MODULE CODE: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-D1

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION - NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 9 EARTH AND SPACE

THIRD QUARTER/ Week 4 / Day 1

OBJECTIVE:

Explain how a geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
➢ Geothermal energy is the thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Geo means “Earth”
and “thermal” means heat.
➢ Geothermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter.
➢ The geothermal energy of the Earth’s crust originates from the formation of the planet and from
radioactive decay of materials.
➢ It is the energy produced by the heat of Earth’s molten interior. This energy is harnessed to generate
electricity when water injected deep underground and return as steam to drive a turbine or an electric
power generator.
➢ It is clean, renewable resource that can be harnessed for use as heat and electricity.
➢ Earth’s temperature rises with depth rom the surface to the core.
➢ This gradual change in temperature is known as the geothermal gradient. In most part of the world,
the geothermal gradient is about 25°C per 1 km of depth.
➢ If underground rock formations are heated about 700-1300°C they can become magma.
➢ Magma is a molten rock permeated by gas and gas bubbles. Magma exists in the mantle and lower
crust, and sometimes bubbles to the surface as lava.
➢ Magma heats nearby rocks and underground aquifers. Hot water can be released through geysers
hot springs, steam vents, underwater hydrothermal vents and mud pots.
➢ These are all sources of geothermal energy. Their heat can be captured and used directly for heat,
or their steam can be used directly for heat, or their steam can be used to generate electricity.

How Geothermal Power Plants Work:

1. Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a well under high pressure.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped which causes the water to turn into
stream.
3. The steam spins a turbine which is connected to a generator that produces electricity.

➢ The heat flowing from inside the Earth is tapped as source of electricity, but it needs to
transform into other forms of energy such as:

1. Thermal Energy – energy possessed within the object or system due to movement of particles within
the object or system.
2. Mechanical Energy – is the energy that possessed by an object due to its motion or due to its position.
3. Chemical Energy – energy stored in the bands of chemical compounds.
4. Electrical Energy – refers to energy associated with the electric charges and their movements.

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Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Fig. 1 Geothermal Power Plants

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE? Is today’s lesson clear to you? If not, go back to our lesson.

Let’s Do This! PRACTICE EXERCISE # 1

LET ME TRY AGAIN!

Directions:
A. Uncramble the jumbled letters. Use the hints below to fill in the given flow chart.

Geothermal Energy

MATES TUBERIN ROTAGENRE TRICELEITCY

A moving fluid acts on

A vapor arising from the blade so that they It is a machine that
It is a flow of electrical
heated substance. move and impart converts motive power
power of charge.
rotational energy to the to electrical power.
rotor.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-D1

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

B. Complete the chart to show how the heat from the Earth is tapped as a source of electricity
in a geothermal power plant. Choose the answer below.

Heat from
inside the
Earth.

Electrical Energy Chemical Energy Mechanical Energy

C. Classify the following statements into Advantages (A) or (D) dis-advantages of geothermal

power. Write A or D before the number.

_____ 1. Can be expensive to install.

_____2. Does not contribute to global warming and ozone depletion.

_____3. Does not cause acid rain.

_____4. Does not produce carbon dioxide.

_____5. Emission of sulfuric gases.

_____6. Only certain areas have suitable conditions.

_____7. Possible danger from eruptions and earthquakes.

_____8. Reliable and provide a constant energy supply.

_____9. Renewable

_____10. Use for heating and electricity.

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE # 2
MATCH ME NOW!

DIRECTIONS:
Match column A with B and C. Arrange in an orderly manner the Forms of Energy, Description, Examples based
on how geothermal energy transformed into electrical energy. Write your answer using the same format below.

A. Forms of Energy B. Description C. Examples

1. Electrical Energy Energy stored by a substance. Magma in the mantle, steam.

2. Thermal Energy Electrical charges of an object. Rotating turbine.

3. Mechanical Energy Energy due to its motion. Transmission line power.

4. Chemical Energy Energy due to movement of the Using a generator.

particles within the system.

GENERALIZATION:
Steam and hot water produced by geothermal energy can be used for generating electricity and for
heating. Alternative energy resources are needed to replace fossil fuels, reduce air pollution, and reduce the
emission of greenhouse gases.

