NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE

LEARNING MODULE

COURSE CODE: NSTP 1

COURSE TITLE: NSTP-CWTS 1

PRE-REQUISITES: NONE

NO. OF UNITS: 3

CONTACT HOURS: 54 Hrs

PLACEMENT: 1st Year, 1st Semester

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course includes program or activities contributory to the welfare & the betterment of life
for the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities especially those
devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and
morals of the citizenry.

MODULE 1: NSTP PROGRAM (RA 9163)

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE As part of the main goal of NSTP, the WCC-ATC Mission, Vision, Core Values,
Prayer and Background is included in this module. To be a good Filipino citizen,
students shall start enhancing their civic consciousness in their own school. NSTP
history and Background will also discussed in this Module including NSTP components
and its Mission, Vision and Core Values.
LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, students should be able to:
1. Understand deeply the vision and mission of the school and its core values;
2. Show understanding of the NSTP
3. Recognize the CWTS as the component of NSTP that aims to help alleviate social
problems through the different community services.
4. Express commitment to be actively involved in various community services.
TERM PRELIM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3- 4.5 hrs
CONTENTS WCC VISION
We are one of the Asia’s top aviation focused universities recognized to produce
graduates who can contribute in nation building and global progress.

WCC MISSION
WCC Aeronautical and Technological College offers quality aviation education by
means of a comprehensive curricular offering, unmatched experiential learning
approach, industry-involved instructors, and excellent and modern facilities to graduate
professionals in aeronautics and leaders of the world.

WCC CORE VALUES

• EXCELLENCE
In a toil and labor, I give my best effort. Where there is a need for sacrifice, I am always
ready to offer that extra mile. I shun off mediocrity but rejoice in the success of my
pursuits.
• LEADERSHIP
Inspired by the words of Christ “I came not to be serve”. I help the community through
an excellent, competent, humble and righteous direction. Marked by my deep desire to
look after those in need, I plant the seed of my youth to the fertile soil of authentic
Christian leadership.
• INTEGRITY
The Lamb of God has made me complete person. Being such, I cherish a life that shows
the virtues of Christianity. In home, in school, in every work or play, wherever and
whatever circumstances I am in. I become the salt and the light Christ commands
everyone to be. I set the example of a Godly attitude.

WCC-ATC PRAYER
Dear God
In our search for truth, Teach us compassion
Lead us to fulfill our dreams and missions
To honestly discover ourselves again
That we affirm and treasure the wealth within
In Christ’s name we pray
Amen.

CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION TO NSTP-CWTS

This chapter introduces NSTP in accordance with the newly revised

IMPLEMENTING RULES and REGULATIONS (IRR).
NSTP (NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM), consists of:
1. ROTC (Reserve Officers’ Training Corps)
2. CWTS ( Civic Welfare Training Services)
3. LTS ( Literacy Training Service)

NSTP AIMS:
1. inculcate civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the Filipino
Youth.
2. helps to develop in them the ethics of service and patriotism while they
undergo training in any of the program’s three component.
3. enhanced the students’ participation in nation building.

NSTP LAW
The NSTP Law or Republic Act No. 9163 also known as “An Act Establishing the
NSTP for Tertiary-Level Students, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act No. 7077
and Presidential Decree No. 1706, and Other Purposes, was signed by former President
Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo on January 23, 2002.
It is a the consolidation of House Bill No. 3593 and Senate Bill No. 1824 passed by the
House of Representatives and the Senate on December 19, 2001.

NSTP COMPONENTS
1. ROTC (Reserved Officers’ Training Corps)
- institutionalized under the Sections 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077.
- designed to provide military training to motivate, equip, organize, and
mobilize the youth for national defense preparedness.
- it shall instill in them patriotism, moral virtues, respect for rights of
civilians, and adherence to the Constitution.
-OPTIONAL (2002-2003)
2. LTS (Literacy Training Program)
-is designed to provide to train students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to
schoolchildren, out of school youth, and other segments of society in need of such
service.
3. CWTS (Civic welfare training service)
-is designed to actively involve students in activities contributory to the general welfare
and betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement of its
facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneur, safety, recreation, and moral of the citizentry.

Coverage of the NSTP law

The NSTP Law covers the following:
1. All students, both male and female, enrolled in any baccalaureate degrees or in
any two year technical-vocational or non-degree courses in public and private
schools must complete one NSTP components of their choice for two semesters
as a graduation requirement.
2. All higher and technical-vocational institutions, public and private, must offer
at least one NSTP component.
 3. State universities and colleges (SUCs) must offer ROTC and at least one other
NSTP component, LTS or CWTS.
4. The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine Academy
(PMMA), Philippine National Police (PNPA), and other SUCs of similar nature, in view
of the special character of these institutions, are not covered by the NSTP Law.
5. Private Higher Educational Institutional (HEIs) and technical-vocational educational
institutions with at least 350 students cadets may offer ROTC and consequently
establish and maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics, which is still
subject to the existing rules and regulations of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

NSTP-CWTS VISION
To train students to become innovators of social change with a culture of
excellence and to become leaders with integrity, competence, and commitment to render
service to the community.
To develop in the youth the values of patriotism and national pride, discipline
and hard work, integrity and accountability for nation building, and volunteerism as
valuable and effective members of the National Service Corps of CWTS.

NSTP-CWTS MISSION
NSTP-CWTS aims to promote and integrate values education, transformational
leadership, and sustainable social mobilization for youth development, community
building, national renewal, and global solidarity by:
1. Providing relevant activities that will contribute to the physical, intellectual, spiritual,
and social development of students.
2. Inculcating in the students the values of leadership, patriotism, and social
responsibility.
3. Training students to become project planners, designers, and managers of innovative
and sustainable community service-oriented projects.
4. Conducting capability enhancements for civic welfare services geared toward
preparing the youth to become result-oriented social entrepreneurs, volunteers, and a
socioeconomic mobilizing force that serve communities as a value-driven innovators for
progress.
5. Working closely with a network of organizations within and outside the higher
education institutions.
6. Creating opportunities where student can render direct service to the community.

NSTP-CWTS CORE VALUES

NSTP-CWTS fosters the following values:
1. Love for God
2. Human dignity
3. Discipline, truth, goodness, and social responsibility
4. Awareness, innovation, and creativity
5. Respect, synergy, and professionalism
6. Excellence and indigenous learning
7. Protection and Conservation of the environment.
8. Quality service delivery.

