TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

College of Science
Physics Department

LABORATORY REPORT
[PHETL-M]
[Physics for Engineering Technologists, Lab]

Experiment No. 4
[EQUILIBRIUM TENSION PROTRACTORS]

Submitted by:
[BETCPET-1D-M)]
[Group No. 9]
[Names of Group Members]
Bautista, Jherwin G
Maclang, Allana A
Reginio, Carl Jancel R
Santos, Sarah Nicole G
Sta. Ana, Gabriel C

[May 03, 2022]

Submitted to:
Ms. Ma. Kristina B. dela Cruz
 I. THEORY
• The vector sum of the forces acting on an object in equilibrium is zero:
∑iFi 0
• This requires that the sum of the force components in the x- and y-
directions must each separately be zero:
∑i Fix =0
∑i Fiy =0
• This can also be interpreted as requiring the magnitudes of the x-
components of the forces to be equal and opposite:
F2x = F1x
F2 cos θ2 cos = F1 cos θ1
• Similarly, Equation 1-3 yields
F1y + F2y - F3y = 0
F1 sin θ1 + F2 sin θ2 - F3 = 0
• Or the sum of the magnitudes of the forces up must equal the sum of the
magnitudes of the forces down:
F1y + F2y = F3y
F1 sin θ1 sin + F2 sin θ2 = F3

II. OBJECTIVES
1. To verify the first condition of equilibrium

⅀ F=0
= Fright + Fleft + Fcenter = 0
2.The purpose of this experiment is to verify that the sum of the forces acting on
an object in equilibrium is zero.
III. MATERIALS
• Tension Protractors
• Steel Rods
• Strings and Balance
• Hooked Mass Set
• Table Clamps

IV. PROCEDURE
▪ First step is to know the materials and what is the uses of it.
▪ Second setup the components, Steel rods are connected, and tension
protractor is placed on steel rods after setting Tension Protractor you need to
connect string and balance to the Tension Protractor.
▪ Third Step is to add the Hook Mass set, after setting this up you will see a
tension from Fright and Fleft while the Hooked Mass set is pulling downward
also known as Fcenter
V. DATA AND RESULTS

Table A

Angle in degrees measured

Magnitude of Force
CORD from the +x-axis
(N)
counterclockwise

LEFT CORD (L) 4.3 115°

RIGHT CORD (R) 6.5 42°
CENTER CORD (C) 1960 270°

Graphical construction of vectors:

270°

115°

42°

Table B

Angle with Components of Forces Along

Cord Tension in Newton respect to
+x – axis x – axis y – axis
Left 4.3 115° -1.00 4.18
Right 6.5 42° 5.14 3.98
Center 1960 270o 0 -1746.37
Total 4.14 -1738.21
Resultant
R=1738.21 R =99.84
CALCULATIONS:
VI. DISCUSSION

1. Explain what will happen if the center weight is greater than the sum of the
left and right weights.
A: The forces are considered to be balanced if the rightward forces are balanced
by the leftward forces and the upward forces are balanced by the downward
forces.

2. The net external force acting on an object is zero. Is it possible for the object
to be traveling with a velocity that is not zero? Justify your answer.
A: YES. If the net external force acting on an object is zero, it is possible for the
object to be traveling with a nonzero velocity. According to Newton's 1st and 2nd
laws, if the net external force F net is zero, the acceleration a is also zero.

3. The steel I beam in the drawing has a weight of 8.00 kN and is being lifted at
constant velocity. What is the tension in each cable attached to its ends?
A: 4.26 kN

4. In the figure below, find T1 and T2.

A: T₁ = 300 N T₂ = 400 N
VII. CONCLUSION
➢ The experiment implies to study the first condition of the equilibrium summation
of source is zero. According to results or table, it shows that the resultant is
calculated at 0.07 where we use the Pythagorean theorem formulas to solve it.
This means that if resultant is not equal to zero, it implies that the object is moving
a constant velocity. In the resultant, it's been measured around -8.13 according to
the formula that's been used. The forced tensions and angels are attained through
the video of the experiment where we observe the final results.

VIII. REFERENCES
Ann Hanks. Tension Protractor.Pasco
https://d2n0lz049icia2.cloudfront.net/product_document/Tension-Protractor-Manual-ME-
6855.pdf