At a geothermal energy plant, wells are drilled 1 or 2 miles deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot
water to the surface. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped, which causes the water to
turn into steam. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces electricity.

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

EVALUATION: Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What do you call the energy from volcanoes that uses heat deep inside the earth that can be tapped for
human use?
A. Geothermal B. Hydrothermal C. Nuclear D. Solar

2. A geothermal power plant gets anergy by__________________.

A. Pumping heated water or steam from rock formation.
B. Circulating fluid underground.
C. Holding water behind a dam.
D. Using a methane from decomposition

3. How does “geothermal” work?

A. Water>Spine turbine>Drives electric generator
B. Water>Steam>Spins generator>Drives turbine
C. Water>Steam>Spins turbine>Drives electric generator
D. Water>Steam>Drives electric generator>Spins turbine

4. How is energy transformed to generate electricity?

A. Mechanical > Electrical> Heat
B. Heat> Chemical> Mechanical
C. Chemical> Heat> Mechanical
D. Heat> Mechanical> Electrical

5. Arrange the steps to generate electricity in a geothermal power plant.

I. Cooling tower cool steam which condenses back to water.
II. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
III. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pumped steam or hot water to the surface.
IV. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to turn into steam.
V. The steam spins a turbine, which connected to a generator that produces electricity.

A. I, II, III, IV, V B. III, IV,V,I,II C. V,IV,III,II,I D. III,II,IV,I,V

________________________________________________________________________________

REFERENCES FOR FURTHER ENHANCEMENT:

Online: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/4292562121961165/

PREPARED BY:
ELEOMAR F. PALIGAR
PCEHS

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 PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ____________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION- NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
Third Quarter/ Week 4/ Day 02

OBJECTIVE
This module aims to illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

If you were to dig a big hole straight down into the Earth, you would notice the temperature
getting warmer the deeper you go. That is because the inside of the Earth is full of heat. This heat
is called GEOTHERMAL ENERGY.
Volcanoes are one of the most evident manifestations of the Earth’s
energy and are the main source of geothermal energy. Geothermal energy
is renewable energy that is harnessed from the heat inside the Earth for
human use. Geo comes from a Greek word that means “earth” and thermal
means “heat”. This heat comes from the center of the Earth which is a
byproduct of chemical and nuclear reactions happening in the Earth’s core
occurring for billions of years. It slowly and continuously migrates up through
the Earth until researchers and scientists reach it by drilling into the ground. Although the heat from
the center of Earth is migrating to the surface everywhere, the heat that has been produced is
concentrated at the edges of tectonic plates.
Heat from the earth can be used as an energy in many ways, from large and complex power
stations to small and relatively simple pumping systems. Scientists have been harnessing that heat
for decades by drilling deep wells to
power turbines. But now,
researchers have been able to tap
into even greater energy by drilling
into volcanoes and exploiting the
heat molten rock. To be able to
harness geothermal energy deep in
the Earth, three things should be
considered: heat, fluid, and
permeability or pathways
through the rock. With these three
together, it can create the
geothermal reservoir. (Figure 1)
Figure 1. Geothermal reservoir
Image source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Geothermal-Reservoir-7_fig1_339918736

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 PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ____________________________________ Section: ___________________

Geothermal reservoir is a volume of rocks in the subsurface which exploitation in terms of

heat can be economically profitable. These underground reservoirs of steam and hot water can be
tapped to generate electricity or to heat and cool buildings directly.
The most common way of
capturing the energy from
geothermal reservoir is to tap into
naturally occurring “hydrothermal
convection” systems, where
cooler water seeps into Earth’s
crust, is heated up, and then
rises to the surface. Once this
Figure 3. Geothermal power plants
heated water is forced to the Source: https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.html

