16-10-2022

16-OCTOBER-2022

The Hindu News Analysis – 16th October 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

1 Rule of law is defence against oppressive systems like casteism 11 9 9 11 9

2 The issues in the Collegium’s functioning 24 14 14 16 14

3 From Cult to Culture, A porridge for ghosts Sunday magazine pg-6

6 varieties of neelakurinji identified in Santhanpara region of Western

4 10 - 6 10 -
Ghats
5 Tunisian protesters denounce ‘coup’, demand president’s ouster 14 12 12 14 12

6 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video
7 Mains Practice Question
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram
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Pg: 9 – B, T, D;
Pg: 11 – C, H;

Rule of Law
Origin
• No man is above law
• Greek philosophers - Plato and Aristotle (350
• Subject to the jurisdiction of
BC)
ordinary courts
• Modern world – originator - Sir Edward Coke
 Irrespective of their position
and rank.  King is under God and the Law

• Governed by law • Prof. Albert Venn Dicey - The Law Of The

Constitution

 Famous exposition of the concept – 3 pillars

 Government should be based on principles of

law
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Three pillars of rule of law India

1. Supremacy of law • Constitution of India - recognized only two

fundamental components
 Law rules over all people
 Supremacy of Law
 Man – punished only for the distinct
breach of law  Equality before law

2. Equality before the law • Provisions

 Subject to the ordinary law -  Preamble - equality, liberty and justice

irrespective of rank or position  Art 14 - right to equality before law &

3. Predominance of Legal spirit equal protection of law

 Courts of law - ultimate protector of  Art 15, 16, 23 - protective

discrimination
an individual’s fundamental right.

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2018

Q. Which of the following are regarded as
the main features of the "Rule of Law"?
1. Limitation of Powers
2. Equality before law
3. People's responsibility to the
Government
4. Liberty and civil rights
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
 16-10-2022

Pg: 14 – B, T, D;
Pg: 16 – H;
Pg: 24 – C;

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Current events of national and international importance.
• Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights
Issues, etc.

Part B—Main Examination

PAPER-III
General Studies-II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations.
• Structure, Organization and Functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments
of the Government; Pressure Groups and Formal/Informal Associations and their Role in the Polity.
• Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and
basic structure.
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Collegium system
Two types of Collegiums.
• To make appointments to the
• Supreme Court collegium - CJI and four other
higher judiciary.
senior most judges of the court.
• To ensure the independence of
• High Court collegium - Chief Justice and four other
judiciary.
senior most judges of that court.

 Names recommended for appointment by a High

Court collegium reaches government only after
approval by CJI and Supreme Court collegium.

 Government - Raise its objections and seek

clarifications.

Evolution of Judiciary Judges Cases

• Collegium not mentioned in • First judges case

constitution.  Consultation does not mean concurrence

• Collegium has no legal  Upper hand to the executive

backing.
 Subhash Sharma vs UOI – Equal role for judiciary &
• Article 124 & Article 217 executive
deals with appointment to
• Second judges case
the higher judiciary.
 changed the meaning of the word consultation to
 President appoints
concurrence.
judges after consultation
with the CJI.  Recommendation should be made by CJI in consultation with
his two senior colleagues.
 16-10-2022

• Social Background of Judges.

 Low diversity.
• Third Judges Case (1998)
 Judges of the subordinate judiciary are
 Recommendation should be made by the
ignored.
CJI and his four seniors most colleagues.
 Only 4 women appointment made between
Issues with Collegium
mid-1985 and mid-2010.
• Opaque and Unaccountable System.
 Low non Hindu appointment.
 Lack of information about the appointment
• No Constitutional backing.
of judges.
 Came into force due to the effort of
 Criteria used by the Collegium for
judiciary.
appointment not available.
 Unaccountable to the public.

• No set procedure. Judicial Appointment in the UK

 No clarity regarding whether decisions are

to be made by personal deliberations or by
circulation of files or by adopting both
means as per convenience.
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Judicial appointment in the USA

• Executive and legislative plays major role.

Practice Question – Mains
GS – II
Q. Dr. Ambedkar had once stated that “our
Judiciary must both be independent of the
President Executive and must also be competent in
nominates
appointee itself”. In this context, write about how the
evolution of the Collegium system has
ensured the independence of the
Senate approves
Judiciary. In your opinion has the
after debate Collegium system served its purpose?
Justify your opinion.

