Penguin Random. House Project Editors Lili Bryant, Laura Sandford Art Editors Chrissy Barnard, Paul Drislane, Michelle Staples Editor Ben Ffrancon Davies Editorial Assistants Sarah Edwards, Helen Leech Mustrators Edwood Burn, Michael Parkin, Gus Scott Managing Editor Daniel Mills Managing Art Editor Anna Hall Audio Recording Manager Christine Stroyan Jacket Designer Ira Sharma Jacket Editor Claire Gell Managing Jacket Editor Saloni Singh Jacket Design Development Manager Sophia MTT Producer, Pre-production Andy Hilliard Producer Mary Slater Publisher Andrew Macintyre Art Director Karen Self Publishing Director Jonathan Metcalf DK India Senior Managing Art Editor Arunesh Talapatra Senior Art Editor Chhaya Sajwan Art Editors Meenal Goel, Roshni Kapur Assistant Art Editor Rohit Dev Bhardwa) Mustrators Manish Bhatt, Arun Pottirayl, Sachin Tanwar, Mohd Zishan Editorial Coordinator Priyanka Sharma Pre-production Manager Balwant Singh Senior DTP Designers Harish Aggarwal, Vishal Bhatia DTP Designer Jaypal Chauhan First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Dorling Kindersley Limited 80 Strand, London, WC2R ORL Copyright © 2017 Dorling Kindersley Limited ‘A Penguin Random House Company 10864213579 001~296905~Jan/2017 Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwisel, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. ACIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, ISBN: 978-0-2612-7514-6 Printed and bound in China AWORLD OF IDEAS: SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW www.dk.com Contents How the course works 8 Introductions 2 New language Present simple and continuous Vocabulary Etiquette for introductions New skill Introducing yourself and others [ED Getting to know colleagues 16 New language Past simple and past continuous Vocabulary Sharing past experiences New skill Talking about past experiences Vocabulary 2 Departments and roles Talking about changes 2 New language “Used to,” *be / get used to! Vocabulary Small talk New skill Taking about changes at work Delegating tasks 6 New language Modal verbs for obligation Vocabulary Delegation and politeness New skill Delegating tasks to colleagues HERG Vocabulary Money and finance 30 Writing a report 32 New language Past perfect and past simple Vocabulary Formal business English New skill Writing reportsWY Making apologies [EE Describing a product 36 60 New language Present perfect continuous New language Adjective order Vocabulary Apologies Vocabulary Opinion and fact adjectives New skill Apologizing on the telephone New skill Describing a product RD) Vocabulary 40 Vocabulary 64 Communication technology Marketing and advertising Making plans by email 42 (GD Marketing a product 66 New language Email language New language Adjectives and adverbs Vocabulary Meetings and workshops Vocabulary Descriptive adjectives New skill Making plans New skill Modifying descriptions of products Keeping clients informed 44 (BEEY Advertising and branding 70 New language Continuous tenses New language Intensifiers Vocabulary Arrangements and schedules Vocabulary "Enough," too," ‘so," and “such” New skill Keeping clients informed New skill Adding emphasis to descriptions [DD informal communication 48 (EEE) Advice and suggestions 74 New language Phrasal verbs New language Modal verbs for advice Vocabulary Arrangements and plans Vocabulary Workplace pressures New skill Keeping co-workers informed New skill Giving advice HEED Vocabulary Production 82 Vocabulary 78 Management, leadership, and skills Describing a process 54 Talking about abilities 80 New language The passive voice Vocabulary Processes and manufacturing New skill Discussing how things are done New language Modal verbs for abilities Vocabulary Workplace skills New skill Describing abilities(RE) Comparing and contrasting a4 New language Discourse markers Vocabulary Teamwork and team building New skill Expressing your ideas Planning events 38 New language Verb patterns Vocabulary Corporate entertainment New skill Talking about business events Vocabulary Meetings 34 What people said 96 New language Reported speech Vocabulary Meetings New skill Reporting what someone said What people asked 102 New language Reported questions Vocabulary "Have, “make! "get"*do" New skill Reporting what someone asked Reporting quantities 106 New language “Few,” “little” and “all” Vocabulary Meetings New skill Talking about quantity Checking information 710 New language Subject questions, question tags Vocabulary Polite checks and echo questions New skill Checking information EJ Vocabulary 16 Industries and professional attributes Job descriptions 718 New language Articles Vocabulary Job descriptions and applications New skill Describing a job Applying for a job 2 New language Dependent prepositions Vocabulary Cover-letter vocabulary New skill Writing a cover letter Job interviews 126 New language Relative clauses Vocabulary job interviews New skill Describing your achievements in detail Vocabulary Business idioms 132 Working relationships 134 New language Three-word phrasal verbs Vocabulary Social media New skill Social networking Career outcomes 138 New language Modal verbs for possibilty Vocabulary Career development New skill Talking about the future Vocabulary 142 Office and presentation equipmentStructuring a presentation 144 BREED Discussing conditions 168 New language Signposting language New language Conditionals Vocabulary Presentation equipment Vocabulary Negotiating and bargaining New skill Structuring a presentation New skill Discussing possibilities Developing an argument 148 EIZY Discussing problems 4 New language Useful presentation language New language Third conditional Vocabulary Presentations Vocabulary Workplace mistakes New skill Developing an argument New skill Talking about past mistakes Pitching a product 152 New language Comparatives and superlatives Answers 178 Vocabulary Product marketing Index fol New skill Comparing products (BD Talking about facts and figures 156 New language Collocations Vocabulary Business trends New skill Describing facts and figures Plans and suggestions 160 New language Indirect questions Vocabulary Business negotiations New skill Negotiating politely Emphasizing your opinion 16 New language Discourse markers for emphasis Vocabulary Workplace disagreement New skill Emphasizing your opinionIntroductions When you first join a company, there are many phrases 4” New language Present simple and continuous that you can use to introduce yourself. Other people Aa Vocabulary fiiquette for introductions may also use a variety of phrases to introduce you. Be New skill Introducing yourself and others 1.1 KEY LANGUAGE INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND OTHERS It is common to shake hands with new colleagues and introduce yourself Use when you meet When you meet someone you have someone you think you When you meet heard about. may have met before. someone forthe first time, Ithink we metin You must be Eric from the UK. Carl Mumbai, didn’t Hello, | don't has told me alot we? I'm Max from Great to see think we've sri about you, HTB Engineering. met. I'm Osric. Laura. & e a a ab. Sith ni ni Itis polite to introduce people you know but who do not know each other. ‘When you know both partes, introduce Say a polite ‘each one separately saying both their names. response when you are troduced Tony, thisis { Hayao, meet Tony Renee Hayao from our | our new director Victoria, I'd like to Japanese office. of marketing. introduce you to Faisal. Nice to meet you. How do you do? Ons ee Ae have met each oth ~) 22 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE INTRODUCTIONS TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS My manager has told me have met each other before. @ | Hi, Katherine. think | < it's great to see you again } ° so much about your business! © | Yes, we metiin Barcelona ¢ Brian, meet Tonya. She's joining our team. | @ |_ You must be Gloria from the design team. ‘Cimet you at the Market Max conference. | © | Thisis Brian from customer services. © CGuvan told me about your great work.) *) 1.3 FILLIN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL 1.4 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS introducing themselves. You be Joe Smith Jared has met Sasha before. Did we ata conference? e True | False || Notgiven | | © Really good to youagain. @ Jared works in the Lima office. True | | False [| Notgiven | | © Roula, meet Maria, ___ newaassistant. Daniel and Sasha have not met before. True [| False [) Notgiven [| [i te to Karl. ee aaaiads © Daniel shares an office with Jared. True [| False [] Notgiven || © Have you two each other before? @ Their new product is expensive. — - - True | | False | | Notgiven | { must introduce meet our @ Sasha works in Lima. True || False |) Notgiven (| met see ”) 31.5 KEY LANGUAGE THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS The present simple is used to describe something that happens in general, or is part of a routine. The present continuous describes something that is happening right now, and will be continuing for a limited time. : oe. © wo HDR I don't usually enjoy networking, but I’m enjoying this conference. Present simple is the same as the Present continuous i formed by adding base form of the verb without “to” “e" before the verb and "ing" tothe ver, *) 1.6 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS letworking | Sharin; viding |_| Networking | Sharing |_| Dividing Making connections What kind of people is the article aimed at? How to network better if youre shy Shy |_| Confident [| Intelligent (| es What types of connections are useful? @ What typ Nictvortine doesnt necesariy mean talking Afe Newones |_| Goodones | | Lotsofthem | | o hundreds of people aGaeees 00d connections are ms © Who might be useful people to talk to? ‘meeting lots of people ws) ean Ex-colleagues {| Recruiters [_] Family ["] fiom agin, Sart by chating to excolleaguce Old friends. Ask what they are doing wee © What do shy people do a lot? Share your experiences, cae Lie || Saysorry [| Say thank you |) ne common habit of shy people is Sastantly apologize for everything Apclogizing | © What does apologizing a lot make you seem? ink of conan oats Uapofesonal and shows & Confident |] Worried | | Unprofessional [| Confidence in yourself. Instead of saying sorry, remember to smile, maintain © Where should you look when talking to people? eye comtact, ask Their eyes | Their feet |_| Their mouths | | ‘questions, and, of 5 course, exchan, @ What should you give contacts’ ae Money (| Gifts |_| Yourbusiness card __| 41.7 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS | am being happy to finally meet you, Zoe. Im happy to finally meet you, Zoe. @ HiJames. I'm Vanisha. | don't think we are meeting before. @ Ashley, 'd like introduce you to my colleague Neil © | enjoying the presentations. Are you? @ Nice to meet you Bethany. How do you doing? «) C22 cross OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD I'm sorry, how do you say /are-you-saying your name again? ae o Hello Frank. Are you enjoying/ do you enjoy the conference? @ e Wilfred, 'd like you to meet / be meeting Roger, our new press officer. ae ° Serena, it’s really great to see / seeing you again after so long. ae ° | usually enjoy workshops, but | am not find / finding this one interesting. e *) ie Present simple and continuous [] Aa Etiquette for introductions ["]___ je Introducing yourself and others 15Getting to know colleagues Talking about your past work experience is a good way 4? New language Past simple and past continuous to get to know your colleagues. Past simple and past Aa Vocabulary Sharing past experiences continuous tenses are often used to do this. Be New skill Talking about past experiences 2.1 KEY LANGUAGE THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PAST CONTINUOUS Use the past simple to talk about a single, completed action in the past, past habits, ora state that was true for a time in the past. ay ereraee en ‘eregular past simple form. "to most verbs to form the past simple. What did you do before you came here? Iworked ran my own for TCE construction consultants. | | company. Use the past continuous to talk about ongoing actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past. What was your last job like? © e Awfull | was working 60 hours aweek before I came here. 2.2 HOWTO FORM THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PAST CONTINUOUS. ‘The past simple is usually formed by adding *-ed" to the base form of the verb. The past continuous is formed by adding "was" or "were" in front of the verb, and '-ing" to the end of the verb. was working 60 hours a week before | came here.| 2.3 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE, I started / was-startimg my own printing company more than 10 years ago. @ They began / were beginning to sell more when the shop suddenly closed last year. @ | lost / was losing my job when the factory closed last December. © | was delighted when | got / was getting promoted to senior manager in 2015. We moved here when my wife was finding / found a new job two years ago. @ | was training / trained to be a chef when | was given this award, © When | worked 90 hours a week, | felt / was feeling exhausted all the time. @ When | was a photographer, | was meeting / met a lot of famous people through my work *) 2.4 KEY LANGUAGE THE PAST TENSE FOR POLITENESS ‘You may hear people ask questions about a present 2.5 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT situation in the past tense. This makes the question (Did you want some more coffee? ra more polite. oo ficcomes-Dieht to see \_ Do you wanting some more coffee? [| eaten ees ——————— B an @ | was to look for another job. oO J was looking for another job. Gh a @ Iwas wondering ifyou could help. = [) Hs ht bi bu Iwas wondered fyoucould help. © Were you working as a waiter? o The past tense is also sometimes Were you work as a waiter? io used to make a polite request. © They weren't employing young people. |_| I wanted to ask about the They not employing young people. |_| company’s history. © | didn't enjoy my last job. | didn’t enjoying my last job. © Did you work in a hotel? oO Did you working in a hotel? Oo V72.6 KEY LANGUAGE THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE The present perfect simple is used to talk about events in the recent past that still have an effect on the present moment. A specific date is No date i specified, so the a is given, 50 the past ae ere simple is used So, have you worked ina team before? No, | haven't worked ina Ihave worked ina few different teams. (éab=) f afi Gs 2.7 HOW TO FORM THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE The present perfect simple is formed with *have" and a past participle. I worked ina small team in 2005. team before. have worked in a few teams. 2.8 FILLIN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE Susan has ee work) here since she graduated a ans aoe years ago. Ore (take) 15 days off sick this year already and it is only May! @ Julia has a lot of experience. She (manage) this department for years. O They (employ) more than 300 people over the years. @ John (train) lots of young employees across a few different teams. © I'mso happy! | (finish) my apprenticeship at last. © My manager (approve) my vacation days. 'm going to Italy in July. *) 18f J 2.9 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS we colleagues are @ Suzi has always worked in HR. iscussing their past 7 ate True |") False [| Notgiven [| Jack has worked for CIE for six years. True ["] False [| Notgiven |) (This is Suz’ first day at the company, Jack has never worked for another company. _ True |} False (7 Notgiven [| True || False [) Notgiven | | @ Suzis previous company was smaller. @ Jack and Suzi always work the same days. True |_| False [| Notgiven |) True |_| False [") Notgiven [| ~) t J 2.10 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD | | worked/ wasworking / have worked in marketing since 1995. o |! drove / was driving / have driven taxis when | saw this job advertised. a eo managed / was managing / have managed accounts for this company for seven years, r e | bought / was buying / have bought my first business in 2009. r ° was studying in college when | saw / was seeing / have seen this job. a e They invested / were investing / have invested in this company since 2010, a ° In 2014, | sold / was selling / has sold the company to an investor. «) 'astsimple and past continuous [] Aa Sharing past experiences [] __ fj Talking about past experiences [-] 9Vocabulary 3.1 DEPARTMENTS Administration [deals with organization and internal and external communication} Research and Development (R&D) _ [deals with researching and developing future products for a company] Human Resources (HR) {deals with employee relations and matters such as hiring staf] Accounts / Finance [deals with money matters, from paying bills to projecting sales} Marketing Public Relations (PR) [deals with maintaining a positive public image for a company] Production [ensures all manufacturing stages run smoothly] Purchasing © {deals with buying goods and raw materials Sales [deals with selling a finished product to outside markets} Facilities / Office Services {ensures the smooth day-to-day running of the practical aspects of a company] Legal [ensures that all contracts and ‘company activities are legal] Information Technology (IT) [ensures that ll technological systems are working and maintained} 23.2 ROLES fr employer fr employee Chief Executive is Officer (CEO) manager Chief Financial Officer fl (Fo) assistant “) 3.3 DESCRIBING ROLES department store. to work for [to be employed by a company] I work in event management. to work in [to be employed in a department or area of an industry] She works asa fashion designer. to work as [to havea particular job or role] X Weall workforalarge «2 ws He looks after our salaries and wages. to look after {to ensure something runs smoothly} They are responsible for office maintenance. to be responsible for [to have the duty of ensuring. something is done effectively] I'm in charge of j administration. i to be in charge of {to have control and authority over something] =P P 21WY) Talking about changes There are many ways to talk about changes at work in the past and present. Many of the phrases include “used to," which can have several different meanings. P New language “Used to,” "be / get used to’ Aa Vocabulary Srl talk Be New skill Talking about changes at work 4.1 KEY LANGUAGE “USED TO,” “GET USED TO,” AND “BE USED TO" “Used” with an infinitive describes a regular habit or state in the past. “To eat*is the infinitive form ofthe verb. e Staff used to eat lunch at their desks. tt "Get used to” describes the process ‘of becoming familiar with something, “Get used to" canbe followed bya noun or gerund, It took a while to get used to is Soe SS commuting. “Be used to” describes being. ‘ue weit cba era familiar with something, Sanur y i oO Nowadays I am used to { See Soul ieee early mornings. ~) J ae 4.2 FURTHER EXAMPLES “USED TO,” “GET USED TO,” AND “BE USED TO” Inquesions and negatives, We didn't use to have so much 7 construction in the area. I don’t know that | will ever there sno" aer use” After working here foradecade, . ~) get used to these uniforms! c i A Did you use to do everything =) by hand in the factory? et we are used to the noise. eaemaeliaeana 22XL ( He is used to working fromhome. | He is use to working from home. oO oo on @O® © 1 use to travel to work by car. a ®@ | used to travel to work by car. oO @ She's used to giving big presentations. |_| She's used to give big presentations. [_] © Il get used to my new job eventually. [_] | get used my new job eventually. (_] © We didn't used to get paid a bonus. [_) oo We didn’t use to get paid abonus. [| © Did he use to work in marketing? [_] Did he used to work in marketing? _) “) 4.3 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT 4.4 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN NUMBER THE PICTURES IN THE ORDER THEY ARE DESCRIBED 4.5 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER to} (here? } | get_}( Will }( used |( we | (living | | ever_) Will we ever get used zo living here? © (on } (used } |_finish | | Fridays. ) | at_) |_We } _to } | noon @ (_ serious. } (_didn't_} {_to_}{ She _){__be_}(__use_)|__s0 J © (_stict_) (am) (boss) (_used_} (working } (1) (for) (to | (a) {to} (London? } (_work ) {you} (Did _} (_use_} (_in_) *) 2B4.6 MATCH THE PAIRS OF PHRASES THAT