Project Title:

“PROPOSED PHILIPPINE SPORTS HUB”

Submitted by:
Tristan Jerald B. Bechayda

Submitted to:
Ar. Adrian Lagua
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Catalog
I. PD 1096: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (NBC) DESIGN REFERENCE................................................4

A. SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy.......................................................................4

B. SECTION 1207. Stairs, Exits, and Occupant Loads................................................................4

C. OCCUPANCY USE AND PARKING REQUIREMENT:................................................................5

D. EXIT.......................................................................................................................................5

II. BP 344: ACCESSIBILITY LAW DESIGN REFERENCE........................................................................6

A. Accessible Ramps.................................................................................................................6

B. Parking..................................................................................................................................8

C. Outside and Around Buildings............................................................................................10

III. RA 9514: FIRE CODE DESIGN REFERENCE.................................................................................10

Occupant Load................................................................................................................10

Measurement of Means of Egress..................................................................................11

Minimum Width..............................................................................................................11

Number of Means of Egress............................................................................................11

Arrangement of Exit........................................................................................................12

Dead-End Limits..............................................................................................................13

Measurement of Travel Distance to Exits.......................................................................13

 Access to Exits.................................................................................................................14

Exterior Ways of Exit Access...........................................................................................14

IV. SPACE REQUIREMENT REFERENCE: TIME SAVERS...................................................................15

PLAY FLOOR SURFACE.....................................................................................................16

PUBLIC TOILET.................................................................................................................16

SEATING...........................................................................................................................17

CONCESSIONS..................................................................................................................17

GRAPHICS........................................................................................................................18

PRESS FACILITIES.............................................................................................................18

EMPLOYEE TOILETS/LOCKERS.........................................................................................19

TELEVISION BROADCASTING...........................................................................................19

CONCESSION /VENDORS'STORAGE.................................................................................19

PUBLIC/PRIVATE CLUBS...................................................................................................19

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES..............................................................................................20

LOCKER AND DRESSING ROOMS.....................................................................................20

TICKETING FACILITIES......................................................................................................21

STORAGE.........................................................................................................................21

V. DESIGN CONSIDERATION...................................................................................................21

TENNIS...........................................................................................................................22

VI. DESIGN PROCESS................................................................................................................27

 FINAL RESEARCH WORK
I. Introduction

All design must meet a number of standards in terms of both forms and function,
which might feel constraining in the short term. If we are talking about Architectural Design,
there are a lot of details and features that forges ahead in designing architectural related
project. Processes in the field of architectural projects were conducted based on thorough
steps and carefully managed throughout for safety and day to day comfort.

Civic and commercial architecture projects each have unique needs. A building
meant to hold thousands of fans will be more complex than something like a retail store
designed for a few hundred people. Sports facilities are not only massive, but they require
different materials and strategies in different areas. Some parts of the facility must be
strong enough to hold heavy equipment and work vehicles, while others must be set up for
professional sports. The role of an architect is to gauge the challenges of a project and guide
things along on schedule. A professional in sports architecture will know how to plan this
complex project.

The design of a sports facility is quite specific. These structures must be visually
appealing and capable of hosting major athletic events that will attract, entertain, and meet
the needs of tens of thousands of visitors. A modern and eye-catching exterior design is
essential, and architects can advise on how to make a building look the part. Everything
from the facility's location to the materials used can have an impact on the construction
process. As the amount of space and seating increases, so does the amount of support
required to ensure structural integrity. Certain environmentally friendly materials can help
sports facilities save money. This is a great option to consider for corporations or
municipalities focusing on green initiatives in their building projects.
 II. Objective

The main focus of this study is all about designing a functional and pleasing looking
Philippines Sports Hub with other several health services.

With proper space planning and strategies, it is expected to provide productive and
remarkable space for sports and other services and experiences to the fans, consumers or
even the coordinators, while still considering the modernized aesthetics as well as the
proper implementation of laws with respect to functionality and accessibility.

The design problem carries a problem that requires a solution by considering major
factors that affects the design. Based on the design problem given there are three major
majors that are crucial to the design solution—; and (1) the building codes and laws and
design standards; (2) the client’s requirements and (3) the site consideration.

III. Design Consideration

If your business or group is planning to build a sports complex, there are a few
important elements to consider. Many of these elements, such as determining the sorts of
sports your facility will host and determining your user-wants, base's will all play a role in
your design selections. Before you begin contacting contractors to create the complex,
you'll need to have a basic knowledge of what makes these facilities stand out to users.

Choose which activities will take place at your sports facility. The first step in building
your sports complex will be to decide what activities will take place there. You may start
building your sports complex architectural design concept after you know the sports you
want people to play at your facility.

Because each activity requires a certain kind of field or court, you must ensure that your
sports complex has sufficient space and facilities.
 Consider the following sports and how they could fit into the architecture of your
outdoor or indoor sports facility:

 Baseball

Baseball fields are a common option for most sports complexes since it is one of the
most popular sports in the U.S. However, keep in mind that various age groups and leagues
need different sized fields, so you may want to plan on having several.

 Basketball

Basketball is played everywhere, from single-hoop communities to full-fledged facilities.

