Hjtgvgehe>

AZUQEGK EA JHZK

Gotadrhotas>

 Ouvgh Bhmgk`h Vgozúo Jhihrdk

 Igrghi Zta``h Vgozúo Jhihrdk
@agey @gjat Caohk Ra`èsquaz
 Ohth`gh @úpaz Ikotkyh

Qogvarsgehe AJJG.

Mkdktè =6=8
 

Hjtgvgehe>

AZUQEGK EA JHZK

Hutkras>

 Ouvgh Bhmgk`h Vgozúo Jhihrdk

 Igrghi Zta``h Vgozúo Jhihrdk
@agey @gjat Caohk Ra`èsquaz
 Ohth`gh @úpaz Ikotkyh

Ekjaota>

Dkozh`k Wapas

Qogvarsgehe AJJG.

Daraojgh ea `h Zh`ue y Zadurgehe ao a` Urhmhnk

Iúeu`k>

A]DKOKIGH

Mkdktè
=6=8
 

UHM@H EA JKOUAOGEK
 

GOU]KEQJJGÚO

A` iès brajuaota a gipkrthota jhipk ea govastgdhjgúo qua ch taogek `h ardkokiéh, ch sgek a`

astuegk ea` easaipaøk cuihok braota h `hs axgdaojghs mgkiajèogjhs (pksturh, buarzh,
ikvgigaotk) qua eaihoeho `ks puastks ea trhmhnk h `h pkm`hjgúo ajkoúigjhiaota hjtgvh.
Juhoek astks raquargigaotks skmraphsho `h jhphjgehe ea raspuasth ea` goegvgeuk k ok chy uoh
heajuheh rajuparhjgúo mgk`údgjh ea `ks tangeks, asta asbuarzk puaea hskjghrsa jko a` krgdao k `h
 prasaojgh ea Easúreaoas Iþsju`k Asqua`çtgjks (EIA) ra`hjgkoheks jko a` trhmhnk
 

EAZH]]K@@K

V]ADQOUHZ>

Ukihr a` radgstrk bé`igjk ea uo trhmhnhekr rah`gzhoek `h hjtgvgehe,vgeak taoerè uoh eurhjg

úo ea uo igou
igoutk
tk trago
tragoth
th saduoeks
saduoeks k eks igou
igoutks.
tks. Ukihr
Ukihr a` vgeak ea th` bkri
bkrihh qua sa
puaea kmsarvhr `h pksturh jkip`ath a` trhmhnhekr.

8. Eas
Eashrr
hrrk``
k``hr
hr `ks
`ks sgduga
sgdugaota
otass puo
puotks
tks>>

 
E. Ugaipk/Vgjks ea ihykr prkeujjgúo k ea eaihoeh> (iasas, saihohs, eéhs, ckrh ea `h n
kroheh)

A. Nkroheh @hmkrh`>

B. Vargkeks ea easjhosk> ea quç ckrh h quç ckrh

D. Vargkek ea h`giaothjgúo> ea quç ckrh h quç ckrh

C. Vargkek ea phushs hjtgvhs> ea quç ckrh h quç ckrh

G. Easjrgpjgúo ea `ks tras a`aiaotks qua jkipkoao a` sgstaih ardkoúigjk>

Easjrgpjgúo ea` trhmhnhekr, daoark, prkbasgúo, axpargaojgh.

  Easjrgpjgúo ea `h ihqugoh/aqugpks/carrhigaoth>
ihqugoh/aqugpks/carrhigaoth>
  Easjrgpjgúo ea` aotkrok> jkoegjgkoas himgaoth`as, asphjgk bésgjk.

N. D`kshrgk> sg hp`gjh 
 

Jhrdh bésgjh> sa rabgarao h `ks bhjtkras qua aotkrok h `h `hmkr rah`gzheh gipkoao ao a`
tr
trhmh
hmhnh
nhek
ekrr uo asbuar
asbuarzk
zk bésg
bésgjk
jk a gi
gip`
p`gj
gjh
h ç` usk
usk ea `ks
`ks jkip
jkipko
koaot
aotas
as ea
ea`` sgst
sgstai
aih
h
kstakiusju`hr y jhregkvhsju`hr. Astks bhjtkras sko> Vksturh, Buarzh y Ikvgigaotk.

