. (1994). Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development. Makati City: AIM Ashwin Mahalingam DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE bizhvj@nus.edu.sg
Assistant Professor, Civil GURGAON, INDIA
Fan, L, & Tse, K. K, (Eds.) (2010). A New Horizon: 10 Stories of Social Entrepreneurs in China. Swee Sum Lam
Engineering, mash@iitm.ac.in
Word 4 Communications Solutions. Avanish Kumar Associate Professor, Finance
Associate Professor, Public bizlamss@nus.edu.sg
Work Together Foundation (2008). The Social Enterprises in Korea, Presentation during the First Asian Social INDIAN INSTITUTE
Policy and Management
Entrepreneurs Summit, Seoul. OF TECHNOLOGY
avanish@mdi.ac.in NIRMA INSTITUTE
MUMBAI, INDIA
OF MANAGEMENT
ASIA R.K. Lagu MEIJI UNIVERSITY AHMEDABAD, INDIA
Director, Business Incubator TOKYO, JAPAN
C Gopalakrishnan
in the Kanwal Rekhi School of
ASIAN COLLEGE OF Tony La Vina HONG KONG Ichiro Tsukamoto Professor, Strategy and Management
Information Technology; Adjunct
JOURNALISM Dean, School of Government POLYTECHNIC Professor, Public Management gopalkrishnan@imnu.ac.in
Professor, Entrepreneurship
CHENNAI, INDIA alavinaa@aps.ateneo.edu UNIVERSITY, HUNG HOM, tsukamoi@kisc.meiji.ac.jp
and Finance, rklagu@ee.iitb.ac.in Rob Paton
Sashi Kumar HONG KONG Chair, Master of Public
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF MEIJI-GAKUIN
Chairman, sakumar@vsnl.com Israr Qureshi INDIAN INSTITUTE Administration, r.c.paton@open.ac.uk
TECHNOLOGY AND UNIVERSITY
Assistant Professor OF TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCE, PILANI, INDIA TOKYO, JAPAN
ATENEO DE msisrar@inet.polyu.edu.hk KHARAGPUR, INDIA TATA INSTITUTE
MANILA UNIVERSITY Motilal Dash Mariko Nishimura OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Dhrubes Biswas
QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES Assistant Professor, INDIAN INSTITUTE Professor, Public Policy MUMBAI, INDIA
Professor; Head, School of
Humanistic Studies Group OF MANAGEMENT mnishi@law.meijigakuin.ac.jp
Marie Lisa M. Dacanay Engineering Entrepreneurship Samapti Guha
dash@bits-pilani.ac.in AHMEDABAD, INDIA dbiswas@ece.iitkgp.ernet
Ph.D. Candidate Associate Professor
ldacanay@isea-group.net Anurag K. Agarwal NARSEE MONJEE samaptiguha@gmail.com
DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY INDIAN SCHOOL INSTITUTE OF
Faculty, akagarwal@iimahd.ernet.in
Harvey Keh MANILA, PHILIPPINES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT STUDIES Satyajit Majumdar
Director, Youth Leadership Junette Perez Anil Gupta MUMBAI, INDIA Professor
HYDERABAD, INDIA
and Social Entrepreneurship Associate Professor Kasturbhai Lalbhai Chair in satyajit_iper@hotmail.com
harveykeh@gmail.com Kavil Ramachandran Meena Galliara
perezja@dlsu.edu.ph Entrepreneurship
Clinical Professor, Entrepreneurship Chairperson, Social S Parasuraman
agupta@rhsmith.umd.edu
K_Ramachandran@isb.edu Enterprise Cell Director, Tata Institute of Social
M S Sriram galliara@nmims.edu Sciences, sparasuraman@tiss.edu
Adjunct Professor Subromania Sarma
mssriram@gmail.com Director, Entrepreneurship
Development
96 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK Subramonia_Sarma@isb.edu SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION RESOURCE HANDBOOK 97
E. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AFRICA F. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AUSTRALIA
Susan Steinman, University of Johannesburg Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Social Economy Ian Jones, RMIT College Business Social Entrepreneurship Program
One encounters a richness in innovative thinking, a resilience and a determination to succeed against all odds, when Australia has a long history of social enterprises and social entrepreneurs. Since 2009 however, based on the work of Social
examining the social entrepreneurial activities in Africa. Indeed, Africa is awakening to the power of social entrepreneurship. Ventures Australia and Social Traders and their hosting of the Social Enterprise World Forum there has been a ‘new wave revival’.
Social entrepreneurship and social enterprise as solutions to the problems of the continent have never been more attractive. The rejuvenation of the sector has mostly been practitioner led, with government, corporate and education sectors cautiously
Universities, colleges and institutions of further learning embrace public innovation and social enterprises as a business model following. Whilst university course offerings have remained the same, mainly based around Non-Profit Management and
that can address burning issues such as unemployment, education, food security and health care. Philanthropic studies at postgraduate level, there is a small offering of specific social entrepreneurship courses. The research base