surface, it is a relatively simple

matter to capture that steam and
use it to drive electric generators.
Geothermal power plants drill their Figure 2. District heating system
Image source: https://inhabitat.com/heerlen-minewater-project/
own holes into the rock to capture
the steam more effectively. Energy from volcanoes can be tapped for human use through
geothermal energy systems.
There are three main types of geothermal energy systems:
1. Direct use and district heating systems (Figure 2)
• Direct use and district heating systems use hot water from springs or reservoirs
located near the surface of the earth.
• Ancient Roman, Chinese, and Native American cultures used hot mineral springs
for bathing, cooking, and heating.
2. Geothermal electricity generation (Figure 3)
• Geothermal electricity generation requires water or steam at high temperatures
(300° to 700°F).
• The heat deep inside the Earth is used to produce steam to generate electricity.
• These are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the surface such as
near a group of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
• In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in Tiwi
(Albay), Kidapawan (North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago
City (Negros Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).
3. Geothermal heat pumps (Figure 4)
• Geothermal heat pumps use constant temperatures near the surface of the earth to
heat and cool buildings.

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 PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ____________________________________ Section: ___________________

• It transfers heat from the ground (or water) into buildings during the winter and
reverse the process in the summer.

Figure 3. Geothermal electricity generation

Image source: http://www.eniscuola.net/en/mediateca/diagram-of-a-geothermal-power-plant/

Figure 4. Geothermal heat pumps

Image source: https://www.remodelingcalculator.org/geothermal-heating-cooling-costs/ground-source-heat-pump-diagram/

1 CAPTURE ME… PLEASE!

DIRECTIONS: Match column A to column B. Write only the letter on the space provided.

Column A Column B
_______ 1. It is renewable energy that is A. Heat pumps
harnessed from the heat inside the
Earth for human use
_______ 2. It is a volume of rocks in the B. Electricity generation
subsurface
_______ 3. It transfers heat from the ground into C. Geothermal Energy
buildings during the winter and
reverse the process in the summer

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ____________________________________ Section: ___________________

_______ 4. Used to produce steam to generate D. District heating system

electricity
_______ 5. Used hot mineral springs for bathing, E. Geothermal reservoir
cooking, and heating

2 FILL ME IN!
DIRECTIONS: Illustrate how energy is tapped for human use by filling in the table below
and describe each.

GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY DESCRIPTIONS ILLUSTRATION
SYSTEMS

DISTRICT
HEATING
SYSTEM

HEAT PUMPS

ELECTRICITY
GENERATION

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 PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: ____________________________________ Section: ___________________

GENERALIZATION:
• Geothermal energy is renewable energy that is harnessed from the
heat inside the Earth for human use.
• Geothermal reservoir is a volume of rocks in the subsurface that can
be tapped to generate electricity or to heat and cool buildings directly.
• Geothermal can be tapped in through geothermal energy systems.

EVALUATION
DIRECTIONS: Make your own illustration that shows how energy from volcanoes may
tapped for human use and write a short description on how it works.

5 4
The illustration
demonstrates original
Creativity personal expression, and
a level of ingenuity and
imagination.
The illustration is planned
carefully; a basic
Instruction and understanding of key
Design Concepts concepts and following
instructions are
demonstrated.
Report illustrates an
accurate and thorough accurate understanding of
Scientific understanding of scientific
knowledge concepts underlying the
lesson
3 2
The illustration The illustration
demonstrates some demonstrates little personal
amount of personal expression and relies on
existing models, or
expression.
inventions or is unclear/
incomprehensible.
The planning is The illustration shows little
satisfactory; evidence of understanding
understanding of some the concepts and
instructions.
concepts and following
instructions are
demonstrated
Report illustrates an Report illustrates a limited
understanding of scientific
most scientific concepts concepts underlying the
lesson.
underlying the lesson
The illustration lacks
evidence of personal
expression and has
several elements that
do not fit together
The illustration shows
no evidence of the
understanding of
concepts or
instructions.
Report illustrates
inaccurate
understanding of
scientific concepts
underlying the lesson.

REFERENCES:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/geothermal-energy
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/geothermal/use-of-geothermal-energy.php
https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/how-geothermal-energy-works

Prepared by: JOY Q. BATANG

PCCCANHS

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Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: _______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 4/ DAY 3

OBJECTIVE
This module aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal
energy.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

Geothermal energy is a type of renewable energy taken

from the Earth’s core. It comes from heat generated during
the original formation of the planet and the radioactive
decay of materials. This thermal energy is stored in rocks
and fluids in the centre of the earth.
https://tinyurl.com/GEOPOWERPLANT

There are many advantages of geothermal energy but also some challenges that need to be overcome
to fully exploit this natural resource.