Vksturhs> `h pksturh ea trhmhnk, eaotrk ea` asbuarzk astètgjk, as `h qua uo goegvgeuk

hekpth y ihotgaoa phrh rah`gzhr su `hmkr. @h pksturh geah` y úptgih eaotrk ea asth
jkojapjgúo sargh> `h pksgjgúo ea `ks egbaraotas sadiaotks jkrpkrh`as jko raspajtk h`
ana jkrpkrh` jko uo ièxgik ea abgjhjgh y a` iéogik ea jkosuik aoardçtgjk, heaiès ea
uo muao jkobkrt ao su hjtgvgehe.

Bhjtkras
Bhjtkras ea rgasdk bésgjks> sa j`hsgbgjho hqué `ks bhjtkras himgaoth`as ea ohturh`azh
rgasdk bésgjks
bésgjh jkosgearhoek asth jkik `h aoardéh qua sa easp`hzh ao a` iaegk, qua juhoek
aotrao ao jkothjtk jko `hs parskohs puaeao taoar abajtks okjgvks skmra `h sh`ue
eapaoegaoek ea su gotaosgehe, axpksgjgúo y jkojaotrhjgúo ea `ks igsiks.

L. Geaotgbgqua a` Bhjtkr ea rgasdk nustgbgjhoek su raspuasth>

  Vksturh
  Ikvgigaotk
  Asbuarzk

Urhmhnhr ea pga eurhota tkeh `h nkroheh `hmkrh` puaea sar buaota ea prkm`aihs ea
sh`ue phrh `ks aip`aheks sg ok sa tkiho `hs iaegehs pravaotgvhs heajuhehs
ihotaoar a` juarpk jkosthotaiaota ao pksgjgúo ea pga supkoa uo drho asbuarzk
iusju`hr gipkrthota skmra tkek phrh `hs zkohs ea `h asph`eh, jua``k mrhzks y
pgarohs.

@ks easú
easúrea
reaoa
oass iu
iuas
asju`
ju`ka
kasqu
squa`
a`tgtgjk
jkss sa da
daoar
oarho
ho juh
juhoe
oek
k sa ea
eashr
shrrk
rk````ho
ho
pksgjgkoas ea pksturhs, asbuarzk, rapatgtgvgehe ea ikvgigaotks, hip`gtue hrtgju`hr 
y eurhjgúo < nuotk jko `h phrta bésgjh
bésgjh ea` trhmhnhekr , a` himgaota bésgjk y a` igsik
jkotaxtk skjgh` eho krgdao h uoh jhrdh bésgjh qua puaea ehr krgdao h juherks
ravarsgm`as jkik `h bhtgdh, chsth daoarhr uoh `asgúo grravarsgm`a.
 

  A` bhjt
bhjtkr
kr ea rga
rgasdk
sdk qua sa gea
geaotg
otgbgj
bgjh
h ao ouast
ouastrk
rk trhmh
trhmhnhekr as a` ea pksturh
nhekr
prk`kodheh< bkrzheh pkr qua tkeh ``h
h nkroheh `hmkrh` rah`gzh `h igsih hjtgvgehe
hjtgvgehe y
ikvgigaotk rapatgtgvk yh qua `ks rah`gzhr ikvgigaotks qua sa sh`ao ea `ks
èodu`ks ea jkobkrt y hotg drhvgthjgkoh` pkr qua eamao rah`gzhr buarzh iusju`hr ao
jkotrh ea `h buarzh ea `h drhvaehe y eama ikvarsa jkosthotaiaota phrh rajgmgr y
jhrdhr `hs mh`ekshs.

Za prasaotho easúreaoas iusju`k asqua`çtgjks ao a` eashrrk``k ea `h hjtgvgehe

qua raqugarao ikvgigaotks rapatgtgvks jhrdhoek `hs mh`ekshs y puaea daoarhr 
ao a` trhmhnhekr ea `h jkostrujjgúo aobariaeheas jkik sgokvgtgs.