Basketball courts may be found in a number of sports facilities since the game can be played
both outside on concrete surface and inside on customized wood flooring. Basketball courts
are a great addition to any sports complex since they can be utilized for casual games, local
leagues, and competitions.

 Soccer

Though it is sometimes overshadowed by baseball, basketball, and football in terms of

the attention paid to its professional leagues, soccer is still a tremendously popular sport.
Soccer fields at sports complexes are used by youth leagues, schools, and other groups. A
high school field will be 100 to 120 yards long and 55 to 80 yards wide, so make sure you
have enough of room outside.

 Football

Because football is a high-contact activity, you may or may not want to have it at your
sports complex. A completely painted field with end-zones, if included, might be a fan
favorite of milder variants of the game like flag football or touch football. The field is also
suitable for activities such as Ultimate Frisbee, making it a flexible addition to your complex.

 Racquetball

Racquetball courts may be found both inside and outdoors around the country. The
game has two to four players bouncing balls off walls in an attempt to gain points. The walls
 of a court should be roughly 20 feet high, 40 feet long and 20 feet wide. Because there are
certain variations between indoor and outdoor courts, every sports complex must
accommodate for those variables.

 Tennis

Tennis may be played on a number of surfaces, although the most frequent are clay,
grass, hard, and carpet courts. Hard courts are often considered the best because of their
simplicity of care, durability, and user-friendliness.

In addition to deciding which games will be played at your sports complex and making
sure you have enough space for the necessary fields and courts, your complex will need to
think about adding facilities that complement the sports being played.

Locker rooms are popular in sports complexes because they provide athletes with a safe
place to store their belongings while they play the game. These locker rooms are frequently
combined with bathrooms to provide visitors with a private space to use the restroom,
shower, and change. Of course, bathrooms are required throughout your sports complex to
ensure that visitors' needs are met.

Pools are frequently an amenity that attracts more people to a sports complex for the
more ambitious facilities. Pools can be both indoors and outdoors, with areas for people to
sunbathe and relax around them. Indoor athletic facilities with weights and other workout
machines are also available at some sports complexes.

The people you want to attract to your sports complex will have a large influence on the
amenities you choose. Ensure that your sports complex has the necessary facilities, courts,
and other amenities to provide your target audience with the best possible experience.

Consider the requirements of both players and spectators.

 Knowing how to start a sports facility is frequently determined by the types of people
who will use it. In general, your facilities will be used on a regular basis by players,
spectators, and staff. To provide the best experience for all of these groups, your athletic
complex design considerations should take into account all of your users' different needs.
The following are some of the most important user groups to consider:

• Players: Having the necessary courts, fields, and equipment is critical to player
satisfaction. Basketball players, for example, are unlikely to visit your complex if there is
only one basket, as they prefer a full-court with two baskets. Aside from having high-quality
game areas, you should consider whether players will require changing areas, locker rooms,
and specialty parking, among other amenities.

• Spectators: While players often receive the most attention, it's also important to consider
your spectators' comfort and needs. Complexes that regularly host tournaments and other
crowd-drawing events should consider adding fan seating, accessible parking for large buses
or vans, snack booths, and conveniently located parking.

• Members: Your members will be a more discerning user base than regular spectators or
players who may visit your facility as guests or at tournaments. Even when tournaments are
taking place, your members will most likely expect fitness facilities to be available. They'll
also expect a smooth check-in process, convenient parking, clean locker rooms, and other
conveniences.

To aid your design, consider the following questions when determining how to best
improve your visitors' experiences and meet their needs:

• Who will make use of this complex?

• What types of sports will be played here?

• Will memberships be available?

• Are the facilities inside or outside? Both?

• What will enhance the experience of an attendee?

• How many fields/courts should there be for each sport?

While these are not exhaustive, try to be reflective and ask questions that will help you
anticipate the needs of users before they express them.

Other factors to consider when designing an athletic facility include turf, lighting, and
parking.

People who understand how to construct a sports complex understand the importance
of paying attention to detail. These particulars include your complex's turf, parking, and
lighting. When designing your facility, failing to consider these and other factors can have a
negative impact on the visitor's experience. Consider the following reasons why you should
include turf, lighting, and parking in your design:

Turf

It is critical to select the right turf for your complex. Turf fields are used for a variety of
sports, including soccer, lacrosse, baseball, and football. You'll have several options when it
comes to turf, including real grass or a type of artificial turf.

Learn more about the advantages and disadvantages of natural grass versus field turf:

1. Organic Grass

Natural grass is a popular turf option. Some athletes prefer natural grass because it is a
softer surface with more give, making it easier on an athlete's joints and knees. According to
one study, natural grass is safer than artificial turf when playing sports like football.
 The disadvantages of natural grass are related to its durability and performance in
inclement weather. Natural grass, for example, can become muddy and slick, making it
difficult to play on and increasing the risk of injury. Even in ideal conditions, natural grass
requires consistent maintenance because it can grow too tall or get kicked up. Those who
use natural grass for turf will have to replant it, water it, and mow it on a regular basis.