NSTP-CWTS MINIMUM STANDARDS

-NSTP-CWTS helps develop informed and self-reliant communities by encouraging
inter-government agency cooperation and providing complementary assistance and
support to facilitate socioeconomic progress, environmental management, and delivery
of basic services, geared toward uplifting the well-being of the people.
-The NSTP-CWTS strategies are an integrative approach to community development,
which unites the people, local officials, civic leaders, and nongovernmental
organizations.
-The NSTP-CWTS 1 is a three (3) unit non-academic course for students who opt to
take the CWTS component of NSTP.
-The minimum standard for NSTP is the development of the common and specific
modules set forth in the IRR.
NSTP-CWTS 1 spans a total of eighty-three training hours for two semesters and
includes seven topics and scope of instruction as follows:
1. Self-awareness and values development deals with the nature of self,
personal development, roots of the Filipino Character, nationalism and patriotism, and
good citizenship values with core Filipino values.
2. leadership training discusses the concepts of leadership, human behavior,
communication, motivation, teamwork, time management, and decision making.
 3. Dimensions of development covers global, national, and local issues on;
a. health
b. education (enhancement of instructional support materials and
facilities)
c. entrepreneur
d. recreation
e. morals of the citizenry and other social welfare concerns such as
voters’ education and poverty alleviations.
5. Community exposure and agency visits refer to the nature, development, and
approaches in community work and community building
6. Community services dwell on drug education, health education (medical and
dental), environmental education, and entrepreneurship and culture.
7. Program evaluation tackles the fundamentals, development, implementation,
monitoring, and evaluation of the program.

REFERENCES WCC Mission and Vision

Course Syllabus
Republic Act No. 9163. (2002). National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.
Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018
LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETION
Number of All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
questions successfully of the of the half of the
successfully completed questions questions questions
completed were were were
successfully successfully successfully
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES

Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than

questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers were written in
sentences sentences in complete written in complete
sentences complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5-9 some of the of too many
has less than spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or on- correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out point, very point. Well on point. answered
 well thought thought out Fairly well with little
out responses thought out. thought

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. How essential is NSTP to your course?
2. Do you consider yourself a good Filipino citizen? How did you say so?
3. If you were to choose, what NSTP component do you want to take? Why?

MODULE 2: THE NATURE OF THE HUMAN PERSON

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE The main objective of this module is to introduce concepts and philosophies of
Human Person. This will make students evaluate characteristics of a human person and
differentiate views of Human Person
It also includes the Hierarchy of Needs by Abraham Maslow.
LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, students should be able to:
1. Describe the nature of the human person.
2. Identify the importance of a person’s ability and capacity
3. Describe a person’s unique qualities that make him/her a productive social being
TERM PRELIM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3-6 hours
CONTENTS THE NATURE OF HUMAN PERSON
The Human Person
 Estañol - defines the human person as having physical, spiritual, emotional, and
intellectual attributes
 St. Thomas Aquinas - describes the human person as having physical and
spiritual substance because he/she has a soul and is created by a Superior Being
with a divine purpose
 Dictionary - define the human person as a “self-conscious animal”

Characteristic of a Human Person

(Babor 2007, The Human Person: Not Real, But Existing)

1. A human person is a rational being

- Free to think
- Capacity to reason
- Distinguish right and wrong
2. A human person is born free
- Freedom to do or not to do but responsible for his/her action
3. A human person is unique
- Own identity unlike any other person
- Different perception, set of values and priorities in life
4. Every person is intrinsically a social being
- Cannot detach himself/herself from other creatures
- He/she is characterized by his/her relationship with other creatures
5. All living things are sexual by nature
- Uniqueness of expression of person’s sexuality makes him/her different
- Expression of person in sexual activity best exemplifies his/her uniqueness
from animals
* Emotion * Attitudes * Feelings
* Actions * Thoughts

Different Views of a Human Person

 Biblical Views
Human person has superiority and dignity inherited from the Supreme Being
According to the book of Genesis, chapter 1, verses 26 to 27 : “God created man and
woman in His own image and likeness and made them masters of the fish in the sea, the
birds, the heaven, the earth, the wild beasts, and all the reptiles that crawl upon the
earth.”
Supreme Being entrusted to the human person the care of creatures

Agbuya (1997)
 “He/She is designated by God to exercise dominion over other creatures in
his/her everyday use of freedom, search for happiness, and openness to the world around
him/her. And what makes him/her human is his/her being a true person, which includes
the special gifts and talents of thinking, loving, longing for happiness, and making
decision. The human nature was patterned after the image of God.”

 Philosophical View
Protagoras – “a human person is the measure of all things that exist and all things that
do not exist”
Plato – “claimed that the perfect human being does not exist in this world because what
is in this world is just an imperfect copy of humanity’s original self in the realm of
ideas”
Parmenides – “posited that a person has knowledge of something that exists, for a person
who does not exist is nothing”

Maguigad (2006), Philosophy of the Human Being

1. Conservatism
- not entirely positive view and definitely non-egalitarian
- some men contribute more than others in the society, and, therefore, must be
rewarded and honored by the society
- this is in line with one of the Confucian ethical ideas which states that the
superior man must rule and the commoner must bow before his authority
2. Liberalism
- more egalitarian
- believes that all men are capable of reason and rational action and have the
capacity to live satisfactory and productive lives
- According to Mencius : “Every human being can become a sage king, that is,
anyone can gain the wisdom to rule.”
3. Socialism
- the human being readily engages in cooperative social activities when given
the opportunity
- Marx believes that man is driven primarily by desire for economic gains
- In his Das Kapital, he considers the human person as a social animal; if he/she
fails to relate actively with others and with nature, he/she loses himself/herself
and becomes alienated. His/Her drives lose human qualities and assume animal
qualities.
4. Fascism
- holds that what matters most is the country itself
- his/her faith is merely secondary when it comes to the country
- like the conservatives, the fascists contend that some beings are naturally and
racially better than others

 Classical Greek Views

Define the human person as “a rational animal”
As a vegetative creature, the human person needs to grow, develop, and
reproduce
As a sentient being, he/she needs sensory perceptions to gain knowledge
A human person is capable of knowing, loving, and believing, which leads
him/her to be fully aware of his/her humanity

 Sociological Views
Salcedo (2004) states that people look at this social world or at the various ways
that human beings behave in a social way
Sociology as an academic discipline itself is based on the recognition that
human beings are not one-dimensional but rather multi-dimensional
For example
In our society, people work (economic dimension),
have the opportunity to vote in elections (political dimension),
and live in different areas of the country (geographic dimension).

What interests sociologists in this regard might be the relationship between

these three dimensions – how does the area which people live affect the type of work
they do and how does the type of work they do affect how they vote in elections?

San Juan (2007) propose some common ideas about the human person
1. Human persons are social animals
 2. The human person’s social behavior is learned, not instinctive
3. To understand the human person’s social behavior, we have to focus our
attention on the groups to which people belong
4. Sociology is a discipline that looks into the totality of relationships in an
individual’s life.

Hierarchy Of Needs
By : Abraham Maslow

REFERENCES Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.

Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018
LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETION
Number of All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
questions successfully of the of the half of the
successfully completed questions questions questions
completed were were were
successfully successfully successfully
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES

Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than

questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers were written in
sentences sentences in complete written in complete
sentences complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5-9 some of the of too many
 has less than spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or on- correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out point, very point. Well on point. answered
well thought thought out Fairly well with little
out responses thought out. thought

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What view/s of human person most define yourself? Explain and site some
scenario.