Ao juhotk h` asbuarzk kmsarvh

kmsarvhiks
iks qua ouastr
ouastrk
k trhmhn
trhmhnhekr
hekr rah`gzh
rah`gzh pksgjg
pksgjgkoas
koas
bk
bkrz
rzheh
hehs,
s, ih
ihoa
oank
nk ea jhrd
jhrdhs
hs y ik
ikvg
vgig
igao
aotk
tkss rap
rapat
atgtgtgv
gvks
ks ao ek
ekoe
oea
a sa anarj
anarja
a
prasgúo y buarzh axjasgvh ao eatarigohehs hrtgju`hjgkoas qua jhush trhstkroks
ea tangeks m`hoeks qua jhusho phtk`kdéhs jkik `h Mursgtgs

@. Hp`gjhjgúo ea uo içtkek ea avh`uhjgúo> Juh` içtkek ea avh`uhjgúo hp`gjhréh h` jhsk;

 nustgbgqua su raspuasth.(Vhrh a` puotk @, taoar ao juaoth `h DQÉH UÇJOGJH ASVKZGJGÚO

BHJUK]AZ ]GAZDK KJQVHJGKOH@,
KJQVHJGKOH@, umgjheh ao `ks ekjuiaotks jkip`aiaothrgks)

A` prkm`aih ea sh`ue ihs brajuaota ea krgdao `hmkrh` sko `ks EIA easkreaoas iusju`k

asqua`çtgjks .Ao Jk`kimgh as `h prgiarh juhsh ea ikrmg`gehe prkbasgkoh` eghdokstgjheh.  Axgstao

vhrgheks içtkeks y tçjogjhs qua sko utg`gzheks ao `h avh`uhjgúo ea `ks rgasdks ra`hjgkoheks jko
EIA ao `ks `udhras ea trhmhnk, astks içtkeks astèo mhsheks ao juhtrk jrgtargks , ao ouastrk jhsk
ra`hjg
ra`hjgkohi
kohiks
ks uo içtkek
içtkek phrh jrg
jrgtar
targk ikvgig
gk ea ikvgigait
aitks
ks rap
rapatg
atgtgv
tgvks
ks ---
------
--- y uo içt
içtkek
kek phr
phrhh
avh`uhjgúo
avh`uhjgúo ea `avhot
`avhothigaot
higaotk
k y ihogpu`hjgúo
ihogpu`hjgúo ea jhrdhs  phrh vh`krhjgúo pksturh` a` Içtkek ea
Avh`uhjgúo ]Q@H (]hpge Qppar @gim Hssassiaot) ea` Gostgtutk ea Ardkokiéh Kjuphjgkoh` ea
God`htarrh y `h Qogvarsgehe ea Okttgodchi (877:), a` juh` jkosgsta ao vh`krhr `hs pksturhs ea`
igaimrk supargkr (`hs qua supkoao `h jhrdh pksturh` iès a`avheh) a goj`uya `hs ea` jua``k, trkojk
y pgarohs iaeghota uoh avh`uhjgúo gogjgh` rèpgeh ea `ks bhjtkras ea rgasdk qua phrh a` eashrrk``k
ea `asgkoas
`asgkoas iþsju`k-a
iþsju`k-asqua`
squa`çtgjh
çtgjhs>
s> iktgvk pkr a` juh` sa aobkjh prgojgph`ia
prgojgph`iaota
ota ao a` oþiark ea
 

ikvgigaotk
ikvgigaotks,
s, a` trhmh
trhmhnk
nk iusju`hr astèt
astètgjk,
gjk, `h buarzh
buarzh qua sa hp`gjh y `h pksturh ea trhmhnk, jko a`
bgo ea eatajthr `hs pksturhs ea trhmhnk.

Asta içtkek hp`gjh phrh ouastrk jhsk yh qua a` trhmhnhekr rah`ghzh su thrah jko ikvgigaotks
rapatgtgvks , pksturhs ea` igaimrk supargkr qua goj`uya `hs ea` jua``k, trkojk y pgarohs y asbuarzk

h`tk pkr jhrdh bésgjh drhoea .

O. A`hmkra uoh séotasgs taogaoek ao juaoth `ks puotks H h

`h @ y aigth pksgm`as rajkiaoehjgkoas mhshehs ao `hs DHUGZZU y

mgm`gkdrhbéh egspkogm`a. 
ao `h mgm`gkdrhbéh

I. Mgm`gkdrhbéh 

IjHUAIOAW, @. y JK]@AUU, A. O. ]Q@H. ‐H Zurvay Iatcke bkr tca Govastgdhtgko kb 

Tkrl]a`htae wgtc Qppar @gim Egskrears’, Hpp`gae Ardkokigjs, Qogvarsgty kb Okttgodchi. Rk`.
=5, Ok. =, pp. 78-77.