2. 2. Sports Turf

Field turf is one of the more recent artificial surfaces on which sports complexes and
professional teams rely. This type of artificial turf attempts to replicate the feel of natural
grass. Because it is made of polyethylene blades and crumb rubber, it is softer than other
turf options. You won't have to worry about mowing because it's artificial, and its irrigation
systems will handle any draining that would normally impede a natural grass field, resulting
in lower maintenance costs.

Because of its low maintenance costs, this type of artificial surface also saves money. If
you're trying to be more environmentally friendly at your facility, one major advantage of
field turf is that you don't have to waste any water that would otherwise be used to water
natural grass all year.

One disadvantage of playing on field turf is how hot it can get. Turf has been reported to
raise the temperature to 120 degrees on a 98-degree day. Furthermore, due to the
polyethylene plastic used for the blades, some bacteria can survive on turf for more than 90
days. If a facility does not regularly wash their turf, this can be a health and safety issue.

Lighting

Outdoor lighting is especially important if you plan to host games in the evening. Many
people enjoy playing sports late at night, particularly high-cardio games like soccer,
basketball, and tennis. To avoid having to call games early due to the sun setting,
incorporate lighting into the design of your outdoor sports complex.
 Your lighting requirements will differ according to the sport, the size of your complex,
and your budget. You may want to consult with lighting professionals to ensure proper
coverage. Choose LED bulbs over traditional bulbs to save money and get more life out of
your lights — they provide long-term energy savings and have a longer lifespan.

Parking

Those who understand how to design an athletic complex understand how critical
parking is to its success. Though it is sometimes the last thought of designers, it is one of the
most important components of your complex. After all, if people can't find a parking spot,
they won't be able to use your facilities. If your facility's parking lot is always full, many
visitors will become frustrated and stop visiting.

Aside from attendee satisfaction, having enough parking is critical for event hosting.
Many sports complexes will host tournaments and other community events that will draw a
larger crowd and vehicles. Event organizers will refuse to work with sports complexes that
do not provide adequate parking for their teams, hosts, players, and coaches. In general, it's
best to have between 50 and 100 spaces for each field.

When determining your parking requirements, capacity isn't the only factor to consider.
People's perception of your complex can be influenced by the location of your parking lot. A
lot of placement is determined by distance. For those who are able, your sports complex
planning design should attempt to locate the parking lot near your fields, courts, facilities,
and other primary locations for convenience.

Individuals who frequently use your facilities and field will appreciate being able to pull
right up to the area they want to use without having to waste time walking over. Groups
holding events at your sports complex will also appreciate a parking lot close to the main
areas, as they will frequently be bringing equipment and other items with them.

Another issue with parking is liability issues related to balls or other sports equipment
damaging a vehicle. If you have parking spaces right next to a baseball field, for example,
you'll need nets or other materials to keep a ball from flying into a car's window. Aside from
implementing safety measures to reduce the likelihood of damaged vehicles, you should
post signs throughout your complex stating unequivocally that you are not responsible for
any damage caused by the games being played.

Common Difficulties in Athletic Complex Design

Any outdoor or indoor sports complex design will face some difficulties. To ensure the
best possible final product, sports complex design requirements and challenges must be
addressed in your plans for your sports complex.

Building codes are one of the most important factors to consider when designing a
sports complex. Building regulations in your area, whether local, state, or federal, must be
understood and followed. You may discover that something you included in your design
needs to be changed due to requirements. To ensure that your complex's design meets
building codes, you'll usually need to collaborate with your local municipality and their
zoning department.

When you start the construction process, it's critical to find a contractor you can rely on.
There are a lot of them out there, so figuring out how to find the right one can be difficult.
It's a good idea to start narrowing down contractors based on their previous work on sports
fields and facilities. You should also investigate their prior projects, visit their website, and
get recommendations for their previous work.

Building an indoor sport facility is frequently a more complicated procedure. Electricity,

plumbing, occupancy capacity, ADA compatible access points, and other features must all
be considered. Though it may be difficult to adhere to the complicated design criteria and
regulations, it is vital that you do so.

Other difficult design issues for sports facilities might include things like visibility. If you
want people to utilize as many of your facilities as possible, make sure they can see what
you have to offer when they arrive at your sports complex. Furthermore, regardless of
where visitors are sitting, ensuring that they have unimpeded views of the whole field is
critical.

Tips for Keeping Guests Returning

There are a few various measures you can take throughout the design phase to increase
the likelihood of visitors returning - they include:

1. Make plans to host tournaments.

You will earn free publicity for your complex and maybe new members by holding
competitions. One of the finest sports complex planning ideas is to make sure your facilities
are designed to meet the demands of a huge event. Comfortable seating, locker rooms,
high-quality fields, and other features may help your sports complex become a popular
location for competitions and special events in your town.

2. 2. React to Feedback

Examine other successful sports facilities in your region before you conclude the
planning process. What do the residents of these complexes think of them? Discover what
they would want their existing facility to do better and what they love. After you've
completed your sports complex, keep an eye out for input on how you may enhance it.
Keeping the experience of the players and viewers in mind will assist you to continually
wow them.

