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CHEMISTRY UNIT 1 MUF0041

SAMPLE EXAMINATION 2011
Question and Answer Booklet
Reading Time: 15 minutes
Writing Time: 2 hours
Structure of the Examination
Section Number of Questions Marks % of Total
Questions to be answered per Section Marks

A 20 ALL 20 22
B 6 ALL 70 78
Materials Permitted
An Approved calculator, which may include a graphics calculator (memory cleared), is
allowed.
Directions to Candidates

There is a Multiple Choice Answer Sheet (page 27) and two Data Sheets (Page 25
and 26) at the back of this Question and Answer Booklet. These may be
removed.
Instructions for Section A are on page 2 of this Booklet.
Instructions for Section B are on page 9 of this Booklet.
Please fill in your details and place the completed Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
behind the cover of this Booklet.

Candidates are to fill in the following

Family Name: ……………..………………………………………………………..…

Given Name(s): ……………………………………………………………………….
ID Number: ……………………………………………….…………………………...
Candidate’s signature: ………………...……………….…………..............................
Location: ……………………………………………………………………………….
 SECTION A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Instructions for Section A

Section A consists of twenty multiple choice questions and is worth 20 marks or 22 % of the
total marks available for this examination.
You should therefore spend about 25 minutes on Section A.
Answer all Questions.
Indicate your responses by circling the letter corresponding to the correct
alternative on the answer sheet provided on page 28.
Choose only ONE alternative for each question. No marks will be awarded if more than one
alternative is selected for a question.

Question 1
The mass number of element X is 28. X forms a cation with a charge of +3. If the number of
neutrons in an atom of X is 15, how many electrons are present in the cation?
A. 8
B. 10
C. 13
D. 16

Question 2

What mass of neon (in grams) contains the same number of molecules as 30.0 L of nitrogen
at STP?
A. 14.9
B. 27.0
C. 33.6
D. 1.3 x 6.02 x 1023

Page 2 of 27
Question 3
When looking for patterns amongst the elements, Dobereiner identified groups of three
elements which he designated as ‘triads’.
Which of the following sets of elements would be classified as ‘triads’?
I. Li, Na, K
II. Ca, Sr, Ba
III. F, Br, I
IV. Al, Si, P

A. I and II only
B. I, II and III only
C. II, III and IV only
D. III and IV only

Question 4
This spectrum is produced when an excited hydrogen atom returns to its ground state:

On examining this spectrum, which of the following statements describes what the scientist
Neils Bohr concluded about the structure of the atom?
A. Most of the mass of the atom is located in the nucleus.
B. Electrons move around the nucleus of the atom in certain fixed paths.
C. Electrons are found in regions of space around the nucleus called orbitals.
D. Neutrons have about the same mass as protons and are also in the nucleus.

Question 5
The type of spectrum shown in Question 4 could best be identified as
A. Emission.
B. Ultraviolet-visible.
C. Absorption.
D. Red-violet.

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This information is for Questions 6 and 7:
Lead sulfide (PbS) can be used to extract lead (Pb) according to this reaction:

2PbS(s) + 2C(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Pb(s) + 2CO(g) + 2SO2(g)

Question 6
When 1.0 mole of each reactant are mixed and allowed to react completely

A. ⅓ mole of O2 is in excess.
B. ⅔ mole of Pb is in excess.
C. 1 mole of O2 is in excess.
D. ⅓ mole of C is in excess.

Question 7
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the reaction used to extract lead?
A. Sulfur is oxidised and carbon is an oxidant.
B. Oxygen is reduced and sulfur is an oxidant.
C. Lead is reduced and sulfur is a reductant.
D. Carbon is oxidised and lead is a reductant.

Question 8
The industrial production of ethene is shown in this diagram:

For a sustainable future, industries are encouraged to use green chemistry principles in the
production of chemicals. Which of the following actions complies least with these principles?
A. Cooling the hot water in large ponds before its release into natural waterways.
B. Using hydrogen and methane gases from the quench tower as fuels in the furnace.
C. Feeding any unreacted ethane gas back into the feedstock for steam cracking.
D. Controlling reaction times in the furnace to stop certain organic products forming.

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Question 9
The electron configurations of some elements are shown in the table. Which of the following
shows an element located in the incorrect block?