MEAN THE SAME THING | was a bank employee in the past. e (He is a qualified lawyer now. ) © | I don't usually work short days. © | Your working day was shorter in the past. @ [ I began working long days early in my career. & Did he use to work in a bank? used to work in a bank. | You didn't use to work such long hours. i am used to working long hours. ) | He didn’t use to have a law degree. © [ Has he worked in a bank before? J ie 4.7 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS “Weather is a common topic for small talk.) True | False |) Notgiven |) @ Being good at small talk can give you an advantage in your job. True [| False [| Notgiven [| Sports are the most common topic for small talk. True |_| False |] Notgiven [| © People who are good at small talk are generally disliked. True |_| False [| Notgiven | | © When talking to a colleague, don't look at their face, True |_| False [_] Notgiven | | @ Not every topic is suitable for small talk. True |") False |) Notgiven |_| 24 { Igot used to long hours in my firstjob. | *) Le It’s good to talk ‘Small talk—chatting about trivial topics such as the weather 66 J\ff oming, Sammy. Did Nee last night2” This kind of small talk happens in every office around the world, every day. People who make an effort to talk to others are more welliked by their colleagues. When you make small talk, you make the ‘ther person feel more relaxed, and form a connection with that person, People who are good at small talk tend to be quick thinkers, and businesses like employees who can think on their feet. So what are the key skills you need to master to be good at small talk? Make eye contact with the other person, and listen, Be interested in what they have to say, Stick to topics such as hobbies, books, films, and the weather. And avoid uncomfortable topics such as politics, religion, and money,FS 4.8 MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT | i Would you ke | towisheat! } ye 5 A someting to dk wy w eae | 4 ft oom Youtooktired Hel really ungry.L] mnotused to starting at 6am! eo: Lenjoy Pees eo 4_ watching ims, lastnight? —— Tr |. disappointment! [! eo, = I didn't use Would you y a like some of Wolke this pizza? Yes, please. It looks delicious. a Thats avery short) ‘commute tt expense by tan. G] Ves, thinks pongtovain. ‘minutes to | get to work. © (The sky looks aia + tim going away thisweekend. ~) t J 4.9 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD. ( When | lived there, | used to /wastsed-ter | have breakfast in a café every morning, When | was young, | didn’t use to / wasn't use to like mushrooms. e My grandfather used to / got used to walk four miles to school every morning. am e Are you used to / got used to your new job yet? ° | grew up in Florida, so | used to / am used to the heat. a 6 We used to / were used to go to the south of France every year. QP "Used to," tbe / get used to’ Aa Small talk [] Be Talking about changes at work [] 25Delegating tasks When things get busy, you may want to delegate tasks 9? New language Modal verbs for obligation to colleagues. To do this, different modal verbs are used Aa Vocabulary Delegation and politeness in English to show the level of obligation. Be New skill Delegating tasks to colleagues 5.1 KEY LANGUAGE MODAL VERBS FOR OBLIGATION Certain modal verbs can be used to say that someone needs to do something ee have to ae tA | { have got to; leave this with you. need to “Need! acts like a modal verb here, expressing strong obligation. Ste Min rat You don’t have to deal with this today. “Don't have to" means that there no obligation to do something, Fee tt You must complete this project by Monday. “Must” isa direct, and sometimes impolite, ‘way to say something needs to be done a rR You must not go into the testing area. "Must not” means that something is prohibited — «) 5.2 HOW TO FORM MODAL VERBS FOR OBLIGATION “Must” does not change with the subject, but “have to” becomes “has to” in the third person singular. Both are followed by the base form of the main verb. must have (got) to must not don't have to early tomorrow. 26Re; j MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS Ineed you to © [_We have got to ask an © [ Yourust putthefinished © [ Ihave to help Sami produce aC © | Youdon't have : ¢ proposal on my desk tomorrow. Co look after this project while he's away. | FJ 5.4 MARK THE SENTENCES. THAT ARE CORRECT You have to do this assignment today. You has to do this assignment today. @ We need to increase sales to Europe. We need increase sales to Europe. We can't reveal our new product yet. ‘We can'tto reveal our new product yet. © You don't having to work late. You don't have to work late. Iwill need the accounts by tomorrow. I need have the accounts tomorrow. © We have get to find a new IT manager. We have got to find a new IT manager. © You must to produce a spreadsheet. You need to produce a spreadsheet. @ We must reaching our sales target. We must reach our sales target. 00 00 00 OO 0O OO oOo /O PD) 5.5 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS fiw The conference takes place once a year. True [| False [| Notgiven [7 A manager is delegating tasks to an employee ata firm. @ The conference will take place in August. True |_| False |_| Notgiven | | @ The conference will take place at the office. True |_| False |_| Notgiven || © The manager wants Shona to ask about prices. True || False [| Notgiven |) @ Shona must complete the task by tomorrow. True [| False |_| Notgiven | | © Shona’s boss often delegates work to her. True |_| False [| Notgiven | | 275.6 KEY LANGUAGE POLITENESS To maintain a friendly, polite atmosphere, ‘you can use "we" instead of "you" to express obligation, ih ES Pea We have to finish this project soon 5.7 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER (ao) art cor?) Gout} me) Could you print me a acapy? © (you) | answer | cal Could } | phone? ) @ (you) | Would } ( call_} | the} { supplier? Other modal verbs can also be used in business to delegate tasks politely. ar © (We (to }(_ have) (today) (finish) Bie fl ih Could Would @ [you] | Would } | a | { book } | meeting? yy you look after this for me? SS eee © (send }(_this_} (Could _} (you) { today? Wu” more formal and israrely used. «) «) 5.8 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD Don't worry! You don't have to / must not deal with this right now. a o Could / Have you deliver this letter for me, please? a e ‘Must / Would you show the new employee around the office? a e Jess, | have got / need to leave early today. Could you let Philippe know? 285.9 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS Team leaders should do everyday tasks. \. True (False 7 Notgiven @ A routine task is answering customer enquiries. True [") False [] Notgiven [ | @ People who don't delegate often feel stressed. True || False |_| Notgiven | | © A team leader has to avoid doing everyday tasks. True ("| False [|] Not given [| Trust in managers is falling in most companies. True |_| False || Notgiven | | @ Team leaders should trust their staff. True || False | | Notgiven | | / Sharing the load Reoliove stress by earnit daegan ssby earing to Reema Tam eae must think about goals and how to achieve them. This takes time. You wont have this thinking time if you're a Zoutne tasks and you will fel stressed. You have to let your team members handle the everyday tacks Shave your team members you trust them, Ask them if they ould show you a plan of how t i their work in their own hey can manage Say. This ray you wy bullda beter working relationship. 7 9? Modal verbs for obligation [] Aa Delegation and politeness [] Me Delegating tasks to colleagues [1] ‘© REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 1-5. INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND You must be Eric from the UK. oO W OTHERS Tony, this is Hayao from our Japanese office. : ‘THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PAST Iwas working 60 hours per week when. = = CONTINUOUS FOR PAST EXPERIENCES | | came here. ‘THE PAST TENSE FOR POLITENESS Did you want a tour of the office? o 24 ‘TALKING ABOUT THE RECENT PAST ; WITH THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE have worked in a few different teams. o 26 ‘TALKING ABOUT CHANGES WITH Staff used to eat lunch at their desks. a “USED TO" AND "BE / GET USED TO" It took a while to get used to the commute. - Thave to leave this with you. o 1, DELEGATING TASKS WITH MODALS Cn ok ater this for me? 51,56BS Vocabulary 6.1 MONEY AND FINANCE The company’ fell last year. income [money coming into a business] income We have a large budget for this movie, so the effects will be amazing. a budget [the amount of money that is available to spend on something] The bank charges for overdrafts now. an overdraft {extra money the bankallows you to spend] We need to sell two cars to break even. to break even {to ean just enough to cover the costs of producing a product] We need to make sure the accounts are always up to date. accounts [records of money paid into and out of a business} The initial expenditure on technology was huge, but now we can work faster. expenditure / outlay [an amount of money spent » We must Ygall we can to avoid getting into debt. to get into debt {to get into a situation where you owe people money] Ss The profit margin on these T-st a profit margin Ithe difference between the cost of making or buying something and what it's sold for] is huge! We haven't sold enough pineapples. We've made a loss. to make a loss {to lose money by spending more than you earn} High overheads make this business difficult to run. overheads {the regular costs of running a business, such as wages] 30I'm selling these earrings at cost to attract customers. cost (US) / cost price (UK) [asales price that covers the costs of producing an item without making a profit} The prices peaked in June, but they're down now. to peak {to reach the highest point] When the CEO left, the company's value dropped. to drop [to fal, especially in worth or value] Changes in the exchange rate make the market uncertain. the exchange rate {the amount of one currency that you get when you change it for another] Thankfully, there was an upturn in the market. an upturn in the market _ [a change to more positive business conditions| ir