MSEW Paraweb Manual

INSTALLATION MANUAL
MSEW
VERTICAL CONCRETE WALL
MACCAFERRI MSEW
PARAWEB™ REINFORCEMENT
INSTALLATION MANUAL
MACSA MSEW_21-11-2011
Maccaferri reserves the right to amend product specifications without notice and specifiers are
requested to check as to the validity of the specifications they are using.
MSEW
VERTICAL CONCRETE WALL
CONTENTS
PREFACE.................................................................................................................................................................
1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………….. 3
2. IMPORTANT INFORMATION……………………………………………………………………………...………..…………………………………... 4
2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES ………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………. 4
2.2 CONSTRUCTION DESIGN………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………… 5
2.3 PARTS OF THE STRUCTURE……………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………... 5
2.4 SERVICES PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI SA.……………………………………….………………………………………………………. 6
2.5 MATERIALS PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI SA.……………...………………….………………….……………………………………... 6
3. ORGANISATION OF INSTALLATION SITE……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………… 7

3.1 PLANT AND MACHINERY NEEDED BY THE CONTACTOR………………………….……………..…………………………………. 7
3.1 EQUIPMENT NEEDED BY THE CONTACTOR ………...……………………………….…………….….…………………………….. 8
3.3 ESTIMATED PERSONNEL REQUIRED FOR INSTALLATION……………………….………………...……………………………….. 9
3.4 WORKS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE CONTRACTOR………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
3.5 INSTALLATION RATE………………………………………………...………………………………….….……………………………………….. 9
3.6 EMBANKMENT MATERIAL..…………………………………………………………………………….….…………………………………….. 9
4. CASTING OF MSEW PANELS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10

4.1 METHODOLOGY FOR CASTING OF PANELS……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
4.2 VERIFICATION OF MOULDS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
4.3 PREPARATION OF CASTING YARD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
4.4 PLACING OF REINFORCEMENT BAR…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
4.5 PLACING OF PANEL ACCESSORIES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
4.6 POURING OF CONCRETE AND ITS COMPACTION………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
4.7 CASTING OF CUT PANEL……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
4.8 MARKING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PANEL………………………………………………………………. 12
4.9 REMOVAL OF SIDE SHUTTERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
4.10 LIFTING AND STACKING OF R.C.C PANEL FOR CURING…………………………………………………………………………….. 13
4.11 CURING OF PANELS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
5.UNLOADING AND STORAGE OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS……..…………………………………....……………………………….. 14

5.1 PREFABRICATED CONCRETE PANELS……………………………………..…………………………………………………………………. 14
5.2 PARAWEBTM REINFORCEMENT AND ACCESSORIES…………………………………………………………………………………... 15
6. INSTALLATION ……………………………………………..……………………………………………………….…..……………………………….. 19
6.1 PROCEDURES FOR POSITIONING PANELS ……………………………..……………………….………………………………….. 19
6.2 INSTALLATION SEQUENCE………………………………………………………………………..….……...…………………………………... 21
6.3 INSTALLATION OPERATIONS…………………………………………………………………..….………..…………………………………... 21
OP 1) SITE PREPARATION…………………………………...…………………………………………..………………………………….. 21
OP 2) POURING BLINDING LAYER AND SETTING OUT OF ACING…………………………………………………………. 22
OP 3) POSITIONING AND STRUTTING OF THE FIRST ROW OF PANELS ……………...……………………………….. 22
OP 4) PLACING OF WEDGES AND CLAMPS………………………………………………………….……………………………… 23
OP 5) PLACING GEOTEXTILE INSIDE PANELS……………………………………………….…….………………………………... 24
OP 6) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE FIRST EMBANKMENT LAYER ……………………………………... 24
OP 7) POSITIONING AND CONNECTION OF THE FIRST LAYER OF REINFORCEMENTS .………………………... 25
OP 8) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE SECOND EMBANKMENT LAYER……….……………………….. 27
OP 9) POSITIONING OF THE BEARINGS AND THE SUBSEQUENT ROW OF PANELS ….………………………. 27
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OP 10) REPETITION OF OPERATIONS 4),5),6),7),8),9) AND 10) UNTIL THE TOP LEVEL ………………………….. 28
OF THE FACING REQUIRED IN THE DESIGN IS REACHED ……………………………….……….…………………. 28
OP 11) INSTALLATION OF ANY TOP SLABS, BARRIERS OR ANY OTHER SUPERSTRUCTURE
INCLUDED IN THE CONSTRUCTION DESIGN. ………………………………….…………………………………. 28
6.4 COMPLETION OF THE STRUCTURE…………………………….……………………………………………………………………. 28
7. CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONS………………………….………………………………………………………………………………… 29
8. REGISTERED TRADE-MARK……………………………….………………………………………………………………………….. 30
9. TYPE AND NAME OF THE PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS……….……………..…………………………………………… 31