What are the Advantages of Using Geothermal?

CARBON FOOTPRINT – is
1. Environmentally Friendly the total greenhouse gas
Geothermal energy is more environmentally friendly than
conventional fuel sources such as coal and other fossil fuels. In emission caused by an
addition, the carbon footprint of a geothermal power plant is low. individual, event,
While there is some pollution associated with geothermal energy, organization, service or
this is relatively minimal when compared to fossil fuels. product.

2. Renewable
Geothermal energy is a source of renewable energy that will last until the Earth is destroyed by the sun
in around 5 billion years. The hot reservoirs within the Earth are naturally replenished, making it both
renewable and sustainable.

3. Sustainable / Stable
Geothermal provides a reliable source of energy as compared to other renewable resources such as
wind and solar power. This is because the resource is always available to be tapped into, unlike with
wind or solar energy.

4. Heating and Cooling

https://tinyurl.com/vx95jb8
Effective use of geothermal for electricity generation requires water
temperatures of over 150°C to drive turbines. Alternatively, the temperature
difference between the surface and a ground source can be used. Due to
the ground being more resistant to seasonal heat changes than the air, it can
act as a heat sink/ source with a geothermal heat pump just two meters
below the surface.

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5. Reliable
Energy generated from this resource is easy to calculate since it does not fluctuate in the same way as
other energy sources, such as solar and wind. This means we can predict the power output from a
geothermal plant with a high degree of accuracy.

6. No Fuel Required
Since geothermal energy is a naturally occurring resource there is no fuel
required, such as fossil fuels that are a finite resource that needs mining or
otherwise extracting from the earth.
https://tinyurl.com/4wxnupu6

7. Rapid Evolution
There is a great deal of exploration into geothermal energy at the moment, meaning that new
technologies are being created to improve the energy process. There is an increasing number of
projects to improve and grow this area of industry. With this rapid evolution, many of the current cons
of geothermal energy will be mitigated.

What are the Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy?

https://tinyurl.com/pbmyujj
1. Location Restricted
The largest single disadvantage of geothermal energy is that it is location-
specific. Geothermal plants need to be built in places where the energy is
accessible, which means that some areas are not able to exploit this
resource. Of course, this is not a problem if you live in a place where
geothermal energy is readily accessible, such as Iceland.

2. Environmental Side Effects

Unfortunately, no matter its reputation as being an environmentally friendly
alternative energy source, geothermal energy also causes some minor
concerns in regards to the environment.
The extraction of geothermal energy from the grounds leads to a release of
greenhouse gases like hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane, and
https://tinyurl.com/4ezwh5bk ammonia. However, the amount of gas released is significantly lower than in
the case of fossil fuels.
3. Earthquakes
Geothermal energy also runs the risk of triggering earthquakes. This is due to alterations in the Earth’s
structure as a result of digging. This problem is more prevalent with enhanced geothermal power plants,
which force water into the Earth’s crust to open up fissures to greater exploitation of the resource.
However, since most geothermal plants are away from population centers, the implications of these
earthquakes are relatively minor.

4. High Costs
Geothermal energy is an expensive resource to tap into, with price tags
ranging from around $2-$7 million (Php. 97-340 million) for a plant with a 1
megawatt capacity. However, where the upfront costs are high, the outlay can
be recover as part of a long-term investment.
https://tinyurl.com/4665sfud

5. Sustainability
To maintain the sustainability of geothermal energy fluid needs to be pumped back into the underground
reservoirs faster than it is depleted. This means that geothermal energy needs to be properly managed
to maintain its sustainability.
The industry needs to assess the geothermal energy pros and cons to take account of the advantages
while mitigating any potential problems.