ionttn Our clients need to pay now or we will have a cash flow problem. cash flow. [the rate at which money comes => Gt into and goes out of a business} It’s always hard to see a company go out of business. to go out of business [to no longer be able to exist asa business] We need to undercut our competitors or we will lose customers. to undercut competitors automated [current and modern] a [computerized; not operated by a human] Most people in the office carry My phone is connected to the network so amobile device with them. I can receive emails any time. ) amobile device connected to [asmall computing device, such as a [in communication with] « ‘smartphone or tablet, that is easily carried] For most of the day I have to work online | work offline when commuting to work to access the internet and emails. because there is no internet on the train. to work online => to work offline {to work with an internet connection) © [to work without an internet connection] SS) | automatically back up my ifyou download the app, youl documents every 15 minutes. get updates about new products. to download an app to back up = {to get an application from the internet [to save an extra copy of a document in ‘onto a device or computer} case the original is lost] —_ 40This new program user-friendly. very user-friendly 19293 [easy for the operator to use] I must have the wrong address. My email has bounced. an email has bounced {an email has been automatically returned t J without reaching the intended recipient] Our new website works on computers and mobile devices. awebsite [a collection of linked pages accessed through the internet] often use social media to look for job vacancies. social media [internet-based tools for communicating with friends and communities} I'm sorry, | can't hear you properly. You're breaking up. ae breaking up losing a phone or internet connection} Can you arrange a videoconference with the clients in Sydney? avideoconference a [aconference by phone or via the internet in. |) Which people can see and talk to each other] Let’s arrange a conference call so we can all catch up. a conference call [a group conversation held by phone] = Please could you charge the tablet before the meeting? to charge [to connect a mobile device to electricity to give it more power] ee Our company always uses the latest software, software [computer programs) When you create your account, you get a username and password. a.username and password [a name and code used to access an account on a computing device] “) 41Making plans by email English uses a variety of phrases to make and check 2? New language Email language plans with co-workers by email, It is important to Aa Vocabulary Meetings and workshops ensure that even informal messages are polite. Be New skill Making plans 10.1 KEY LANGUAGE EMAILS TO CO-WORKERS In business emails, itis important to use polite and clear language to exchange information with co-workers. Emails to co-workers are often less formal than emails to clients or senior personnel. To: Scott Walton | Ce: Giorgio Donati Thsisaneualand informal greeting. | Subject: Training session next week “Dears more formal —————— [Neutral and informal om Hello Scott, Hope all’s well with you. | just wanted to check that your team is UE the past staple coming to our training session. tomake requests imere polit - | Will you be free next Friday at 2:30? Set phrase for suggesting Se Please see the provisional timetable attached, x }— You can also say I'm copying Giorgio in on this. Beretta This means hat Gono Can aso read the ema If you have any questions, please let me know. E Amore polite way of Allthe best, Sarg tl me! This is an Linda wou IB informal sign-off 4210.2 READ THE EMAIL AND MARK THE CORRECT SUMMARY is emailing Catherine to check that she is coming to a sales presentation in Room A. Pauline is also invited to the presentation. (_] © Mira wants to meet next Friday to discuss arrangements for the sales presentation. She has asked Pauline to send her the agenda. [_} © Mira is inviting Catherine to a meeting to discuss arrangements for the sales presentation. She has sent Catherine and Pauline the timetable and agenda. [_] Mira is emailing to check that Pauline is coming to the sales presentation. Catherine has sent the timetable and agenda. o | To: Catherine Quint t: Sales presentation HiCatherine, Hope a's well with you. | just wanted to check that you got my earlier email about our sales presentation next Friday. Pauline and | are meeting this morning to discuss arrangements. Will ‘you be free to come and join us in Room A at 11:30? Please find the attached timetable and agenda for the presentation. I've copied Pauline in on this message. If you have any ideas or want to ask any questions, please let me know. All the best, Mira Copy&Print Sprint Ae oa Fg 10.3 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL | know @ | just wanted to that you will be able to make it to the meeting. copying @ Don't worry if you have any questions. Just let me -attached- Olm Maxine in on this as she may have some more information wondering O How coming to the restaurant with us this evening? check Olwas if you and Ana could come to the meeting tomorrow. about Give me acall if you can’t the presentation at 10 o'clock. —_ | L ~) @P Emaillanguage (] Aa Meetings and workshops [] Making plans 4BKeeping clients informed Use the present continuous to inform clients about OP New language Continuous tenses current situations and future arrangements. Continuous Aa Vocabulary Arrangements and schedules tenses can also soften questions and requests. Br New skill Keeping clients informed 11.1 KEY LANGUAGE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS English uses the present continuous to describe what's happening right now. Us sp et We are aiming to give youa We are still waiting for a part full progress report. from our supplier. hinds tft English also uses the present continuous to talk Use the present continuous with a future time about arrangements for a fixed time in the future. marker to talk about future arrangements We are having a meeting with Malik is talking to HR next week the IT department later today. to discuss the noise issues. $+ oat Gaacka 11.2 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHETHER THE ACTIVITY IN EACH. | PICTURE TAKES PLACE IN THE PRESENT OR THE FUTURE “) | Future) @ Presentlt future (1 | Present |_| 44 Future |_| © Present) Future oOCy: READ THE EMAIL AND WRITE ANSWERS. TO THE QUESTIONS AS FULL SENTENCES, ‘What is Janice informing Yasmin about? she is i ing her that her order is de a @ What happened to the delivery van? @ When is the company receiving new stock? © What is Janice hoping to do next week? @ How can Yasmin cancel her order? © Who should Yasmin contact if she has questions? to make a promise o | to delay doing something ) © | tofavor one thing above another ot © |. tosay something will definitely happen) e| to tell someone something ) ol to call or email someone ) oe to ask for something ) 11.4 MATCH THE DEFINITIONS TO THE CORRECT VERBS To: Yasmin Hendricks | Subject: Delay with order TY309— | Dear Ms. Hendricks, 'm sorry to inform you that our delivery van was involved | in an accident yesterday. 've obtained a list of affected Customers and unfortunately your order was damaged. ‘Were receiving new stock tomorrow and will contact you with a new delivery date. I'm hoping to confirm a new date next week. We're very sorry about the inconvenience caused, and ‘Would like to assure you that youll receive your order as oon as possible. f you'd prefer to cancel your order, you can do s0 online. Do not hesitate to contact me ifyou have any questions Best wishes, Janice Wright an ‘0 prefer ‘to confirm to assure to contact ( to request i to hesitate to inform11.5 KEY LANGUAGE CONTINUOUS TENSES FOR POLITENESS In correspondence with clients, English often uses continuous tenses to make requests more polite or promises less specific. PRESENT CONTINUOUS We are hoping to deliver your order next Monday. [We intend to deliver your order next Monday] re B19) fac HESS ‘The past continuous i only used for politeness here. | was wondering if we could meet at your office. {Let's meet at your office] aT empl Use ‘will "be’ and the verb with 18" to form the future continuous. ; e Will you be attending the launch of our soft drink range? [We hope you will go to the launch] Tee ~) 11.6 REWRITE THE HIGHLIGHTED, PHRASES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS To:Tyson Bally Subject: Poster campaign update Dear Tyson Bailey, Thanks for your email of December 12th regarding your poster campaign ition 2 fat 4 ‘meeting withthe designers tomorrow morring, an | sRSHBHAG to send you more designs tomorrow afternoon. for feedback from our focus oe. hear from them soon. if we could meet at your office to | iscuss their findings ABE ET that the campaig gst! we canto ensure | competed on time. Inthe meantime, if you have any questions, Yours, Darius Gad aw Lam aiming to have > eo0o00000| 11.7 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS Will you attending the launch of the new car this afternoon? 2 <=) Will you be attending the launch of the new car this afternson? 4 2) @ | was wonder if you would meet the clients at their factory. 