MODULE 3: VALUES DEVELOPMENT FOR GOOD CITIZENSHIP

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE Values are primarily an unconscious process. They act like a filter. Every decision we
make, every e-value-ation, passes through this filter and affects our assessment of a
situation. It is how we determine what is right, what is wrong, from our model of the
world. This module discuss the “PREAMBLE”, philosophy of values, Filipino values,
Good Citizenship values, the different roots of Filipino Character, and Personal
Development Plan.
LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, students should be able to:
1. Define and expound on the nature and philosophical values of being a Filipino
2. Cite popular Filipino values of good citizenship
3. Relate the concepts discussed to real-life situations
TERM PRELIM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3 hours/week
CONTENTS What is a good Filipino citizen?

A good Filipino citizen is one who plays an active and intelligent role as a
member of the community. He is one who fulfils his duties and obligations to the
government and society. He possesses the traits of respectfulness, courtesy and
consideration for parents and elders and for others. He observes punctuality, promptness,
and good moral conduct. Coloma, T.M. and Herrera,M.M.

How can you become good citizens?

You can become good citizens by living in accordance with the good citizenship values
we can derived from the preamble of the 1987 constitution;

The Preamble

“We the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to
build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our
ideals and aspiration, promote the common good; conserve and develop our
patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence
and democracy under the rule of law and regime of truth, justice, freedom, love
equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.”

Philosophy of Values

 Understanding the philosophy of human values is necessary in understanding

Filipino values such as family closeness and solidarity, politeness, hospitality
and Gratitude.
  Values are both subjective and objective. They involve a subject or person who
values and an object or value to be realized.

 Justice is objective because it is a value that should be realized by all. There is a

difference between values and disvalues such as pleasure and pain, life and
death, poverty and affluence, heroism and cowardice, truth and error, right and
wrong, holiness and sinfulness. The difference is not only in the mind or a
matter of personal taste or preference. It is real and evident.

Filipino Values

 It is obvious that certain values take on for us a distinctively Filipino

flavor. The Greek ideal of moderation or meden agan, the Roman in medio
stat virtus, and the Confucian and Buddhist doctrine of the Middle, find
their Filipino equivalent hindi labis, hindi kulang, katamtaman lamang.

 Speaking of Filipino values, we do not mean that elements of these Filipino

values are absent in the values systems of other peoples and cultures. All
people eat, talk, and sing; but they eat different foods, speak various
languages, and sing different songs. The difference lies in the way these
elements are ranked, combined, or emphasized.

 Universally human values in the Filipino context (historical, cultural,

socioeconomic, political, moral and religious) take on a distinctive set of
Filipino meanings and motivations. This is true not only of the aims and
goals, beliefs, convictions, and social principles of the traditional values
system of the lowland rural family. A Filipino values does not exist alone,
in isolation, or in a vacuum. Filipino values like bahala na, utang na loob,
hiya, pakikisama, and pakiusap are clustered around core values.

 Values in the sense of historical consciousness had evolved among Filipino

people, leading to the concept of justice evolving from inequality to equality
and to human dignity. From the tribe, to the family, and to the nation,
consciousness of the different values varies from different periods of the
history.
Ganito kami noon; paano kayo ngayon?

Good Citizenship Values

1.Love for God or Pagkamaka-Diyos.

The Philippines is the only Christian nation in Asia, our population being
predominantly Catholic. Therefore, religiousness is a prime Filipino Value. Faith is the
deeply rooted submission to a divine Creator and believing his authority over all creation
and putting oneself in the hand of the divine Authority are an expression of faith in and
unconditional love for God.

2. Love for Fellowmen or Pagkamaka-Tao.

St. Paul defines love is a different way: Love is patient, it never fails, it is eternal. There
are faith, hope, and love and the greatest of these is love. It illustrates the real essence of
love, which strengthens the foundation of the family and other social groupings. It is the
strongest force within the human community. It provides deeper meaning to the purpose
of human existence.

3. Love for Country or Pagkamaka-Bayan.

Progressive countries are able to attain their economic goals because the people
have trust and confidence in their governments and actively supporting their policies and
Programs.

4.Love for the Environment or Pagkamaka-Kalikasan.

Environment refers to everything that surrounds us from the natural world to the
man-made physical structures. Human interventions have at times gone beyond the limits
of the domain reserved for human utilization.

Roots of the Filipino Character

Here are some highlights from “A Moral Recovery Program: Building a People
Building a Nation” by Patricia Licuanan (1988). The strengths and weaknesses of the
Filipino have their roots in many factors such as;

1. The Family and Home Environment.

Childbearing Practices, family relations and family attitudes and orientation are
the main components of the home environment. Attempts to maintain discipline come in
the form of many “No’s and “don’ts” and a system of criticism to keep children in line.
In the family, children are taught to value family and to give it primary importance.

2. The Social Environment.

The main components of the social environment are Social structures and social
system such as interpersonal religious and community interaction. The social
environment of the Filipino is characterized by a feudal structure with great gaps
between the Rich minority and the poor Majority. The Filipino is raised in an
environment where one must depend on relationships with others in order to survive.
Sensitivity about hurting established relationships controls our behavior.

3. Culture and Language.

Characteristics as warmth and person orientation, devotion to family, and sense
of joy and humor are part of our culture and are reinforced by all socializing forces like
the family, school, and peer group. Aside from emphasizing interpersonal values,
Filipino culture is also characterized by an openness which easily incorporates foreign
elements without a basic consciousness of our cultural core. This is related to our
colonial mentality and to the use of English as the medium of instruction in school.

4. History.
We are the product of our colonial history, which is regarded by many as the
culprit behind our lack of nationalism and our colonial mentality. Colonialism developed
a mind-set in the Filipino which encouraged us to think of the colonial power as
superior and more powerful. The American influence is more ingrained in the
Philippines because the Americans set up a public school system where we learned
English and the American way of life. Another vestige of our colonial past is our basic
attitude toward the government, which we have learned to identify as foreign and apart
from us.

5. The Educational System.

The educational system leads to other problems for us as a people. The lack of
suitable local textbooks and dependence on foreign textbooks, particularly in the higher
school levels, force Filipino students as well as their teachers to use school materials that
are irrelevant to the Philippine settings. Aside from the influences of the formal
curriculum, there are the influences of the “hidden curriculum”.

6. Religion.
Religion is the root of Filipino optimism and capacity to accept life’s
hardships. However, religion also instills in the Filipino attitudes of resignation and a
preoccupation with the afterlife and superstition.

7. The Economic Environment.

Many Filipino traits are rooted in the poverty and hard life, which refers most of the
Filipinos. Our difficulties drive us to take risks, impel us to work very hard, and develop
in us the ability to survive. Poverty, However, has also become an excuse for graft and
corruption, particularly among the lower rungs of the bureaucracy.
 8. The Political Environment.
The Philippine political environment is characterized by a centralization of
power. Political power and authority are concentrated in hands of the elite and the
participation of most Filipinos often is limited to voting in election.
Similarly, basic services from the government are concentrated in Manila and its
outlying towns and provinces. Majority of the Filipinos are not reached by such basic
services as water, electricity, roads, and health services. Government structures and
system—eg., justice and education are often ineffective or inefficient.