A) MACRES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
B) FIRST LEVEL STD PANELS..…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
C) MACFORCE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
D)HEAD PANELS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
E) PANESL CUT VERTICALLY.…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
F) PANELS WITH SLOPING CUT………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
G) CORNER ELEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
H) COPING UNITS……….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
I) PLATES………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
3
PREFACE
Maccaferri SA supplies the prefabricated elements and accessories which, together with other materials, must be
used for construction of the MSEW system of reinforced soil structures described in detail in the Construction
Designs approved and accepted by the Contractor.
This manual represents a guide to the construction of structures using the MSEW System, and gives practical
guidance for the organisation and control of the related operations The Contractor’s personnel (site agent,
foreman in charge of the works, etc…) and the Engineer’s staff must be aware of the contents of the manual before
the delivery of the materials to site.
The instructions given in the manual are of a general nature, and do not, therefore, exempt the Contractor from
the obligations and responsibilities for the definition and correct execution of all the specific operations required
for implementation of the project (construction sequence, loading and unloading procedures, safety plans, etc).
The details given in this manual do not exempt the Contractor from compliance with the Construction Designs,
Technical Specifications, Conditions of Contract and safety requirements related to the site.
When the structure to be installed has some special details, these will be defined in the Construction design
drawings. In the case of ambiguities or discrepancies between the Construction Design documents and this
manual, the former documents will take priority. Any problem which arises during installation will be resolved by
Maccaferri’s technical personnel and, when provided, by the installation supervisors specifically appointed for the
works.
Maccaferri SA will send a technician to site at the start of construction to assist the Contractor in setting up the
correct execution procedures.
The design of the structures carried out by Maccaferri only includes the checking of the stability outside and inside
the MSEW reinforced structure based on the data (e.g. loads, over-loads, characterisation of soils and interaction
with other works) provided by the Contractor and the Designers of the other works.
The designs of the MSEW system do not include a check of the stability outside the walls with regard to soils
beneath or behind the works nor the control of potential slide surfaces outside the structures. The MSEW solution
only guarantees internal stability, checked on the basis of the accuracy and completeness of the data provided by
the Contractor and used to prepare the designs.
1. INTRODUCTION
The MSEW system of reinforced soil is a composite structure obtained from the interaction between a soil with
friction properties and strips of reinforcement material with a high tensile strength. The tensile forces are
transferred to the reinforcement by means of friction. Conceptually, it is similar to reinforced concrete: the MSEW
system is therefore a cost-effective means of improving the poor mechanical properties of soil by reinforcing it
with another material. The strength obtained in this way is directly proportional to the quantity of reinforcement
installed. It is therefore possible to “design” the strength of the material practically without limits.
4
A typical structure is shown in Fig. 1. It consists mainly of the reinforced body; the prefabricated panels of the
facing serve to protect the structure from erosion and to give the structure an attractive appearance.
Fig. 1
PREFABRICATED /CASTE
ONSITE CONCRETE
FACING PANELS
NORMAL EMBANKMENT
REINFORCED BODY (GRANULAR EMBANK-

