Junior High School

Grade 10

English

ENGLISH LEARNING KIT

First Quarter - Week 2

Textual Aids

Grade 10-English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on
the understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
English – Grade 10
English Learning Kit
Textual Aids
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

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reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
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Development Team of English Learning Kit

Writer: Joy Grace D. Demavivas, EdD

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Ryan D. Orig, Mark T. Dasa

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay

Jun Victor F. Bactan
Merlo Ceasar O. Francisco

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Lilibeth E. Larupay, Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Dana D. Detablan
Julieto T. Montenegro, Jr.

Management Team: Dr. Roel Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
 Textual Aids

BEGIN

Hi! We are happy to see you

again.

In this lesson, you will do

activities that will help you understand
the things happening around you.
Specifically, you will be asked to
answer the important question, How
do I perceive myself years from
now?

This self-learning kit is

geared towards developing
conversation skills through the use of
textual aids like advance organizers,
titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on
the understanding of text.

Textual aids are educational

instrument, tools or materials that
provide support and facilitate
understanding of texts.
.

TARGET

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. determine the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-
linear illustration, etc. on the understanding of a text EN10RC-la-215;
2. create a personal goal for the next four years; and
3. use textual aids to understand a reading text.
1
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 TRY THIS

Hi! We will still be with you all

through out this lesson. We are happy to
assist once again as we start our second
lesson.
You exactly know that you can
hurdle all activities if you only follow the
instructions. That is exactly what we want
you to do again. But please don’t forget
to have fun while doing the tasks and
learning new things.
Let us begin with an initial activity.

Activity 1
OPEN YOUR SCHEMA
Directions: Test your prior knowledge. Match the most appropriate description in
column A with each term in column B. Write only the letter that
corresponds to your choice in your activity notebook.

Column A Column B
1. a sequence chart that shows A. Concept map
series of events in order
2. show the central thought with
B. Graphic organizer
its matching characteristics
3. visual displays of key content
information C. Venn Diagram
4. emphasizes the connection
between the different
concepts D. Flow Chart
5. used to identify, classify,
categorize and recognize
E. Cause and effect
similarities and differences of
two or more subjects, ideas,
thoughts, and / or concept

2
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Activity 2
PLAY SOME RIDDLES
Directions: Read the following riddles and identify what is suggested. Write your
answer in your notebook.

1. A deep well that is full of chisels.

2. Two wells, which you cannot turn to look at.
3. Has a body but no face
Has no eyes but sheds tears.
4. I cut it with bolo in the forest
But it cries in the house.
5. It has no life, but it sleeps.

Activity 3
SOLVE THE MYSTERY BOXES
Directions: Interpret what is inside the box. Each contains common phrase or
expression in English. Write your answer in your notebook.

1.
SAND
4. GROUND
FEET
FEET
FEET
FEET
FEET
/
2.
TOWN

5.
│R│E│A│D│I│N│G│

3.
MIND___________
MATTER

Did you find answering the last two activities easy or

difficult?
Well, we are just starting to keep those mental juices
flowing. Let us move on to the next two activities.

3
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 DO THIS

Activity 4
CHART IT LIKE A PIE
Directions: Recall and list down how you spend your 24 hours in a day. After listing
down, make a pie chart like the one shown below of how you spent your
day. Copy the table and do the activity in your activity notebook.

No. of Hours List of things I’ve done in a day

Activity 5
PLOT YOUR FUTURE
Directions: You yourself have dreamt and continue dreaming to be successful. This
time, begin your future by identifying your present struggles, your dreams
and plans of achieving them. Copy the table and list down as many
answers as you can by plotting your list in the corresponding column. Do
this in your activity notebook.

This is me…

What I am now… My dreams… What Can I do to

(Struggles) achieve my dreams..

4
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 EXPLORE
E
Activity 6
SCRIBBLE SOME SUBCONSCIOUS THINKING
Directions: Ponder on the following situations in your life. What are you thinking
subconsciously (without being consciously aware) about each of them?
Now, draw your own bubble and write your answer inside it for each of the
following questions.

