DRUG STUDY

Paracetamol 600mg IV q6
Drug Mechanism of action/Side Indication/ Nursing responsibilities
effects Contraindication
Brand name: Mechanism of action Indication  Do not exceed 4gm/24hr. In adults
Panadol Decreases fever by a  Do not take for >ten days for pain in
hypothalamus effect leading to Control of pain due adults, or more than three days for
Generic name: sweating and vasodilation. to headache, fever in adults.
Paracetamol Inhibits pyrogen effect on the earache,  Extended-Release tablets are not to be
dysmenorrhea, chewed.
 Classification: hypothalamus-heat-regulating
arthralgia, myalgia,  Monitor CBC, liver, and renal functions.
Non-narcotic centers
musculoskeletal  Assess for fecal occult blood and
analgesic, nephritis.
Antipyretic Inhibits CNS prostaglandin pain
synthesis with minimal impact  Avoid using OTC drugs with
reduce fever in viral Acetaminophen.
Route: on peripheral prostaglandin
and bacterial  Take with food or milk to minimize GI
IVF synthesis does not cause
infections. upset.
Dosage: ulceration of the GI tract and  Report cyanosis, shortness of breath,
600mg causes no anticoagulant action. As a substitute and abdominal pain as these are signs
Frequency: for aspirin in upper of toxicity.
Side Effects
Q6hrs GI disease, bleeding  Report paleness, weakness, and
Minimal GI upset, disorders, clients in heartbeat skips
Methemoglobinemia, Hemolytic anticoagulant  Report abdominal pain, jaundice, dark
urine, itchiness, or clay-colored stools.
Anemia, Neutropenia, therapy and gouty
 Phenmacetin may cause urine to
Thrombocytopenia, arthritis
become dark brown or wine-colored.
Pancytopenia, Leukopenia,  Report pain that persists for more than
Urticaria, CNS stimulation, Contraindication
3-5 days
Hypoglycemic coma, Jaundice, Renal Insufficiency,  Avoid alcohol.
Drowsiness, Liver Damage Anemia  This drug is not for regular use with any
form of liver disease.
Piptaz 4.5g IV Q6

Drug Mechanism of action/Side effects Indication/ Nursing

Contraindication responsibilities
Brand name: Mechanism of action Indication Assessment & Drug Effects
Piperacillin/ Antibacterial combination product Obtain history of
Tazobactam consisting of the semisynthetic Treatment of moderate hypersensitivity to
Generic name: piperacillin and the beta-lactamase to severe appendicitis, penicillins, cephalosporins,
uncomplicated and or other drugs prior to
Zosyn inhibitor tazobactam. Tazobactam
complicated skin and skin administration.
component does not decrease the activity
structure infections, Monitor hematologic status
Classification: of the piperacillin component against with prolonged therapy
antiinfective; susceptible organisms. endometritis, pelvic
(Hct and Hgb, CBC with
beta-lactam inflammatory disease, or
differential and platelet
antibiotic; Side Effects nosocomial or
count).
antipseudomo community-acquired Monitor patient carefully
CNS: seizures, confusion, dizziness, pneumonia caused by
nal penicillin headache, insomnia, lethargy.  during the first 30 min after
piperacillin-resistant, initiation of the infusion for
GI: PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS piperacillin/tazobactam-
Route: signs of hypersensitivity.
COLITIS, diarrhea, constipation, drug- susceptible, beta-
IVF induced hepatitis, nausea, vomiting.  lactamase-producing Patient & Family Education
GU: interstitial nephritis.  bacteria. Report rash, itching, or
Dosage: Derm: rashes (↑ in cystic fibrosis other signs of
4.5g patients), urticaria.  Contraindication hypersensitivity
Hemat: bleeding, leukopenia, immediately.
Frequency: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia.  Hypersensitivity to Report loose stools or
Q6hrs Local: pain, phlebitis at IV site.  piperacillin, tazobactam, diarrhea as these may
Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS, penicillins, indicate
cephalosporins, or beta- pseudomembranous colitis.
INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS AND SERUM
SICKNESS, fever (↑ in cystic fibrosis lactamase inhibitors such
patients), superinfection. as clavulanic acid and
sulbactam.
 Keterolac 30mg IV q8

Drug Mechanism of Indication/ Nursing responsibilities

action/Side Contraindication
effects
Brand name: Mechanism of Indication know the history (e.g. allergies, renal
Toradol action impairment, etc.) and physical condition of
Generic name: It inhibits synthesis Short-term management of pain; the patient (reflexes, ophthalmologic and
ketorolac of prostaglandins ocular itching due to seasonal audiometric evaluation, orientation,
allergic conjunctivitis, reduction of clotting times, serum electrolytes, etc.)
tromethamine and is a peripherally
post-operative pain and In case of hypersensitivity, be sure that
acting analgesic.
photophobia after refractive emergency equipment is available.
Classification: Ketorolac does not Drug vials should be protected from light.
CENTRAL have any known surgery.
To maintain serum levels and control pain
NERVOUS effects on opiate Contraindication effectively, administer it every six hours.
SYSTEM receptors. Report any signs of itching, swelling in the
AGENT; NSAID, Hypersensitivity to ketorolac; ankles, sore throat, easy bruising, etc.
ANALGESIC; Side Effects individuals with complete or partial
 ANTIPYRETIC syndrome of nasal polyps,
Route: headache,heartburn, angioedema, and bronchospastic
IVF upset reaction to aspirin or other NSAIDs;
stomach,nausea,vo during labor and delivery; patients
Dosage: miting,diarrhea,stom with severe renal impairment or at
30mg ach risk for renal failure due to volume
pain,bloating,gas,co depletion; patients with risk of
Frequency: nstipation,dizziness, bleeding; active peptic ulcer
Q8hrs drowsiness,sweating disease; pre- or intraoperatively;
and ringing in the intrathecal or epidural
ears. administration; in combination with
other NSAIDs; lactation.
 Tramadol 50mg IV q6

Drug Mechanism of Indication/ Nursing responsibilities

action/Side effects Contraindication
Brand name: Mechanism of action Indication Assess type, location, and intensity of
tramadol  Binds to mu-opioid pain
Generic receptors. Inhibits Relief of moderate to moderately before and 2-3 hour (peak) after
name: reuptake of serotonin severe pain administration.
Assess bowel function routinely.
 Ultram and norepinephrine in Contraindication Assess previous analgesic history.
Classification the CNS.
Tramadol is not recommended for
: Suicidal patients, acute alcoholism; patients
Analgesic, Side Effects head injuries; raised intracranial dependent on opioids or who have
centrally pressure; severe renal impairment; previously received opioids for more than
acting CNS: SEIZURES, lactation. 1 week; may cause opioid withdrawal
Route: dizziness, symptoms.
IVF headache, Monitor patient for seizures.
somnolence, May occur within recommended dose
Dosage: anxiety, confusion, range.
50mg coordination
disturbance,
Frequency: malaise,
Q6rs nervousness, sleep
disorder, weakness
EENT: visual
disturbances
CV: vasodilation
GI: constipation,
nausea, abdominal
pain