9. Mass Media.
Mass media reinforce our colonial mentality. Advertisements using Caucasian
models and emphasizing a product’s similarity with imported brands are part of our daily
lives. The tendency of media to produce escapist movies, soap operas, comics etc., feed
the Filipino’s passivity. Rather than confront our poverty and oppression, we fantasize
instead.

10. Leadership and Role Models.

Filipinos look up to their leaders as role models. Political leaders are the main
models, when our leaders violate the law or show themselves to be self-serving and
driven by personal interest, when there is lack of public accountability there is a negative
impact on the Filipino.

Personal Development Plan

Jonathan Wells, (2012) in his book Seven Simple Step—Life Transformation

Guide states that success requires an articulated goal. Purpose will set the context and get
you thinking about your life and what is important to you.

1. Your True Self---Begin with some introspection to help you define your values, your
patterns, and your beliefs.

2. Make it Personal---Understand success and achievement, what it means to you and to

others.

3. Know You’re Outcome---Set your goals and how to achieve them. This section
really about knowing where you’re going.

4. Design Success--- Lay out your “Success blueprint”. If the prior section covers where
you’re going, this is about how you’ll get there.

5. Harness the Power---Determine to make your plans a reality. In order to succeed,

you need more than a plan that plan needs to be executed.

6. Accept Success---Establish a mindset to succeed in bringing your desired outcomes to

fruition.

7. Life is Circular---Look forward to the future and move on beyond the completion of
your plan.
REFERENCES Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.
Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018
LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETION
Number of All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
questions successfully of the of the half of the
successfully completed questions questions questions
completed were were were
successfully successfully successfully
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES
 Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than
questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers were written in
sentences sentences in complete written in complete
sentences complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5-9 some of the of too many
has less than spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or on- correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out point, very point. Well on point. answered
well thought thought out Fairly well with little
out responses thought out. thought

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What Filipino Values makes you a better Citizen? Explain why.
2. What are the different citizenship values contained in the preamble? Explain each.
3. Create your own personal development plan.

MODULE 4: LEADERSHIP

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE This sets the tone regarding leadership and learning. The participants reflect
upon their own leadership styles. Individual and interpersonal exercises, feedback,
mini lectures. Theories and tools for leadership of change are presented and the
participants prepare home assignments/projects in their workplaces.

LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of the discussion of this module, students will be able to:
1. have increased knowledge to understand and evaluate organisational,
management and leadership problems and possibilities.
2. have increased knowledge and skills to design and change work organisation,
to contribute to working environments in which everyone is able to contribute
to organisational learning and success.
3. have increased awareness of his/her personal leadership style.
4. have strengthened his/her leadership skills, e.g. interpersonal skills, team
development, conflict management, communication and change skills.

TERM MIDTERM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3-4.5 hrs
CONTENTS TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Human Behavior

- Is the capacity of mental, physical, emotional, and social activities

experienced during the five stages of human being’s life --- prenatal,
infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
- It includes the behavior as dictated by culture, society, values, morals, ethics,
and genetics.
 Human Development or developmental psychology – is a field of study
that attempts to describe and explain the changes in human cognitive, emotional, and
behavioral capabilities and functioning over the entire life.

Motivation

- encompasses the internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy
in people to be continually interested in and committed to a job, role, or
subject, and to exert persistent effort in attaining a goal.
- It is results from the interaction among conscious and unconscious factors
such as:
1. intensity of desire or need
2. incentive or reward value of a goal
3. expectations of the individual and of
his or her significant others.

According to JOHN SWINDELLS (2012)

- motivation means the drive and ambition needed to achieve our goals. We all need
that extra push at some stage of our life, whether it be at work, in school, or home.
- we need motivation to get a job done and achieve a goal.
-self-motivation can work for some people.

Good Leadership

- Leadership pertains to the qualities exemplified by a leader.

- It also refers to acts of leading or the “process of social influence in which
one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a
common task”.

Characters of a Good Leader

Here are ten (10) essential characteristics of a good leader. Do you think you possess
them?

1. Vision
- good leaders know where they want to go and they can motivate people to
believe in their vision for their country, community, and family. Good leaders view
things as what they could be and not simply as what they are.

2. Wit
- good leaders can make sound jugdments and decisions even during crucial
situations.

3. Passion
- good leaders are very passionate and intensely obsessed in whatever they are
focused on, be it business, sport, or hobby.

4. Compassion
- good leader show compassion for their supporters and followers. They
possess exemplary coaching and development skills.

5. Charisma
-good leaders are captivating, charming individual who tend to draw people
toward them. It could be because of the way they talk, or carry themselves. They
excel in building relationships and eliciting performance from their group.

6. Communication Skills
- good leaders are usually great orators and persuaders. They can express their
ideas clearly and convincingly.

7. Persistence
- good leaders are determined to attain their goals in spite of obstacles and
problem. They believe that the benefits of attaining their goals outweigh the
risks and hardship.

8. Integrity
-good leaders mean what they say. They walk the talk, practice what they
preach, and keep they promises. They are reliable.

9. Daring
-good leaders are bold, willing to take risks, and resolved to chase their
dreams amid the reality of fear and uncertainty.

10. Discipline
-Good leaders observe self-control and order. Good leaders manage to stay
focused and steady regardless of the situation.

JOHN C MAXWELL (1999) says that a leader should help people recognize, develop,
and refine the personal characteristics needed to be a truly effective leader, the kind of
people will want to follow.

These are some traits of that leader:

1. Character
- is the quality of a person’s behavior as revealed in habits, thoughts and
expressions, attitudes and interests, actions, and personal philosophies in life. There are
always two paths to choose from: character and compromise, opt for
character.

2. Charisma
- is a special spiritual gift bestowed temporarily by the Holy spirit on a group
or an individual for the general good. It is an extraordinary power in the person, group
, or cause, which take hold of popular imagination and wins popular support.

3. Commitment
-engages one to do something as a continuing obligation. It is a state of
intellectual and emotional adherence to some political, social, and religious theory of
action.

4. Communication
- is a two way process of reaching mutual understanding, in which
participants do not only exchange (encode-decode) information but create and
share meaning. The meaning of communication is in the response and not in what is
said or how it is said.

5. Competence
- it is the capacity of a person to understand a situation and to respond to it
accordingly and reasonable. A core competency is fundamental knowledge,
ability, or expertise in a specific area.

6. Courage
- is the quality of the mind that enables a person to face difficulty and danger,
without fear. In begins with an inward battle. It is making things right, not just
smoothing one’s over. It inspires commitment from followers. Life expands
in proportion to your courage.

TRANSACTIONAL AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP

Transactional Leadership
- Is based on power that makes use of rewards and coercion to deliver benefits
to members (patronage), or to force or instill fear as illustrated by
colonization, vote buying, and similar methods.

Transformational Leadership
- Or real leadership starts from the recognition of what the members need and
steps towards achieving these, relating rewards to effort.
- The LEADER acts a role model. He/she lives out values, demonstrates personal
qualities, is approachable and accessible, and accepts pressure to perform.

