CEP REPORT

Submitted By:
Abdul Aziz
Registration No. :
UW-18-ME-BSC-030
Submitted To:
Mr Waqas Javed
Course:
Fluid Mechanics

Mechanical Engineering Department

Wah Engineering College
Reynolds Number
 Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity used to predict fluid flow
behavior and plays an important role in the observation of fluid in
motion. The flow characteristics (Laminar and turbulent) are indicated by
Reynolds number. The Formula for calculation of Reynolds number for
any fluid flow is as follows:

Equation:
 The Reynolds number is defined

 Re=PVD/μ

 Reynolds Number Dynamic Viscosity of fluid=

 Where : p is the density of the fluid (SI units: kg/m³)

 u is the flow speed (m/s)

 L is a characteristic linear dimension (m)

 µ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid (Pa's or N.s/m² or kg/(m's))

 v is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid (m²/s).

Significance of Reynolds Number to Fluid flow:

 The Origin of the Reynolds number was to predict the nature of the fluid
flow. The value obtained by calculating the fluid flow parameter
indicates its behavior. To understand the significance of the Reynolds
number, we need to understand external and internal flow.

 External Flow: When the Fluid flow is not Bounded by the Solid, It is

called External Flow. The Example Includes Flow over a vehicle, Flow
over a Building, Etc.
 Internal Flow: When the fluid flow is bound by the solid, it is called
internal flow. The example includes flow inside a pipe, flow inside the
car’s battery, etc
  Laminar flow occurs at low Reynolds numbers, where viscous forces are
dominant, and is characterized by smooth, constant fluid motion.

 Turbulent flow occurs at high Reynolds numbers and is dominated by inertial

forces, which tend to produce chaotic eddies, vortices and other flow
instabilities.

Behaviour of flow:
 If the Reynolds number is less than 2000, the flow is considered to be laminar.
This is also known as viscous flow.

 If it is greater than 3500, the flow is turbulent.

 Re=2000 (Laminar)

 Re<4000(Turbulent)

Application 
 Reynolds number is used to predict flow and develop numerical
strategies or experimental strategies to observe the flow’s behavior. We
take the velocity, Pressure, and Dimension of fluid flow as Input. We
then Calculate the Reynolds number to develop the strategies for solving
the problem. A slight mistake in developing the strategies will take us
away from the true solution.
 For Example, Consider the flow over a vehicle at a given velocity. The
Reynolds number will determine whether we will consider the Eddies of
flow (for turbulent) or not. If we don’t Predict it correctly, we will get the
wrong result, and the vehicle will not run properly (demand a lot of Fuel
requirement).  Hence, Reynolds number is accepted as a Substantial pre-
requisite for all fluid flow analysis.