Name: Lea Mie R. Barce Date Submitted: Oct.

14, 2022

I. Determine whether the given relation is an equivalence relation on a set. Explain the reason
1. xRy in real numbers if x ≥ y
Not Equivalence Relation
The "greater (or less) than" relation also over the set of numbers is transitive, but it is
neither reflexive or symmetric. "Greater (or less) than or equal to" is reflexive and
transitive, but it is not symmetric.
2. xRy in real numbers if x ≥ y
Not Equivalence Relation
The "greater (or less) than" relation also over the set of numbers is transitive, but it is
neither reflexive or symmetric. "Greater (or less) than or equal to" is reflexive and
transitive, but it is not symmetric.

3. aRb iff (a+b) is even over the set of integers

Relation (a,b) iff (a+b) is even over the set of integers
(i) a+a=2a which is even
So (a,a) belongs to aRb
∴ aRb  is reflexive relation

(ii) If (a+b) is even, then (b+a) is also even

∴ aRb  is symmetric relation

(iii) If (a+b) and (b+c) are even then

a+c=(a+b)+(b+c)−2b
= even + even - even
= even
∴ aRb  is transitive relation
Since aRb  is reflexive, symmetric and transitive so aRb  is an equivalence relation

4. aRb iff |a−b|≤ 2 is over the set of natural numbers

aRb iff |a−b|≤2 over the set of natural number

(i) |a−a|≤2
0≤2
∴ aRb  is reflexive relation

(ii) If |a−b|≤2 then also |b−a|≤2

∴ aRb  is symmetric relation
(iii) If |a−b|≤2 and |b−c|≤2
Ex. |3−5|≤2 and |5−7|≤2 but
|3−7|/≤2
∴ aRb  is not transitive
Since aRb  is reflexive and symmetric not transitive, so aRb  is not an equivalence
relation.
 II. Rewrite the given relation derived from set A to make it an equivalent relation.
A= { c , d ,e , f }
1. R1={ ( c , c ) , ( d , d ) , ( f , f ) , ( d , f ) ,(f , d ) }
2. R2={ ( c , c ) , ( c , d ) , ( d , d )( d , c ) , ( e , e ) , ( e , f ) ,(f , f ) }

As it is reflexive as for all x∈A,(x,x)∈R.

Also this relation R is symmetric as if (x,y)∈R⇒(y,x)∈R for all x,y∈A.
Again this relation is transitive as if (x,y)∈R,(y,z)∈R⇒(x,z)∈R for all x,y,z∈A.
Hence the relation is an equivalance relation.