1. What advice can you tell yourself now?

2. What advice will you be giving yourself 20 years from now?

What can you say about the last three activities? How did you feel
when you recall those experiences? Did it help you visualize your ideas?
Yes, I agree with you! The graphic organizers you used have helped
you visualize and provided you with a structure for abstract ideas.

5
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Activity 7
RECALL AND VISUALIZE
Directions: Let us see if you can still recall some of these textual aids. Identify what
textual aids are presented. Write your answer in your notebook.

1. ______________________

2. ________________________

3. ________________________

4. ________________________

5. ________________________

Well, it seems that you are still familiar with

some of these textual aids presented?
Some call them graphic organizers but we will
find out soon how they differ. Let us keep going.
\

6
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 KEEP THIS IN MIND

Textual aids are educational instrument, tools or materials that provide support
and facilitate understanding of texts. These aids are most of the time, graphical
outlines or images that gives general idea. Examples are graphic organizers, adding
chart, graphs, diagrams, maps, table, words highlighted, bolded and idealized and
many more.1

What is the purpose of textual aids?

Vacca and Vacca (1993) believe that the use of graphic aids in text will provide
students with the opportunity to decide what parts of the text are important, and how
ideas and concepts in the text are related.
It will also help you understand and comprehend any story, subject or topic. It
helps you clearly visualize how ideas are organized within a text or surrounding a
concept. Furthermore, it provides you with a structure for abstract ideas.

Examples of Textual Aids:

Cause & Effect Diagram - emphasizes the connection

between the different concepts. This is called the most beneficial
organizer. Since it can be applied to all subject areas.

1. Flow Diagram – is sequence

chart that shows series of events
in order. If you have a concept
that has steps or has certain order
or sequence then it can be
showed this kind of textual aid
organizer.

1
Ciccone Tucker, “Graphic Aids....present,” SlideShare, November 29, 2011, https://www.slideshare.net/GhettoClass/graphic-
aidspresent.

7
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 2. Venn Diagram – is used to identify,
classify, categorize and recognize
similarities and differences of two or
more subjects, ideas, thoughts, and / or
concepts. This is actually the most
commonly used textual aid. This is an
instructional tool that can be found in
hand-outs, textbooks, and even on
standardized examinations.

3. Graphic Organizers - are visual displays of key

content information designed to benefit learners who
have difficulty organizing information (Fisher &
Schumaker, 1995. This kind of textual aids are usually
created and designed for those who have trouble
organizing information and thoughts. These are meant
to help those students to visualize ideas that are
organized.

4. Concept Maps – are general organizer or textual aids

that can show the central thought with its matching characteristics. These are
helpful and excellent for
brainstorming, refreshing stock
knowledge, and / or generating
alternative expressions. This kind
of maps can also be used to show
or rank the hierarchical
relationships as the most
significant concept or concepts
should be placed at the top.

8
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 SUM UP

To recap, I want you to remember the following:

Textual aids are educational instrument, tools or materials
that provide support and facilitate understanding of texts. Examples
of textual aids are Concept map, Graphic organizer, Venn Diagram,
Flow Chart and Cause and effect.
Cause & Effect Diagram emphasizes the connection between
the different concepts.
Flow Diagram is sequence chart that shows series of events
in order
Venn Diagram is used to identify, classify, categorize and
recognize similarities and differences of two or more subjects
Graphic Organizers are visual displays of key content
information
Concept Maps are general organizer or textual aids that can
show the central thought with its matching characteristics
See now the difference? Do the next activity to check what
you have learned.
.

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Activity 8
READ TO LEARN
Directions: Read the following text and do the succeeding activities.
An Old Man Lived in the Village

An old man lived in the village. He was one of the most unfortunate people in
the world. The whole village was tired of him; he was always gloomy, he constantly
complained and was always in a bad mood.2

2
Dan Western, “The 10 Best Short Moral Stories With Valuable Lessons,” Wealthy Gorilla, January 4, 2020,
https://wealthygorilla.com/best-short-moral-stories/.

9
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 The longer he lived, the more bile he was becoming and the more poisonous
were his words. People avoided him, because his misfortune became contagious. It
was even unnatural and insulting to be happy next to him.

