1 Directed Numbers

1. Number line
increasing in value
Mathematics Tips

negative numbers positive numbers –5 –2 0 2 5

(less than 0) (greater than 0)
5 2 but –5 –2
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
2. Operations among directed numbers
(a) Addition Mathematics Tips
(i) ( a) ( b) a b E.g. (–7) (–9) –7 – 9 –16
(ii) ( a) ( b) a b 9 can be interpreted as ‘move 9 units to the
left’ from the point 7 along the number line.
(iii) ( a) ( b) a b
(iv) ( a) ( b) a b –16 –15 –14 –13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 –7

(b) Subtraction
Mathematics Tips
(i) ( a) ( b) a b
E.g. (–9) – (–7) –9 7 –2
(ii) ( a) ( b) a b 7 can be interpreted as ‘move 7 units to the
(iii) ( a) ( b) a b right’ from the point 9 along the number line.

(iv) ( a) ( b) a b
–9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2
(c) Multiplication
Mathematics Tips
(i) ( a)( b) ab (ii) ( a)( b) ab
For multiplication or division between two
(iii) ( a)( b) ab (iv) ( a)( b) ab
numbers:
(d) Division (i) If the signs of the two numbers are
different, the sign of the product/quotient
+a a −a a
(i) =+ (ii) =− is ‘negative’.
+b b +b b (ii) If the signs of the two numbers are the
+a a −a a same, the sign of the product/quotient is
(iii) =− (iv) =+
−b b −b b ‘positive’.

2 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)

Matching

1. 5 ( 8) • • 2

¥
2. 2 ( 4) • • 42
3. ( 3) 6 • • 2
4. ( 8) ( 4) • • 3
5. ( 6) ( 7) • • 18

Fill in the Blanks

6. 9 ( 4) ( 6) 7. 2 ( 3) 4
9 4 6 ( a) = a 2 ( -3 4 ) multiplication first
( a) = a
-7 2 ( 12 )
-

2 12

10

True or False
8. The sum of two negative numbers must be negative. F
9. When a negative number is divided by a positive number, the quotient must be negative. T
10. The product of two negative numbers must be positive. T

11. 0, 1, 2, 3 are in ascending order. F

Multiple-choice Questions
12. Which of the following expressions is equal to 3 ( 2) ( 6)?
A. (3 2) ( 6) B. (3 2) 6
C. 3 2 6 D. 3 2 6 D
13. Which of the following numbers is the greatest?
1 1
A. – B. –
2 3
1 1
C. – D. – D
4 5

Directed Numbers 3
Find the values of the following expressions (14 19).
14. ( 2)( 3) ( 5) 15. ( 3)( 6)( 9) 16. ( 15) ( 12) ( 6)
=6tf5) 41811-91
1801-61--6-5
=

=
-164 ,
= -30,
=/ "

−5 + 2(−2 )
17. 21 ( 15) ( 5) 18. ( 21) ( 3) ( 4) 19.
−3
-243
'
63-14
-5-4=-17
=
=
=67 -3
" ,

=3 ,

25
20. Use ‘ ’ to mark the number on the number line below.
11

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3

21. (a) Find the sum of 8 and 8.

(b) Find the quotient when 5 is divided by 5.
a) -8-18 b) -5 :-b
=D , =
-

I,

22. A shop owner uses positive and negative numbers to represent the monthly profit and loss of the shop respectively.
Use a suitable directed number to represent the following monthly profit or loss.
(a) A loss of $10 000 should be a negative number -
$10000
(b) No profit or loss $0

4 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)

Find the values of the following expressions (23 25).
 7  2  1
23. 2 ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) 24. 6 ( 2) ( 5) ( 10) 25.  −1  ÷  −2  ×  −7 
 9   3  2 
-6-120
41-59=14
'
=

-5×-2=-5
= -0.08 " =
,

26. Find the results of the following expressions.

(a) Add 3 to the product of 2 and 4.
(b) First divide 6 by 3, then subtract 4 from the quotient.

-441=3+8
A) 3+(-214-4) b) 6÷3
=L
-6-41--2-14=111
,
16 ,

27. There are 10 questions in a test. For each correct answer, candidates will get 5 marks. For each wrong answer,
candidates will get 3 marks. If Alice answers 7 questions correctly in the test, what are her total marks?

451×101-1-3147=50
-21=29
marks ,

i. Alice 's total marks is marks .

28. Peter’s Octopus card had a stored value of $2.3. Peter reloaded the Octopus card with $50 and then bought a box
of chocolate for $53.5 using his Octopus card. Find the new stored value of his Octopus card.

-23+50-53.5=47.7-53.5
=
-

$5.8.

i. The newstoredvalueofhisoc.io/ouscardis-$5.8 .

Directed Numbers 5
29. The following table shows the changes in the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) in Causeway Bay for one day. Each
change is calculated by subtracting the reading at the previous hour from the present reading, e.g. the AQHI at 4 p.m.
was higher than that at 3 p.m. by 1 unit.

3 p.m. 4 p.m. 5 p.m. 6 p.m. 7 p.m. 8 p.m.

0 1 1 1 3 3
(a) If the AQHI at 2 p.m. was 9 units, find the AQHI at 8 p.m.
(b) If the AQHI at 7 p.m. was 4 units, find the AQHI at 3 p.m. Scoring Tips 1

EYA

30. In a game, a player tries to throw 5 darts to hit the dartboard. 3 marks and
10 marks will be award if a dart hits the outer ring and the inner circle
respectively. However, 5 marks will be deducted if a dart does not hit the
+3
dartboard.
(a) What is the maximum score that a player can get? 50 marks +10

(b) (i) What is the minimum score that a player can get? -
25 marks

(ii) If only 1 dart hits the dartboard, what is the minimum score? 3 marks
(iii) Is it possible that a player gets 15 marks after throwing 5 darts?
Explain your answer.
The minimum score that player can get -25 marks
-

a =
-

darts
.
.

.
It is possible that a player gets -15 marks after throwing £ .

Scoring Tips 1 : The AQHI at 7 p.m. was lower than that at 6 p.m. by 3. What was the AQHI at 6 p.m.? The AQHIs at 5 p.m., 4 p.m.
and 3 p.m. can also be found in a similar way.

6 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)

In the number line, different numbers are marked at different positions. For example, in the following number line,
since the number ‘10’ is marked at the 2nd position on the right of zero, the number ‘ 20’ must only be marked at the
4th position on the left of zero.

C A B
–20 0 10

What are the numbers represented by A, B and C on the above number line? Ref: TSA 2014 9ME2, Q21

Solution: Scoring Tips

A 10 2 Use the given information to
5 find the value represented
by the distance between two
B 5 4 neighbouring positions.
20
C 5 3
15

Follow-up
31. What are the numbers represented by D and E on the following number line?
D E
–30 0
D= -30=8
= -3.75
"

F- = -3.756
= -0.625 ,

1. addition 加法 2. directed number 有向數

3. division 除法 4. multiplication 乘法
5. negative number 負數 6. number line 數線
7. positive number 正數 8. subtraction 減法

Directed Numbers 7