COMPUTER

INTERNAL HARDWARE
EXPECTATIONS:
1. Identify the use of Power Supply
2. Demonstrate the steps in
connecting
3. Demonstrate the steps in
connecting the power supply
cables to different drives and
mainboard
4. Identify the ports and cables
used in computer
5. Demonstrate the steps in
connecting the cables to ports in
computer
Computer Hardware is
the physical part of a
computer. Internal
hardware is the hardware
inside the computer or is
a device that is installed
within the computer.
When referring to a drive,
an internal drive is any
drive inside the
computer.
A Power
Supply unit
(PSU)
It converts mains AC
to low voltage
regulated DC power
for the internal
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components of a
computer.
20 PIN MOLEX ATX
POWER
CONNECTION

•This is used to
give supply to
motherboard.
 4 PIN MOLEX P4
12V
• The P4 connector is
a 12V power supply
cable used with
motherboards that
have an Intel
Pentium 4 or later
processor.
 4 PIN BERG
CONNECTOR

•It is used with

computer power
supplies that
connect to floppy
disk drives.
SATA CONNECTOR
• SATA means Serial
Advance Technology
Attachment) is a
computer bus interface
that connects host bus
adapters to mass
storage devices such as
hard disk drives, optical
drives, and solid state
drives.
 4 PIN MOLEX
CONNECTOR
•This is used to
power various
component
including hard
disk drives and
optical disk drives.
• A Motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a
computer system. It is a sheet of plastic that holds all the
circuitry to connect the various components of a computer
system. It’s a motherboard which contains a number of
sockets and slots to connect the other components.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/8/86/XO_Motherboard.png

https://img.cppng.com/download/2020-
https://www.pngmart.com/files/7/Com
06/8-2-motherboard-png-image.png
puter-Motherboard-PNG-Picture.png
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

PROCESSOR
SOCKET
It is the center piece
of motherboard and
where the CPU is
installed. https://c8.alamy.com/comp/F4THDD/intel-lga1155-
processor-socket-on-an-asus-motherboard-F4THDD.jpg
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

POWER CONNECTOR
Allows an electrical https://chungyi.com/wp-
content/uploads/2020/05/ATX-24P-
CABLE_2.jpg

current to pass
through it for the
exclusive purpose of
providing power to a
device.
http://www.playtool.co
m/pages/psuconnector
s/20in24.jpg
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

MEMORY SLOTS
Allows computer memory
(RAM) to be inserted into the
computer. Depending on the
motherboard, there will
usually be 2 to 4 memory slots
(high end up to 8 memory
slots) and are what determine
the type of RAM used with the https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-7e8b6195c4a9a1de777b0bb243566b8d

computer.
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

VIDEO CARD SLOT

The slot that enable
the user to add the
adapter card for
additional function to
the system. https://www.google.com/search?q=agp+meaning&oq=ag
p+&aqs=chrome.3.69i57j0i131i433i512j0i512j0i131i433i5
12j46i175i199i512l2j0i512l4.6083j0j15&sourceid=chrome
&ie=UTF-
8&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=nfx3Gg_SUA20OM
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

IDE & SATA PORT

A standard interface for
connecting a motherboard
to storage devices such as
hard drives and CD
ROM/DVD drives.
IDE (Integrated Drive
Electronics)
SATA https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerupgradesrepairs.co.u
k%2Fmotherboardexpansionidesata.htm&psig=AOvVaw0PbK43FEf3yWrI6Vt_TbiT&ust=166
4263541619000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAkQjRxqFwoTCLjvqoD3sfoCFQAAAAAd
AAAAABAS

(Serial AT Attachment)
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

BIOS CHIPS & BATTERY

They set up the
computer and boot the
operating system.
BIOS Basic Input &
Output System
CMOS Complementary
metal oxide https://miro.medium.com/max/1280/1*9IUYhY2kmfTJXriKmKNr9g.png

semiconductor
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

FRONT PANEL
It is where the https://pcguide101.c
om/wp-
content/uploads/202

connectors of hard disk 1/09/front-panel-

connectors-cables-
watermarked-
450x338.jpg

drive activity lights, case

speaker, reset button,
power on/off button,
computer power on https://pcguide101.com/wp-
content/uploads/2021/09/front-panel-
connectors-cables-watermarked-
450x338.jpg

light, and key lock, are

connected to make them
function smoothly.
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

NORTHBRIDGE
It coordinates the
flow of data between
the CPU, graphics
card, and RAM.

https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/archive/articles/paedia/hardware/mobo-guide-1.media/430HX.png
 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

SOUTHBRIDGE
The other one,
handles all the
computer’s
input/output
functions.

https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/archive/articles/paedia/hardware/mobo-guide-1.media/430HX.png
https://i0.wp.com
/winstartechnolo
gies.com/wp-
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2019/08/2000px-
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 PARTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD

REAR CONNECTOR
The portion of the
motherboard that
allows you to connect
external devices, such https://images.anandtech.com/doci/7945/ASUS%20AM1M-I%20IO.png

as your monitor,
speakers, keyboard,
and mouse.
Ports
• External connecting sockets
on the outside of the
computer. This is a pathway
into and out of the
computer. A port lets users
plug in outside peripherals,
such as monitors, scanners
and printers. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsteemit.co
m%2Fcomputerports%2F%40zazaibot%2Fcomputer-
ports&psig=AOvVaw2Jc4LVzykKysM7hOnDyP3c&ust=16642734854
49000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAkQjRxqFwoTCIiLvIecsvoCF
QAAAAAdAAAAABAH
Cables • A cable is most often two or more wires
running side by side and bonded, twisted or
braided together to form a single assembly,
but can also refer to a heavy strong rope.
TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION

Serial Port - Intended for serial

https://m.media-
amazon.com/images/I/7
type mouse and older camera.
1bMeffueGS._AC_SL150
0_.jpg

https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HLB1E2
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RS232-Serial-Camera-Module-
ZRL._AC_SX466_.gif
RS232-TTL-CMOS-1-4-inch-DC-3-
3v-5V.jpg_Q90.jpg_.webp
TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION
Parallel Port - Also called as printer
port. This is only for old model
printer. It has 25 pins. It is a
female port.
https://www.downtowndoug
brown.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/06/Par
allelPortPicture_256.png

https://5.imimg.com/data5/TestImages/LR/
YP/MW/SELLER-56929091/epson-lq-2090-
dmp-printer-500x500.jpg
TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION

VGA (Video Graphic Array) Port-

Used to connect monitors. It has
https://i.stack.imgur.com/VP33d.jpg
15 pins and it is a female port.
USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port -
High speed serial interface that is
used with almost all devices. It is
used to connect latest model
https://i.stack.imgur.com/Ls3vT.png
printers, pen drives, cell phones
etc. It has 4 pins.
TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION
PS/2 Port - Simple, 6-pin, low-
speed serial connections
commonly dedicated to a
keyboard and mouse
https://svanews.files.wo
rdpress.com/2016/10/
ps2-ports.jpg

https://assets.fatllama.com/images/large/dell-ps2-keyboard-mouse-
combo-07124127.JPG
 TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION
S-Video Port - S-Video
connections are available on
certain source components and
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhope.
com%2Fjargon%2Fv%2Fvideo_port.htm&psig=AOvVaw24qIWkUDZdj5FUWw
ZxDPLM&ust=1664279984867000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAwQjRx
video display devices and offer a
higher level of video performance
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over composite video signals.

https://previews.123rf.com/images/arnut09job/arnut09job170
4/arnut09job170400014/76543039-s-video-convert-to-
component-plug-cable-on-white-background.jpg
TYPES OF PORT FUNCTION

Audio Port –
Intended for plugging in the
https://e115.engr.ncsu.edu/wp-
speaker or headset.
content/uploads/sites/32/2020/05/433898_original.png

LAN (Local Area Networking) Port

- A physical interface often used for
terminating twisted pair type
cables used to connect computers
onto a local-area networks (LAN),
https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/ie/su
especially Ethernet RJ-45
connectors.
pport/lucidcx/connectingtoawiredlan.png?$ORIGIN_PNG$
TYPES OF CABLE FUNCTION
PS/2 jacks –
are intended for the PS/2 port https://assets.f
atllama.com/im

specifically for PS/2 type of

ages/large/dell
https://ae01.alicdn.co -ps2-keyboard-
m/kf/H887d490d5cc8 mouse-combo-
428caa6c6cb56272e1 07124127.JPG

keyboard and mouse.

2bH.jpg

Audio jack -
This type of audio jack is intended
for the audio and microphone
port.
https://soundgearlab.com/wp-
content/uploads/2021/11/screen_2x.jpg
TYPES OF CABLE FUNCTION

https://w7.pngwing
.com/pngs/171/44
4/png-transparent-
S-video jack –
is obviously for S-Video port.
s-video-composite-
video-electrical-
connector-
component-video-
mini-din-connector-
others-adapter-
cable-electrical-
connector.png

Monitor jack -
This monitor jack is intended for
the VGA (Video Graphic Array)
https://sg-media.apjonlinecdn.com/wysiwyg/blog/vgacable.jpg port.
TYPES OF CABLE FUNCTION
USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug –
This is intended for USB port.
Modern or new model of peripherals
like printer, camera, scanners and
https://ides.winnefox.org/sites/ides.winnefox.org/files/USB.png
even other portable computer
attachments used USB type of plugs.
Printer cable jack -
This printer cable jack is intended
for the parallel port.

https://www.globalspec.com/ImageRepository/LearnMore/20176/SCSI_25-
50d9fc36cf2c404a46adf8e369199d5065.png
TYPES OF CABLE FUNCTION
RJ45 “Registered Jack," –
is a type of connector commonly
used for Ethernet networking.

https://forum.huawei.com/enterprise/en/data/attachmen
t/forum/202203/09/200419d440ga71o4qoi0j8.png

Power cord -
is the most important cord
because it connects the computer
to the main source of electricity to
https://www.kindpng.com/picc/m/101-1012630_power-cord-for-ps3-
ps4-power-cord-canada.png make it functional.
SUMMARY
NUMBER OF ITEMS IDENTIFIED SCORE
1–3 5
4–6 10
7–9 15
10 – 12 20
13 – 14 25
15 30