- The LEADER treats people as individuals and involves many decision making,
seeks to empower and give maximum freedom, and is concerned to develop members
collectively and individually.

Behaviors of a Transformational Leader

1. Is articulate in compelling vision of the future

2. Uses stories and symbols to communicate his or her vison and message
3. Specifies the importance of having a strong sense of purpose and a collective
mission
4. Talks optimistically and enthusiastically and expresses confidence that goals
with achieved
5. Engenders the trust and respect of his or her followers by doing the right
things rather than simply doing right things
6. Instills pride in employees
7. Talks most about important values and beliefs
8. Considers the moral and ethical consequences of decisions
9. Seeks different perspectives when solving problem
10. Encourages employees to challenge old assumptions and to think about
problems in new ways
11. Spend time teaching and coaching
12. Considers each individual employee’s different needs, abilities, and
aspirations
13. Is compassionate, appreciative, and responsive to each employee and
recognizes and celebrates each employee’s achievements.

Four Components of Transformational Leadership

1. Charisma
-the leaders charisma or idealized influence is envisioning and confident, and
he/she sets high standards to be followed.

2. Inspirational Motivation
-the leader’s inspirational motivation provides followers with challenges and
meaning for engaging in shared goals and undertakings.

3. Intellectual Stimulation
-the leader’s intellectual stimulation moves followers to question assumptions
and generate more creative solutions to problem.

4. Individualized Consideration
- the leader treats each follower as an individual and provides coaching,
mentoring, and growth opportunities.

The Transformation of Values, Processes, and Institutions would appear as

follows:

A. Transformation of values
 From power as a dominion to power as liberation
 from war and conflict to fear
 From efficiency consideration to equality and equity (balance between
genders)
 From growth to sustainability
 From “winner-take-all-norm” to sharing and caring.


B. Transformation of processes
 From hierarchical to participatory
 From corrupt to clean
 From secretive to transparent
 From burdensome to empowering

C. Transformation of institution
  from bureaucratic to egalitarian, responsive, and accountable

Moving from Transactional Leadership to Transformational Leadership requires

a shift in Leadership Functions:

1. People are taking more responsibility for own decisions. This situation
requires the leader to provide conditions for creativity and develop fewer
levels of leadership-flatter structures.

2. Leaders concentrate on strategy to help people respond to the changing

world.

Transformational leadership has three types of functions:

 Task Function,
 Team Function, and
 Individual Functions.

There has to be balance among the three function.

1. Transformational leadership and task functions

 Defining the task – involves others
 Making the plan – involves others
 Allocating the task – involves others than the leader giving out task
 Controlling the task – uses peer pressure and self-control rather than
being disciplinary
 Checking the performance – more self-management within the
transformational approach
 Adjusting the plan – with group review

2. Transformational leadership and team functions

 Setting the standards – involves the group
 Enforcing discipline
 Promoting team spirit
 Encouraging and motivating
 Developing sub-leaders
 Communicating with the group – has to be open and honest
 Training – lifelong learning process everyone needs to undergo

3. Transformational leadership and individual functions

 Attending the personal problems
 Praising individuals, enhancing confidence
 Giving status pride
 Using abilities of the people within the organization– training as a
continuing process
 Involving individual in decision-making process

LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

• Develop a pool of leaders

 Find people with basic leadership qualities
 Widen the “catchment area”
 Assure a democratic process

• Provide knowledge and skills

 Build leaders’ personal capacities
 Recognize this as a lifelong process

• Support active leaders

 Actively support leaders continuously and not to place them in the
position and leave them there.

A leader has wholehearted faith and belief in the rightness of a cause. A leader who
shows his or her full support to an organization indirectly tells the members to do the
same.
 1. A leader should be energetic, sympathetic, friendly, and understanding to
ensure the enthusiastic cooperation of followers.

2. He/she should have confidence in knowing and doing his/her job to gain
the confidence of followers.

3. He should be an example to followers.

Seven Habits of Highly Effective People

Adapted from Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, by Stephen Covey (2007)

1. Be Proactive.
- Proactive means being able to take responsibility for your life. You
have the freedom to choose your behavior and response stimuli. Use your
creativity and have some initiative. You are the one in charge.

2. Begin with the end in mind.

-Know where you want to go. When making plans and decisions, see
to it that the time and effort that will be spent conforms to what you want to
achieve. Envision your goal and make it happen.

3. Put first things first.

- Practice self-management. Know your priorities.

4. Think Win-Win.
- Look at life as a cooperative arena, not a competitive one. Enter
agreement or make solution that are mutually beneficial and satisfying to both
parties.

5. Seek first to Understand, then to be Understood.

- A saying goes, “The best way to understand is to listen”. The
practice of empathy govern this habit. It is about putting yourself on the shoes
of the other person. By listening to his/her explanation, only then can you
evaluate, probe, give advice, and interpret the persons’ feeling.

6. Synergize.
- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. More tasks can be
done if all things within reach are maximized and utilized. Synergize is the
habit of creative cooperation. Better result can be produced as a group than as
individual.

7. Sharpen the Saw.

- What you have learned a couple of years back will have become
outdated. Many things evolve and develop so fast that you need to update
through various food-for-the brain resources.

TEAMWORK

 Is the process of working collaboratively with a group of people in order to

achieve a goal.
 Teamwork means that people will try to cooperate by using their individual
skills and providing constructive feedbacks, despite any personal conflict
between individuals.
 Teamwork brings people together for a common purpose or goal and
subordinates the needs of individuals to the needs of the group.
 When groups have common goals, teamwork is vital to success.

TIME MANAGEMENT

Adapted from the writing of Paulla Estes edited by Niki Foster (May 28, 2012)

 Time management is the art of arranging, organizing, scheduling, and

budgeting one’s time for the purpose of generating more effective work and
 productivity.

 Time management is important for everyone, necessary for students, teachers,

factory workers, professionals, and homemakers.

 An important aspect of time management is planning ahead. Sometimes

successful time management involves putting in more time at the outset in
order to reorganize one’s life.

 Good time management involves keeping a schedule of the tasks and

activities that have been deemed important. Keeping a calendar or daily
planner is helpful to stay on task, but self-discipline is also required.

 Get on top of your time management, get organized, and stay on task, but live
your life. Schedule some time off everyday and at least one day off each
week. Be organized, but do not be a slave to time management.

DECISION MAKING

Decision making is a process that involves selecting the most logical choice from
among two or more options. Making a decision is instrumental in survival and
prosperity of human beings.

Consider the following in decision making:

1. Identification of alternative solutions
2. Evaluation of possible options to determine which one meets the decision
objectives.
3. Selection of the best option after in-depth evaluation

Involvement in Decision Making

Every group has to make a decision at one time or another and all the member have to
make a commitment to choose the best option available. The following are the
different types of involvement in making decisions.

1.Consensus or agreement involves compromising various possibilities after all

opinions have been heard.

2. Majority voting is consider the most effective way to make a decision.

3. The minority is not consciously organized, but a few powerful personalities

dominate the group, often unconsciously.

