UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARTÍN

FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN Y HUMANIDADES

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE IDIOMAS

TRANSLATION STRATEGIES AND METHODS

Asignatura: Traducción de / al Inglés II

Docente: Lic. Mg. Carlo Espinoza Aguilar
Estudiante: Nubia Ayme Freyre Arévalo
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

1. Adaptation and loan

Adaptation is often useful for the translation of poetry, plays and

advertising.

Snowy in English
Bobbie in Dutch
Las aventuras de Tintín
Kuttus in Bengali
Struppi in German.
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

Adaptation

Examples: movie titles

The sound of Music: Sonrisas y lágrimas
City of angels: Un ángel enamorado
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

1. Adaptation and loan

Loan consists of using a word or expression from the original

text in the translated text

Scanner (from English)

Menu (from French)
Pizza (from Italian).
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

2. Expansion and reduction

Expansion consists of the amplification of the text for structural

reasons or when it is necessary to eliminate ambiguity produced

Filtering information quickly

Filtrar la información de forma rápida
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

2. Expansion and reduction

Reduction is the opposite of expansion.

He was beaten to death

Fue golpeado hasta caer muerto

STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

3. Compensation and Calque

Compensation is often used by translators in the case of not finding a suitable match.

It's bucketing down: ¡De pronto empezó a llover a cántaros!

Lexical calque is a translation procedure that consists of the creation of

neologisms following the structure of the source language.

Science-fiction
Ciencia ficción
STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

4. Modulation

The translation of the message is carried out from a new

point of view

Original en inglés: It is not difficult to show.

Traducción literal en español: No es difícil de demostrar.

Traducción modulada en español: Es fácil de demostrar.

STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

5. Transposition and equivalence

Transposition the grammatical category is changed

without changing the meaning of the message.

Original en inglés: After he comes back.

Traducción literal en español: Después de que él regrese.

Traducción transpuesta en español: Después de su regreso.

STRATEGIES TRANSLATION

5. Transposition and equivalence

Equivalence the meaning of a word corresponds in one language as well as in

another, being equivalent words that have the same meaning.

It’s raining cats and dogs – Llueve a cántaros

METHODS TRANSLATION

1. Word for Word Translation

Its main use is to understand the mechanics of the source language or to

interpret a difficult text as a pre-translation process.

She is reading: ella está leyendo.

Ana memorized the text: Ana memorizo el texto.

Language is not always translated word-for-word

Example: Me puse triste

Word for word translation: me put sad
I became sad
METHODS TRANSLATION

2. Faithful translation

This method tries to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the

original within the constraint of the TL grammatical structures.

Stop, I have a gun: detente, dispararé

Let's do it: hagámoslo
METHODS TRANSLATION

3. Semantic translation:

Focuses on providing the meaning of the original text

Social media: Redes Sociales

Cyber Monday: Ciberlunes

4. Communicative translation:

It’s often used for informative text

No entry: Prohibido el paso

No smoking: Prohibido Fumar
METHODS TRANSLATION

5. Idiomatic translation:

Idiomatic translation refers to achieving a target text that

sounds natural in the target language.

You are bananas: Estas loco

I feel sick as a dog: Me siento fatal
METHODS TRANSLATION

6. Free translation:

This method of translation produces the translated text without the

style, form or content of the original text.

Like father, like son: De tal palo, tal astilla

I do not know what you mean: no sé a que te refieres
 CONCLUSION

Learning about the different methods of translation is

quite important if you are thinking in considering to
become a translator. As a translator, you’ll spend your
days using your language skills to help people understand
documents, and as an interpreter you will also be helpful
carrying on conversations.
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