ANAPHY

Organ Systems Responsiveness or irritability- the ability to sense changes

(stimuli) in the environment and then react to them.

Digestion- the process of breaking down ingested food into

Organ- a structure composed of two or more tissue types that
simple molecules that can the be absorbed into the blood.
perform a specific function for the body.
Metabolism- a broad term that refers to all chemical reactions
Organ System- a group of organs that work together to
that occur within the body and all of its cell.
accomplish a common purpose.
Excretion- the process of removing excreta or wastes, from the
(DULCINMERRS)
body. Several organ systems participate in excretion.
Integumentary-skin nails and hair (protects deeper organs
Reproduction- the production of offspring, can occur on the
from injury due to bumps, chemicals bacteria and dehydration)
cellular organism or organismal level.
Skeletal- Bones, Cartilages, tendons, ligaments, and joints
Growth- can be an increase in cell size or an increase in body
(support and protects internal organs, provides levers for
size that is usually accomplished y an increase in the number of
muscular action)
cells.
Muscular-muscles attached to the skeleton (they move bones
SURVIVAL NEEDS
to allow motion, grasping, and manipulating the environment,
and facial expression.) Nutrients, which the body takes in through food, contain the
chemicals used for energy and cell building. Carbohydrates are
Nervous- Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs
the major energy providing for the cell.
(allows body to detect changes in its internal and external
environment and to respond to such information by activating All the nutrients in the world are useless unless oxygen is also
appropriate muscle or glands.) available.
Endocrine- Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, ovaries, testes and Water accounts for 60 to 80 percent of the body weight,
pancreas (promotes growth and development; produces depending on the age of the individual. It is the single most
chemical “messengers” that travel in the blood to exert their abundant chemical substance in the body and provides the
effects on various target organs of the body.) fluid base for body secretions and excretions.
Cardiovascular- Heart, blood vessels, and blood (primarily a The normal body temperature is 37 degrees Celsius or 98.6-
transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon degree Fahrenheit.
dioxide, nutrients, waste, etc. protects body with blood clots,
The force exerted on the surface of the body by weight of air is
antibodies, and other protein molecules in the blood.)
referred to as atmospheric pressure.
Lymphatic/ Immune- Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen,
thymus, and tonsils (picks up fluid leaked from the blood
vessels and return it to the blood and cleanses blood of
pathogens and other debris.)
Dorsal Body Cavity: Brain, Spinal Cord
Respiratory- Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
(keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while Thoracic Cavity: Heart, Lungs, Bronchi, Trachea, Esophagus,
removing carbon dioxide.) Diaphragm, Thyroid Gland

Digestive- Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large Abdominopelvic Cavity: Liver, Gallbladder, Stomach, Pancreas,
intestine (breaks down ingested food to tiny particles, which Spleen, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, rectum, kidneys,
can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body’s cell. ureters, bladder, adrenal glands, uterus, descending aorta,
inferior vena cava.
Urinary- Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra (filters the
blood and then rids the body nitrogen-containing wastes_urea,
uric acid, and ammonia_ which result from the breakdown of
proteins and nucleic acids by the body’s cells.)

Reproductive- Male-testes, scrotum, penis, and duct system.

Female- ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina (produces
sperm and egg cell to produce offspring.)
 Cells and Tissues

Cell- the structural and functional unit of all living things, is very
complex. The structures of the cell allow it to carry out all of
these functions.

All animal cells have three major regions, or parts: nucleus,

plasma membrane and cytoplasm