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PDF Transferencia de Calor Capitulo 4 2011 Copia - Compress
PDF Transferencia de Calor Capitulo 4 2011 Copia - Compress
∂T k ∂
∂
T ∂T = − +
∂ k ∂ k
ρ c
∂T
=
∂ x
+ ∂ y
+
∂ z
+ e& gen
∂t ∂ x ∂ y ∂ z .
T s t
∫ (T cdT ∞
= hA
− T ) m ∫
dt
T
dT hAs
∫ (T
T i 0
c = t
T i ∞ − T ) ρ V
c T
∫ (T − T )
=
m
s
t
(T ∞ − T ) hA s
= − ρ Vc t
T i ∞
ln
(T
∞ i − T )
ln (T ∞ − T ) = − hA s t
(T ∞ − T i ) ρ Vc (T − T ∞ ) hA
ln = − s t
hA s
(T i − T ∞ ) ρ Vc
(T − T ∞ ) − ρ Vc t
=e (T − T ∞ ) − ρ Vc t
hA s hA s
− t
(T i − T ∞ ) =e T (t ) = T ∞ + (T i − T ∞ )e
ρ Vc
(T i − T ∞ )
420 5 , 420 5 ,
5
4 5 6 , 5
4 5 6 ,
0 (=429 /, ρ=10500 /3, =0.235 / 0 (=429 /, ρ=10500 /3, =0.235 /
) . A 33
) . A 33
12 / 2 12 / 2
. : ) , ) . : ) , )
25 ? 25 ?
h h
b= b=
ρ Lc ,cuboc ρ Lc, prismac
2
−o
c , cubo c , esfera
L = L b prisma = 3 12 W m − 4 C
( )(
10500 kg m 8.11 x10 m 235 kJ kg − C
o
)
= besfera
bcubo
10 −4 s −1 > besfera
b prisma = 6 x
t cubo = t esfera
= 3070 s 1 (25 o C − 30 o C )
t prisma = − ln t prisma = 2987 s
6 x10 − s − (0 C − 30 C )
4 1 o o
•
.
. • .
•
•
. •
.
.
• .
.
•
.
.
∂T ∂T ∂T
∂ k ∂ k ∂ k
∂T ∂ x ∂ ∂ z
= +
y
ρ c + + e& gen = L
Q& conduccin ( x , t ) = Q& convecci
n
∂t ∂ x ∂ ∂ z
∂T
ρ c ∂T ∂ 2T − kA ( x = L, t ) = hA[T ( x = L, t ) − T ∞ ]
= 2 ∂ x
k ∂t ∂ x
− k ∂T ( x = L, t ) = h[T ( x = L, t ) − T ∞ ]
∂ x
∂T
Q& conduccion ( x = 0 , t ) = 0 ( x = 0, t ) = 0
∂ x
1 ∂T ∂ 2T
=
α ∂t ∂ x 2
∂θ ∂ T ( x, t ) − T ∞ ∂T ∂θ
= = (T i − T ∞ )
∂t ∂t T i − T ∞ ∂ x ∂ x
∂T ∂θ
= (T i − T ∞ ) 1 ∂T ∂ T
2
(T i − T ∞ ) ∂θ ∂ 2θ
∂t ∂t = = (T i − T ∞ )
α ∂t ∂ 2
α ∂t ∂ 2
∂θ ∂ T ( x, t ) − T ∞ 1 ∂θ ∂ θ
2
=
∂ x ∂ x T i − T ∞ =
α ∂t ∂ x 2
t α
α
τ =
L2 ∂T ( X = 1,τ ) hL
− = θ ( X = 1,τ )
(
)
( (
1 ∂G (τ ) 1 ∂ F ( X ) 2
2
2 2
= = −λ G (τ ) = e −τλ
+ C
= eC e −τλ
G (τ ) ∂τ F ( X ) ∂ X 2
= −λ = −λ
G (τ ) ∂τ F ( X ) ∂ X
2
( (
) )