A. s-block 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1
B. d-block 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2
C. f-block 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d104f15s25p66s2
D. p-block 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2 4p3

This information is for Questions 10, 11 and 12:

The waste liquid remaining after chromium plating an object contains chromium as Cr3+(aq)
and as [CrO4]2-(aq). The waste liquid is treated before disposal by reducing [CrO4]2-(aq) to
Cr3+(aq) and then precipitating all of the Cr3+(aq) :
Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → Cr(OH)3(s)

Question 10
What mass (in grams) of Cr(OH)3(s) will be formed in 1 L of the waste liquid if the initial
concentrations of [CrO4]2-(aq) and Cr3+(aq) were 1.5 x 10-4 M and 2.5 x 10-4 M respectively?
A. 0.041
B. 0.24
C. 1.3
D. 7.2
Question 11
The reduction of [CrO4]2-(aq) occurs under acidic conditions. For this reduction half-reaction,
the ratio of n(H+) to n(e-) is
A. 8:3
B. 2:5
C. 3:4
D. 4:3
Question 12
The concentration of chromium ions in the waste liquid could be accurately determined using
A. High pressure liquid chromatography.
B. Mass spectrometry.
C. Gas chromatography.
D. Atomic absorption spectroscopy.

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Question 13
The boiling points of the first seven members in two homologous series are displayed in this
graph:

The homologous series labelled as Q is most likely to be

A. Alkenes.
B. Chloroalkanes.
C. Esters.
D. Alcohols.

Question 14
Two elements, Y and Z, react to form the ionic compound Y2Z3. The electron configuration
of one of the elements is 1s22s22p4. The electron configuration of the other element is likely
to be:
A. 1s22s1
B. 1s22s22p63s2
C. 1s22s22p63s23p1
D. 1s22s22p63s23p5

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Question 15
An enzyme from the human body is heated to 80°C. Which of the following would be
disrupted?
A. Primary and secondary structures only
B. Secondary and tertiary structures only
C. Tertiary and primary structures only
D. Primary, secondary and tertiary structures

Question 16
Consider the systematic names of these organic compounds:
I. 2,2-dimethylbutane
II. 3-methylpentane
III. 2,3-dimethylbutane
Which of the following hydrocarbons is NOT named in the list I to III?
A. CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3
B. CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3
C. CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3
D. CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3

Question 17
Two isotopes of uranium are 235U and 238U. Which of the following statements about these
isotopes is CORRECT?
A. Uncharged atoms of these isotopes have the same number of electrons but a
different number of protons.
B. As they are isotopes of the same element, 235U and 238U must have an identical
oxidation number in similar compounds.
C. It is always true that the heavier isotope has a greater number of neutrons than the
lighter isotope.
D. Both isotopes will have the same number of nuclear particles and the same magnitude
of nuclear charge.

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This information is for Questions 18 to 20:
The levels of sulfur trioxide gas in the waste gas from a sulfuric acid plant were monitored by
converting SO3(g) in a 50 L sample of waste gas to sulfate ions by reaction with sodium
hydroxide solution:
SO3(g) + 2OH-(aq) → SO42-(aq) + H2O(l).
The sulfate ions were precipitated as barium sulfate (BaSO4) by the addition of 1.80 M
barium chloride solution in excess. The precipitate was washed, dried and weighed.

Question 18
If the barium sulfate precipitate weighed 3.84 g, then the mass of SO3(g) in the 50 L sample of
waste gas is
A. 0.0165 g
B. 0.0263 g
C. 0.0296 g
D. 1.32 g

Question 19
The analysis was repeated on five separate 50 L samples. One result was significantly lower
than the others. Which of the following could explain this lower result?
A. The concentration of the barium chloride solution was too high.
B. The precipitate was not dried fully before it was weighed.
C. There was an incomplete reaction using the sodium hydroxide solution.
D. The precipitate was not washed with distilled water sufficiently.

Question 20
After each determination was made and before reuse, the reaction vessels were washed with
water thoroughly but not dried. From this situation, it could be concluded that the calculated
results would be
A. Too high.
B. Unaffected.
C. Too low.
D. Impossible to predict from the information given.

Page 8 of 27
 SECTION B
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Instructions for Section B

Section B consists of 6 questions and is worth 70 marks or 78 % of the total marks available for this
examination. You should therefore spend about 95 minutes on section B. The marks allotted to each
question are indicated.
Answers to these questions must be written in the spaces provided in this Booklet.
You should show all working in numerical problems. No credit can be given for incorrect answers
unless they are accompanied by details of working, but credit may be given if details are provided.
Numerical answers should be stated to an appropriate number of significant figures and units must be
included. Equations should be balanced, and symbols of state given unless indicated otherwise.
Penalties will be applied if this information is not provided.