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6. Possibility of Depletion of Geothermal Sources

Furthermore, despite being considered sustainable and renewable energy, the chances are that
specific locations might cool down after time, making it impossible to harvest more geothermal energy
in the future.
The only non-depletable option is sourcing geothermal energy right from magma but the technology for
doing so is still in the process of development. This option is worth the investment mainly thanks to the
fact that magma will be around for billions of years.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1: PICTURE ANALYSIS

DIRECTIONS: Using the photo from the first column, identify whether it is an advantage or
disadvantage of a geothermal power plant then explain why.

ADVANTAGE
PHOTO OR EXPLAIN
DISADVANTAGE

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

https://tinyurl.com/4wxnupu6

https://tinyurl.com/4665sfud

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

https://tinyurl.com/pbmyujj2

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Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: _______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2: VENN DIAGRAM

DIRECTION: Give the Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy using the
Venn Diagram, then answer the Guide Question that follows.

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

BOTH

GUIDE QUESTION:

1. What are the advantages of Geothermal energy?

2. What are the disadvantages of Geothermal Energy?

3. What are the characteristics of Geothermal energy that are both advantageous and
disadvantageous?

GENERALIZATION:
An Overview of Pros and Cons of Geothermal Energy
Pros
This energy source is more environmentally
friendly than conventional fuel sources.
A source of renewable energy.
The number of exploitable geothermal
resources will increase with ongoing research
and development in the industry.
A sustainable source of energy as it's always
available unlike wind and solar.
A reliable source as it's easier to predict the
power output from a geothermal plant with a
high degree of accuracy.
Cons
The largest single disadvantage of geothermal energy is
that it is location-specific.
Gases are released into the atmosphere during
digging.
Geothermal energy runs the risk of triggering
earthquakes.
An expensive resource to tap into, with high upfront
costs ranging from around $2-$7 million for a plant with a
1 megawatt capacity.
Energy fluid needs to be pumped back into the
underground reservoirs faster than it is
depleted. Management is required to maintain
sustainability.

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Pros Cons
No fuel is required.
An increase in exploration meaning that new
technologies are being created to improve the
energy process.
Pollution levels are much lower compared to
fossil fuels.

EVALUATION: Modified True or False

DIRECTIONS: Write TRUE if the statement is correct if it is FALSE, change the underlined word/s
to make the statement correct.

__________1. Carbon footprint of geothermal power plant is high.

__________2. Hot reservoirs within the Earth are naturally replenished, making them both renewable
and sustainable.
__________3. Geothermal resources are always available to be tapped into.
__________4. Energy generated from Geothermal powerplant is hard to calculate since it does not
fluctuate in the same way as other energy resources.
__________5. Geothermal energy is a naturally occurring resource there is no need for the fuel
required.
__________6. Geothermal power plants need to build in places where the energy is accessible.
__________7. There are many gases stored under the Earth’s surface that may be released into the
atmosphere during digging.
__________8. Geothermal energy also runs into the risk of triggering typhoon.
__________9. Lifespan of Geothermal heat pump system is relatively low.
__________10. Specific locations might cool down after time, making it impossible to harvest more
geothermal energy.

REFERENCE:
https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/geothermal-energy/pros-and-cons
https://www.greenmatch.co.uk/blog/2014/04/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-geothermal-energy

Prepared by:
JENNELYN B. DENOSTA
PCANHS

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Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 4/ DAY 4

OBJECTIVE
This module aims to design/create an ads/brochure/comic strip to show advocacy
on the use of geothermal energy.

RECAP:
Advantages of Geothermal Energy
1. It is environmentally friendly because carbon footprint is low.
2. It is renewable and sustainable compared to other renewable sources like wind and solar.
3. It is reliable, it does not easily fluctuate unlike wind and solar energy
4. It evolves rapidly, meaning that new technologies are being created to improve the energy
process
However, Geothermal energy also has their disadvantages.
1. It is location restricted, which means that some areas are not able to exploit this resource
2. There are still some environmental side effects. The extraction of geothermal energy from the
grounds leads to a release of greenhouse gases
3. The risk of triggering earthquakes.
4. It is an expensive resource to tap into.
5. Despite being considered a sustainable and renewable energy, the chances are that specific
locations might cool down after time, making it impossible to harvest more geothermal energy
in future.

Now that you know the advantages of Geothermal Energy and its importance. Let
us now make a way to tell the world what we have learned by making
Advertisements, brochure and/or comic strip, to share the knowledge we have.