He created the feeling of unhappiness in others.

But one day, when he turned eighty years old, an incredible thing happened.
Instantly everyone started hearing the rumour:

An Old Man is happy today, he doesn’t complain about

anything, smiles, and even his face is freshened up.”

The whole village gathered together. The old man was asked:

Villager: What happened to you?

“Nothing special. Eighty years I’ve been chasing happiness,

and it was useless. And then I decided to live without
happiness and just enjoy life. That’s why I’m happy now.”
– An Old Man

Activity 9
QUESTION MAP
Directions: Let us find out how well you have understood what you read. Try the
question map to answer the basic WHs and H of the story, An Old
Man Lived in the Village.” Make your own question map in your
activity notebook.

10
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Activity 10
RETELL, REWRITE AND DRAW
Directions: Retell, rewrite and draw the story, An Old Man Lived in the Village,
using a mountain map. Do this on a one-whole sheet of paper. Write
your name, grade and section. Submit your work alongside your
activity notebook for checking. Refer to the rubrics for the rating.

Needs
Criteria Improvement Fair Good Excellent
1 2 3 4
I used my own words to
re-tell/re-write the story
My retelling includes the
whole plot of the story
Thoughts are organized

Total Score: ___________

How do you find the story? Were you able to

answer the question, remember what happened and retell
the story easily?
I agree with you! With the help of the textual aids,
memorizing, remembering and learning important words
are easy and quick.
I hope you have learned a lot from the activities
given to you. Textual aids such as concept map, graphic
organizers, diagrams and many more will facilitate your
understanding of text as you read.
It is time that you reflect on your learning.
.

REFLECT
REFLECT
Activity 11
MY TAKEAWAY
Directions: Supply the blank with your takeaway from the lesson. Do this in your
activity notebook.
The discussion is about ___________________________. It helps
me in _____________________________________________________.

11
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Now that you have hurdled the activities that have
enriched your understanding on the use of textual aids, the
following will increase your strength in the skills you are
learning. Are you ready?

Activity 12
CONCEPT NOTING
Directions: Read carefully the succeeding text. Let the chart below be your guide
in reading the text.

Choose one specific task to work on.

Task 1: Create a timeline of imaginary events in the story of the twins.

Task 2: Create a Venn diagram that compares the characteristics of the twin.

Task 3: Create a diagram that shows how differently they perceived their
situation and things you think they have done differently that lead them
to having a different life.

Task 4: Using the multiple meaning map, think and list down the things each of
the twins have done that made them end up differently.

12
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Two twin boys were raised by an alcoholic father.

One grew up to be an alcoholic and when asked what happened he said, “I

watched my father”. The other grew up and never drank in his life. When he was asked
what happened he said, “I watched my father”. Two boys, same dad, two different
perspectives. Your perspective in life will determine your destination.

___ Kirk Franklin

Activity 13
CONCEPT DEFINITION MAPPING
Directions: Read and search online any of the topics listed below. Use one
appropriate textual aid you can use as you read the article. Choose
only one to work on.
• COVID-19 photography
• discrimination hobby
• cyber bullying farming
• mental health schooling
• basketball love

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Activity 14
POST TEST
Directions: There are three types of test given below. Write the date on top of your
notebook. Please answer accordingly. Do this in your activity notebook.
Test I. IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Write the textual aid hinted by each of the line.
_________________1. A sequence chart that shows series of events in order
_________________2. Show the central thought with its matching characteristics
_________________3. Visual displays of key content information
_________________4. Emphasizes the connection between the different concepts
_________________5. Used to identify, classify, categorize and recognize similarities
and differences of two or more subjects, ideas, thoughts, and/
or concepts.

13
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Test II. READING
Directions: Use and present one appropriate textual aid as you read the article.

How to Achieve Success

(https://www.thewisdompost.com/essay/essay-on-success/3247)

Success’ is a very powerful word. Many of us run behind it; most of us want to
conquer it. So, what is success all about? Does this mean acquiring money or fame?
Success means different things to different people.
The Oxford dictionary defines success as “The accomplishment of an aim
or purpose”.
This is the definition of success in theory, but in reality it differs according to
people’s interests and goals.