4. The silent consensus of some groups leads to unanimous decisions. This type of
agreement in decision making is rarely used on important issues.

5. The clique is a small group who plans beforehand to get their way in decision
making, because they are better organized than those who disagree.

6. The handclasp happens when one person makes as suggestion and another
commends it . Without further discussion.

7. The one-person decision is quickly made, but later when the decider needs free or
voluntary support from others to implement the decision.
8. The plop occurs when a group makes a decision by not making a decision at all
someone makes a suggestion, but it is dropped like a stone and no one pays any
attention to it.

REFERENCES Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.

Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018
 Dela Cruz, Sonia G. et.al. National Development via National Service Training
Program – RA 9163 (CWTS 1)
Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corporation, 2010

LEARNING ACTIVITES / I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETION
Number of All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
questions successfully of the of the half of the
successfully completed questions questions questions
completed were were were
successfully successfully successfully
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES

Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than

questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers were written in
sentences sentences in complete written in complete
sentences complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5-9 some of the of too many
has less than spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or on- correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out point, very point. Well on point. answered
well thought thought out Fairly well with little
out responses thought out. thought

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What are the most important values and ethics you demonstrate as a leader? Give
me an example of these in practice.

2. Name some situations in which a leader may fail. Tell me about a time when you
failed as a leader.

3. All leaders have to deal with conflict situations. Describe a recent disagreement you
personally had to handle.

4. How have you persuaded someone to follow your strategic vision for the
organization?
 5. What was the most significant change you brought about in an organization?

MODULE 5: FUNDAMENTALS OF GROUP DYNAMICS

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE When a good dynamic exists within a group working toward a common goal, each
individual member will perform effectively and achieve goals set by the group.
Poor group dynamics can adversely affect performance, leading to a negative outcome
on the common goal or project. Many variables contribute to a good work dynamic.

LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, students should be able to;
1. State the fundamentals of group and group dynamics
2. Explain concepts, characteristics, and types of groups
3. Classify groups as formal and informal
TERM MIDTERM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3 hours/week
CONTENTS
What is GROUP?

A combination of two or more people with common interest and goal

Dictionary
1. A number of people or things that are located, gathered, or classed together
Psychologists
2. A collection of individuals who find their association with one another
rewarding.
Henry Clay Lingen and John H. Harvey (1981)
-they define group as two or more persons engaged in social interaction.
- it implies that each member of a group is aware of the other members
and their influence.

GROUP DYNAMICS

- the social process by which people interact in a small group and in a face to face
manner.
According to Keith Davis (1982), states that dynamics comes from the Greek word –
dunamis which means “force”.
Group dynamics then refers to the study of forces operating within a group.

FORCES FOUND IN SMALL GROUPS

Elton Mayo – member’s force

Workers tend to establish formal groups that affect job satisfaction and effectiveness

Kurt Lewin – leader’s force

Lewin shows that different kinds of leadership attitudes produce different responses in
groups.

What is Social Group?

 A group will become a social when interaction interplays among its

participants.
 Social group is the foundation of society and culture.
 It consists of two or more people who regularly interact on the basis of mutual
expectations and who share a common identity.

CONCEPT OF SOCIAL GROUP

1. Frequent interaction leads people to share values and beliefs.

This similarity and the interaction cause them to identify with one another.
Identification and attachment, in turn, stimulate more frequent and intense interaction.

2. Groups are among the most stable and enduring of social units.
They are important both to their members and to the society at large.

SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF GROUPS

1+1=3

 This is a logical error in the world of mathematics. In the world of group

dynamics, however, is a rational.

 In a group, there is no such thing as merely as a composition of two people. It

is their relationship that makes it three.

 Good relationship, teamwork, collaboration and interaction makes a group

special. This are the keys to have a better output of their task than an individual
work.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GROUP

1.Collection of two or more people

Groups are composed of two or more persons in a social interaction. One plus
one makes a group or groups then groups form an organization.

2.Common goal or interest

Every member must share a common goal or interest.

3.Interaction and interdependent

In any group there is an interaction and interdependence among the group
members and its either physically or virtually to accomplish the group goal.

4.Collective identity
It is the awareness of each other that most clearly differentiates a group from
an aggregation of individuals.

5.A stable structure

Groups have a defined structure which gives relationship that keeps group
members together and stable functioning as a unit. It clarifies roles, authority and
responsibility of each group members which is important to accomplish group goal.

TYPES OF GROUPS

Groups are generally classified as follows.

1. Primary Group
-is characterized by intimate face to face association and cooperation
among members.
-it involves sympathy and mutual identification which is a form of natural
expression.

2. Secondary Group
- consist of members who are aware and cognizant of personal
relationships, but they do not feel that their lives are bound with one another
except in times of social crisis.
- The members may be separated from one another by distance or by lack
of personal physical contact.
- They can share their interests through correspondents, press, radio,
 telephones, or other means.

KINDS OF FORMAL GROUPS

Formal Groups are divided into the following:

1.COMMAND GROUPS
- are specified by the organizational chart and often consists of a leader
and the members that directly report to the leader.
Example: Academic department head and the faculty members in the
department.

2. TASK GROUPS
- consists of people who work together to achieve a common task.
are brought together to accomplish a narrow range of goals within a specific
time.
Example: Ad hoc committees, project groups, standing committees

3. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
- are created by an organization to accomplish specific goals within an
unspecified time frame. They continue to function even after their goals
have been achieved.
Example: Marketing Department

KINDS OF INFORMAL GROUPS

1. INTEREST GROUPS
- Usually continue over time and may last longer than general informal groups.
- The goals and objectives of interest groups are specific to each group and
may not be related to organizational goals and objectives.
Example: Students who come together to form a study group for a specific
class.

2. FRIENDSHIP GROUPS
- formed by individuals who enjoy similar social activities, political belief,
religious values, or other any common bonds. Members enjoy each other
company.
Example: Students who have an exercise group or meet for a so-called
jamming.

3. REFERENCE GROUPS
- composed of people who are evaluated for social validation and social
comparison.

Social Validation allows individuals to justify their attitudes and values.

Social Comparison helps individuals evaluate their own actions by
comparing themselves to others.

REFERENCES Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.

Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018

Dela Cruz, Sonia G. et.al. National Development via National Service Training Program
– RA 9163 (CWTS 1)
Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corporation, 2010

LEARNING ACTIVITES / I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETION
Number of All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
questions successfully of the of the half of the
successfully completed questions questions questions
 completed were were were
successfully successfully successfully
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES

Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than

questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers were written in
sentences sentences in complete written in complete
sentences complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5-9 some of the of too many
has less than spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or on- correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out point, very point. Well on point. answered
well thought thought out Fairly well with little
out responses thought out. thought

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. What factors affect group dynamics?

2. How do you manage group dynamics?

MODULE 6: HEALTH AWARENESS

OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE Awareness plays a key role in our approach to improving access to healthcare. This
modulediscuss the “Health Awareness”, Health, Different types of Health,
Communicable and non- communicable diseases and their examples.

LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, students should be able to:
1.Define Health awareness, Health and different types of health
2.Differentiate communicable and non-communicable diseases
3.Learn the different examples of communicable and non-communicable
diseases
TERM MIDTERM
WEEK 1-2 weeks
TIME ALLOTMENT 3-6 Hours
CONTENTS HEALTH AWARENESS
Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases
Health
Merriam webster definition:
• The condition or state of something
• The overall condition of someone’s body or mind
World health organization:
- State of complete physical, mental, and social being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity.

Types of health

Physical health
• As opposed to mental or emotional health—is the overall physical
condition of a living organism at a given time. It is the soundness of the
body, freedom from disease or abnormality, and the condition of optimal
well-being. It is when the body is functioning as it was designed to
function.
Emotional health
• Emotional health is defined by the degree to which you feel emotionally
secure and relaxed in everyday life. An emotionally healthy person has a
relaxed body, an open mind and an open heart.

Mental health
Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It
affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress,
relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life,
from childhood and adolescence through adulthood

Social health
• A person's level of support from people and institutions around them
• How well a society does at offering every citizen the equal opportunity to
obtain access to the goods and services critical to being able to function as
a contributing member of society
Environmental health
• Environmental health is the branch of public health concerned with all
aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health. Other
terms referring to or concerning environmental health are environmental
public health, and public health protection/ environmental health
protection. Environmental health is focused on the natural and built
environments for the benefit of human health, whereas environmental
protection is concerned with protecting the natural environment for the
benefit
Spiritual health
• A nursing outcome from the nursing outcomes classification (NOC)
defined as connectedness with self, others, higher power, all life, nature,
and the universe that transcends and empowers the self.

Awareness
Merriam Webster definition:
• feeling, experiencing, or noticing something (such as sound, sensation, or
emotion)
• Knowing and understanding a lot about what is happening in the world or
around you

HEALTH AWARENESS
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve,
their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range
of social and environmental interventions.” –WHO (World Health Organization)

According to Dr. Winslow

The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting
health and efficiency through organized community effort.

According to Hanlon
It is dedicated to the common attainment of the highest level of physical,
mental and social well-being and longevity consistent with available knowledge
and resources at a given time and place. It holds this goal as its contribution to the
most effective total development and life on the individual and this society.

Disease
A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially
one that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and
is not simply a direct result of physical injury.

Types of Diseases
• COMMUNICABLE DISEASE - also known as infectious diseases, are
caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi
that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. 
Dengue, Malaria, Cholera, Avian Influenza (Bird Flu), H1N1,
Typhoid fever
• NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE - also known as chronic diseases,
tend to be of long duration and are the result of a combination of genetic,
physiological, environmental and behavioral factors.
Hypertension, Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Cancer

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
DENGUE
• According to world health organization, dengue is a mosquito-borne viral
infection causing a severe flu-like illness and sometimes can potentially
cause lethal complication.
• Dengue fever is spread by the bite of dengue-infected aedes mosquitoes,
which bite during the daytime, mostly at dawn and dusk. These
mosquitoes are present in the pacific islands and many other tropical
countries.
Signs and Symptoms
• Sudden, high fever
• Severe headaches
• Pain behind the eyes
• Severe joint and muscle pain
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Skin rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of fever
• Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)
Prevention of Malaria
• Avoid mosquito bites through the use of mosquito nets and insect
repellants, spraying insecticides, and draining standing water where
mosquitos lay their eggs.
• No vaccine is currently available in malaria. Preventive drugs must be
taken continuously to reduce the risk of infection

CHOLERA
• Cholera is a severe water diarrhea which can lead to dehydration. Its
caused by eating food or drinking liquids contaminated with a bacteria
called vibrio cholerae.
• Cholera is usually contracted through consumption of food or water
contaminated with vibrio cholerae. H u m a n - t o - h u m a n transmission
rarely happens.
Signs and Symptoms
• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dehydration
Cholera Cause
• Municipal water supplies
• Ice made from municipal water
• Foods and drinks sold by street vendors
• Vegetables grown with water containing human wastes
• Raw or undercooked fish and seafood caught in waters polluted with
sewage
CHOLERA PREVENTION
• Wash hands with soap and water frequently and thoroughly.
 • Drink safe water only.
• Eat food that is completely cooked.
• Avoid raw foods, street foods, and any food from suspicious sources.
• Observe proper hygiene and sanitation at all times.

AVIAN INFLUENZA (BIRD FLU) / H5N1

• Bird flu is a disease of wild birds and domesticated poultry like farm
chickens, ducks, and turkeys. Several avian influenza strains have been
known to cause illness in humans.  
• People may get avian influenza by touching an infected bird, fluid or
surfaces contaminated with fluids from infected birds and then touching
their eyes, nose, or mouth.
• People don't catch the virus from eating fully cooked chicken or eggs
Signs and Symptoms
• cough
• diarrhea
• respiratory difficulties
• fever (over 100.4°F or 38°C)
• headache
• muscle aches
• malaise
• runny nose
• sore throat
Prevention of Bird Flu
• Wash your hands regularly, particularly before and after handling food
• Turn away from other people and cover your mouth with tissues when you
cough or sneeze
• Dispose of tissues immediately after use and wash your hands with soap
and warm water
• Avoid public places if you're ill
• Tell the receptionist at your GP surgery about your symptoms so you can
be seated away from other people and given a surgical mask if necessary
Maintain a good level of general health and have any recommended vaccinations,
such as the pneumococcal vaccination and seasonal flu vaccine, if you're in a high-
risk group – for example, if you have a long-term illness such as asthma or you're
65 or over

H1N1 (Swine Flu)

• Swine flu or H1N1 virus, is a relatively new strain of an influenza virus
that causes symptoms similar to the regular flu. It originated in pigs but is
spread primarily from person to person.
• H1n1 virus is passed from person to person just like other flu strains.
Signs and Symptoms
• chills
• fever
• coughing
• sore throat
• runny or stuffy nose
• fatigue
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• Body aches
Treatment
• Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or
sneeze. Alcohol-based hands cleaners are also effective.
• Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread that way.
• Try to avoid close contact with sick people.
• Influenza is thought to spread mainly person-to-person through coughing
or sneezing of infected people.
• If you are sick, stay home from work or school and limit contact with
others to keep from infecting them.
TYPHOID FEVER
Also known as typhoid , an acute illness most often caused by the
salmonella typhi bacteria or the salmonella paratyphi.
The bacteria are deposited in water or food by a human carrier and are
spread to other people in the area (hawker et al. 2007).
The name typhoid means “resembling typhus”
Typhoid fever is contracted by drinking or eating the bacteria in contaminated food
or water
Signs and Symptoms
• Fever that starts low and increases daily, possibly reaching as high as
104.9 F (40.5 C)
• Headache
• Weakness and fatigue
• Muscle aches
• Sweating
• Dry cough
• Loss of appetite and weight loss
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Rash
• Extremely swollen abdomen
Prevention
• Typhoid fever can be prevented by drinking safe water only, improving
sanitation, and eating well-cooked found while it is still hot.
• Washing the hands often and keeping the surroundings clean will help stop
the spread of infection

NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

HYPERTENSION
- hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. It can lead to severe
complications and increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and death.Blood
pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The
pressure depends on the work being done by the heart and the resistance of the
blood vessels.
Medical guidelines define hypertension as a blood pressure higher
than 130 over 80 millimeters of mercury (mmhg), according to guidelines issued by
the american heart association (AHA) in november 2017.
Around 85 million people in the united states have high blood pressure.
Hypertension and heart disease are global health concerns. The world health
organization (WHO) suggests that the growth of the processed food industry has
impacted the amount of salt in diets worldwide, and that this plays a role in
hypertension.