3. 3. Make Use of Outdoor Shade Structures

Even the most determined player would cringe at the prospect of playing a game in
90-degree temperatures during the summer months. Many sporting complexes use shade
structures to keep people coming back to their facilities – they provide a fantastic location
for players to cool down in between games and comfy places for spectators to relax
 throughout the day. Apart from their utilitarian significance, they enhance the aesthetic
value of your complex, making it a more appealing area to spend time.

Select SHADE for Your Athletic Complex Shade Structure Requirements.

If your sports complex features outdoor spaces, you may improve the design by
including shade sail and cantilever structure solutions across the grounds. From tennis court
shade structures to basketball court shade structures and more, our structures enhance the
aesthetic of your facilities while also providing shade. SHADE is proud of its unique
approach, which allows you to easily select a structure that matches your concept for your
sports complex.

IV. PD 1096: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (NBC) DESIGN REFERENCE

A. SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy

1. THE LOT TYPE ON THE GIVEN PROBLEM:

Based on the given lot upon designing a national stadium is a Corner Lot

2. PROJECT APPLICATION

Lot size: 15,000sqm

Occupancy: DIVISION I-1

Building Area Calculation= Lot size - (Lot size x

5% open space)

= 15,000sqm-(15,000sqm x 5%)

= 15,000sqm- 750sqm

Allowable Building Area = 14,250sqm

B. SECTION 1207. Stairs, Exits, and Occupant Loads
1. Table XII.1. General Requirements for Occupant Loads and Exits
 2. PROJECT APPLICATION
*assume that the stadium can accommodate more or less 5000 viewers
- Area required= Projected persons x unit area per occupant
= 5000x 0.65sqm
= 3,250sqm

C. OCCUPANCY USE AND PARKING REQUIREMENT:

1. Table VII.4. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking

Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use
or Occupancy

2. PROJECT APPLICATION:
- Car and Jeepney Slot Requirement: 1/50 SQM
- Allowable space for parking lot: 3,250ssqm
Parking slot = 3,250s sqm ÷50 sqm

Car and Jeepney Slot = 65 slot

-Bus parking slot: 1 Bus per 200 spectators

5000 assumed spectators ÷ 200 spectators

= 25 Bus slot

D. EXIT

Number of Exits. Every building or usable portion thereof shall have at least one (1) exit.
In all occupancies, floors above the first storey having an occupant load of more than ten
(10) shall not have less than two (2) exits. Each mezzanine floor used for other than storage
purposes, if greater in area than 185 sq. meters or more than 18.00 meters in any
dimension, shall have at least two (2) stairways to an adjacent floor. Every storey or portion
thereof, having an occupant load of 500 to 999 shall have at least three (3) exits. Every
storey or portion thereof having an occupant load of one thousand (1000) or more shall
have at least four (4) exits. The number of exits required from any storey of a building shall
be determined by using the occupant loads of floors which exit through the level under
consideration as follows: 50% of the occupant load in the first adjacent storey above (and
the first adjacent storey below, when a storey below exits through the level under
consideration) and 25% of the occupant load in the storey immediately beyond the first
adjacent storey. The maximum number of exits required for any storey shall be maintained
until egress is provided from the structures. For purposes of this Section basement or cellars
and occupied roofs shall be provided with exits as required for storeys. Floors above the
second storey, basements and cellars used for other than service of the building shall have
not less than two (2) exits.

1. Width. The total width of exits in meters shall not be less than the total
occupant load served divided by one hundred sixty five (165). Such width of
exits shall be divided approximately equally among the separate exits. The total
exit width required from any storey of a building shall be determined by using
the occupant load of that storey plus the percentage of the occupant loads of
floors which exits through the level under consideration as follows: 50% of the
occupant load in the first adjacent storey above (and the first adjacent storey
below when a storey below exits through the level under consideration) and
25% of the occupant load in the storey immediately beyond the first adjacent
storey. The maximum exit width from any storey of a building shall be
maintained.
2. Arrangement of Exits. If only two (2) exits are required, they shall be placed a
distance apart to not less than one-fifth (1/5) of the perimeter of the area
served measured in a straight line between exits. Where three (3) or more exits
 are required, they shall be arranged a reasonable distance apart so that if one
becomes blocked, the others will be available.
3. Distance to Exits. No point in a building without a sprinkler system shall be
more than 45.00 meters from an exterior exit door, a horizontal exit, exit
passageway, or an enclosed stairway, measured along the line of travel. In a
building equipped with a complete automatic fire extinguishing system, the
distance from exits may be increased to 60.00 meters.
4.

V. BP 344: Accessibility Law Design Reference

A. Accessible Ramps
1. Changes in level shall require a
ramp except when served by a
dropped sidewalk, curb ramp,
an elevator, or other
mechanical device. Accessible
ramps shall have the following
facilities and features:
- Minimum clear width of 1.20 m.
- Gradient not steeper than 1:12.
- For accessible ramps 3m or more
in width, provide intermediate
handrails at the center. Use of
double “J” type handrail supports
are recommended.
- Maximum length of 6.00 m.:
Accessible ramps with a total
length longer than 6.00 m shall be provided with intermediate landings
with a minimum length of 1.50 m.
- Level area not less than 1.80 m at the top and bottom of any ramp.
- Handrails on both sides of the ramp at 700 mm and 900 mm from the
floor of the ramp. (See Fig. A.4.1; A.4.2)
- 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and
bottom of ramps.
- 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and
bottom of ramps.
B. Parking
1. Accessible Parking Slot Requirement
a. Where parking spaces are required to be provided, the number of
accessible parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with disabilities or
vehicles with passengers with disabilities shall be in accordance with

Table B.