θ ( X ,τ ) =
F ( X )G (τ ) ∂θ −τλ 2
2
θ ( X ,τ ) = e −τλ [ A cos
(λ X ) + B sin (λ X )] ∂θ
( X = 1,τ ) = Bi θ ( X = 1,τ )
∂ X
( (
) )
∂θ 2 ∞
( X = 1,τ ) = − Ae −τλ λ sin (λ )
∂ X θ ( X ,τ ) =
∑ A e
n =1
n
−τλ 2n
(λ n X )
cos
2
θ ( X = 1,τ ) = Ae −τλ cos(λ ) 4 sin (λ n )
An =
2λ n + sin (2λ n )
−τλ 2 −τλ 2
Ae λ sin (λ ) = Bi
Ae
cos(λ )
(λ n ) = Bi
λ n tan
λ tan (λ ) = Bi (λ n ) = Bi
λ n tan n =1→ ∞
()
2
2
J 1 (λ 1 )
λ 1 = Bi
J (λ )
0 1
− τλ sin (λ 1r r o )
2 1 λ
λ1
θ ( X ,τ ) = A1e
1
λ 1r r o
(λ
1 − λ 1 cot 1) =
Bi
()
()
()
transferid o = ρ c , t − i
vol
Q = ρ c [T ( x , t ) − T ]dV
transferid o
∫
i
vol
∫ ρ c [T
( x, t ) − T i ]dV Qtransferid o (t ) 1 [T ( x, t ) − T ∞ ] [T i − T ∞ ]
V ∫
Qtransferid o (t )
p
= − dV
= V
Qmax V
[T ∞ − T i ] [T ∞ − T i ]
Qmax ρ c pV [T ∞ − T i ]
max i
Q [ − T ]
V T ∞
()
()
•
.
.
• .
•
.
•
.
• .
• .
.
2
1 ∂T = ∂ T
α ∂t ∂ x 2
∂T
h[T ∞ − T ( x = 0, t ) ] = −k
( x = 0, t )
∂ x
T ( x = 0 , t ) = T s
T ( x, t = 0 ) = T i
1 ∂T ∂ T
2
=
α ∂t ∂ x 2 = ∞
x
η = T (η → ∞ ) = T i
2 α t
2
dw
d 2T dT = −2η d
dη
2
+ 2η =0 w
d η d η
w = e − + = e e −η
C
d 2T
0 0
dw
=
d η d η 2
C 1 = e
C 0
dw dw dT 2
+ 2 η w
=0 = −2η dd η
w= = C 1e −η
d η w d η
0
2 2
x
η =
2 α t
0
∞
Qcond ( x = 0, t ) ∂T ∂T ∂η
= −k ( x = 0, t ) = −k (η = 0) .
=
s , A s , B
k A T i , A − T k B T i , B − T s ρ
ρ
ρ
ρ
− s
=
πα At πα B t
α A
(T − T s ) k A2
i , A
= k
(T s )
i , B − T α B α =
ρ c p
k B2
(=168 /, =883 /, ρ=2790/3) . (=168 /, =883 /, ρ=2790/3) .
( ρ=994 /3, =4180 /, ( ρ=994 /3, =4180 /,
=0.612 /). 5 =0.612 /). 5
36 , 36 ,
. .
A ( A)
,A= 5 , =168 /, =883 /, ρ=2790/3
k ρ c p A
= 168 W m − K 2790 g
883 J kg − K = 20344 J m
m3 2
− K
,A= 36 , =0.612 /, =4180 /, ρ=994/3
(k ρ c ) = (0.612
p B
W
m − K )(994 kg m )( 4180 J kg − K ) = 1594 .6 J m − K
3 2
(k ρ c ) T + (k ρ c ) T
T s = 271.13 = −2.02o C
p A i , A p B i , B
T s = K
(k ρ c ) p A + (k ρ c )
p B