4 t fh © We is having difficulties with deliveries due to the weather, ee a. © Will you be pay for the order by bank transfer or credit card? wih © We are aiming finish the redecorating by next Wednesday. ats ~) Ry 11.8 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER the Care} job “complete! (We ) Ke) a=) We are aiming to complete the job tomorrow. © 0) (we ) (om) (wating) (snoies) (i) Care) Cour) (hear) @ (wondering) (_|_} (could) (back) {if ) ( was } Lime) you} [call © |_you _) | meeting ( the } { be } {next } ( wil attending } (week? } { progress » we Continuous tenses [] Aa Arrangements and schedules Keeping clients informed [1] =| 47Informal communication Phrasal verbs have two or more parts. They are often QP Newlanguage Phrasal verbs used in informal spoken and written English, in things Aa Vocabulary Arrangements and plans such as messages and requests to co-workers. Fe New skill Keeping co-workers informed 12.1 KEY LANGUAGE PHRASAL VERBS Phrasal verbs consist of a verb followed by at least one particle. Most particles in phrasal verbs are prepositions, and the particle often changes the meaning of the verb. The paper in the copier has run out. The particle often changes the meaning ofthe verb, Verb Particle 12.2 FURTHER EXAMPLES PHRASAL VERBS Could you look into fixing the Av Welcome back! When coffee machine, please? or would you like to catch up? Pe Can you deal with the I'm afraid | have to ) overseas orders? hang up now. 12.3 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE RE eae ae oe eee @ Sorry, | have to hang in / up / into now. @ Il look out / up / into the problem now. @ Could you deal up / out / with this order? | @ The printer has run in / out / on of ink @ Il see / look / watch into Mr. Li's query. @ | need to catch / deal / look up with you, @ My client just hung / run / ran up on me! \ - a — 4812.4 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN NUMBER THE SENTENCES. IN THE ORDER YOU HEAR THEM ‘a © Ive got lots to do, so | have to hang up now. Nicky leaves a telephone message for her co-worker, Oscar. © When one printer runs out of ink, all the others stop working, too. @ It would be nice to meet up sometime soon. © | just wanted to catch up with you about your problem with the printers. @ | looked into it a bit deeper and discovered the problem @ It's quite easy to deal with. Oo08o000 12.5 READ THE EMAIL AND MATCH THE PHRASAL VERBS TO THEIR DEFINITIONS (hci fe ) Start discussing Find a solution To: André Jennings | was just writing to fA a meeting with you to talk ‘bout arrangements for next month's sales trip. Maybe ‘We could go for dinner on Friday? We could meet before dinner to fiNGUE al the paperwork for the sales meetings and ie best places to stay during the trip. Then we can 6AIIIGUE and eat some food. We could ask Lucinda to join us. It would be a good opportunity to SFAGIUBTour new sales strategy with her and see what she thinks oft. Hopefully she won't AGFATUB ate this time! Letme know your thoughts, Peter a4 4912.6 KEY LANGUAGE SEPARABLE PHRASAL VERBS ‘With some phrasal verbs, the object of the sentence can ‘The object can go go before or after the particle. The meaning is the same. after the particle. Please could you fill out this form? ° ey aS ¥ 2 2. Sat Nl ea Please could you fill this form out? ‘The object can come between the verb and the particle. #) Jy l 12.7 FURTHER EXAMPLES SEPARABLE PHRASAL VERBS We have to back up our files every night. Sue's sick today. Let's call off the meeting. We have to back our files up every night. Sue's sick today. Let’s call the meeting off. tie hee " They're giving out samples of their products. _ Please pass on the message to Jess. They're giving samples of their products out. Please pass the message on to Jess. ~) A Fy 12.8 REWRITE THE SENTENCES BY CHANGING THE POSITION OF THE PARTICLE Can we call off today’s meeting? Can we call today's meeting off? @ James, can you pass the message on to Zane? @ Put ona helmet before entering the site. | © Can you stand at the exit and hand out the leaflets? @ Welcome to Jo's, Please fill out the visitor’s form. — @ Before | update the software, back up your files. ”12.9 SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL | Every hour! back _ my new | | files up on my computer. Ve Could you please the Howard, we should really a meeting for this week e Xe oii After a busy day in the office, | usually message to Gary? | Thave an important meeting, so! a suit this morning, athome, A 49 Phrasal verbs [] Aa Arrangements and plans © REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 7-12 rasrrenecranonastsmmie | Sales ofourprodutshad{alen,sowehired | 6, |, PROJECT REPORTS Ce theresutsof | | og FELESHONEAROTOCIES I'm very sorry about the delay. Let's see what | | 81 we can do. PRESENT PERFECTCONTINUOUS | Gg every company has Been experiencing | 85 EMAILS TO Co-workers ee ee a | te CONTINUOUS TENSES PEE BCs nd eeeecte a | nans PHRASAL VERBS ee fi ee arse a a |1a126Vocabulary 13.1 PRODUCTION Everyone on the production line starts and finishes work at the same time. a production line {aline of people or machinery ina factory, each makinga specific part of a product] That car was unique. It was a one-off production for a private customer. wal The price goes up as the cost a one-off production [something that is made ‘or produced only once] raw materials {the basic substances that are 5 used to make a product} We can make changes. This is just a prototype. a prototype {the first form of a design that can be changed, copied, or developed] 437 These cars have become much cheaper with mass production. mass production [the process of making large numbers of goods, usually in a factory] These fabrics are much cheaper to manufacture abroad. to manufacture {to make a large number of goods usually in a factory and using machinery] The bags are expensive because they are all handmade. handmade [made by a person without the use of a machine] The overproduction of these shirts has meant we need to lower the price. All our toys go through a process of product testing. ¢ overproduction {manufacturing too much of something in relation to demand] % t. product testing [a process to check that goods meet certain standards] We cannot begin manufacture without product approval. product approval [a declaration that a product meets certain standards and is suitable for sale] 52The packaging of certain goods is vital for sales. packaging [the external wrapping of goods before they are sold) The painting process starts in this room and takes two days. a process [a series of actions or steps that are done in a particular order} All the ingredients for this product are ethically sourced. ethically sourced {found or bought ina morally acceptable way] ES: We have a lot of stock. We need to sell it before we produce any more. stock [goods that a company has made but not yet sold] be The factory makes 200,000 bars of chocolate a day. = afactory [a building or group of buildings where goods are made] We arrange shipping all over the world for our clients. shipping [moving goods from one place to another] These watches are beautiful, but their production is very labor intensive. labor intensive [requiring alot of human effort to make something] Can you ask the warehouse how many we have available to ship today? warehouse [a place where goods are stored before being shipped to customers or sellers} x= With food products, quality control is vital. quality control 9 [systems that ensure that products are ofa high standard] Poe They have been our main supplier of light bulbs for 20 years. a supplier [a company that provides or supplies another company with goods and services] *) 53Describing a process The passive voice can be useful when you need to 4? New language The passive voice describe how a process works. It emphasizes the Aa Vocabulary Processes and manufacturing action rather than the person or thing doing it. Be New skill Discussing how things are done 14.1 KEY LANGUAGE TALKING ABOUT PROCESSES WITH THE PASSIVE VOICE | ‘The present simple is formed usi Lis | ; 7 eee $32. Our products are designed in London. past participle. The present simple passive describes current or outine events ‘The present continuous . passive is formed using our original model was sold worldwide. Using “was / were" - and the past participle. The past simple pasive describes a single completed action inthe past. eS Panelists fet We tested extensively while “was / were” plus “being” it was being redesigned. and the past participle. The past continuous sive describes ongoing actions inthe past The past perfect passive describes events The past perfect that took place before another past event Se é é i The media had been notified before past participle we announced the launch. “) 5414.2 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS aes Chee A slice of history © Chosen potatoes are kept ata steady temperature. The essential potato chip: True |) False |] Notgiven |} How did we get here? © The biggest potatoes make the best potato chips. [isbetieved thatthe frst ven potato chips were created True || False [") Notgiven Sas ealse rion! - century. But how are they @ Potato chips have never come in plastic packaging, SN" First, golf ball toed True |_| False |) Notgiven | Potatoes are chosen and stored at a constant True ["] False ["] Not given and additives are used to keep the chips fresh, We make everything on site at the Imagicorp plant. All of our products are built / bain Europe. © Over the last year, an exciting new line has been developed / develop. @ This design has been / was patented in 1938, Nobody has ever managed to make a better product! © Their new line is being / have been launched next Saturday, Everyone is talking about it © Our factory floor was / is being cleaned before the CEO visited, He was happy things looked good! © You don't need to worry about dinner. The food is / had been cooked to order so that its fresh, © The first cars made in this factory were / was sold in the UK in 1972, and worldwide the next year. © Our original designers has been / were influenced by Japanese artists. © To prepare for the launch, advertising posters are / are being put up around town as we speak. © Chip companies make more money now than ever. temperature. The potatoes are then sliced and fried, orato-chip packaging has been constantly changing Packets have been made from paper, foil, plastic: andl ‘le © chip Companies do not monitor packaging styles. aver, compose maine tie quality of modern True |) False [| Not given — | Packaging is our main focus and is constantly being monitored. pu a Ry 14.3 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE Potato chi were invented ove 100 yearsago, ) ECE *) 5514.4 KEY LANGUAGE AGENTS IN THE PASSIVE VOICE "By" can be used to show the person e ‘or thing doing the action. Our CEO will announce the launch soon. a ry ‘This active sentence emphasizes the person doing the action (our CEO) The launch will be announced soon. In the passive sentence, the ation is ‘emphasized and the launch’ isthe subject. The launch will be announced soon by our CEO. "By" is added to show the person doing the action, ‘while stil emphasizing the action itself *) [ 14.5 HOWTO FORM AGENTS IN THE