2. PROJECT APPLICATION

*Estimated parking slot= 65 slots

- Required number of PWD = 3 slots (as per table Accessible Parking
Slot Requirements)
C. Outside and Around Buildings
1. Dropped Sidewalks
a. Dropped sidewalks should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the
end of walkways of a private street or access road.
b. Dropped sidewalks at crossings shall have a width corresponding to the
width of the crossing.
c. For crossings and walkways less than 1.50 m. in width, the base/level
surface at the bottom of the ramp shall have a minimum depth of 1.50 m.
with a width corresponding to the width of the crossing. (4.00 M
minimum for national roads and as mandated by Local ordinances for
local roads).
VI. RA 9514 - THE FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES - Revised Implementing Rules and
Regulations

DIVISION 5. MEANS OF EGRESS

SECTION 10.2.5.2 GENERAL PROVISIONS

A. Occupant Load

2. The total capacity of means of egress for any floor, balcony, tier, or other
occupied space shall be sufficient for the occupant load thereof, and shall
not be less than the number computed by dividing the floor area assigned
to that use by the occupant load factor in accordance with the requirements
of Divisions 8 through 20 of this Chapter for individual occupancies. The
occupant load in any building or portion thereof shall be the maximum
number of persons that may be in the space at any time, as determined by
the C/MFM having jurisdiction.

3. Where exits serve more than one (1) floor, only the occupant load of each
floor considered individually need be used in computing the capacity of the
exits of that floor; provided, that exit capacity shall not be decreased in the
direction of exit travel. When means of egress from the floor above and
below converge at an intermediate floor, the capacity of the means of
 egress from the point of convergence shall not be less than the sum of the
two (2).

4. When any required egress capacity of a balcony or mezzanine passes

through the room below, that required capacity shall be added to the
required egress capacity of the room below.

B. Measurement of Means of Egress

1. The width of means of egress shall be measured by clear width starting

from the narrowest point of the egress component under consideration,
unless otherwise provided in Para 2 hereof.

2. Projections of not more than one hundred fourteen millimeters (114 mm)
at a maximum height of nine hundred sixty-five millimetres (965 mm)
within the means of egress on each side shall be permitted.

C. Minimum Width

1. The width of any means of egress shall not be less than nine hundred
fifteen millimetres (915 mm) except when specifically provided under
Division 8 through 20 of this Chapter.

D. Number of Means of Egress

1. The number of means of egress from any balcony, mezzanine, storey, or

portion thereof shall not be less than two (2), except when specifically
permitted in Division 8 through 20 of this Chapter.

2. When the occupant load for any storey or portion thereof is more than
five hundred (500) but not more than one thousand (1,000), the means of
egress shall not be less than three (3); in excess thereof, the means of
egress shall not be less than four (4).
 3. The occupant load of each storey considered individually shall be
required to be used in computing the number of means of egress at each
storey, provided that the required number of means of egress is not
decreased in the direction of exit travel.

4. No doors other than hoist way door, the elevator car door, and doors
that are readily openable from the car side without a key, tool, special
knowledge, or special effort shall be allowed at the point of access to an
elevator car.

5. Elevator lobbies shall have access to at least one exit. Such exit access
shall not require the use of a key, a tool, special knowledge, or special
effort.

E. Arrangement of Exit

1. Exits shall be located and exit access shall be arranged so that exits are
readily accessible at all times.

2. When exits are not immediately accessible from an open floor area,
continuous passageways, aisles, or corridors leading directly to every exit
shall be maintained and shall be arranged to provide access for each
occupant to not less than two (2) exits by separate ways of travel.

3. Corridors shall provide exit access without passing through any

intervening rooms other than corridors, lobbies, and other spaces
permitted to be open to the corridor.

4. Remoteness shall be determined in accordance with the following:

a. When more than one (1) exit is required from a building or portion
thereof, such exits shall be remotely located from each other and shall
be arranged and constructed to minimize the possibility that more than
one exit has the potential to be blocked by any fire or other emergency
condition.
 b. When two (2) exits or exit access doors are required, they shall be
located at a distance from one another not less than one half (1/2) of
the length of the maximum 36 overall diagonal dimension of the
building or area to be served, measured in a straight line between the
nearest edge of the exit doors or exit access doors, unless otherwise
provided in Para “c” hereof.

c. In buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised

automatic sprinkler system, the minimum separation distance between
two (2) exits or exit access doors measured in accordance with para “b”
hereof shall not be less than one-third (1/3) the length of the maximum
overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served.

d. Where exit enclosures are provided as the required exits specified in

para “b” and para “c” hereof and are interconnected by not less than
one-hour (1-hr) fire resistance-rated corridor, exit separation shall be
measured along the line of travel within the corridor.

e. Where more than two (2) exits or exit access doors are required, at
least two (2) of the required exits or exit access doors shall be arranged
to comply with the minimum separation distance requirement.