has expanded with The Centre for Social Impact now partnering across four leading universities, as well as the work pioneered by
The unemployment of the young is causing mass upheavals all over the world – Tunisia and Egypt being the tip of the iceberg. Social Traders.
In South Africa, 50% of young people is unemployed while the situation in the rest of Africa is even worse. It is the role of
academic institutions to produce a new wave of graduates and leadership that can bring about social change. Traditionally, Younger practitioners are taking a more collaborative, cross-networking US style, and are beginning to develop their own
universities prepared students for a career – but the realities of this world dictate that every student should become a innovative networks and small scale programs, as well as local crowdsourcing models to supplement the small growth in available
changemaker. Unless we address the social problems, the world will become unsafe and unstable for all. We need systemic grants. Whilst gaining significant funding and support is still difficult, overall levels have grown with the continued expansion of
change and an innovative approach — universities in South Africa and the rest of Africa are taking up the challenge to become the School for Social Entrepreneurs, the creation of The Australian Centre for Social Innovation and the development of RMIT
the catalyst for social change by offering programmes to this end. University’s SEEDS program.
Africa has arrived and will be making important contributions in this relatively new field of academic inquiry.
AUSTRALIA
AFRICA
MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA OF TECHNOLOGY QUEENSLAND
Hugh Morrow MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA
Adjunct Professor; Director, Murray Gillin Jay Weerawardena
THE BRITISH UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY Social Benefit Initiative Professor Emeritus, Entrepreneurship Senior Lecturer; Chairperson,
UNIVERSITY IN EGYPT JOHANNESBURG OF STELLENBOSCH hugh.morrow@mq.edu.au and Innovation; Executive Director, UQ Business School Ethics
EL SHEROUK, EGYPT JOHANNESBURG, STELLENBOSCH, AGSE International Entrepreneurship Review Committee
David Kirby SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA MASSEY UNIVERSITY Research Exchange j.weerawardena@business.uq.edu.au
Founding Dean, Faculty of Susan Steinmann Mark Swilling WELLINGTON, mgillin@swin.edu.au
Business Administration, Head, Centre for Social Division Head, NEW ZEALAND UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY
Kevin Hindle
Economics, and Political Science Entrepreneurship Sustainable Development Anne de Bruin SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
Director, Entrepreneurship
dkirby@bue.edu.eg Swilling@sun.ac.za Professor, Economics Research at the Australian Graduate Jarrod Ormiston
UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA a.m.debruin@massey.ac.nz School of Entrepreneurship Researcher
Jako Volschenk j.ormiston@econ.usyd.edu.au
UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA khindle@swin.edu.au
Lecturer, Cost Accounting and
CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY
Bridgit Evans Environmental Finance Denis Tracey Dr. Richard Seymour
Elspeth Donovan Program Manager, OF TECHNOLOGY Lecturer; Program Director,
Jako.Volschenk@usb.ac.za Deputy Director, Centre for
Director, MBA Program, Graduate Colloquium for Social BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA Innovation and Enterprise
Philanthropy and Social Investment
School of Business Entrepreneurs Evan Douglas detracey@swin.edu.au richard.seymour@wsydney.edu.au
elspethb@gsb.uct.ac.za bridgit.evans@gmail.com Dean, Faculty of Business
Heather Ford
edouglas@usc.edu.au UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE
Amy Tekié
Guest Lecturer, Nomadic Program Manager, Network ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA
Marketing; Executive Director, for Social Entrepreneurs Allan O’Connor
iCommons Ltd. tekiea@gibs.co.za Academic Director, Innovation
Amy Marks and Entrepreneurship at the
Lecturer, amymarks@gsb.uct.ac.za Entrepreneurship, Commercialization
and Innovation Centre
allan.oconnor@adelaide.edu.au
E. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AFRICA F. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AUSTRALIA
Susan Steinman, University of Johannesburg Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Social Economy Ian Jones, RMIT College Business Social Entrepreneurship Program
One encounters a richness in innovative thinking, a resilience and a determination to succeed against all odds, when Australia has a long history of social enterprises and social entrepreneurs. Since 2009 however, based on the work of Social