• Blood pressure consists of two numbers: the systolic pressure (when the
heart beats) and the diastolic pressure (when the heart relaxes): the systolic
pressure is the number above the diastolic pressure
Normal blood pressure
120/80 or lower is considered normal
High blood pressure
140/90 or higher is considered high. If one or both numbers are usually
high, you have high blood pressure or hypertension.
Low blood pressure
Blood pressure that is too low is known as hypotension.
Signs and Symptoms
Headache
Dizziness
Pounding in ears
Nosebleed

Note: These symptoms typically do not occur until high blood pressure
has reached an advanced and even a possibly life threatening
stage.
Prevention of Hypertension
• Quit smoking.
• Limit the intake of alcoholic beverages.
 • Lose weight if you are overweight.
• Exercise well balanced nutritious meals that are low in fat, salt, and
cholesterol and one instead high in fiber.

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
• The term "heart disease" is often used interchangeably with the term
"cardiovascular disease." Cardiovascular disease generally refers to
conditions that involve narrowed or blocked blood vessels that can lead to
a heart attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke. Other heart conditions, such
as those that affect your heart's muscle, valves or rhythm, also are
considered forms of heart disease.
Causes of cardiovascular diseases are as follows:
1. Smoking – cigarette smokers are at greater risk than pipe and cigar
smokers, but all forms of tobacco are proven to be detrimental to the
heart’s health.
2. Diabetes
3. Overweight – persons who have an excess body fat are at a higher risk
than persons of normal weight.
4. Diet high in saturated fat and salt.
5. Family history – children of parents who developed heart disease before
the age of 55 have a higher risk of developing heart disease.
6. Lack of exercise.
7. Age – risk of heart disease increases over the age of 45 in males and over
55 in females.
8. Too much drinking – you are at risk when you take two alcoholic drinks
per day.
9. High blood pressure.
10. Having high cholesterol level.

HEART ATTACK
A heart attack is permanent damage to the heart muscle due to loss of blood flow to
the heart
Stroke
The brain requires unobstructed blood flow to function. Very high,
sustained blood pressure will eventually cause blood vessels to weaken. Over time
these weakened vessels could break, and blood could leak into the brain. The area
of the brain that is being fed by these broken vessels start to die, and this will cause
a stroke.

DIABETES
• Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels
are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone
that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy.
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes
The body does not produce insulin, people usually develop type 1 diabetes
before their 40th year, often in early adulthood or teenage years.
Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1.
Patient with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest
of their life.
Type 2 diabetes
The body does not produce enough insulin or the cells in the body do not
react properly to insulin (insulin resistance).
Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are of this type.
Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes by losing weight
and following a healthy diet.
It gradually gets worse and the patient will probably end up having to take
insulin, usually in tablet form.
Symptoms:
• Increased thirst and urination
• Increased hunger
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands
• Sores that do not heal
• Unexplained weight loss
 CANCER
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential
to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
Classification of cancer:
• Carcinoma - carcinoma refers to a malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin
or cancer of the internal or external lining of the body. Carcinomas,
malignancies of epithelial tissue, account for 80 to 90 percent of all cancer
cases.
• Sarcoma - sarcoma refers to cancer that originates in supportive
and connective tissues such as bones, tendons, cartilage, muscle, and fat.
Generally occurring in young adults, the most common sarcoma often
develops as a painful mass on the bone. Sarcoma tumors usually resemble
the tissue in which they grow.
• Myeloma - myeloma is cancer that originates in the plasma cells of bone
marrow. The plasma cells produce some of the proteins found in blood.
• Leukemia - leukemias ("liquid cancers" or "blood cancers") are cancers of
the bone marrow (the site of blood cell production). The word leukemia
means "white blood" in greek.
• Lymphoma - lymphomas develop in the glands or nodes of the lymphatic
system, a network of vessels, nodes, and organs (specifically the spleen,
tonsils, and thymus) that purify bodily fluids and produce infection-
fighting white blood cells, or lymphocytes. 
• Mixed types - the type components may be within one category or from
different categories. Some examples are:
• Adenosquamous carcinoma
• Mixed mesodermal tumor
• Carcinosarcoma
• Teratocarcinoma
Prevention of Cancer
1. Quit smoking and drinking to significantly lower the risk of several types
of cancer.
2. Stay in the shade and protect yourself with hat, shirt, and sunscreen when
under the sun to prevent skin cancer.
3. Diet is an important part of cancer prevention.
Systematic screening will help detect small irregularities or tumors as early as
possible.

REFERENCES Villasoto, Herminigildo S. et.al.

Human Person Gearing towards Social Development (NSTP-CWTS 1)
Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2018

Dela Cruz, Sonia G. et.al. National Development via National Service Training
Program – RA 9163 (CWTS 1)
Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corporation, 2010

LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ I. Guided by this Rubric please answer the study guide questions below
ASSESSMENT WITH RUBRICS
5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts
COMPLETIO
N All questions At least 85% 60% - 70% Less than
successfully of the of the half of the
Number of
completed questions questions questions
questions
were were were
successfully
successfully successfully successfully
completed
completed completed completed

TYPES OF
RESPONSES

Response to All of the Most of the Sporadic but Less than

questions are responses answers to more than half of the
written in were written the questions half of the answer were
complete in complete were written answers written in
 sentences sentences in complete were written complete
sentences in complete sentences
sentences

QUALITY OF
RESPONSES

Quality of works Not sloppy, Not sloppy Somewhat Very sloppy

(neatness) and very legible, and fairly sloppy but and illegible.
conventions work is legible, work can read Work consist
adhered to it exemplary, consist of 5- some of the of too many
has less than 9 spelling or writing. spelling or
4 spelling or grammatical Work consist grammatical
grammatical error of 10-15 error
errors spelling or
grammatical
error

ACCURACY

Answers / Close to About 80% About 60% Less than

responses are on 100% of the of the of the half of the
point (correct) questions are questions are questions are questions are
and well correct or correct or on accurate or properly
thought-out on-point, point. Well on point. answered
very well thought out Fairly well with little
thought out thought out. thought
responses

STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS:

4. What is Health Awareness?
5. What are the different types of health? Explain each.
6. Define Communicable disease vs Non-communicable disease

Prepared By: Reviewed: Approved:

MARY JANE I. GUINUMTAD LORNA S. BULOSAN, CPA, MBA ROGER A. MARTINEZ JR., DBA
Instructor Dean of CAS AVP for Academics