PASSIVE VOICE The launch announced iy ecreen 14.6 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PASSIVE PHRASES IN THE PANEL How many new models are being produced 2 as ) © Their new products on TV now. aro-being preduced © 80,000 packets in the factory each week, are produced @ A thousand new cars next week, is stopped will be sold © Our latest gadget by Ronnie Angel. . have been made © The production line during the summer. was invented Great advances in design recently. Ne *) 56FS 14.7 REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING THE PASSIVE VOICE, USING “BY” TO SHOW THE AGENT Our promotions team markets the product worldwide. ‘The product is marketed worldwide by our promotions team. @ Someone checks all the cars before they leave the factory. @ Maxine invented the new photo app for professional artists © Customers bought all Carl Osric’s books on the publication date. @ Ron buys all our vegetarian ingredients from the market. © Samantha checks all of the invoices before they are sent out. ”) E y 14.8 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO, THEN NUMBER THE PICTURES IN THE ORDER THEY ARE DESCRIBED 00 eu nt14.9 KEY LANGUAGE MODALS IN THE PASSIVE VOICE Certain modals can be used as set phrases in the pasve voice to express ideas such as Aad ari da dix possibility, ability, likelihood, and obligation. Be The importance of product testing can’t be overestimated. [Product testing is very important] All products must be approved before leaving the factory. [Products have to meet certain standards before they leave the factory] The product must have been damaged before it was shipped. [It seems very likely that the product was broken before it was shipped] The shipment could have been packaged more carefully. [The shipment was not packed as carefully as it should have been, This device couldn't have been tested before it went on sale. [It seems impossible that the device was tested before it was sold] \ ay Rue MATCH THE ACTIVE SENTENCES TO THE PASSIVE SENTENCES WITH THE SAME MEANING We must not ignore the costs. This picture couldn't have been drawn by Sani @ [Tim must have bought these flowers today. | (Che price shouldn't have been accepted. _} @ | You can't mark these down yet. They're new. The costs can't be ignored © [_ Sanjit could not have drawn this picture. _} (_ These glasses must be packaged carefully. _} © [__ Niamh shouldn't have accepted the price.) {They can’t be marked down yet! They're new. | © {_ You should package these glasses carefully.) ( The oven has been turned up @ | Nobody should ignore faults in the products. | (These flowers must have been bought today, } @ |___ Someone has turned the oven up } {_ Faults in the product shouldn't be ignored. | *) 5814.11 SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL How It’s Made ‘Alook at an electric car assembly line. a C First, the component parts are delivered @ The chassis parts are placed on the @ The engine and radiator byarobot as they arevery heavy. @ © __Theengine and radiator to the chassis by an assembly worker. a © | The bodywork is fully onaseparateling, © | The assembled bodywork is inspected before byarobot | @ © __The chassis and bodywork are joined together before the vehicle a | being painted is checked ~are-delivered- assembly line { assembled and welded are secured are lifted ~) ‘9 The passive voice [] Aa Processes and manufacturing [] -ussing how things are done 59Describing a product When describing a product, you will usually use QP New language Adjective order adjectives. You can use more that one adjective, Aa Vocabulary Opinion and fact adjectives but they must be in a particular order. Be Newskill Describing a product 15.1 KEY LANGUAGE ADJECTIVE ORDER ‘The meaning of an adjective decides its order in a sentence. Opinions come first, Fact adjectives also have their own followed by different types of facts. ‘order depending on their meaning, OPINION ADJECTIVE FACT ADJECTIVES NOUN a Ga a & Look at this fantastic huge plastic model! F {aman 4 eer oe SIZE MATERIAL *) A ] £ 15.2 KEY LANGUAGE ADJECTIVE ORDER IN DETAIL Look at this fantastic plastic model. made by a company. Ry 3 WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS =Sseos= wooden Swiss enormous green awful tiny modern out-dated awesome Indian red fabric 60Ry 15.4 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER 1) this} blue} version new, | __love_} I love this new, blue version! @ | the you} plastic | _ seen }| Have desks?) | ugly, © __metallic_| Were | range} _new, | | launching) { the } (tomorrow. | © | you} | Would } | diamond } | prefer | | ones? | { these } | tiny, | *) E J 15.5 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHICH THINGS ARE DESCRIBED me S : @ : | ~\ylZ- °o ‘ml. & o R = f=) 6115.6 KEY LANGUAGE SPECIFIC AND GENERAL OPINIONS General opinion adjectives always come before specific ones. General opinion adjectives can describe lots of different things. Specific opinion adjectives can only usually describe a certain type of thing. FACT OPINION ADJECTIVES ADJECTIVE KS What a nice, friendly new team! ‘Nc’ a gmea opinion A \ stn spcte pon adjective. Itcan describe adjective It usually only lots of different things. describes people or animals, @ I'm interested in that incredible / French modern device we saw at the sales fair. © Our competitors are still selling those really blue / ugly, large cotton shirts. i ° © The office has a profitable / friendly, old black cat that visits regularly. BA @ Frances, have you seen these Peruvian silver / small earrings that | brought back? * @ Did you get one of those new plastic / fantastic business cards? j i © Alot of customers have been asking for the new / German red version. ro ie @ My boss has asked me to design a small, paper / fantastic package for the product. ir | have bought some new leather / large chairs for the boardroom. TE 7 x 3 Bd Our catering team is developing a fantastic, frierrty / delicious menu for the conference. re y | y «) 6215.8 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS White guest towels are cheaper this year. | @ The Festival towel range is colorful. True |_| False || Notgiven | | © There is a discount on Festival towels. True | False _| Notgiven _ | © Black tablecloths are a new product. True |_| False [| Notgiven |) @ The kitchen towels are made of paper. True || False |_| Notgiven | | © The kitchen towels are made in Egypt. True |_| False [| Notgiven |) W ‘ehave everything your hotel or restaurant needs, towels through to & Ree ee ene best-selling white guest towels atthe same fantastic price a last year. But this year we are also adding a ange of stunning, multicolor “Festival” towels to our Hotel range. We are also adding to our wonderful Egyptian cotton tableware range. As wells the usual black and white ranges dy, brown, and olive- ee oe rag | abecks and napkins Don't forget to check out our hard-wearing, Turkish, cotton kitchen towels and mns in the Kitchen section of the brochure. His marketing strategy is a fantastic _, intelligent idea. We offer great, food that people can afford. Look atthat___ new billboard across the street. Hove buying wooden furniture for the office. My boss drives a tiny car to work. It's definitely easy to spot! a We aim to offer awesome, customer service at all times. a delicious enormous —fantastic~ friendly green antique 15.9 SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS. USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL a aVocabulary 16.1 MARKETING AND ADVERTISING e& fh = advertising agency advertisement / ad copywriter write copy ~~ Run fos hie unique selling logo slogan / tagline point / USP promote «i press release door-to-door sales "a leis life. be poster billboard sponsor merchandiseat consumer market research sales pitch free sample ¢ BR. “ % special offer leaflet / flyer direct mail coupons 4i online survey social media word of mouth ab small ads / advertisin, radio advertisin, telemarketin, personal ads iB 1B 8 Fe Nil,Marketing a product You can use a variety of adjectives and adverbs to describe 49° New language Adjectives and adverbs the key features when marketing a product or service. Aa Vocabulary Descriptive adjectives Not all adjectives can be modified in the same way. Be New skill. Modifying descriptions of products 17.1 KEY LANGUAGE NON-GRADABLE ADJECTIVES ‘Most adjectives are known as “gradable” adjectives. They can be modified with grading adverbs, such as “slightly” "very," and “extremely.” Non-gradable adjectives cannot be modified in this way. Gradable adjectives like “good” can Now-eradbl nectiesH ‘be modified wit grading adverbs ann like “entemely"and “very” modified by grading adverbs Our products are good. @ ot Tes = oe i) a Be an ~) 17.2 FURTHER EXAMPLES NON-GRADABLE ADJECTIVES Non-gradable adjectives fall into three categories: extreme, absolute, and classifying. The demand is They have a Our customer enormous. unique design. base is American. exe etn ae Able adjectives tke NA caasiyingadicives stronger version of gradable unique” describe fed are used to sy that adjectives. “Enormous has quate o states. somethings ofa the sense of tremely big” Specifics or ype. “) / 6617.3, WRITE THE ADJECTIVES FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT CATEGORIES True | | False _| Notgiven | | © Put key words in a different color text. True [| False "| Notgiven [| The article only talks about newsletters. True [| False _| Not given | | © Readers do not trust the words "Free” and “New.” True |_| False _| Notgiven | | © The article recommends setting up a website. True |_| False _| Notgiven || fantastic awfak impossible tiny —right— digital organic disgusting perfect industrial wrong —electronic_-~=—= unique» © enormous chemical ~) 17.4 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. Writing for buyers ~The author owns his own marketing company. Rachid Barbery talks about writing \_ True [| False “| Not given x 9 effective marketing texts Luu; D @ Give readers a reason for buying your product. R geez ss shown dha there are certain True [| False | Notgiven (| ae tur your readers into buyers. Couraitewanwcweerenein ieee about the product to make them more believable. Make sure you explain why readers would benefit from buying your product compared