examining the social entrepreneurial activities in Africa. Indeed, Africa is awakening to the power of social entrepreneurship. Ventures Australia and Social Traders and their hosting of the Social Enterprise World Forum there has been a ‘new wave revival’.
Social entrepreneurship and social enterprise as solutions to the problems of the continent have never been more attractive. The rejuvenation of the sector has mostly been practitioner led, with government, corporate and education sectors cautiously
Universities, colleges and institutions of further learning embrace public innovation and social enterprises as a business model following. Whilst university course offerings have remained the same, mainly based around Non-Profit Management and
that can address burning issues such as unemployment, education, food security and health care. Philanthropic studies at postgraduate level, there is a small offering of specific social entrepreneurship courses. The research base
has expanded with The Centre for Social Impact now partnering across four leading universities, as well as the work pioneered by
The unemployment of the young is causing mass upheavals all over the world – Tunisia and Egypt being the tip of the iceberg. Social Traders.
In South Africa, 50% of young people is unemployed while the situation in the rest of Africa is even worse. It is the role of
academic institutions to produce a new wave of graduates and leadership that can bring about social change. Traditionally, Younger practitioners are taking a more collaborative, cross-networking US style, and are beginning to develop their own
universities prepared students for a career – but the realities of this world dictate that every student should become a innovative networks and small scale programs, as well as local crowdsourcing models to supplement the small growth in available
changemaker. Unless we address the social problems, the world will become unsafe and unstable for all. We need systemic grants. Whilst gaining significant funding and support is still difficult, overall levels have grown with the continued expansion of
change and an innovative approach — universities in South Africa and the rest of Africa are taking up the challenge to become the School for Social Entrepreneurs, the creation of The Australian Centre for Social Innovation and the development of RMIT
the catalyst for social change by offering programmes to this end. University’s SEEDS program.
Africa has arrived and will be making important contributions in this relatively new field of academic inquiry.
AUSTRALIA
AFRICA
MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA OF TECHNOLOGY QUEENSLAND
Hugh Morrow MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA
Adjunct Professor; Director, Murray Gillin Jay Weerawardena
THE BRITISH UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY Social Benefit Initiative Professor Emeritus, Entrepreneurship Senior Lecturer; Chairperson,
UNIVERSITY IN EGYPT JOHANNESBURG OF STELLENBOSCH hugh.morrow@mq.edu.au and Innovation; Executive Director, UQ Business School Ethics
EL SHEROUK, EGYPT JOHANNESBURG, STELLENBOSCH, AGSE International Entrepreneurship Review Committee
David Kirby SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA MASSEY UNIVERSITY Research Exchange j.weerawardena@business.uq.edu.au
Founding Dean, Faculty of Susan Steinmann Mark Swilling WELLINGTON, mgillin@swin.edu.au
Business Administration, Head, Centre for Social Division Head, NEW ZEALAND UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY
Kevin Hindle
Economics, and Political Science Entrepreneurship Sustainable Development Anne de Bruin SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
Director, Entrepreneurship
dkirby@bue.edu.eg Swilling@sun.ac.za Professor, Economics Research at the Australian Graduate Jarrod Ormiston
UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA a.m.debruin@massey.ac.nz School of Entrepreneurship Researcher
Jako Volschenk j.ormiston@econ.usyd.edu.au
UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA khindle@swin.edu.au
Lecturer, Cost Accounting and
CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY
Bridgit Evans Environmental Finance Denis Tracey Dr. Richard Seymour
Elspeth Donovan Program Manager, OF TECHNOLOGY Lecturer; Program Director,
Jako.Volschenk@usb.ac.za Deputy Director, Centre for
Director, MBA Program, Graduate Colloquium for Social BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA Innovation and Enterprise
Philanthropy and Social Investment
School of Business Entrepreneurs Evan Douglas detracey@swin.edu.au richard.seymour@wsydney.edu.au
elspethb@gsb.uct.ac.za bridgit.evans@gmail.com Dean, Faculty of Business
Heather Ford
edouglas@usc.edu.au UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE
Amy Tekié
