ESCUELA NACIONAL DE

MARINA MERCANTE
“MIGUEL GRAU”

GENERAL CARGO SHIP

COURSE: ENGLISH
TEACHER:
GUTIERREZ RIVERA JEANET

Project:
Submission 3
FULL NAME:
 Vargas z. Paul
 Garcia e. Johan
PERSONAL SAFETY:
Deals with the contribution of
management towards safety
and is for staff whose
responsibilities include a
supervisory role or operational
safety or the specific
management of safety on
board ship. It also aims to
avoiding possible harmful
situations or persons in their
environment.

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

OBJECTIVE
Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective clothing,
helmets, gloves, face shields, goggles, facemasks and/or
respirators or other equipment designed to protect the wearer
from injury or the spread of infection or illness.
WHY DO ACCIDENTS HAPPEN?

Most accidents and incidents at sea are caused,

either directly or indirectly, by human error.
They might be a result of an unsafe act by an
individual, unsafe working conditions (also
ultimately attributable to human error) or a
combination of the two.

Why do we commit so many unsafe acts?

1) Failure to follow the correct procedures

2) Inadequate training
3) Complacency
4) Lack of motivation
5) Stress
6) Fatigue
7) Poor communication between
officers and crew, or between
members of a team
8) An on board culture which has
a negative attitude to safety
 SOLUTIONS AND TOOLS:
Ships have a range of protective mechanisms in place:

Procedural Physical
Checklists, maintenance, manuals Lifeboats
Training, drills, audits Fire extinguishers, lifebuoys
The ship’s Safety Management Personal protective equipment (ppe)
System (SMS)

WHAT PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) SHOULD I USE?

PPE is extremely important, but as the last line of defences. Your first line of defence should
always be following proper procedures. Depending on the type of cargo your ship carries, there
may be a wide range of protective equipment available on board, including:

• CHEMICAL SUITS
• PRESSURISED SUITS
• EYE PROTECTION
• RESPIRATORY PROTECTION (INCLUDING
FILTER MASKS)
• FOOT PROTECTION
• PERSONAL MONITORING DEVICES
• TOXICITY METERS
• DRAEGER TUBES (GAS DETECTORS)
• OXYGEN METERS
• EXPLOSIMETERS
 PPE

HARD HAT

 Safety hard hat is used to protect the head

from impacts.
 Safety hard hat is used in cargo spaces and
other designated areas.
 You must wear a helmet to protect your head
and avoid accidents.

Goggles

 Safety glasses are used for protecting your eyes

from flying particles.
 Safety glasses are used to protect your eyes
from flying particles.
 You have to wear safety glasses to protect your
eyes from flyne particle.

Ear Defenders

 Ear defenders are used to protect your lars from

noise
 Ear defenders are used for protecting your ears
from noise
 You must wear ear defenders to protect

Catching Systems

 Catching systems are used to protect you from

falls.
 Catching systems are used to hold on to very
high drops
 Safety gloves

 Safety gloves are used to protect your hands

from cuts or burns.
 Safety gloves are used for protecting your hands
from cuts or burns.
 You must wear safety gloves to protect your
hands from cuts or burns.

Safety Shoes

 Safety shoes are used to protect the feet from

heavy objects and loads.
 Safety shoes are used to protect the feet
 You must wear safety shoes for any accident or
shock.

Breathing apparatus
 Breathing apparatus is used to protect you from
smoke and gases.
 You must wear respiratory protection to
protect your nose.

Protective chothing

 Protective chothing is used to protect your body .

from flames and sparks.
 You must wear body protection to protect from
toxic chemicals.

VISIBILITY VEST

 The Visibility vest is used for night work.

 The Visibility vest is used to know your location.
 TYPES OF INCIDENTS
Man overboard: Man overboard is a situation in which a person has fallen from a boat or ship into the
water and needs rescue.

REASONS:

 Hit by shipbuilding
 Tripped over the ropes
 Slipped on the wet deck

OLI SPILL:

An oil spill is oil, discharged accidentally or intentionally, that floats on the surface of water bodies as a
discrete mass and is carried by the wind, currents and tide:

Reason

 Broken pipe
 Bad maneuver

GROUNDING: A grounded vessel is a vessel that has hit bottom and can no longer move forward

Reason

 Human error
 Inadequate information about the port
 Maneuvering inattention and improper navigational operations

FIRE : An accident on board that results in abandonment of the vessel, shipwreck or death.