Advertisement (often shortened to advert or ad) is the promotion of a product,

brand or service to a viewership in order to attract interest, engagement and sales.
Advertisements come in many forms, from copy to interactive video, and have evolved
to become a crucial feature of the app marketplace.

TYPES OF ADVERTISMENT

1. Online Advertising (aka Digital)

If you see an advertisement via the

internet, then it is classified as online
advertising.
Examples:
Google Ads
LinkedIn Ads
Facebook
Twitter

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Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

2. Cell Phone & Mobile Advertising 3. Print Advertising

A dominating force in digital advertising is
through mobile devices such as cell phones,
iPads, Kindles, and other portable electronic
devices with internet connectivity. Current
trends in mobile advertising involve major use
of social media such as Twitter, Instagram,
Snapchat, LinkedIn, and Facebook
4. Broadcast Advertising
A mass-market form of communication
including television and radio.
Advertisement in magazines and newspaper.it
is accessible to those who are does not use
mobile phones or use internet.
Types of Print Advertising:
Magazine
Newspaper
Brochures
Direct Mail
5. Outdoor Advertising
Also known as out-of-home (OOH) advertising,
this is a broad term that describes any type of
advertising that reaches consumers when they
are away from home. Think of billboards, bus
shelter posters, fly posters, and even those big
digital boards in Times Square.

Brochure

A brochure is an informative paper document (often also used for advertising) that can be folded
into a template, pamphlet, or leaflet. A brochure can also be a set of related unfolded papers put
into a pocket folder or packet.

Things to Consider for Effective Brochure Design

1. Determine your purpose.

As with all planning, the very first step is to identify your brochure’s objectives. This will determine
how the entirety of your brochure marketing will go, and by extension, the design of your brochures.
What is my product? How are people going to be benefitted in this product? Who are going to buy
my product? Answering these questions makes for an effective brochure design.
2. Know your brochure folds.
One of the distinguishing features of a brochure is its numerous folds. In fact, these folds control
how your product and service information is presented to your recipient.

https://s1-ecp.nextdayflyers.com/sms/Article%20Images/Brochure%20Folds.jpg

3. Review your copy.

Review your copy with respect to your reader. Is it giving too much information that could
overwhelm your reader? Is it too short? As a general rule, concise writing is a must for brochure
marketing. You have to give valuable information in a short amount of time.

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4. Choose your fonts.

Fonts determine the readability of your text, sets the tone of your brochure, and influences its visual
appeal. If you are new to typography, I highly suggest looking for font combinations that work
together. To start, check out Canva’s Design School compilation on the basics of typography and
suggested font combinations in their Ultimate Guide to Font Pairing.
5. Use high resolution photos.
It is a crime at this point to use blurry, jagged, low resolution photos when there are a lot of high
quality images on the internet.
7. Include a call-to-action
It is the most important section of your brochure. This is the part where you lead your recipient to
an intended action. Whether it is to buy your products, check out your website, or avail of your
discounts, it is important that you always include a statement that will lead your customers back to
you.Make your call-to-action immediately visible to your recipient. I suggest using visual cues, such
as a bigger font or larger white space around it to make it stand out. Be specific with what you want
from your recipients.

Comic strip, series of adjacent drawn images, usually arranged horizontally, that are designed to
be read as a narrative or a chronological sequence. The story is usually original in this form.

How to create a Comic strip:

