8 Areas and Volumes (1)

1. Areas of simple figures

Square Rectangle Parallelogram Triangle Trapezium
a
l

a h h h
w
a
b b b

Area a a Area l w Area b h Area

b h
Area
(a + b) × h
2 2

2. Areas of polygons
(a) Splitting method (b) Filling method
B2

A1 A2
B1

Area A1 A2 Area B1 Area of rectangle B2

3. Prisms

uniform
cross-section

A prism is a solid with uniform cross-sections which are in the form of a Mathematics Tips

polygon. If we cut a prism into many

slices in the direction that is
(a) Volume of a prism base area height parallel to the base faces, all
(b) Total area of all lateral faces of a prism perimeter of base height cross-sections are uniform
cross-sections.
(c) Total surface area of a prism 2 base area areas of all lateral faces
46 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)
Matching

1. 4 cm
4 4
• • Area cm 2
2

I
4 cm

2. 2 cm

2
4 cm
• • Area ( 4 × 3) × 2  cm

3 cm

3.

4 cm
4 cm
4 cm • • Area
( 2 + 3) × 4 cm 2
2
3 cm 3 cm

Fill in the Blanks

4. In the figure, ABCD is a square.
4 cm
Area of BCDFE A D
F
Area of ABCD Area of AEF 6 cm
10 cm
 6× 4 
2 E
 10 × to −  cm
 2 
B C
10 cm

(100 12 ) cm2

88 cm2

5. In the figure, the base of the triangular prism is a right-angled triangle.

10 cm
Volume of the prism
Area of triangular base Height
5 cm

 8 × 5 
3
 × 10  cm 8 cm
 2 
200 cm3

Areas and Volumes (1) 47

True or False
6. When the filling method is used to find the area of a figure, the figure must
be enclosed by a rectangle. T
7. The base of a prism must be a rectangle. F
8. The height of a prism is perpendicular to the base of the prism. F

Multiple-choice Questions
9. Find the area of the figure. 3 cm
2
A. 9 cm
B. 18 cm2 6 cm
2 3 cm
C. 27 cm

:
D. 36 cm2 6 cm

10. Find the area of the figure. 8 cm

A. 40 cm2 4 cm 2 cm
2 6 cm
B. 44 cm
C. 80 cm2
D. 88 cm2

11. The figure on the right shows a prism with a rectangular base. A student
sketches its cross-section parallel to the base. Which of the following
sketches is correct?
A. B.

C. D.
A

Find the area of each of the following figures (12 – 13).

Area of OBDCTOBDA 13.
-9×6-5×4=5×21×2
12. B Area
4 cm
6 cm
5 cm
=
54-20
'
5 cm =
34cm "
D = 20cm?, 9 cm
C A
4 cm 4 cm

48 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)

14. In the figure, find the volume of the cuboid.

SX4X 6 6 cm

=
120 in ,, 4 cm

.
-

The volume of the cuboid is 120 am? 5 cm

.

15. In the figure, the souvenir is a prism. Find the volume of the souvenir. 9 cm

56×9
=
504 CM4 base area

.
.

.
The volume of the souvenir is 504cm ? = 56 cm2

16. The figure shows a prism with a base in the shape of a trapezium. Find the 9 cm

volume of the prism.

9 Xb X 6 8 cm

=
324cm4, 2 cm
6 cm
The volume of the prism is 324cm's
'

- .

17. In the figure, find the total surface area of the triangular prism.

21M¥ ) tho X I 2420×5

12 cm 13 cm

= 65 t 240 t 100
20 cm
5 cm
= 405 cm 4,
-
'

.
The total surface area ofthe triangle is 405 cm ?

18. Find the area of the figure. 5 cm 5 cm

HEY 4 cm

=
50 4
cm ,
4 cm

5 cm
: . The area is 50cm?
Areas and Volumes (1) 49
19. In the figure, ABCD is a square. It is given that CD 10 cm, AE 4 cm and F 5 cm
A D
DF 5 cm. Find the area of CEF. 4 cm

10×52
E
10 cm

= 25 CM4 B C
i. The area of OCEF is 25cm !
20. The figure shows a pen holder without a cover in the shape of a trapezium
7 cm 3 cm
on the top. Find the total surface area of the outer side of the pen holder.

312¥ t ZX3X 5TIOXH 10×7 10 cm

= 15+30-130+70
3 cm
= 145 CM4 5 cm

The total surface

'
is 145 am
-

. .
area .

21. Find the volume of the toy house in the figure. 18 cm

(411-13115)×18
4 cm 4 cm

3 cm

= 486cm', 5 cm

i. The volume of the toy house is 486cm

?

22. Find the volume of the victory-stand in the figure. 1.2 m

1.2 m
0.4 m
3. 6×0.8×0.6 -
I 2×0.8×0.3
.
-

0.8 m 1.2 m

I. 2×0.8×0.4
0.2 m
0.3 m

= 1.728-0.288-0.384 3.6 m

= 1.056cm ! : The volume .

is 1056 am !

23. The figure shows a cube of total surface area 24 cm2. Find its volume.
find the area of each face first

The area of each face =

24 ÷ 6
=
4cm,
The volume 4×4×4
; 64cm'"

50 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)

24. 5 cm
8 cm

9 cm
6 cm

3 cm 4 cm
3 cm 4 cm

The figure above shows the net of a prism.

(a) Name the type of the prism.
(b) Find the total surface area of the prism. Scoring Tips 1

(c) Find the volume of the prism.

(d) The prism is used to contain chocolate bars. Suppose the volume of each chocolate bar is 9 cm3. Assume there
is no empty space in the prism. How many prisms should be made to contain 100 chocolate bars?

EYA

25. In the figure, BCD is a straight line and ABC CDE 90°. It is given B A

that ABC CDE, BC 12 cm and CD = 5 cm.

(a) Find the area of the trapezium ABDE. 12 cm G

(b) By copying the trapezium ABDE, a square ACEG is made. A student

suggests that the side length of ACEG is 13 cm. Do you agree? Explain C
your answer. 5 cm
D E

Scoring Tips 1 : The figure can be cut into a rectangle and two identical triangles.

Areas and Volumes (1) 51

In the figure, the base of the triangular prism is a right-angled triangle. Find the 17 cm

volume of the prism. Ref: TSA 2014 9ME2, Q44

20 cm

15 cm 8 cm

Solution: Scoring Tips

15 8 Do not get confused by the extra
Base area cm2
2 information in the figure. For
example, the length ‘17 cm’ in
60 cm2
the figure is useless.
Volume = 60 20 cm3
= 1200 cm3

Follow-up
26. In the figure, the base of the prism is a right-angled trapezium. Find the 3 cm

volume of the prism. 5 cm

Base area
=4l§Icm2 4 cm
8 cm

=
18cm 's, 6 cm

Volume =
1848cm
's

'
=
144cm "

1. area 面積 2. base 底
3. filling method 填補法 4. lateral face 側面
5. perimeter 周界 6. polygon 多邊形
7. prism 棱柱 8. splitting method 分割法
9. total surface area 總表面面積 10. uniform cross-section 均勻橫切面
11. volume 體積

52 Summer Adventure in Mathematics 1 (Third Edition)