Question 1
Vinegar is an aqueous solution of ethanoic acid (CH3COOH). To determine the ethanoic acid
content in a sample of vinegar, the following procedure was used:

 14.37 g of the primary standard H2C2O4.2H2O was dissolved in 250 mL of distilled

water to make a standard solution of oxalic acid (H2C2O4(aq))

 20.00 mL aliquots of NaOH(aq) solution were titrated with the oxalic acid solution:
H2C2O4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2H2O(l) + Na2C2O4(aq)
Average titre: 16.95 mL H2C2O4(aq)

 20.00 mL aliquots of vinegar solution were titrated with the standardised NaOH(aq):
CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) → CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)
Average titre: 21.30 mL NaOH(aq)

(a) Calculate the molarity of the standard oxalic acid solution, H2C2O4(aq). (2 marks)

Question 1 continues on the next page

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(b) Calculate the molarity of the standardised sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq).
(3 marks)

(c) Calculate the concentration of ethanoic acid in the vinegar. Express the answer in grams
of ethanoic acid per 100 mL of vinegar (g/100 mL). (3 marks)

(d) Solid sodium hydroxide cannot be used as a primary standard. Explain why. (1 mark)

(e) After the sodium hydroxide solution was standardised, the glassware was washed
thoroughly with water in preparation for the next set of titrations. To ensure accuracy, the wet
glassware may need to be rinsed with particular solutions before reuse. Tick one box in each
row to show which solution should be used to rinse each piece of wet glassware:

Glassware used for Standardised NaOH The glassware can be

vinegar titrations solution Vinegar solution left wet with water
20.00 mL pipette
Burette
(2 marks)
Total 11 marks

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Question 2

Biomolecules are compounds found in all living things and have important roles in their
functioning.
(a) A simplified image of part of a DNA molecule is shown below:

i. The numbered boxes represent three nitrogenous bases. Identify base number 2.
(1 mark)

ii. On the diagram, draw a circle around a nucleotide. (1 mark)

iii. What do the dotted lines represent in the diagram? (1 mark)

iv. Analysis of human DNA can be used to establish the identity of a person in a
process known as DNA profiling. Outline one significant beneficial effect of this
technology on society. (1 mark)

Question 2 continues on the next page

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(b) Glucose and fructose can react together to produce the disaccharide sucrose. The
molecular formula of both glucose and fructose is C6H12O6.

i. To what biomolecule group do glucose, fructose and sucrose all belong? (1mark)

ii. Give the molecular formula of sucrose. (1 mark)

iii. Name the functional group in both glucose and fructose which interact to produce
the linkage between them. (1 mark)

iv. Name the linkage referred to in part (b)iii. (1 mark)

(c) Alanine and glycine are 2-amino acids which differ in structure only by the side chain or
Z group. For alanine the Z group is -CH3 and for gylcine it is –H.

i. Draw the structural formula of a dipeptide formed from a glycine molecule and an
alanine molecule. Show all bonds. (2 marks)

ii. Draw a circle showing the peptide bond in the drawing for part (c)i. (1 mark)

Total 11 marks

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Question 3

Experimental investigations were conducted on the hydrocarbon butane (C4H10).

(a) By changing the conditions, different products from cracking reactions of butane can be
observed. The products are represented by letters:
Reaction1: CH3CH2CH2CH3 → P + Q
Reaction 2: CH3CH2CH2CH3→ R + S
Reaction 3: CH3CH2CH2 CH3 → T + U

Further experiments were undertaken to identify these products and revealed this
information:
P + Br2 → CH2BrCHBrCH2CH3

R + H2O → CH3CH2OH

In the presence of UV light: T + Cl2 → CH3Cl + product W

Product W does not contain carbon.

i. From the information provided, give the semistructural formula of each compound:
(4 marks)
P:
Q:
R:
T:

ii. Under certain conditions, compound U will undergo addition polymerisation. What
feature of the molecule will allow addition polymerisation to occur? (1 mark)

iii. Write a balanced chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of

compound S where carbon monoxide (CO) is a product rather than carbon dioxide.
Include symbols of state. (2 marks)

Question 3 continues on the next page

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(b) In a series of chemical reactions, butane can be converted to 1-butanol. Using a suitable
oxidising agent, oxidation of this alcohol will produce a carboxylic acid.
i. Write the formula of an oxidising agent which can easily be used in a laboratory.
(1 mark)

ii. Draw the structural formula of the carboxylic acid, showing all bonds. (1 mark)

iii. Give the name of the carboxylic acid. (1 mark)

Total 10 marks

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Question 4
(a) A compound in a mixture of organic chemicals is found to contain 62.1% by mass of
carbon and 27.6% by mass of oxygen, with the remainder being hydrogen. Determine the
empirical formula of this compound. (3 marks)