MENT MATERIAL + REINFORCEMENTS)
ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT, IN ACCORDANCE

WITH MSEW SPECIFICATIONS
2. IMPORTANT INFORMATION
RESPONSIBILITIES
The Contractor is responsible for completion of the works in strict compliance with the Construction Design
documents, the Technical Specifications and the Contract Documents. In order to assist the Contractor, Maccaferri
SA provides the recommendations contained in this manual, but they in no way relieve the Contractor of the
responsibility to comply with all the current safety regulations and procedures.
The Contractor and the Client must check that the site personnel appointed for performance of the works are in
possession of a copy of this Manual and are aware of its contents.
A Technical Representative of Maccaferri SA will be present on site during the initial phases of the works, and
during subsequent phases if requested. The Technical Representative will assist the Contractor in planning the
deliveries and will provide advice on the installation procedures recommended for the MSEW structures as
described in this Manual.
5
Maccaferri Technical Personnel will not be present on site for the entire duration of the works, and must not be
considered to replace the supervision and quality control staff appointed by the Contractor and the Client.
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
Before starting any operations on site, the Contractor must ensure that the latest version of the related
Construction Design, duly approved For Construction, is used for construction of the structure.
The Contractor must also carry out topographical survey checks to ensure that the structure is constructed in the
required position.
PARTS OF THE STRUCTURE

Structural embankment – A structural embankment material which complies with the technical specifications for
the Construction Design must be used for construction of the reinforced soil block.
Lean concrete blinding layer – cast in-situ, to form a smooth horizontal base to support the panels. The width
would generally be at least 35 cm with a minimum thickness of 15 cm. Reference should be made to the
Construction Design for the structure for details.
Prefabricated concrete facing panels – MACRES

Whole panels – Code An (if made of un-reinforced concrete) or Cn (if made of reinforced concrete). The number
“n” indicates the number of attachments for fixing the reinforcement.
Half panels – Code Bn (if made of un-reinforced concrete) or Dn (if made of reinforced concrete). These are used in
the lowest layer (first layer) alternately with a whole panel.
End panels – Codes In, Jn, Kn, Ln, Mn, Nn, Pn, Qn (if not suitable for coupling with a head slab) or R…, S…, T…, U…,
V…, W…, X…, Y…(if suitable for coupling with a head slab). The upper edge of these panels is flat.
Prefabricated concrete facing panels – MACFORCE
S – Standard Panel
H – Used along with the symbol of light panel to show as a heavy panel
P - Base Panel
L – Used along with the cut type panels of various panels to show that Cut is present on left side
R – Used along with the cut type panels of various panels to show that Cut is present on right side
Q – Corner panel
A,A,C,D,E,F,G,J,W,X,Y & Z –Various top panels
6
2,3,4,5,6 etc - Used along with the symbol of various panels to show the number of connections present in each
panel depending on the design connections per running meter.
50, 55, 60….170 - Used along with the symbol of various cut panels to show the cut panel width (in cm). Cut panel
library is made for all possible combinations at every 5cm interval from 50cm to 170cm. In case of space
constraints where such cut panels are not fitting, special size cut panels shall be made and width shown
accordingly. For e.g., if we are not able to fit either 70cm panel or 75cm, because the space available is only 73cm,
then a special panel (which is not available in panel library) of size 73 shall be made, and the same is shown along
with the name of the panel.
Q80,Q100,Q120,Q140 & Q160 – Corner panels of height ranging from 80cm to 160cm.
SERVICES PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI SA.

 Design of the MSEW structures.
 Transport to site of the materials provided (F.O.B.), including an unloading time, from arrival at site,
of two hours.
 Technical support on site at the start of installation.
Fig. 2
MACRES MACFORCE
MATERIALS PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI FOR MSEW

 1 panel lifting kit (ref. fig. 2) (Sling, lifting pins and Hooks for the installation period)
 1 template for positioning the panels (ref. fig. 3)
 Prefabricated concrete facing panels, complete with attachments for connection to the reinforcements
 Any other prefabricated concrete elements, if required by the construction design (head slabs, corner
members, etc.), complete with attachments for connection.
 Geotextiles and rubber bearings to form joints between panels.
 ParaWeb™ embankment reinforcement
 Plastic dowels for connecting the panels 7
Fig. 3
ParaWeb™ is supplied generally in 100m coils although other lengths can be supplied as required by the design.
Each coil is labelled with a colour-coded label which shows the grade and other QA information. Coils are supplied
on pallets.
Geotextiles, rubber compression pads, Pvc dowels and connection components are generally supplied in packages
to avoid damage during unloading and handling.
The certificates of conformity for the above-mentioned materials are supplied by

