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EXAMPLES x + 11 = 5x – 25
3x + x = 13 – 5 –4x = –36
LHS = RHS, when x = 36. Ex.15 Mona's father is thrice as old as Mona. After
12 years, his age will be twice that of his
APPLICATION OF EQUATIONS daughter. Find their present ages.
Sol. Let Mona's present age be x years.
If a problem on numbers is given, we shall first
translate it in the form of an equation and then Then, her father's present age = 3x years.
solve it. Mona's age after 12 years = (x + 12) years
EXAMPLES Mona's father's age after 12 years = (3x + 12)
years
Ex.12 If 5 is subtracted from three times a number,
the result is 16. Find the number. 3x + 12 = 2(x + 12)
Sol. Let the required number be x. Then, 3x + 12 = 2x + 24
3x – 5 = 16 3x – 2x = 24 – 12
3x = 16 + 5 [on transposing – 5 to RHS] [transposing 2x to LHS and 12 to RHS]
3x = 21 x = 12
x=7 [dividing both sides by 3] Mona's present age = 12 years
Hence, the required number is 7. And, her father's present age
Ex.13 Find two numbers such that one of them = (3 × 12) years = 36 years.
exceeds the other by 9 and their sum is 81.
Sol. Let the smaller number be x.
Then, the other number = (x + 9)
x + (x + 9) = 81 2x + 9 = 81
2x = 81 – 9 [on transposing 9 to RHS]
EXERCISE # 1
Q.1 Write each of the following statements as an x
(vi) 4
equation 3
(i) 5 times a number equals 40. (vii) 2x – 3 = 9
(ii) A number increased by 8 equals 15. 1
(viii) x 7 11
(iii) 25 exceeds a number by 7. 2
(iv) A number exceeds 5 by 3. (ix) 2y + 4 = 3y
(v) 5 subtracted from thrice a number is 16. (x) z – 3 = 2z – 5
(vi) If 12 is subtracted from a number, the result
Solve each of the following equations and
is 24.
verify the answer in each cases :
(vii)Twice a number subtracted from 19 is 11.
Q.5 x + 5 = 12
(viii) A number divided by 8 gives 7.
(ix) 3 less than 4 times a number is 17. Q.6 x + 3 = –2
(x) 6 times a number is 5 more than the
number. Q.7 x–7=6
Q.9 Find two numbers such that one of them is five Q.21 The number of boys in a school is 334 more
times the other and their difference is 132. than the number of girls. If the total strength
of the school is 572, find the number of girls
Q.10 The sum of two consecutive even numbers is
in the school.
74. Find the numbers.
Q.22 The length of a rectangular park is thrice its
Q.11 The sum of three consecutive odd numbers is
breadth. If the perimeter of the park is 168
21. Find the numbers.
metres, find its dimensions.
Q.12 Reena is 6 years older than her brother Ajay.
Q.23 The length of a rectangular hall is 5 metres
If the sum of their ages is 28 years, what are
more than its breadth. If the perimeter of the
their present ages ?
hall is 74 meters, find its length and breadth.
Q.13 Deepak is twice as old as his brother Vikas. If
Q.24 A wire of length 86 cm is bent in the form of
the difference of their ages be 11 years, find
a rectangle such that its length is 7 cm more
their present ages?
than its breadth. Find the length and the
Q.14 Mrs Goel is 27 years older than her daughter breadth of the rectangle so formed.
Rekha. After 8 years she will be twice as old
as Rekha. Find their present ages.
ANSWER KEY
1. 27 2. 25 3. 20 4. 37, 38, 39 5. 13
6. 15 7. 37, 55 8. 31, 93 9. 33, 165 10. 36, 38
11. 5, 7, 9
12. Ajay's age = 11 years, Reena's age = 17 years 13. 22 years, 11 years
14. 46 years, 19 years 15. 32 years, 8 years
16. 45 years, 15 years 17. 8 years
18. 18 years 19. 80 and 20
20. j 8.50 21. 119
22. l = 63 m, b = 21 m 23. l = 21 m, b = 16 m
24. l = 25 cm, b = 18 cm