Step 1: Write your ideas for your comic

A comic strip is no different from writing a short story. It still needs a beginning, middle and ending.
Because this is a three-frame comic strip, break your story down into 3 parts. Write down your
ideas for the characters, settings, expressions and even speech. Make sure each part has some
action and that your ending is powerful with an awesome punchline.
Step 2: Draw the three-frames
On a new piece of plain paper, draw your three frames using a pencil and a ruler. Make sure each
frame is equal size. You can even put small light marks on the paper to mark out where the speech
bubbles will go. As a bonus tip, you might want to make your frames twice as big as you want them
to be, so you don’t run out of space.
Step 3: Use basic shapes to draw
One of the hardest parts of creating a comic strip is drawing out your characters. We recommend
you use basic shapes to draw out your characters. As this is your first comic strip you might even
want to use stick figures to keeps things easy. Also, sketch in the speech bubbles and any
starbursts for sound effects. Oh and don’t forget, please use a pencil at this stage, so you can
erase any mistakes.
Step 4: Add in the speech and lettering
Now add in the lettering for your speech into your speech bubbles and don’t forget to double-check
your spelling. Remember the size of your lettering could show whether a character is shouting or
whispering. For example, lettering in full capitals shows that your character is shouting.
Step 5: Add detail to your cartoon
Now go back to your characters and add any extra details, such as facial expression, movement
lines, shadowing on the floor. And also draw in the background for each frame.
Step 6: Go over your comic in pen
Now, you can finally use a felt-tip pen to go over your pencil drawings and rub out any pencil lines.
Your first-ever comic strip is now complete – well done! You can leave it as it is or even add some
color.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: _______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1: ADVERTISMENT

DIRECTIONS: Make an advertisement of the importance and advantages of using Geothermal

Energy in the Philippines. Choose the type of advertisement that you would like to make. For written
advertisement such as online advertising, cellphone and mobile advertising, print advertising
and outdoor advertising you may use the space below to draw or paste a photo of your work. For
broadcast advertising post your video on Facebook and tag you science teacher.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2: BROCHURE / COMIC STRIP

DIRECTIONS: Create a tri fold brochure or a comic strip to show the advocacy to use Geothermal
Energy in selected provinces (you may choose the location). Make sure to follow the right procedure
in making brochure or comic strip.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S9ES-Q3-W4-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: _______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ____________________

GENERALIZATION:
Advertisement (often shortened to advert or ad) is the promotion of a product, brand or service to a viewership in
order to attract interest, engagement and sales. Advertisements come in many forms, from copy to interactive video, and
have evolved to become a crucial feature of the app market place. Types of Advertisement are: online advertising,
cellphone and mobile advertising, print advertising broadcast advertising and outdoor advertising
A brochure is an informative paper document (often also used for advertising) that can be folded into a template,
pamphlet, or leaflet. A brochure can also be a set of related unfolded papers put into a pocket folder or packet.
Comic strip, series of adjacent drawn images, usually arranged horizontally, that are designed to be read as a narrative
or a chronological sequence. The story is usually original in this form.

EVALUATION: MATCHING TYPE

DIRECTIONS: Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided.
A B
_____1. advertisement via the internet like Google ads and linkedin. a. Broadcast Advertising
_____2. Also known as out-of-home (OOH) advertising, this is a broad b. Cellphone and mobile
term that describes any type of advertising that reaches consumers advertising
when they are away from home.
_____3. A mass-market form of communication including television and c. Online adverting
radio.
_____4. Advertising using mobile devices such as cell phones, iPads, d. Outdoor advertising
Kindles, and other portable electronic devices with internet connectivity.
_____5. Advertisement in magazines and newspaper e. Print advertising

A B
_____6. Come in many forms, from copy to interactive video, and have a. Advertisement
evolved to become a crucial feature of the app marketplace.
_____7. It uses TV or radio to promote a product b. Brochure
_____8. A series of adjacent drawn images, usually arranged c. Comic strip
horizontally, that are designed to be read as a narrative or a
chronological sequence
_____9. An informative paper document that can be folded into a
template, pamphlet, or leaflet.
_____10. Can be a set of related unfolded papers put into a pocket folder
or packet

REFERENCE:
https://www.brighthubeducation.com/english-homework-help/87224-make-an-advertisement-for-a-school-project/
https://www.finalsite.com/blog/p/~board/b/post/school-advertising-ideas
https://www.feedough.com/what-is-advertising-advertising-objectives-examples-importance/
https://digithrive.co.uk/5-examples-of-outstanding-school-adverts/
https://www.vistaprint.com.au/hub/quick-guide-make-brochure
https://www.thebalancesmb.com/different-types-of-advertising-methods-38548
https://www.printrunner.com/blog/effective-brochure-design/

Prepared by:
Jennelyn B. Denosta
President Corazon “Cory” C. Aquino National High School

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