Guest Lecturer, Nomadic Program Manager, Network ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA
Marketing; Executive Director, for Social Entrepreneurs Allan O’Connor
iCommons Ltd. tekiea@gibs.co.za Academic Director, Innovation
Amy Marks and Entrepreneurship at the
Lecturer, amymarks@gsb.uct.ac.za Entrepreneurship, Commercialization
and Innovation Centre
allan.oconnor@adelaide.edu.au
We would like to thank you, the reader, for your contributions to moving the
field of social entrepreneurship education forward in such large strides
in the last few years. If you would like your institution to be included
in the next edition of the Social Entrepreneurship Education Resource
Handbook, please email ashokau@ashoka.org.
DEBBI D. BROCK
Debbi D. Brock joined Anderson University as Assistant Professor of Entrepreneurship
in 2009. Previously, Brock served as the William and Kay Moore Professor of
Entrepreneurship and Management, Assistant Professor in the Economics and
Business department and Director of the Entrepreneurship for the Public Good (EPG)
program at Berea College. In 2003, she created the Social Entrepreneurship Teaching
Resources Handbook for faculty interested in the field of social entrepreneurship.
This 2011 version includes a compilation of initiatives, courses, cases, business
plan competitions, teaching materials and research. Brock partnered to develop the
Social Entrepreneurship module for the Know About Business curriculum offered
in over 35 countries focusing on empowering youth to change the world. Brock’s research includes over 300
courses that address social entrepreneurship with over 140 specific courses in social entrepreneurship in
over 35 countries. Brock’s recent publications include “Using the Social Entrepreneurship Model to Teach
Engineering Students How to Create Lasting Change,” with Susan Steiner and Lois Jordon; “Appalachian by
Design: Lessons on Creating Social Value” with co-authors Diane Browning and Barbara Elliott that won
the best practitioner paper at USASBE; and “The Social Entrepreneurship Model: Building Sustainable
Technological Innovations to Achieve Social Impact” with Susan Steiner that was presented at the 3rd annual
Colloquium on Social Entrepreneurship at Oxford University. Brock’s passion for integrating service learning
into her courses is evident by overseeing over 40 student led service learning projects in her academic
career. As the former Director of the Entrepreneurial Resource Lab at Miami University in Ohio, Brock was
responsible for building the Lab’s experiential learning program. Brock was the former Executive Director of
the Association of Collegiate Entrepreneurs, an international organization dedicated to fulfilling the needs of
student entrepreneurs. She has an MBA from Xavier University and a BBA in Small Business Entrepreneurship
from Ohio University. Debbi lives in Anderson, Indiana with her daughter Anya adopted from Russia.
ABOUT ASHOKA U
Ashoka U is a program of Ashoka: Innovators for the Public. Since 2005, Ashoka U has been at the
forefront of the academic field of social entrepreneurship, co-founding the first comprehensive and global
association of faculty and institutions working to advance the field. Continuing from the groundwork
laid by the University Network for Social Entrepreneurship, a partnership between Ashoka, the Skoll
Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at Oxford University, the EMES European Research Network, and the
Social Enterprise Knowledge Network (SEKN), Ashoka U works to strengthen social entrepreneurship
education in higher education by disseminating key knowledge and resources, recognizing innovation, and
facilitating collaboration between colleges and universities, and with social entrepreneur practitioners.
Building on Ashoka’s 30-year history working with and learning from over 2,500 Ashoka Fellows from over 70
countries, Ashoka U is now in a unique position to share examples of systems-changing solutions and leverage
extensive experience fostering the growth of social entrepreneurship education in higher education. The mission
of Ashoka U is to connect theory and practice to help foster and accelerate teaching, research, and action
in social entrepreneurship at colleges and universities around the world. In seeking to set a new standard of
excellence in the field, the vision of Ashoka U is to catalyze the re-invention of higher education. We envision a
day when colleges and universities everywhere serve as an enabling environment for social innovation, providing
individuals with access to the resources, learning opportunities, role models, and peer community needed to
actualize their full potential as social entrepreneurs and changemakers. Learn more at www.ashokau.org.
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WELCOME