5. Interlocking or scissor stairs shall be considered only as a single exit for

new buildings.

F. Dead-End Limits

1. Means of egress shall be so arranged that there are no dead-end pockets,

hallways, corridors, passage ways or courts, whose depth exceeds six
meters (6 m) unless otherwise specified in individual occupancies by
Divisions 8 through 20 of this Chapter.
G. Measurement of Travel Distance to Exits

1. The maximum travel distance in any occupied space to the nearest exit
shall not exceed the limits specified for individual occupancies by Divisions 8
through 20 of this Chapter. Maximum travel distance shall be determined as
follows:

a. The travel distance to an exit shall be measured on the floor or other

walking surface along the center line of the natural path of travel,
starting from the most remote point subject for occupancy, curving
around any corner or construction with a three hundred millimeters
(300 mm) clearance therefrom, and ending at the center of the
doorway or other point at which the exit begins. Where measurement
includes stairs, it shall be taken in the place of the tread nosing.

b. In the case of open areas, distance to exits shall be measured from the
most remote point subject for occupancy. In case of individual rooms
subject for occupancy by not more than six (6) persons, distance to
exits shall be measured from the floors of such rooms, provided that
the path of travel from any point in the room to the room door does
not exceed fifteen meters (15 m).

2. Where open stairways or ramps are permitted, as a path of travel to

required exit, such as between mezzanines or balconies and the floor below,
the distance shall include the travel on the stairway or ramp, and the travel
from the end of the stairway or ramp to reach an outside door or other exit,
in addition to the distance to reach the stairway or ramp.

3. Where any part of an exterior way of exit access is within three meters (3
m) horizontal distance of any unprotected building opening, as permitted by
Section 10.2.5.5 of this RIRR for outside stairs, the distance to the exit shall
include the length of travel to ground level.
H. Access to Exits

1. A door from a room to an exit or to a way of exit access shall be of

the side-hinged, swinging type. It shall swing with exit travel.

2. In no case shall access to exit be through a bathroom, bedroom,

or other room subject to locking, except where the exit is required to
serve only the bedroom or other room subject to locking, or adjoining
rooms constituting part of the same dwelling or apartment used for
single family occupancy.

3. Ways of exit access and the doors to exits to which they lead shall
be designed and arranged to be clearly recognizable as such. Decorations
or draperies shall not be placed on exit doors. Mirrors shall not be placed
in or adjacent to any exit in such a manner as to confuse the direction of
exit.
4. Exit access shall be arranged that it will not be necessary to travel
toward any area of high hazard occupancy in order to reach the nearest
exit, unless the path is protected by suitable partitions.

I. Exterior Ways of Exit Access

1. Access to an exit may be by means of any exterior balcony, porch,

gallery, or roof that conforms to the requirements of this Section.

2. Exterior ways of access shall have smooth, solid floors,

substantially level, and shall have guards on the unenclosed sides at least
equivalent to those specified in para “H” of Section 10.2.5.4 of this RIRR.

3. A permanent, reasonably straight path of travel shall be

maintained over the required exterior way of exit access. There shall be
no obstruction by railings, barriers, or gates that divide the open space
 into sections appurtenant to individual rooms, apartments, or other uses.
Where the C/MFM having jurisdiction finds that the required path of
travel is obstructed by furniture or other movable objects, he/she shall
require their removal. However, if the width of the exterior way of exit
access is greater than the required path of travel, he/she may permit the
relocation of such furniture to one side so that they are out of the
pathway. Such furniture shall then be fastened so they can no longer be
moved. Alternatively, he/she may require that railings or other
permanent barriers be installed to protect the path of travel against
encroachment.

4. An exterior way of exit access shall be arranged so that there are

no dead-ends in excess of six meters (6 m) in length.

5. Any gallery, balcony, bridge, porch or other exterior exit access

that projects beyond the outside wall of a building shall comply with the
requirements of this Division as to width and arrangement.

SECTION 10.2.9.5 PROTECTION

A. Vertical Opening
Any interior stairways and other vertical openings in educational buildings shall be enclosed
and protected in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this RIRR, except when it serves only one
adjacent floor other than a basement; it is not connected to other stairway serving other floors;
and it is not connected with corridors or stairways serving other floors.
B. Interior Corridors
1. Every interior corridor shall be of construction having not less than a half-hour
(1/2-hr) fire resistance rating, and all openings therein protected accordingly. Room doors
may be forty-four millimeters (44 mm) solid bonded core wood doors or the equivalent. Such
corridor protection shall not be required when all classrooms served by such corridors have at
least one door directly to the outside or to an exterior balcony or corridor as in Section 10.2.9.2
of this RIRR.

2. Any interior corridor more than ninety-one meters (91 m) in length shall be divided into
sections not to exceed ninety-one meters (91 m) in length by smoke partitions installed in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.3 of this RIRR.

C. Interior Finish
Interior finish shall be Class A in corridors, stairways and other means of egress, and may be
Class B or Class C elsewhere, in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.2.6.4 of this RIRR.