It is very important for every individual to define their own concept of success
rather than following someone else’s footsteps. We must analyze what makes us
happy, what gives us contentment, and what motivates us. No one can list out
our needs better than us.
True success means understanding our dreams and working joyfully to make
those dreams come true.

How to Achieve Success

Many suggested various steps or ways to achieve success. But the real
secret ingredient to nail success is to believe that we are already successful. With
this strong affirmative thought, success can be easily achieved if we follow these
three success factors:
We should follow our passion because that is where our heart and soul is.
When we follow our passion there is no need for us to put any extra effort.
The path to success is always challenging. We should build confidence to
face any challenging situations.
The third and most important success factor is discipline. When we work in a
disciplined manner, things will automatically fall in place.
If we stick to these three factors, nothing can stop us from tasting success.
Success is a journey which continues even after the goal is achieved.3

3
Team The WisdomPost & Sophia, “Essay on Success: Top 8 Essays on Success,” The Wisdom Post, January 19, 2019,
https://www.thewisdompost.com/essay/essay-on-success/3247.
14
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 Test III. Staircase
Directions: Using the organizer below, create a personal goal for the next four years.

GLOSSARY

brainstorming (n) is a group discussion to produce ideas or solve problems

nonfiction (n) writing that is about real events and facts

15
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 REFERENCES

Crossword Puzzle Maker: World Famous from The Teacher's Corner. Accessed from
https://worksheets.theteacherscorner.net/make-your-own/crossword/.
Essay on Success: Top 8 Essays on Success. The Wisdom Post. Last modified
January 19,2019. https://www.thewisdompost.com/essay/essay-on-
success/3247.
Ramones, Vanessa. 2018. Claims of Fact, Value and Policy. SlideShare. Last
modified June 15, 2018. https://www.slideshare.net/VanessaRamones/claims-
of-fact-value-and-policy.
Roberson, C. The Importance of Graphic Aids. Accessed from
http://www.ehow.com/about 6362198 importe-graphic-aids.html.
The Four Types of Conversations: Debate, Dialogue, Discourse, and Diatribe.
Medium. Last modified January 1, 2017.
https://medium.com/@DavidWAngel/the-four-types-of-conversations- debate-
dialogue-discourse-and-diatribe-898d19eccc0a.
Villamin, Raniel Livero. 2015.Textual Aids. Slideshare. Last modified June 9,2015.
https://www.slideshare.net/RanieLiveroVillamin/textual-aids.
Western, D. 2020. The 10 Best Short Moral Stories With Valuable Lessons. Wealthy
Gorilla. Last modified January 4, 2020. Accessed July 3, 2020.
https://wealthygorilla.com/best-short-moral-stories/.

16
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)
 ANSWER KEY

TRY THIS
Activity 1 – OPEN YOUR SCHEMA EXPLORE
1. b Activity 6 – SCRIBBLE SOME
2. c SUBCONSCIOUS THINKING
3. e Answers may vary
4. a
5. d Activity 7 – RECALL AND VISUALIZE
1. Flow diagram
Activity 2 – PLAY SOME RIDDLES 2. Venn diagram
1. Mouth 3. Graphic organizer
2. Ears 4. Concept map
3. Candle 5. Cause and effect
4. Guitar
5. Oil APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
Activities 8-13
Activity 3 – SOLVE THE MYSTERY Answers may vary
BOX
1. Sand box ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE
2. Downtown LEARNED
3. Mind over matter Activity 14. POST-TEST
4. 5 feet below the ground Test I
5. Reading between the lines 1. Flow Chart
2. concept map
DO THIS 3. Graphic organizer
Activity 4 – CHART IT LIKE A PIE 4. concept map
Answers may vary 5. Venn diagram
Activity 5 – PLOT YOUR FUTURE Test II
Answers may vary Answer may vary
Test III
Answer may vary

17
Grade 10- English
Competency: Determines the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustration, etc. on the
understanding of text (EN10RC-la-2.15.2)