Duéh tçjogjh phrh a` hoè`gsgs ea axpksgjgúo h bhjtkras ea rgasdk kjuphjgkoh` ao a` prkjask ea

avh`uhjgúo phrh `h jh`gbgjhjgúo ea krgdao ea `h aobariaehe prkbasgkoh`
 

JKOJ@QZGKOAZ
 

MGM@GKD]HBÉH


Igogstargk ea Vrktajjgúo Zkjgh` (=664). Vrgiarh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas ea
Zh`ue y Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as (G AOJZU). Mkdktè,
Jk`kimgh.
 Igogstargk ea Vrktajjgúo Zkjgh` (=68:). Zaduoeh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas
ea Zh`ue y Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as (G AOJZU).
Mkdktè, Jk`kimgh.
 Igog
Igogst
star
argk
gk ea Urhm
Urhmhn
hnk
k (=68
(=681)
1) EQ
EQ]U
]U (E
(Eaj
ajra
ratk
tk Þo
Þogj
gjk
k ]a
]ad`
d`hi
hiao
aoth
thrg
rgk
k ea`
ea` Za
Zajt
jtkr 
kr 
Urhmhnk) / =681 cttps>//www.igotrhmhnk.dkv.jk
 Zhrhvgh Vgog``h Ihrtch A. (aoark =662).
=662). Ardkokiéh
 Ardkokiéh ea jkojapjgúo. Zu hp`gjhjgúo h`
egsaøk y ktr
egsaøk ktrks
ks prk
prkjas
jasks
ks prk
prkyaj
yajtuh
tuh`as
`as.. Aeg
Aegtkr
tkrgh`
gh` Vko
Vkotgb
tgbgjg
gjgh
h Qog
Qogvar
varsge
sgehe
he Nhv
Nhvarg
arghoh
hoh..
Mkdktè Jk`kimgh.
 GO
GOZU
ZUGU
GUQU
QUK
K JK
JK@K
@KIM
IMGH
GHOK
OK EA OK]I
OK]IHZ
HZ UÇJO
UÇJOGJ
GJHZ
HZ W JA]U
JA]UGB
GBGJ
GJHJ
HJGÚ
GÚO.
O.
(GJKOUAJ). OUJ-:711. Ardkokiéh Eabgogjgkoas y Jkojaptks Ardkoúigjks.
 GO
GOZU
ZUGU
GUQU
QUK
K JK
JK@K
@KIM
IMGH
GHOK
OK EA OK]I
OK]IHZ
HZ UÇJO
UÇJOGJ
GJHZ
HZ W JA]U
JA]UGB
GBGJ
GJHJ
HJGÚ
GÚO.
O.
(GJKOUAJ). OUJ-1211. Vrgojgpgks ea Egsaøk Ardkoúigjk ea Zgstaihs ea Urhmhnk.
=681-=.peb  cttps>//www.daraojga.jki/jh`gbgjhjgko-ea-`h-paregeh-ea-jhphjgehe-
cttps>//www.daraojga.jki/jh`gbgjhjgko-ea-`h-paregeh-ea-jhphjgehe-  
`hmkrh`.cti` ]ABA]AOJGHZ
`hmkrh`.cti` ]ABA]AOJGHZ MGM@GKD]HBGJHZ.
Igogstargk ea `h Vrktajjgúo Zkjgh` (=664). Vrgiarh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas ea
Zh`ue y Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as (G
AOJZU).
Mkdktè, Jk`kimgh.
Igogstargk ea` Urhmhnk (=68:). Zaduoeh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas ea
Zadurgehe y
Zh`ue ao a` Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as.
Mkdktè,
Jk`kimg
]ABA]AOJGHZ MGM@GKD]HBGJHZ.
Igogstargk ea `h Vrktajjgúo Zkjgh` (=664). Vrgiarh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas ea
Zh`ue y Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as (G
AOJZU).
Mkdktè, Jk`kimgh.
Igogstargk ea` Urhmhnk (=68:). Zaduoeh Aojuasth Ohjgkoh` ea Jkoegjgkoas ea
Zadurgehe y
 

Zh`ue ao a` Urhmhnk ao a` Zgstaih Daoarh` ea ]gasdks Vrkbasgkoh`as.

Mkdktè,
Jk`kimVrgojgpgks ea Egsaøk Ardkoúigjk ea Zgstaihs ea Urhmhnk.