WELCOME TO THE 2011 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

WHAT’S NEW IN THE 2011 EDITION?

“Highlighted Examples” delve into new or innovative models

HATS OFF TO SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATORS!

Copyright © 2011 Ashoka U and Debbi D. Brock. Published by Ashoka U,

WHERE TO START VI. APPLIED LEARNING AND APPRENTICESHIP ................................... 48

2) Focus on Comprehensive, Rigorous Social Entrepreneurship Course of Study

2) Focus on Comprehensive, Rigorous Social Entrepreneurship Course of Study

New York University – Social University of Maryland Management of Social Enterprise,

New York University – Social University of Maryland Management of Social Enterprise,

MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

INNOVATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAMS

INNOVATIVE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAMS

National University Center for Social Entrepreneurship

Case Western Penn State University US Humanitarian Engineering and

College of the Atlantic US Sustainable Business Program X

Colorado State University US Global Social and Sustainable

Copenhagen Business Denmark Social Entrepreneurship and

National University Center for Social Entrepreneurship

Case Western Penn State University US Humanitarian Engineering and

College of the Atlantic US Sustainable Business Program X

Colorado State University US Global Social and Sustainable

Copenhagen Business Denmark Social Entrepreneurship and

University of Michigan US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X

University of Navarra Spain Platform for Strategy and Sustainability X

University of Nottingham UK MSc Social Entrepreneurship X X

University of Notre Dame US Social/Micro Venturing Program X X

University of Oxford UK Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X X

University of Pretoria SouthAfrica GIBS Social Entrepreneurship Certificate Programme X X

University of San Diego US Center for Peace & Commerce X

University of the Pacific US Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X

University of Michigan US Social Entrepreneurship Initiative X

University of Navarra Spain Platform for Strategy and Sustainability X

University of Nottingham UK MSc Social Entrepreneurship X X

University of Notre Dame US Social/Micro Venturing Program X X

University of Oxford UK Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship X X

University of Pretoria SouthAfrica GIBS Social Entrepreneurship Certificate Programme X X

University of San Diego US Center for Peace & Commerce X

University of the Pacific US Global Center for Social Entrepreneurship X X

ASHOKA: INNOVATORS FOR THE PUBLIC

ASHOKA: INNOVATORS FOR THE PUBLIC

Social Entrepreneurship: The Art of Oxford University

Social Entrepreneurship: David Bornstein Oxford University

Strategic Tools for Social Entrepreneurs J. Gregory Dees, Jed

The New Pioneers: Sustainable Business Success Introduction, Social Entrepreneurs,

The Tactics of Hope: How Social Entrepreneurs

Three Cups of Tea Greg Mortenson Afghanistan, Pakistan,

Social Entrepreneurship: The Art of Oxford University

Social Entrepreneurship: David Bornstein Oxford University

Strategic Tools for Social Entrepreneurs J. Gregory Dees, Jed

The New Pioneers: Sustainable Business Success Introduction, Social Entrepreneurs,

The Tactics of Hope: How Social Entrepreneurs

Three Cups of Tea Greg Mortenson Afghanistan, Pakistan,

JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (JSE) STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP JOURNAL:

JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (JSE) STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP JOURNAL:

INTERNSHIPS AND APPRENTICES ASHOKA FELLOW OPPORTUNITIES

INTERNSHIPS AND APPRENTICES ASHOKA FELLOW OPPORTUNITIES

NET IMPACT BARUCH COLLEGE AND MERRILL LYNCH INVITATIONAL

NET IMPACT BARUCH COLLEGE AND MERRILL LYNCH INVITATIONAL

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION COMPETITION USAID/SMITH SCHOOL GLOBAL CHALLENGE

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION COMPETITION USAID/SMITH SCHOOL GLOBAL CHALLENGE