MACCAFERRI S.A. It is, however, the Contractor’s responsibility to check that all the materials received comply
with the Transport Documentation and the Construction Design requirements.
Any discrepancy must be recorded on the Transport Documentation at the time of unloading and immediately
notified to MACCAFERRI S.A.
3. ORGANISATION OF INSTALLATION SITE
The construction of the MSEW structures must be organised as an earthworks operation.
The speed of installation of the facing and the arrangement of the reinforcements depends directly on the
organisation of the earth works.
The thickness of the vertical spacing between reinforcements is 400mm and the volume of structural fill required
is determined on the basis of the length of the wall and the reinforcement. If a temporary raised ramp is required
in front of the MSEW wall facing to reach the area behind, this additional soil volume may need to be included in
the contractors quantity take-off. It need not necessarily comply with the specific requirements for the reinforced
soil block (unless it is to be re-used elsewhere in the wall) but must be fit for purpose according to the ramp
design.
3.1 PLANT AND MACHINERY NEEDED BY THE CONTACTOR
Lifting of panels – Mobile lifting gear which is able to lift the weight of a panel to the required heights (the
standard panel weighs approx. 750 kg and the largest panel weighs approx.1000 kg).
Formation of embankment – The choice depends on the particular conditions of each structure, considering the
type of material, thickness of layers, compaction specifications, etc. In general, earth-works trucks, wheeled
loaders or diggers, tankers for watering embankment, etc will be required.
Compaction – Suitably sized vibratory rollers for the majority of embankment materials.
8
Non-vibratory rollers are recommended for fine sand. A small hand-held compactor will be used for
compaction of the embankment over distances of less than a metre from the rear of the panels.
3.2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED BY THE CONTRACTOR
Fig. 4
Threaded
bar ø 12
Clamps for fixing panels during installation (ref. fig. 4). At least one for each column of panels over the entire
length of the structure Wooden wedges (ref. fig. 5). 4-6 wedges for each column of panels over the entire
length of the structure
Fig. 5
Approx. dimensions
 Nylon ropes to unload the panels

 Timber struts for the first row of panels
 Crowbars
 Spirit level (min. length 1.00 m)
 Straight edge (min. length 1.80 m)
 19 mm spanners
 Plumb line
 Brush or broom
 Sledge hammer
 Surveying equipment
9
3.3 ESTIMATED PERSONNEL REQUIRED FOR INSTALLATION
 1 foreman (responsible for installation)