to others. For example, say that your digital camera weighs 100g less than.” similar ones and has a unique rubber grip because it makes it easier to carry when traveling. Use the word You” alot to help make the connection between the reader and the product. I's also a good idea to promote limited time offers or limited editions as these create oa extra reason to buy your product now. This could be Deal ofthe Day o Special Edition Color. Using key Words in your newsletters and the front pages of jour websites or leaflets, such as “Free” and "New" always Creates interest and a positive response in readers 717.5 KEY LANGUAGE NON-GRADING ADVERBS Some adverbs can be used to qualify non-gradable adjectives. These are called “non-grading adverbs,” and often mean “entirely” or “almost entirely.” They cannot usually be used with gradable adjectives. => e tiatitittt me FOS” HiT The demand is They have atotally | Our customer base is absolutely enormous! new design. completely American. «) ‘17.6 FURTHER EXAMPLES NON-GRADING ADVERBS absolutely nearly completely utterly essentially practically jr almost 7 hol totally . mainh perfectly entirely virtually largely thoroughly almost. ~~) 17.7 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT The product is utterly good. oO © The client said it was totally fantastic. Oo The product is utterly amazing. ug The client said it was totally nice. o @ The new gadget is completely digital. Oo @ His decision to invest was entirely right. o The new gadget is completely bad. a is decision to invest was maybe right. Oo @ This draft design is practically perfect. Oo @ This area of town is largely industrial. C This draft design is practically allright. [ This area of town is large industrial. a «)17.8 KEY LANGUAGE “REALLY,” “FAIRLY,” AND “PRETTY” ‘A few adverbs can be used with both gradable and non-gradable adjectives. They are “really” (meaning “very much’), and “pretty” “fairly” (both “quite a lot, but not very’ and “fairly” (both meaning “quite alot, but not very’). pan What you need is a really { bance } idea. we Non-gradable e You need to be fairly {confident} it works. certain Inventing a new product is pretty { difficult } ; impossible *) I y LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ee ‘Two marketing executives I are discussing products at a trade fair. @ How does Marion feel about selling to the Sales of Vietnamese instant meals are... European market? quite poor. CL Really confident oO | fairly good, oO Pretty confident oO | really good. xr Totally confident oO @ The target market for the instant © What does Sean think about the meal range is. taste of the meals? mainly European. Oo Fairly tasty oO entirely European. oO Pretty tasty oO mostly Asian. Oo Absolutely delicious oO - 9? Adjectives and adverbs] Aa Descriptive adjectives [] je Modifying descriptions of products [] 69BEES Advertising and branding When you want to tell people about your company, 1? New language Intensifiers product, or brand, intensifiers like ‘enough,’ "too," so,’ Aa Vocabulary “Enough’ to0""s0" and “such” and “such” can help communicate your point. Bae New skill Adding emphasis to descriptions 18.1 KEY LANGUAGE "ENOUGH" AND “TOO” “Enough” can be used after an adjective or adverb to show that it’ the right degree. ake Our warehouse is We always package items big enough for your needs. safely enough for delivery. Adjective + “enough ‘Adverb “enough? "Too" can be used before an adjective or adverb to show that it’s more than enough. * “Fits = 1 eld th “Tot + adjective Toot + adverb Their product is ae expensive. The motor runs too irencie Nobody will buy it. It’s really unpleasant. *) RJ MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT The shipping cost is too high. x @ The delivery times are too slowly. oO The shipping cost is enough high. [_) The delivery times are too slow. a @ Is the office big enough for us? oO © Are these shelves strong enough? o Is the office enough big for us? oO ‘Are these shelves too strong? oO “) 7018.3 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHICH THINGS ARE DESCRIBED. 18.4 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ‘The ad suggests images are often too small. True |_| False |) Not given [7% @ Over half of clients view websites on computers. True [| False | | Notgiven | | @ A poor website could mean you lose customers. True |_| False | | Notgiven | | © 50% of consumers shop online. True [| False [| Notgiven || © Mobiopt Web focuses on what the website looks like and how it works. True || False |_| Notgiven | | © You have to pay Mobiopt Web for a quote, True |_| False _| Notgiven _ | Mobiopt Web 1 NOME 1 PORTFOLIO’ | Ag, | What we do Have you ever co considered what your webst ooks tne oe ‘mobie deve? Is the tox oxeugh ood? Aro the mages too sen Showcase your fantasti pocuras search sys that over SD pocerg is of your ti % Lee Peentisl certs are haly to use mobi dense innate YOu nee tofek and wa pees sees: terse ourcusiomer nape At Mebopt ve, we work with yout Ato © ensure that not fees your website look ‘great, but that it also do ait coe be and your clients want it to. on tact us ow ® NW for a fee auction on your new we deg sion. n18.5 KEY LANGUAGE “SO” AND “SUCH” "Such" can be added before a noun to add emphasis. It can also be added before an adjective and noun combination. ff sti ‘elt The new model was It was such an such a success. important meeting. “Such #"a/an® + noun “Such 'a/an" + adjective + noun "So" can be added before an adjective or an adverb to add emphasis. at fae ts at. Initial reviews are The product launch so important. went so well! "So" + adjective K sors adver ’ 2) | 18.6 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER (price } The }( hight ) | so } The price is 50 high! @ | My } (so | | is ) | ambitious. ) | boss | @ (such | _Its } (a) product.) { great_} @ phones } so } cheap.) | Their | | are | @ _ boring | was} | so} | meeting | The} @ so }( Her || is }_ company | _ big! ) @ such | His |_was | surprise. | news| a} @ surprise! | was| such | Our | launch || a) «) 2t J 18.7 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD There is such /-se a big crowd at the trade fair this year! © 6 0 8 6 ‘The slogan is far such / too complicated. We need to simplify it. They have created such / enough a brilliant poster campaign. We haven't done too / enough market research. We need to understand our consumers. ur supervisor is such / too a creative person. She designed our new logo. Marion is such / so persuasive when she delivers a sales pitch. a *) $f Intensifiers 1] Aa"Enough,""too,"*s0," and "such" [] le Adding emphasis to descriptions (] ‘© REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 13-18 DESCRIBING A PROCESS WITH Our products are designed in London. tn THE PASSIVE VOICE Our original model was sold worldwide. DESCRIBING A PRODUCT WITH ' ; nee Lookat this fantastic, huge plastic modell 153, 15.2 SPECIFICAND GENERALOPINIONS | What a nice, ‘riendly new team! 156 NON-GRADABLE ADJECTIVES AND | They havea new design. va NON-GRADING ADVERBS They havea totally new design. 175 é sanp roo" Our warehouse is big enough for your needs. ENOUGH" AND TOO! Their product is too expensive. zd E = The new model was suich a success. SO” AND “SUCH” FOREMPHASIS TRIG Varschieare ge ereare 185Advice and suggestions English uses modal verbs such as “could,” “should,” and 4? New language Modal verbs for advice “must” for advice or suggestions. They can be used to Aa Vocabulary Workplace pressures help co-workers in difficult or stressful situations. Be New skill Giving advice 19.1 KEY LANGUAGE GIVING ADVICE English uses "could? "should," and "must" to vary the strength of advice given. Sapien Strong advice Very strong, You should delegate more work to your team. | don't know how I'm going to meet the deadline for this project! You must talk to your manager. You could ask the clients for more time. [=o le o = re: < Ew 2 6 if Sic] ie u RS ~)) 19.2 FURTHER EXAMPLES GIVING ADVICE “ought ako ores Usenot afer modal oe nnn a You ought to make alist Ey ct aatelont en through of all your tasks. ra] your lunch break. «) RK 19.3 MATCH THE SITUATIONS TO THE CORRECT ADVICE I can't do all this work myself You shouldn't work such long shift o I won't finish my report on time. (You shouldn't start work so early. eo | started work at Sam today. You ought to delegate it to your team. © (I worked a 16-hour shift yesterday. ~ You should t ° haven't left my desk for five hours. ae walk outside right now. ) You must tell your boss it “19.4 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL You really need a break. You _shauldn’t take __ work home. \ @ Mywife said|__ yoga and relaxation techniques. ‘ought to take @yYou working right away if you feel sick. could try @vou break if you're really tired. shouldnt feel @you____———__ exhausted at the beginning of the week. smust delagate @You_——————_ some of your work to your assistant. should stop «) Fy 19.5 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, 19.6. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND. CORRECTING THE ERRORS MARK WHETHER KATE ADVISES GIORGOS TO DO THE ACTIVITY IN You ought talk to your manager. EACH PICTURE You ought to talk to your manager. @ You are ought to relax more. @ You must to stop taking work home every day. © He could trying to delegate more tasks. @ You shouldn't to worry so much about work. @ She shoulds talk to her colleagues. © He ought to quits his job if he hates it. «) Bo No yes]19.7 KEY LANGUAGE MAKING SUGGESTIONS. Use "What about..2" with a gerund or “Why don't we..2" with a base verb to make suggestions. What about hiring taf? Why don't we hire } eae! J [ 19.8 HOW TO FORM SUGGESTIONS rr Eee ae "| Why don’t we more staff? Ey ] [ 19.9 FURTHER EXAMPLES MAKING SUGGESTIONS kK What about working from Why don't we organize NR home on Fridays? ateam lunch? sy lhe ma! ~ What about opening taut Why don't we file anew store? these documents? “) + c J 19.10 USE THE CHART TO CREATE SIX CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD taking take What about buyin a break? taking a break? oie better equipment? 