D. Fire Alarm System

1. Approved fire alarm facilities capable of being manually operated in accordance with

Section 10.2.6.6 of this RIRR shall be provided in every educational building.

2. In building provided with automatic fire suppression system, the operation of the system
shall automatically actuate electrical school fire alarm system.

E. Automatic Fire Suppression System

1. Every portion of educational buildings below the floor of exit discharge, being utilized as
classroom or laboratory, shall be protected with approved, supervised sprinkler system in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.7 of this RIRR:

a. throughout the storey containing the classroom or laboratory; and

b. at the level of exit discharge

 2. When the building is classified as high rise it shall be completely protected by approved,
supervised sprinkler system.

VII. SPACE REQUIREMENT REFERENCE: TIME SAVERS

The given space requirements in building a national stadium are:

PLAY FLOOR SURFACE

Among the first program criteria to be determined regarding multipurpose arenas is the
list of projected uses or events which are intended to be booked into the arena. Many events
require their own unique features or support facilities which if not included in the original
 design and construction prove very difficult and costly to provide at a later date (e .g ., inserts in
playing floor surface for anchoring circus rigging) Some also have fixed dimensional or space
requirements which must be accommodated and checked for sight lines A list of the more
common events currently being held in multipurpose arenas follows:
- football
- american football
- baseball
- Lawn tennis
- volleyball
- basketball
- hockey
- and etc..

PUBLIC TOILET
Sets of men's and women's rest rooms should be provided at one or more locations on
each public level . Their layout must provide for peak load* during the 15- to 20-minute
intermission periods when hundreds of patrons will pass through each room . It is ideal if a one-
way traffic flow can be developed with an in and out doorway separated by some distance .
Within, the space should be divided with the water closets and urinals located near the entrance
and the lavatories in a space near the exit Also it is desirable if possible to design each toilet
room so that half of the space can be closed off by some means during events of small
attendance . This will save a good deal of operating cost for cleaning Plumbing-line capacity
should be studied carefully for peak use and generous pipe spaces with good access provided

SEATING

Most arenas now being built are employing theater-type upholstered seats. The
minimum recommended width is 19 in ., and they should vary up to 23 in . center to center for
the prime areas. In the wedge-shaped sections in curved rows, a mix of widths is usually used to
make the ends of each row come out as flush as possible Where risers are 5 in . or over, seat
 stanchions should be riser-mounted to facilitate cleaning. Seats should be self-rising with
perforated acoustical treatment on the seat bottoms.

CONCESSIONS
Concession stands for food, beverages, souvenirs, and coat checking should be provided
at convenient locations in the promenade areas. Counter areas should be as long as practical
and if possible recessed in alcoves to prevent backup of patrons into circulation spaces . Storage
space should be provided immediately adjacent to each counter area so that food items can be
restocked to the sales area during a game or performance without a trip to the central supply
point. If it is contemplated by the arena management that an outside concession firm be
brought in to run the operation, it should be selected as early as possible and participate in the
planning process. If the firm is an experienced national operation, it will have strong points of
view on counter locations, size, visibility, and utility requirements among others . If not built into
the original building, the concessionaire's desires will likely prevail at a later date and unsightly
and costly additions result
GRAPHICS

A good graphics and signing control program is important not only for an attractive
appearance, but for controlling and expediting crowd movement . Signing can help establish a
clear pattern of movement which can easily be comprehended by the patrons . Seat colors in
the arena can be keyed to ticket colors to identify the various areas or categories of seating .
This can be done on a horizontal basis with rings of seats changing color as they change from
one price category to another. Or the arena can be divided into quadrants each with its own
color key. In cases where the arena sits within a large parking field, this color system may even
extend to the exterior and guide patrons to the proper entrance as they park and approach the
building . Within the seating area, signs designating sections, rows, seats, etc., should be large,
clear, and located in easily read places . Signs for rest rooms, concessions, telephones, etc .,
should also be of good size and clear and consistent in style. In the lobby ticketing area, apace
must be provided for coming attraction signs, currentevent pricing, and seating plans for various
event setups . It has proved successful also to have a scale model of the arena seating including
colors and section identification within the ticket sales area to assist patrons with their ticket
purchases.

PRESS FACILITIES

A press workroom with adjacent Teletype room and toilet should be located near the
lower seating area . It is also desirable to include a lounge in this group with facilities to set up a
small bar and food service from the main concession kitchen A small photographer's work area
and darkroom should also be provided at the arena floor level Location of the press seating
varies widely . Many arenas which have been built with elaborate press booths high above the
floor have discovered them unused, reporters preferring to sit at courtside near the action .
Radio and TV announcers, however, usually prefer to sit high for an overall view of the action .
 Booths for this purpose can be located over vomitory openings or suspended from the ceiling or
balcony structure the operator . Also needed will be a concession manager's office, a security
area for counting money and a vault Ample vendors' stations will be needed at several points
around the arena. They must be located within easy reach of the seating and be laid out to allow
fast refill of the seat vendor's stock Separated inout doors are helpful.

