8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4
Rational Algebraic Expressions
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Rational Algebraic Expressions

First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)
included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Angelito Mara Bulala, MAED-MATH

Ethel Bernadas Canda, MAT-MATH

Editors: Julius Jotojot Igot, EdD

Kenneth Regene Barbarona Blasco, MAEM

Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

Faustino N. Toradio, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Felix C. Galacio Jr. PhD

EPS, Mathematics

Josephine D. Eronico PhD

EPS, LRMDS

Printed in the Philippines by Schools Division of Bohol

Department of Education – Region VII, Central Visayas

Office Address: 0050 Lino Chatto Drive Barangay Cogon, Tagbilaran City,
Bohol
Telefax: (038) 501 – 7550
Tel Nos. (038) 412 – 4938; (038) 411-2544; (038) 501 – 7550
Learning Competencies:
1. Performs operations on rational algebraic expressions. M8AL-Ic-d-1
2. Solves problems involving rational algebraic expressions. M8AL-Id-2

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 find the product of rational algebraic expressions;
 find the quotient of rational algebraic expressions and
 solve problems involving rational algebraic expressions.

LESSON 1: Multiplying Rational Algebraic Expressions

What is it
If a, b, c, and d are polynomials, and b ≠ 0 and d ≠ 0, then
a c a⦁c
⦁ = =¿
b d b⦁d
The following steps are used in multiplying rational algebraic expression:
Step 1. Factor the terms of the fraction completely, if possible.
Step 2. Cancel out the common factors within the fraction itself or with the numerator
of one fraction to the denominator of the other fraction.
Step 3. Multiply straight across-multiply the numerators and the denominators of the
fractions.
Example:

What’s More
Find the product of the following:

10u v 2 6 x 2 y 2 a2−b2 a2
1. 2
⦁ 2 2 2. ⦁
3x y 5u v 2ab a−b

LESSON 2: Dividing Rational Algebraic Expressions

What is it
If a, b, c, and d are polynomials, then
a c a d a⦁d
÷ = ⦁ = =¿
b d b c b⦁c

The following steps are used in dividing rational algebraic expression:

Step 1. Take the reciprocal of the divisor and proceed as in multiplication.
Step 2. Factor the terms of the fraction completely, if possible.
Step 3. Cancel out the common factors within the fraction itself or with the numerator
of one fraction to the denominator of the other fraction.
Step 4. Multiply straight across-multiply the numerators and the denominators of the
fractions.
 y −5 2 y −10
÷
Example: Find the quotient of 8 4 .

What’s More
Find the quotient of the following rational algebraic expressions.
81 x z3 27 x 2 z 2 x−1 1−x
1. ÷ 2. ÷ 2
36 y 12 xy x+ 1 x +2 x +1

LESSON 3: Solving Problems Involving Rational Algebraic Expressions

What is it
Rational algebraic expressions can also be used to solve day-to-day problems. We know
that the most fundamental procedure in solving a word problem is to determine exactly
what we are looking for, and then represent the unknown data using variables.
Example: Solve the given problem.
A larger pipe can empty a pool in 6 hours and a smaller pipe can empty the same pool in 9 hours.
How long will it take both pipes to empty the pool?
 What’s More
Solve the given problem.
Two pipes are used to fill a swimming pool. The larger pipe could fill the
pool in 12 hours and the smaller pipe in 16 hours. How long would it take to fill
the pool if both pipes were used?

Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the answer sheet provided. Write the solution in a separate
sheet.
1 1
1. What is the simplest form of ÷ 2?
x x
1 1 1
a. 2 b. c. x + 2 d. x
x x x

3x ( x−1)2
2. Find the product of and ?
x−1 5x
2

6 3 3(x−1) 3x
a. b. - c. d.
x 5 5x 5( x−1)
2 2
10 a 6 ab
3. Find the quotient of 2 and .
15 b 7
4a 4a
3
7a 7a
a. b. c. d. 4
7 7 9 9b

4. What is
4 p2 +12 p
2
p −16
. p−4
2p ?
2 p+6
a. 2 b. (1 + 3p)(p + 21) c. 2 + 3p d.
p+ 4
(x +7) ( x−3)
5. From what expression should be divided to get a quotient of ?
( x−2) ( x−4)
2 2 2 2
x + 4 x−21 x + 4 x+ 21 x −10 x −2
a. 2 b. 2 c. 2 d. 2
x −6 x+ 8 x −6 x+8 x −2 x +7
6. Angel can landscape the school’s front yard in 12 hours. Lito can landscape the same yard in 18 hours.
How long will it take them together to landscape the yard?
1 1 2 5
a. 7 hours b. 5 hours c. 2 hours d. 1 hours
5 7 5 7
7. At a certain water treatment plant, one pipe can fill a water tank in 3 hours and another pipe can empty
it in 5 hours. Which is the correct equation of the problem?
1 1 1 1 t t
a. =t - b. - = t c. - =1 d. . none of these
3 5 5 3 3 5
2
x −9 3−x
8. What is 2 ÷ x+ 2 ?
x +5 x +6

a. - 1 b. 1 c. both a and b d. neither a nor b

2
x −81
9. What should be multiplied to 2 to get a product of 1?
x +18 x+ 81
2
x2 +18 x−81 x −81 x−9 x+ 9
a. b. c. d.
2
x +81 ( x +9)
2
x+ 9 x−9
 10. Angelito can do a job in 3 hours and Arlene needs 5 hours. How long will it take if they work
together?
1 1 7 1
a. 7 b. 8 c. 1 d. 1
8 7 8 7
References
2013. Mathematics-Grade 8 learner's Module. Pasig City: DepEd-I

ARNOLD V. RANCES, CRISELLE ESPANOLA-ROBES. 2019. SIMPLIFIED MATHEMATICS FOR GRADE 8. MANILA: ST. AUGUSTINE
PUBLICATIONS INC.

Answer Sheet_MATH 8

Name: __________________________________________________________
Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 1 - Module 4
Lesson 1
What’s More
Assessment
1. 1.
2.
2. 3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Lesson 2
What’s More
1.

2.

Lesson 3
1.

Performance Task

There are sets of rational algebraic expressions in the following table. Check AGREE if column I is
the same as column II and check DISAGREE if the columns are not the same. Provide explanation at the
DISCUSSION column.

I II AGREE DISAGREE DISCUSSION

2 x - y
x −xy
2
x −y
2 . xx−xy
+y
2

6 y−30 2y
2 ÷ y+ 1
y + 2 y +1
3 y−15
2
y +y
5 7 15+14 x
2 + 2
4x 6x 12 x
a b a+b
-
b−a a−b b−a

The rubric below is used in giving the points.

CRITERIA OUTSTANDING SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING RATING

10 8 6 4

Mathematica Explanation Explanation shows Explanation Explanation

l reasoning shows thorough substantial shows gaps in shows
reasoning and reasoning. reasoning. illogical
insightful reasoning.
justification.