BRIDGE DESIGN PRACTICE ● FEBRUARY 2015

CSiBridge also has an Advanced Analysis Option that is not discussed in this
section including:
 Segmental Construction
 Effects of Creep, Shrinkage Relaxation
 Pushover Analysis using Fiber Models
 Bridge Base Isolation and Dampers
 Explicitly Model Contact Across Gaps
 Nonlinear Large Displacement Cable Analysis
 Line and Surface Multi-Linear Springs (P-y curves)
 High Frequency Blast Dynamics using Wilson FNA
 Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis & Buckling Analysis
 Multi-Support Seismic Excitation
 Animated Views of Moving Loads
The program has the feature of automated line constraints that enforce the
displacement compatibility along the common edges of meshes as needed.

4.3 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Structural Analysis provides the numerical mathematical process to extract
structure responses under service and seismic loads in terms of structural demands
such as member forces and deformations.

4.3.1 General
For any type of structural analysis, the following principles should be considered.

4.3.1.1 Equilibrium
a) Static Equilibrium
In a supported structure system when the external forces are in balance with the
internal forces, or stresses, which exactly counteract the loads (Newton’s Second
Law), the structure is said to be in equilibrium.
Since there is no translatory motion, the vector sum of the external forces must
 
be zero ( Σ F = 0 ). Since there is no rotation, the sum of the moments of the
 
external forces about any point must be zero ( Σ M = 0 ).
b) Dynamic Equilibrium
When dynamic effects need to be included, whether for calculating the dynamic
response to a time-varying load or for analyzing the propagation of waves in a
structure, the proper inertia terms shall be considered for analyzing the dynamic
equilibrium:
ΣF =mu

Chapter 4 – Structural Modeling and Analysis 4-27