EMPLOYEE TOILETS/LOCKERS

As seen from the following space allocation summary, severalcategories of employee

spaces will be necessary. General cleaning and maintenance help, ushers, and concession
employees each need separate toilet/locker facilities . As local conditions might warrant, space
may also be needed for security guards and parking lot employees. Definitive space needs for
each group will depend upon a management analysis of the numbers of staff required .

TELEVISION BROADCASTING

Facilities appropriate for the telecasting of events are an important ingredient of all new
arenas . Consensus as to number, location, height, and angle of camera positions is hard to find,
especially if several networks or local stations are likely to be working out of the building at
various times. However, an attempt should be made during the design/planning stage to meet
with those broadcasting groups most likely to use the building and build in as much as possible
such items as camera platforms and cable runs . Primary use of television in any arena will be for
sporting events rather than stage or performance-type shows.Camera locations for hockey and
basketball should all be from the same side of the playing floor with one position high at center
ice (at Madison Square Garden it is 64 ft above the floor and 120 ft back from the near dasher)
and other positions at low level covering center ice and each goal . Space will also be needed for
the station's remote truck, preferably at the building truck area, or a permanent TV monitor
room Any cables from the various camera positions will terminate at this point whether built-in
or separately laid for each event. A built-in cable system which can be used by any station's crew
 is obviously desirable, as it prevents the unsightly view of large bundles of cable as well as
avoids interference with circulation at the cross aisles and vomitories .

CONCESSION /VENDORS'STORAGE

Large bulk storage areas will be required for the concessionaires'supplies of dry food
goods, beverages, meat, general supplies, souvenirs and programs . This may include walk-in
refrigerator space and cold rooms as specified bythe operator . Also needed will be a concession
manager's office, a security area for counting money and a vault Ample vendors' stations will be
needed at several points around the arena. They must be located within easy reach of the
seating and be laid out to allow fast refill of the seat vendor's stock Separated inout doors are
helpful.

PUBLIC/PRIVATE CLUBS

Most new arenas will include a club or restaurant facility These are often tied to the
purchase of season tickets and their use restricted to these patrons Capacity might vary from
150 to 300 people This facility should be located within easy reach of the seating area and also
be accessible to patrons at hours other than when the building is open to the general public for
events . If an outside concessionaire is involved for the arena, it will also likely manage this club .
A typical commercial kitchen will probably be required and should be so located as to be easily
serviced from the central trucking/receiving area . This kitchen may also serve to cater food to
other parts of the building such as the owner's suits and press lounge.

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES

Areas for the building manager, accounting, personnel, booking, publicity, and engineer
are generally provided within the building . In addition, office space may be required for the
various teams who use the building, whether they are only tenants or are owned by the arena
owner Additionally, office space should be available for use by shows booked into the arena for
an extended period (circus, ice shows, etc.) . Also, the owner of the arena, if it is a private
venture, will usually require a suite of rooms including his office, private bath, and a
 conference/meeting room suitable for entertaining dignitaries . Food may be catered to this
area from the central club kitchen; thus it should be within easy access . It is possible in some
instances that a portion of the offices mentioned could be located in other space remote from
the arena This decision and a full program of office requirements should be developed at an
early stage of the design/planning process.

LOCKER AND DRESSING ROOMS

If the arena is the permanent home of two professional teams (hockey and basketball,
for example), a pair of separate home team dressing rooms will be required, the teams can
share toilets, shower room, a training area, and the trainer's office . The hockey dressing area
should be somewhat larger then that for the basketball dressing area becauseoflarger team size
and more cumbersome equipment. A pair of rooms for visiting teams somewhat smaller than
the rooms for home teams, can be located adjacent to or nearby with home team roomsas
shown . Several smaller dressing and interview rooms should be planned in this area . Some can
be for individual use, others for four to six people, and each with appropriate toilet facilities All
these spaces should be located at arena floor level with convenient vomitory access to the
playing floor Public exiting traffic should be routed away from the dressing area corridors

TICKETING FACILITIES
 This area will vary depending upon the intended scope of events to be booked .
However, in most situations, ticket booths will be required in the lobby area or an outer lobby
They should be accessible to the public during nonevent periods without losing security to the
remainder of the building . Madison Square Garden has 25 booths, the Forum, 20 . Immediately
to the rear of the booths should be a large ticket room for storage and sorting advance sale
tickets. Also required will be a money room with vault, group sales office, ticket manager's
office, and a work area for storing event posters and making up ticket pricing boards .

STORAGE

Large bulk storage areas will be needed for a variety of uses The temporary seating
setups for the arena floor will require space to store both chairs and riser platforms. These are
usually stacked on metal pipe racks as high an ceilings will permit and handled with forklift
trucks Space for storing the hockey dasher boards and glass, basketball floor and goals, end
indoor track must also be provided All of these should be so located relative to the arena floor
as to minimize time and cost for the setting up of each event.

I. DESIGN PROCESS
this are my idea on how I construct a design in national stadium.

FIRST: SITE ANALYSIS

 SECOND: SPACE REQUIREMENTS

THIRD STEP: BUBBLE DIAGRAM

FIRST FLOOR SECOND FLOOR

s
FORTH STEP: DESIGN AND FORM CONCEPT