(250 words, 15 marks)

Judge appointed

Sunday magazine pg: 6

 16-10-2022

Eastern Ganga dynasty

• Kalinga

 Present-day northern telangana

 Northeastern andhra pradesh,

 Most of odisha

 A portion of Madhya Pradesh

Rulers of Kalinga

• Nanda dynasty, maghadhan empire,

Mauryan empire

• Prominent – Eastern Ganga

 Mid-11th century CE

Genesis Significance

• 8th century • Patrons of religion and the arts

• Vajrahasta III - 1028 - first to rule all • Eg - Puri Jagannatha temple

of Kalinga
Puri Jagannatha temple
• Son Rajaraja Devendravarman - married a
• Built by Anantavarman - 12th century
Chola princess
• Rival the height of the Brihadeeswara
• Son Anantavarman Chodaganga - 1077-1150
temple in thanjavur
CE
• Completed by Anangabhimadeva III
 Ganges in the north to the mouth of
the Godavari River in the south
 16-10-2022

Features

• Orissa school of architecture

 Shikhara - rekha deul

 Mandap – jagamohan

 Ground plan – square

 Temples - surrounded by a boundary

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
regarding Konark Sun temple:
1. Konark sun temple was built by
Anantavarma Chodaganga during 13th
century CE.
2. It is one of the UNESCO World Heritage
site in India.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
 16-10-2022

Pg: 10 – C, H;
Pg: 6 - D;

Neelakurinji • Genus – Strobilanthus

• Shrub - shola forests of the Western • Family – Acanthaceae

Ghats in South India • Species - 250 species
• Botanical name - Strobilanthes kunthiana

 Named after - Kunthi River, Silent

Valley National Park
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Characteristics
• Perennial Monocarpic
• Physical
 Annuals - complete their life cycle in
 Height – 30-60 cm one year

 Altitude - 1,300-2,400 metres  Perennials - live for more than two

 Flower - bright blue coloured, bell-shaped years, flower every year & set seeds

 Monocarpic - flower only once in their

lifetime, set seeds and die

 Polycarpic - flower and set seeds many

times during its lifetime

 Monocarpic plants – flower after

maturity

 Maturity time varies

 Eg – bamboo (40 years)

 Neelakurinji – 12 years

 Strobilanthes cuspidatus –
7 years

• Gregarious flowering

 Flower together once every

few years

 Phenomenon - plietesials
 16-10-2022

News
Practice Question – Prelims
• Blooming of Kurinji flowers -
Q. Consider the following statements
Kallippara hills
regarding Neelakurinji:
• Varieties seen
1. Neelakurinji can be seen only in
 Strobilanthes kunthiana Western Ghats.
2. Kurinji exhibits monocarpy and
 Strobilanthes anamallaica
gregarious flowering.
 Strobilanthes heyneanus
Which of the above statements is/are
 Strobilanthes pulnyensis incorrect?
a) 1 only
 Strobilanthes neoasper
b) 2 only
 Strobilanthes cuspidatus c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Pg: 12 – B, T, D;
Pg: 14 – C, H;
 16-10-2022

2022 Prelims GS-1 question

Q. Consider the following pairs:
Country Important reason for being in the news recently
1. Chad - Setting up a permanent military base by China
2. Guinea - Suspension of Constitution and Government by military
3. Lebanon - Severe and prolonged economic depression
4. Tunisia - Suspension of Parliament by President
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
 16-10-2022

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
regarding Konark Sun temple:
1. Konark sun temple was built by
Anantavarma Chodaganga during 13th
century CE.
2. It is one of the UNESCO World Heritage
site in India.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
regarding Neelakurinji:
1. Neelakurinji can be seen only in
Western Ghats.
2. Kurinji exhibits monocarpy and
gregarious flowering.
Which of the above statements is/are
incorrect?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
 16-10-2022

Answers for practice questions

Q1. Option (b)
Q2. Option (a)

Quiz question – Prelims

Q. Which of the following are regarded as
the main features of the "Rule of Law"?
1. Limitation of Powers
2. Equality before law
3. People's responsibility to the
Government
4. Liberty and civil rights
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
 16-10-2022

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Dr. Ambedkar had once stated that “our Judiciary
must both be independent of the Executive and
must also be competent in itself”. In this context,
write about how the evolution of the Collegium
system has ensured the independence of the
Judiciary. In your opinion has the Collegium
system served its purpose? Justify your opinion.

(250 words, 15 marks)