GOABAONE KGOPA

17001016
CHEM 408
EXPERIMENT 2 PRE-LAB
ADSORPTION OF ACETIC ACID ON TO ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
AIM
To test the validity of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and to measure the surface area
per gram of a sample of activated charcoal.
PROCEDURE
1g of powdered activated charcoal will be weighed into each of 5 clean, stoppered 250 cm 3
stoppered reagent bottles. 100ml of 0.2 M (stock solution) acetic acid will then be added to
the first flask and shaken. Following is addition of 100ml acetic acid to each of the other
flasks at varying concentrations of; 0.15, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.03 M. The loosely stoppered flasks
are to be shaken periodically for 30mins using an orbital shaker. The flasks will then be
allowed to stand for 1 hour at room temperature. The solutions will be filtered using a
fluted filter paper to remove the charcoal particles. Two 25cm3 portions of the filtrate for
each flask will be titrated with 0.1 M NaOH using phenolphthalein as an indicator.
CHEMICAL AND AMOUNTS TO BE USED

 1g of powdered activated charcoal

 100ml 0.2 M acetic acid
 0.1 M NaOH
 Phenolphthalein indicator
APPARATUS AND GLASSWARE

 250 cm3 stoppered reagent bottles

 Flasks
 100ml cylinder
 Pasteur pipette

CALCULATIONS
Sample calculation for preparation of 100ml acetic acid solution

From the stock solution provided, each concentration of the solution will be prepared by
dilution process; M1V1 = M2V2

0.15M of Acetic Acid

M1V1 = M2V2
(0.2M) (V1) = (0.15M) (100mL)
V1 =75 mL
25 ml of distilled water will be added to make 100 ml of the solution.

Preparation of standard solution of NaOH by using the formula;

n = MV/ 1000
 = 0.1 M x 250 mL
1000
= 0.025 mol

Mass of NaOH = n x molar mass , Mr of NaOH = 40g mol-1

=0.025 mol x 40 g mol-1

= 1.0 g

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

FOR NaOH
Eye: Causes eye burns. May cause blindness. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal
damage.
Skin: Causes skin burns. May cause deep, penetrating ulcers of the skin.
Ingestion: May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive tract. Causes
gastrointestinal tract burns. May cause perforation of the digestive tract. Causes severe
pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock.
Inhalation: Irritation may lead to chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. Causes
severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and
possible coma. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract.
Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Effects may be delayed.
Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not allow water to get into the container
because of violent reaction. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get in eyes,
on skin, or on clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Discard
contaminated shoes. Use only with adequate ventilation.
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away
from incompatible substances. Keep away from metals. Corrosives area. Keep away from
acids. Store protected from moisture. Containers must be tightly closed to prevent the
conversion of NaOH to sodium carbonate by the CO2 in air.
FOR ACETIC ACID

 Flammable liquid and vapour

 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
 Harmful if swallowed
 Toxic if inhaled
 Harmful in contact with skin
STORAGE-store in a cool location and provide ventilation for containers. Avoid storage near
extreme heat,ignition sources or open flame. Opened containers must be carefully resealed
and kept upright to prevent leakage.
HANDLING- avoid contact with skin and eyes. Use only in well ventilated areas.do not inhale
gas,fumes,dust,mist,vapor and aerosols.
FOR CHARCOAL
Not classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the Australian Dangerous Goods Code
(ADG Code) for transport by Road and Rail; NON-DANGEROUS GOODS
Not classified as hazardous according to criteria of Safe Work Australia; NONHAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCE.

 Eye Flush eyes with water as a precaution.

 Inhalation If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial
respiration.
 Skin Contact Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
 Ingestion Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth
with water. First Aid Facilities Eye wash facilities should be available
FOR Phenolphthalein indicator
Eye: May cause eye irritation.
Skin: May cause skin irritation.
Ingestion: Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Expected to
be a low ingestion hazard.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Low hazard for usual industrial handling.
Chronic: May cause kidney injury
Handling: Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before
reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Storage: Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
away from incompatible substances.

DISPOSAL PROCEDURE
For Sodium Hydroxide in solution absorb liquids in dry sand, earth, or a similar material and
place into sealed containers for disposal. Collect solid material in the most convenient and
safe manner and place into sealed containers for disposal. Do not use water or wet method.
Do not wash into sewer.
For acetic acid, burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber
but exert extra care in igniting as the material is highly flammable.offer surplus and non-
recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company
For activated charcoal, Do not allow into drains or water courses.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

 Keep containers tightly closed

  Wash skin thoroughly after handling
 Read label before use
 Keep away from heat and sparks
 Wear protective clothing when handling
Table 1; Preparations of acetic acid solutions

Concentration Volume of acetic Volume of distilled

of Acetic acid acid added (ml) water added (ml)

0.15 75 25

0.10 50 50

0.07 35 65

0.03 15 85

Table 2; Mass of activated carbon used

Concentration of Acetic acid(M) Mass of activated carbon(g)

0.20
0.15
0.10
0.07
0.03

Table 3; Volume of NaOH used for each titration

Acetic Trials Initial Volume Final Volume Volume NaOH Average

acid of NaOH (mL) of NaOH (mL) used (mL) (mL)
0.2 1
2
0.15 1
2
0.10 1
2
0.07 1
2
0.03 1
2
Table 4; Values of C and N obtained for each initial concentration of acetic acid

Flasks Equilibrium C (mol/L) N (mol/g) C/N (g/L)