3. What are on state conduction losses? How is it low in IGBT?

Conduction losses are the losses that happen while the IGBT or freewheeling
diode is on and conducts current. The total power dissipation during conduction is calculated
by dividing the on-state voltage by the on-state current. The IGBT and freewheeling diode's
conduction losses are a function of the current flowing through the collector or anode and the
saturation voltage (also known as the "on state voltage") throughout the conducting period. In
contrast, switching losses depend on the switching frequency and are caused by energy loss
during the on/off transition. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) of capacitors and the on-
state resistance (Ron, MOS) of semiconductors have a significant impact on conduction losses
(PConducting). The three-phase AC current in a typically star-connection three-phase
converter system will not be affected by adding a common mode offset to the converter's
voltage references, but the conduction loss among the power devices will be distributed
differently. In some unique situations, this capability can be used to reduce the heat stress on
the power unit. Depending on the quantity of ON switches, it is possible to produce the
equivalent resistance of a converter at each state. The motor driving current's commutation
angle and PWM duty cycle determine how much on-state current flows through an IGBT
switch. The integral of Vce(SAT) X IC over one commutation cycle (in Joules) multiplied by
the number of commutation cycles per second yields the IGBT conduction loss in Watts.
Combining switching loss and conduction loss results in the overall IGBT power loss.

References:
 https://www.dynexsemi.com/Portals/0/assets/downloads/DNX_AN6156.pdf
 https://www.slideshare.net/zeeshangla/introduction-to-igbt-its-losses