 Broken pipes
 Leaking high pressure piping
 fuel or oil puddles
COLLISION: Ship collision is the structural impact between two ships or one ship and a floating or still object
such as an iceberg. Ship collisions are of particular importance in marine accidents.

Reason:

 Weather: Bad weather conditions such as fog, high winds, ice flows, and storms at sea.
 Human errors: carelessness by crew members or confusion about maritime traffic schemes.

ACCIDENT IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE: The hazards associated confined spaces in A toxic atmosphere may
cause various acute effects, including impairment of judgement, unconsciousness and death.

 Lack of attention
 Do not report
 THE MAJOR HAZARDS ONBOARD
Fire
Fire is one of the greatest hazards onboard a ship.
Risks with this hazard are reduced by:
 Should Ship design restricting the opportunity for
fire outbreak
 Should Ship design to restrict the spread of an
outbreak
 Should providing proper equipment to detect an
outbreak
 Should providing proper equipment to fight fire

Flooding
To protect from catastrophic flooding the structural
integrity of a vessel is critical. This is especially true in
the case of heavy weather or in the event of an accident.
To prevent flooding on ship the following precautions are
taken:
 You Should provide watertight doors and
hatch covers.
 You Should provide flood detection systems.
 You should Provide emergency pumping
systems.

Pollution
To protect the environment from pollution all ships are
required to abide by international rules and regulations.
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution
at Sea (MARPOL) have a main purpose is to guide the crew in
dealing with waste oil, toxic and general wasteTankers are
designed with double hulls to reduce the risk of tank rupture.
 Ships are required to carry a plan of action to deal
with environmental threats in an emergency.
 All ship's personnel should be provided with the
appropriate equipment and trained in its use.
 There should be garbage disposal procedures
 Actions to be taken into account for accident
prevention

First of all, it is necessary to consider technology

and its evolution; prevention must be adapted to
the peculiarities of the technological innovations
applied on ships. Another interesting aspect is the
substitution of what is really dangerous by what
involves little risk. In this way, all the variables of
prevention will be planned by integrating
technology, organization of tasks on board, working
conditions, social relations between shipboard
personnel, as well as the incidence of
environmental factors at work. The idea is to give
priority to collective prevention over individual
prevention.
 Safety equipment
Restricting damage Even the best of protective measures cannot prevent emergency
situations arising and threatening to damage life, property and the environment. For
dealing with such emergencies two pieces of equipment are vital to limit the risk or
damage:
1. Life Saving Equipment
2. Communication Equipment

Life Saving Equipment

Adequate and well-placed life-saving appliances are provided to prevent loss of life
onboard. The main lifesaving equipment includes

 Lifeboat
 Liferaft
 Lifejacket
 Lifebuoy
 Fire extinguisher
 Breathing Equipment
 Campana de humos Escape
 Localizador personal
 Pirotecnia
 Transpondedor de búsqueda y rescate
 Aislamiento térmico
 Botiquín de primeros auxilios
 Kit de reanimación
 SUBJECT BE VERB COMPLEMENT
You must wear respiratory protection to protect your nose.

You had to wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from flyne
particle.

You must wear safety gloves to protect your hands from cuts or
burns.

Man overboard was a situation in which a person has fallen from a boat or ship into
the water and needs rescue

Sea (MARPOL) had a main purpose is to guide the crew in dealing with waste
oil

Verbs and nouns

 CONCLUSION OF VARGAS AND GARCIA

The people aboard the vessel including the crew need to ensure their own
safety so as to properly be able to carry out a voyage. It is imperative to
take the proper measures in order to minimise the chances of an accident
occurring. But mishaps can occur at any time, regardless of all the
precautionary measures that have already been taken. Personnel on board
the vessel must be prepared for a worst-case scenario. The various safety
measures and equipment mentioned above can be highly useful during a
mishap.
https://www.aaittholdings.com/personal-protective-equipment/

https://www.facebook.com/RCRVietnam.facilitymanagement/photos/
a.111529413561088/483381896375836/?type=3

https://shipinsight.com/guide/personal-protective-equipment-ppe-used-onboard-
ships#:~:text=PPE%20embraces%20clothing%20as%20well,be%20found%20on%20board
%20ships.

https://www.ukconstructionmedia.co.uk/case-study/slt-personal-safety/