FORMATIVE 1 (28/30)

1. It is a systematic and unbiased way of solving a problem.

NOTE: Select the best answer.

= RESEARCH

2. Through generating 'verifiable data', means that you have a conclusion on

research

= TRUE

3. Why use research methods to solve problems? Because, to rely on authority

(parents, superior, police, etc.)

= TRUE

4. Why use research methods to solve problems? Because, of what others think.

= FALSE

5. Why use research methods to solve problems? Because, intuition (instincts or

feelings)

= TRUE

6. Another name for answering question in research is called Hypotheses

= TRUE (NOTE SURE)

7. Research is a systematic and unbiased way of solving a problem

= TRUE

8. We research because, we rely on our common sense (apply simple logic)

= TRUE

9. Another name for answering question in research?

= HYPOTHESES (NOT SURE)

10. Research is a systematic and unbiased way of solving a problem

= TRUE

11. A systematic and unbiased way of solving a problem (by answering questions or
supporting hypotheses) through generating ___________ data.

= VERIFIABLE

12. It is a systematic and unbiased way of solving a problem.

= RESEARCH

13. We used ______ methods because, to rely on authority (parents, superior,

police, etc.)

= RESEARCH

14. Information is the fundamental definition we need, so we need to understand

systematic, unbiased, hypotheses and verifiable

= FALSE

15. Information is the fundamental definition we need, so we need to understand

systematic, unbiased, hypotheses and verifiable

= FALSE

16. Assumed irrelevant is an extraneous variable believed not to play any role in the
research.

= TRUE

17. The research (or alternative) hypothesis is a positive statement about what the
researcher expects to find.

= TRUE

18. An independent variable is an explanatory variable that is a presumed cause of

variation in another explanatory variable(s).
= TRUE

19. A hypothesis is a statement that can be empirically tested.

= TRUE

20. A dependent variable is an explanatory variable that is presumed to be affected

by the independent variable(s).

= TRUE

21. Extraneous variables are random variables that are not objects of research.

= TRUE

22. Controlled is an extraneous variables that are either manipulated or included in a

statistical model) to exclude their effect on the relationship between independent
and dependent variables.

= TRUE

23. Uncontrolled is an extraneous variables that have not been controlled.

= TRUE

24. A RANDOM variable is something that varies over time or over subjects.

= TRUE

25. Analysis means both qualitative and quantitative methods

= TRUE

26. Analysis means processing and summarizing information.

= TRUE

27. Descriptive is a simple statistics relate description of sample to description of

population.
= TRUE

28. A RANDOM variable also used to mean not in the operational definition of a
concept (how do we measure something).

= FALSE

29. Proof means that you know the truth for certain.

= TRUE

30. This level of analysis can be of vital importance e, e.g. population size and
unemployment rate for the Philippine population, as done by the Census and
Statistics Department used Level of Analysis technique.

= TRUE

FORMATIVE 2 (27/30)

1. It means that all combinations of sampling units with the specified sample size
have an equal chance of selection

= SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLE

2. Units of analysis are usually the sampling elements, often people or households

= TRUE

3. A probability sample is a sample where all sampling units have a known non-zero
probability of selection.

= TRUE

4. Population is known as the respondents selected from a study

= FALSE (NOT SURE)

5. It is the respondents selected from population for study

= SAMPLE

6. ______ is also means that all sampling units have an equal chance of selection

= SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLE

7. _______ are usually the sampling elements, often people or households. (3

words)

= UNITS OF ANALYSIS

8. Analysis is the extent to which sample that is like the population on

characteristics of interest for research.

= FALSE

9. It means that all combinations of sampling units with the specified sample size
have an equal chance of selection is called simple random sample.

= TRUE

10. Representativeness is essential if we wish to draw conclusions about the

population based on a sample.

= TRUE

11. It involves randomly placing points or lines (transects) on a map and then
measuring distances to objects.

= DISTANCE SAMPLING

12. True or False that, one good example of sampling error would be an internet
survey.

= TRUE (NOT SURE)

 13. True or False that, there are two main approaches – point transects and line
transects in Distance Sampling?

= TRUE

14. It relates to the use of a sample rather than the whole population.

= SAMPLING ERRORS

15. True or False that, a good example in Distance Sampling would be estimating the
number of people marching along Lacson Avenue or the number of people in
Morayta.

= TRUE

16. Causation is observed linkage.

= FALSE

17. Association separates from the question of whether X causes Y, Y causes X or W

causes both X and Y.

= TRUE

18. When researchers find a correlation, this can also be called an ___________.

= ASSOCIATION

19. An example of Causation is like, drinking alcohol is currently necessary to know if

you are an alcoholic

= TRUE

20. When information find a correlation, this can also be called an association.

= FALSE

21. Causal research, also called explanatory research, is the investigation of

cause-and-effect relationships.
= TRUE

22. In Association, if X and Y sometimes both occur and sometimes only one of them
occurs, we can only make probabilistic statements such as, when X occurs then
Y is more likely to occur

= FALSE

23. Causation is an X that cause Y if when X occurs, Y must occur.

= TRUE

24. Causality is the area of statistics that is commonly misunderstood and misused
by people in the mistaken belief that because the data shows a correlation that
there is necessarily an underlying causal relationship .

= TRUE

25. When researchers find a correlation, this can also be called an association.

= TRUE

26. As shown in figure below, identify the type of correlation.

= NEGATIVE CORRELATION

27. Determine the independent variable in the given research question. "How does
phone use before bedtime affect sleep?"

= The amount of phone use before bed

 28. Defined as the causality relationship as meaning that the cause happens prior to
its effect and the cause has unique information about the future values of its
effect.

= GRANGER

29. As shown in figure below, identify the type of correlation.

= POSITIVE CORRELATION

30. In an experiment, we can use a wider range of control mechanisms (including

randomization, and paired controls).

= TRUE