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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Digital Image Processing

Assignment- Week 8
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 2 = 20

QUESTION 1:

The images shown below (a & b) are quite different, but their histograms are the same. Suppose
that each image is blurred with a 3x3 averaging mask. Which of the following is (are) true?

a) Histogram of the blurred images will remain same.

b) Histograms of the blurred images will be different from each other.

c) Histograms of the blurred images will change but they will be identical.

d) None of the above.

Correct Answer: b.

Detailed Solution:

Figure (b) has more edge pixels than figure (a). So after blurring, there are more pixels in figure (b)
whose intensity values will change in comparison to that of figure (a). Therefore, histograms of the
blurred images will be different from each other.

Hence option b is correct.

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QUESTION 2:

Which of the following is a first-order derivative operator?

a) Laplacian of Gaussian

b) Laplacian

c) Prewitt

d) All of the above

Correct Answer: c.

Detailed Solution:

  1 0 1 
 
Prewitt operator   1 0 1  is first order difference.
  1 0 1 
 

Hence option c is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 3:

Which of the filter can be used to obtain horizontal edges in an image?

1 2 1

a)  0 0 0 
 1  2  1

1 0  1 
b) 2 0  2
1 0  1

c) Both a and b

d) None of the above

Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

1 2 1
0 0 0  is vertical Sobel operator which does a averaging in horizontal direction and

 1  2  1
difference operator in vertical direction. Therefore it can be used to detect horizontal edge in an
image.

Hence option a is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 4:

Which of the following is/are true for histogram of an image?

a) It represents local appearance of an image.

b) Two different images may have same histogram.

c) Both a and b

d) None of the Above

Correct Answer: b.

Detailed Solution:

Histogram is basically the probability distribution of intensity values in an image. It does not
capture any spatial correlation of intensity values but it captures the global appearance of an image.
Also two images may have same histogram even if they look different i.e. having different local
appearance but because of same distribution of intensity values considering the entire image.

Hence option b is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 5:

If we add a constant intensity (q) image pixel by pixel to an image I, then __________.
Assume that even after addition of two images the intensity at any pixel is less than the maximum
allowable intensity.

a) histogram of the image I shifts to right by q.

b) histogram of the image I shifts to left by q.
c) histogram of the image I shifts to left by 2q.
d) histogram of the image I does not change.
Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

We are adding constant intensity at each location of image I, this increases each intensity by an
value of q. Therefore histogram of the image I shifts to right by q.
Hence option a is correct.
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QUESTION 6:

In _______ image we notice that the components of histogram are concentrated on the lower side
on intensity scale:

a) dark

b) light

c) colourful

d) All of the Mentioned

Correct Answer: a.

Detailed Solution:

In a dark image, the probability of pixel intensities closer to minimum value will be higher and the
components of histogram are concentrated on the lower side on intensity scale.

Hence option a is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 7:

Which of the following filter can be used for removing salt and pepper noise?

a) Low Pass Filter

b) High-Pass Filter

c) High-Boost Filter

d) Median Filter

Correct Answer: d.

Detailed Solution:

Median filter is based on ordered statistics and median operator removes the outliers in the image.

Hence option d is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 8:

Laplacian operator can be used for which of the following operations?

a) Contrast Adjustment

b) Edge detection

c) Image Averaging

d) All of the above

Correct Answer: b.

Detailed Solution:

Laplacian operator is a second order difference operator and therefore can be used in edge
detection.

Hence option b is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 9:

Which of the following is true for second order derivative filter?

a) Zero along ramp of constant slope.

b) Sensitive to noise.

c) Helps in finding appropriate location of edge.

d) All of the above mentioned

Correct Answer: d.

Detailed Solution:

Second order derivative will have zero response along ramp of constant slope.

Because of second order derivative, noise is also amplified.

Zero crossing of double derivative provides most appropriate location of an edge.

Hence option d is correct.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 10:

Perform histogram equalisation of the following Image. Assume maximum intensity to be 7.

3 3 5
(4 4 3)
5 2 2

a) 1 4 7
(6 6 4)
7 3 3

b) 4 4 7
(6 6 4)
7 2 2

c) 2 5 7
(6 6 5)
7 3 3

d) None of the above

Correct Answer: b.

Detailed Solution:

Let r represents the intensity levels, pr (r ) represents the probability of occurrence of r th intensity
r
level. s k  T (r )   p r (i ) represents the transformation function from r to s .
i 0

 s  s min  
s   Int   * 7  0.5
 s max  s min  
r pr (r ) sk  T (r ) s 
0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
2 2 2 2
9 9
3 3 5 4
9 9
4 2 7 6
9 9
5 2 1 7
9
6 0 1 7
7 0 1 7
4 4 7
Using transformation from above table, we get the equalized image as (6 6 4).
7 2 2

Hence option b is correct.