(b) The compound is a liquid at room temperature but is a gas at 140°C. It is found that
0.418 g of the compound occupies 247 mL at 140°C and 100 000 Pa. Deduce the molecular
formula of the compound. (3 marks)

Question 4 continues on the next page

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(c) All of the organic chemicals in the mixture were identified by instrumental analysis. The
concentration of one component in the mixture, acetone, was to be determined using gas-
liquid chromatography (GLC). The following chromatogram of the mixture was obtained:

i. Which compound has least attraction to the stationary phase? (1 mark)

ii. Which of the following gases would not be used as a carrier gas in this GLC? Circle
any of these gases which would not be used: (1 mark)

NITROGEN FLUORINE OXYGEN HELIUM

iii. By ticking the appropriate boxes, show which of the following would remain
unchanged if a different carrier gas was used in this GLC. (1 mark)

Order of elution from the column

Retention times of the components
Peak height of each component
Peak area of each component

Question 4 continues on the next page

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(d) A series of standard acetone samples of various concentrations was run through the GLC
column under the same conditions. The area under the peak for each standard sample was
calculated and the results were plotted in this calibration graph:

Determine the percentage (m/v) of acetone in the original mixture if the peak area at a
retention time of 80 seconds was calculated to be 11000. (1 mark)

Question 4 continues on the next page

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(e) Another technique used in chemical analysis is High Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC).
i. By ticking one box in each row, indicate which of the analytical techniques could
be used for the analysis of the substances listed. (2 marks)

Substances GLC only HPLC only Both HPLC and GLC

Components of petrol
Mixture of sugars

ii. Explain your reasoning for each choice. (2 marks)

Components of petrol:

Mixture of sugars:

(f) A particular mixture can be analysed by both GLC and HPLC. Outline one advantage in
using GLC for the analysis rather than HPLC. (1 mark)

Total 15 marks

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Question 5
Diesel oil is extracted by the fractional distillation of crude oil and is used mainly as an
energy source in buses, trucks and heavy machinery.

(a) One compound in the diesel oil fraction is an alkane with a molar mass of 254 g/mol.
Write the molecular formula of this compound. (1 mark)

(b) The diagram below shows a tower used in the fractional distillation process. Crude oil
enters the tower at P.

i. Circle one of the letters below to indicate where the diesel oil is mostly likely to be
collected from the tower. (1 mark)

R S T V

ii. Explain the reasoning for your answer in part (b)i. (2 marks)

Question 5 continues on the next page

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(c) Biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel to diesel oil and is produced from palm oil. A
carboxylic acid, palmitic acid, is removed from palm oil in a hydrolysis reaction as shown:

Palm oil + reactant A → palmitic acid + glycerol

i. Identify reactant A (1 mark)

The palmitic acid is reacted with reactant B in an esterification reaction to produce biodiesel:

Palmitic acid(l) + reactant B(l) → CH3(CH2)14COOCH3(l) + H2O(l)

ii. Give the molecular formula of each reactant.

Palmitic acid:
Reactant B:
(2 marks)

iii. Diesel oil extracted from crude oil is a limited resource whereas biodiesel is
renewable. Identify a disadvantage for society of using biodiesel made from palm oil.
(1 mark)

Question 5 continues on the next page

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(d) Consider the information in the table below:

Fatty acid Type of fatty acid Melting point (°C)

Palmitic acid Saturated 63
Palmitoleic acid Unsaturated 1

i. The fatty acids in the table have almost identical molar masses. In terms of structure
and bonding, explain why the melting point of palmitoleic acid is so low compared to
palmitic acid. (2 marks)

ii. Palmitoleic acid can be converted to a saturated molecule by reaction with

hydrogen gas in the presence of a metallic catalyst. Converting 1.5 mole of
palmitoleic acid to a saturated molecule requires 36.75 L of H2 gas at SLC. Determine
the number of carbon to carbon double bonds in a molecule of palmitoleic acid.
(2 marks)

Total 12 marks

Page 21 of 27
Question 6
The Periodic Table provides chemists with an important framework in the study of chemistry.