2 ene new employees? « 1619.11 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE What about teai/ training our staff better? © Why don't we buy / buying new chairs? © Why don't we go / going for a walk outside? © What about drink / drinking less coffee? A heavy workload can affect your health True (7% False [} © You must find out what makes you stressed. True ["] False [| @ When you are stressed, you can concentrate. True (| False (| © Exercise can help you deal with stress. True [| False [| @ You should work through your lunch break. True [_) False [| It's important to get a good night's sleep. True [| False (] © You shouldn't tell people how you feel True [| False [) © Why don't we provide / providing free fruit? © What about make / making a list of your tasks? © What about delegate / delegating this to Jo? © Why don't we ask / asking Paul to help us? *) oO 19.12 READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS Tima Stressed out at work? Our experts give advice about coping with a busy workload TT c.retect your health from the effects ofa heavy workload, you must discover why you feel stressed at work Then you should learn to recognize signs of excessive stress, such as: + feeling depressed + problems sleeping * difficulty concentrating + headaches. Next, you ought to develop Positive coping strategies such as exercising and cating well. Have a real break at lunchtime. This in ‘urn will help you sleep better and longer. What about making your night-time routine and your bedroom more relaxing? Sleep is very important, so you shouldn't miss out on it. Finally, you should talk ‘o others about your feelings. J fodal verbs for advice [] Aa Workplace pressures [] ing advice 7Vocabulary 20.1 MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP Every year | have an appraisal with my manager. an appraisal / a performance review [an interview to discuss an employee's performance} 1 | was promoted this year, so | have my own office. to be promoted {to be given a more senior position within a company] We get a $500 sales bonus if we meet our targets. abonus [money added to a person's wages asa reward for good performance] My boss is really pleased with my performance this year. ” performance thow well a person carries out tasks] 20.2 SKILLS AND ABILITIES ple organization = IT/ computing +- 5 = in numeracy customer service re written communication administration problem-solving ° ; ane Wat interpersonal skills leadership ll oe: as ¢ 3 nM initiati telephone manner 78Our manager has to approve this before it goes to the client. to approve {to officially confirm something meets the required standards} My team leader allocates tasks at the beginning of each week. to allocate a task [to give a task to somebody) like to delegate tasks to give my co-workers a variety of work. to delegate : {to give work or tasks to a person , ¢ ina position junior to you) 4 as ea Ihave to designate a colleague as the main first aider in the office. 2 j “) to designate [to choose somebody to take on a particular role] iyi decision-making T research fluent in languages = able to drive work well under pressure als NN teamwork fast learner @. f 2 E Ss ae. vit attention to detail negotiating @ o AA ete project time RE ei gala ~) 79WF Taking about abilities To talk about people’ skills, for example in a 4 New language Modal verbs for abilities performance review, you can use various modal Aa Vocabulary Workplace skills verbs to express present, past, and future ability. Fe New skill Describing abilities 21.1 KEY LANGUAGE TALKING ABOUT PRESENT ABILITY } Use ‘can,"‘can't” and “cannot to talk about people's skills and abilities in the present. Jasmine'’s team can finish ee 1 v t. ;” A PRE AA [ 21.2 FURTHER EXAMPLES TALKING ABOUT PRESENT ABILITY the job really quickly. ~) Negative form of ean” g ¢ English also uses “cannot” Umar can create beautiful i we Stuart can't cook ina flower arrangements. + professional kitchen. 1 bf I can fix your car by wo They can’t work together = TT the end of the day. q without arguing. FJ 21.3 FILLIN THE GAPS USING “CAN” OR “CAN'T” Alastair has excellent IT skills. He can create computer programs and apps. @ She doesn't like meeting new people. She work in the HR department. @ Shaun ‘work really well with new employees, so he should help run our training course. @ Have you seen her brilliant photographs? She create our posters and flyers. Lydia failed her driving test, so, unfortunately, she drive the delivery van, ; *) 8021.4 KEY LANGUAGE TALKING ABOUT PAST ABILITY Use “could to talk about abilities in the past. ‘The negative form is “couldn't” or “could not.” My old team could work really well, but my new team can't concentrate. + rere f iit. lused to be so nervous that | couldn't speak in public, but now I can give presentations. fe as K aD | 21.5 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS For years she can't drive but now she has passed her test. si For years she couldn't drive but now she has passed her test, x @ Peter can't use the new coffee machine. He didn't know how it worked. i © Varinder could write reports very well at first, but she can now that she's had more practice. fe] q anni Q Bill was the only person who can't figure out how to use the photocopier. ¢ sty = *) © No one in the office can read his handwriting. It was awful. 8121.6 KEY LANGUAGE TALKING ABOUT FUTURE POTENTIAL English uses “could! to talk about people’ future abilities and potential. In this context, could” can be followed by most English verbs. Use “could” before most verbs to talk about possible future situations If Felipe keeps on working hard, Jenny could reach the top of he could become head chef. ‘our company’s sales rankings. You can also use “would! followed by "do," “make,” or “be” to talk about future potential. “Would! is stronger than “could,” and suggests that something is more likely to happen. Use "do" or "make" after “would” to talk about future potential Kim is good at training people. She would make an excellent team leader. faa Liz is really polite. She would do well in the customer services department. a *) 4 ie Ky Zi MARK WHETHER THE STATEMENTS REFER TO PAST OR FUTURE ABILITY You could be head of your department. © He would do well in a smaller team. Past |_| Future [7 Past (Future |_| @ She would make a great team leader. © Ray could get along with the old CEO. Past (| Future[_] Past] Future! | @ He couldn't cook before his training. @ Fiona could do better if she tried. Past (_) Future| | Past |] Future(_) *) 8221.8 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS @ Nick is pleased with Shona’s work \ True [_] False [] Notgiven [| @ Shona has worked there for five years. True |_| False |] Not given || Shona is having her © Shona will get a $500 bonus. annual performance True [] False ["] Notgiven [| TT ith he e inal © Shona can't work well with new staff True [_| False |] Notgiven | | Shona's manager wants to talk about her past. Frais Irae’ (A Netelvert © Shona wouldn't be a good team leader. True [| False [|] Notgiven (| A oD 21.9 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE, THEN SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD You're an excellent sales assistant, and you-car't / would do well in the marketing team, a o James's team was weak, but he's trained them well and now they can /can't do anything @ —— Werthink that you are really creative and couldn't / would make a great addition to the PR team. a ° | don't know what is wrong with me today. | can / can't get anything finished. a ° My confidence is much better now. Before, | would / couldn't talk in public. a «) @F Modal verbs for abilities] AaWorkplace skills] je Describing abilities [) 83Comparing and contrasting In team discussions, discourse markers can ease the flow of conversation, They can help link similar or contrasting ideas, or connect an action to a result. @P New language Discourse markers Be Newskill Exoressing your ideas 22.1 KEY LANGUAGE EXPRESSING SIMILAR IDEAS ‘Some discourse markers link ideas that are similar to each other. ita mt Wi work. It is also fun. Team B were equally successful. trarety $ahse? Aa Vocabulary Teamwork and team building This training is useful for your day-to-day Team A completed the task very quickly. ire all Laziness is a terrible trait for a team I portant to say what we all think. member. Dishonesty is very bad, too. We should listen to each other as well. “) 22.2 KEY LANGUAGE EXPRESSING CONTRASTING IDEAS ‘Some discourse markers link contrasting ideas. The training today was useful. However, Although Team A completed the yesterday's task was pointless. task quickly, Team B didn't finish it. Some people want to run a team, while Laziness is a terrible trait in a team, others want to be team members. whereas hard work is excellent. “) 4 84| 22.3 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE © All staff should follow the dress code for the training. Please be on time, white/ too. ¥" Atthough / Equally | attended the training session, m not sure I learned very much, RY © FFE vou gota high score for the I test, and you've done equally / while well on the team-building course. © &$: Team A builta small boat out of plastic bottles, as well / whereas Team B used wood to make theirs. ° f t “The training day is a great way to learn new skills. I's also / however a good way to get to know people. “) X f y 22.4 LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS a > fay A team-building coach is giving ? feedback on two teams' performances. © Members of Team Bear were. The coach says the team-building days are. the tallest andthe quickest. [] challenging and tiring. a the tallest and the most scared. [_) challenging but rewarding. oO the tallest, whereas Team Lion challenging and fun. ay were slowest. oO © Atthe beginning of the team-building day, © Members of Team Bear helped each the participants.. other while members of Team Lion... walked across bridges over ariver. [ | disagreed with each other. o walked across bridges high inthe air. [| worked too slowly. o made ladders to climb up trees. — [_| raced each other tothefinish. [| © This task challenged the participants to. @ Inthe future, Team Lion should. overcome fear andhelp eachother. [_] help Team Bear to be less afraid. || deal with a fear of heights. oO argue less and work faster. oO work more slowly and listen to their teammates. o learn how to build rope bridges. 85