(a) The following graphs show the variation in particular properties within a period or group
of the Periodic Table:

Select which graph best represents the trends below and write the appropriate letter (A, B or
C) in the space provided. (3 marks)
i. atomic radii from Cl to Si (Cl, S, P Si) ________
ii. electronegativity from Te to O (Te, Se, S, O) ________
iii. number of electrons in the sequence Mg2+, Na+, Ne ________

(b) These factual statements relate to the modern Periodic Table. Tick only those statements
describing properties Mendeleev used as a basis for developing his periodic table in 1871.
(1 mark)

Elements in the same vertical group have similar properties

The elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
Elements in the same horizontal period have the same number of shells
Properties of an element can be predicted by examining the properties of other
nearby elements
Electron configurations of the elements are used to place them into vertical groups

Question 6 continues on the next page

Page 22 of 27
(c) An unusual version of the modern Periodic Table is shown below in incomplete form. It is
described as the orbital periodic table.

i. Place the symbols for the elements phosphorus, silicon and chlorine in their correct
positions on the table. (1 mark)

ii. Place the symbol for copper in its correct place on the table. (1 mark)

iii. Write the electron configuration to subshell level of the element which is labelled
as X in the table: _____________________________ (1 mark)

iv. Place the symbol Y in the correct position of the element with the ground state
electron configuration with this ending: 5s24d105p2 (1 mark)

v. Shade all of the elements of the ‘lanthanide’ series. (1 mark)

Question 6 continues on the next page

Page 23 of 27
(d) Explain why the orbital periodic table (shown in part c.) could only be developed after
the formulation of the quantum mechanical model of the atom. (2 marks)

Total 11 marks

End of Examination

Page 24 of 27
 MONASH UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION YEAR
CHEMISTRY DATA SHEET

The Electrochemical Series E° in Volt

H2O2 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e-  2H2O(l) +1.77
MnO4-(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e-  Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O(l) +1.52
Cr2O72-(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6e-  2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O(l) +1.36
Cl2(g) + 2e-  2Cl-(aq) +1.36
+ -
O2(g) + 4H (aq) + 4e  2H2O(l) +1.23
- -
Br2(g) + 2e  2Br (aq) +1.09
+ -7 -
O2(g) + 4H (aq) [10 M] + 4e  2H2O(l) +0.82
Ag+(aq) + e-  Ag(s) +0.80
Fe3+(aq) + e-  Fe2+(aq) +0.77
O2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2e-  H2O2(aq) +0.68
I2(aq) + 2e-  2I-(aq) +0.54
2+ -
Cu (aq) + 2e  Cu(s) +0.34
Sn4+(aq) + 2e-  Sn2+(aq) +0.15
S(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2e-  H2S(g) +0.14
2H+(aq) + 2e-  H2(g) (defined) 0.00
Pb2+(aq) + 2e-  Pb(s) -0.13
Sn2+(aq) + 2e-  Sn(s) -0.14
Ni2+(aq) + 2e-  Ni(s) -0.25
Cd2+(aq) + 2e-  Cd(s) -0.40
2H2O(l) + 2e-  H2(g) + 2OH-(aq) [10-7 M] -0.41
Fe2+(aq) + 2e-  Fe(s) -0.44
Zn2+(aq) + 2e-  Zn(s) -0.76
2H2O(l) + 2e-  H2(g) + 2OH-(aq) -0.83
Mn2+(aq) + 2e-  Mn(s) -1.18
Al3+(aq) + 3e-  Al(s) -1.67
Mg2+(aq) + 2e-  Mg(s) -2.34
Na+(aq) + e-  Na(s) -2.71
Ca2+(aq) + 2e-  Ca(s) -2.87
K+(aq) + e-  K(s) -2.93
Li+(aq) + e-  Li(s) -3.02

Page 25 of 27
Physical constants
R = 8.31 J/K/mol Ideal gas equation
1 atm = 101 325 Pa = 760 mmHg pV = nRT
0ºC = 273 K
Molar volume at STP = 22.4L/mol
Molar volume at SLC = 24.5L/mol
Avogadro constant = 6.02 x 1023 /mol
Faraday constant = 96500 C/mol

Page 26 of 27
 TOTAL MARKS [ ]
(Marker use only)

CHEMISTRY UNIT 1 MUF0041

Section A: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet

Candidates are to fill in the following

Family Name: ……………..……………………………………………………………………………….

Given Name (s): ……………………………………………………………………………………………
ID Number: ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Candidate’s signature: ……………...…………………………………………………………………….
Location: ………………………………………………………………………………….……………….

1. 11.
A B C D A B C D

2. 12.
A B C D A B C D

3. 13.
A B C D A B C D

4. 14.
A B C D A B C D

5. 15.
A B C D A B C D

6. 16.
A B C D A B C D

7. 17.
A B C D A B C D

8. 18.
A B C D A B C D

9. 19.
A B C D A B C D

10. 20.
A B C D A B C D

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