 2-4 labourers.
3.4 WORKS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE CONTRACTOR
Site preparation, including foundation excavations and any improvement of the foundation soil and/or installation
of drains, impermeable membranes, geotextiles and drainage pipes if specified in the Construction Design;
 Formation of the embankment foundation surface and pouring of the 15Mpa concrete blinding layer;
 Setting out of the facing front on the blinding layer;
 Unloading and storage of materials (panels, reinforcement and accessories);
 Assembly of MSEW components and placing and compaction of embankment;
 Suitable laboratory facility for testing of concrete and backfill material should be available at project site.
Provisional arrangement whilst awaiting the finishing works (carriageway, slopes, drains, weather protection, etc.).
3.5 INSTALLATION RATE
All the operations required for the assembly, adjustment of panels and installation of reinforcement may be
performed with the above-mentioned plant, equipment and personnel.
A normal installation rate, with reasonable conditions for access to the works and the length of the structure, may
be 40 m2 to 70 m2 per day for a completed facing, once the first layer has been placed - which is the most labour
intensive. Faster construction rates are possible on larger projects.
3.6 EMBANKMENT MATERIAL
Before starting a project, it is necessary to send Maccaferri a 20 kg (approx.) sample of the material with which it is
planned to construct the reinforced embankment, in order to carry out the various laboratory tests and approve
the material.
In addition to the general technical requirements for embankments and backfills, the conditions required for soils
to be used in reinforced embankments are those given in the Technical Specifications.
10
4.0 Methodology for panel casting
The panels for the fascia elements of ParaWebTM reinforced soil wall are pre-cast at the casting yard. Guidelines for
casting panels, curing, stacking, and transportation are given here in.
4.1 Verification of moulds: Moulds shall be manufactured at the casting yard and the dimensions shall be
checked before dispatch from manufacturing unit and after receiving at site. Base plate should be free
from any warping and dimensions of all the side shuttering should be within tolerance.
4.2 Preparation of casting Yard: For efficient casting and good quality of work the following arrangements/
facilities are required at the casting yard
a) Casting Area: The panel shall be cast at the casting area using moulds. The base of the mould shall be
supported on two Supporting concrete Beams (as shown in Pic.no.1) of 250mm (W) X 300mm (D) or
any other suitable method. Top of the beams shall be in one horizontal plane. This is to ensure that
the base of the mould is in horizontal plane while resting on the beam during casting. Number and
length of such support system at the casting area shall depend on the number of base plates.
Pic.No.1 Casting Platform.
b) Stacking Area: The area of stacking yard shall depend on the daily production of panels. The stacking area
shall be well compacted and leveled to prevent any uneven settlement of panel stack which might damage
the panels. The stacking area may be suitably divided with separate stacks for different type of panels (as
shown in pic.no.2).
Pic.No.2 Stacking Yard.
11
c) Storage Sheds: Proper storage sheds shall be erected to store all the accessories supplied to projects which
includes toggles, loops, I Bolts, dowel bars, PVC pipes etc.
d) Lab Facilities: Suitable laboratory facility for testing of concrete and backfill material should be available at
project site.
e) Associated Facilities: This includes curing arrangement, sprinkler and manual, curing tank, needle vibrators,
demoulding agent, gantry, generator, spacer blocks, tools for assembling and dismantling of moulds.
4.3 Fixing of mould base on platform: The mould base shall be fixed horizontally with in a tolerance of +
2.00mm over the concrete beams or any other suitable platform. The side-shutters shall be mounted on the
base plate and fixed in position by suitable bolting/fixing arrangement. All the nuts-bolts, wedges, clamping
arrangement should be fixed in position. The mould should be oiled before placing the reinforcement bars.
Special care should be taken to prevent reinforcing bars and fixtures coming in contact with the oiled
surface of the mould. If fixtures or reinforcement bars accidentally get oiled the same should not be used
until their surface is free from oil.
4.4 Placing of reinforcement bar: Reinforcement steel as per drawing shall be cut, bent and bound properly
and shall be placed inside the mould. Reinforcement shall be lifted off the base and tied with the panel
accessories to fit in its proper position. Adequate supporting arrangement shall be provided so that
reinforcement and accessories remains in position during placing and compaction of concrete.
4.5 Placing of panel accessories: Panel accessories like loops, P.V.C. pipe, dowel bars, vertical-lifting I bolts as
per approved drawing, shall be fixed in proper position by suitable positioning arrangement. Loops shall be
fixed in position by using loop bridge. The reinforcement bar mesh shall be suspended from the loops
attached to loop bridge. A clear cover shall be provided to reinforcement mesh from earth side/back side of
panel. The details of suspending reinforcement mesh from loops is shown in pic.no.3
I-Bolt
PVC
Pipe
Loop Bridge
Loops
Pic.no.3 Placement of reinforcement and accessories in the mould.
12
4.6 Pouring of concrete and its compaction: After completing all the above activities and filling the pour card
and relevant quality checklist forms for panel casting, concrete of specified grade and slump as per
approved mix design should be poured in the mould with minimum interruption. A vibrator shall be used to
compact the concrete. Hand tamping shall be done to the sides by wooden or rubber mallets. Special care
shall be taken to see that the pouring operation of the concrete does not dislodge the panel accessories.
The concrete shall be leveled to top of the side shutter or upto the level market on the side shutter and
broom finish shall be provided to the concrete.
4.7 Casting of cut-panel: For casting cut panels vertical shutters are used to reduce the horizontal
dimension. To determine if a panel is left or right cut, the rule is to always consider the external side of
the panel. Thus, if the drawing indicates right-cut panel, the panel has to be cast on left side of person
facing the mould while standing on the I-bolt side of the mould. Vice-versa, if drawing indicates left-cut
panel, the panel shall be cast on right side of person facing the mould while standing on the I-bolt side
of the mould, and thus cutting the left side of the panel.
4.8 Marking for Identification of different types of panel: Panel type, date of casting shall be inscribed on the
earth face of the panel after initial setting time of concrete.
4.9 Removal of side shutters: Side shutters shall be removed after hardening of concrete sufficient enough to
retain the shape after de-shuttering. This may be after 4 to 6 hours of casting. Holding arrangement of
panel accessories are to be removed first and side shutters shall be removed slowly with care, without
damaging panel edges. Panel type and date shall be painted on the side of the panel.
4.10 Lifting and stacking of R.C.C. panel for curing: The panel shall be lifted from base after 16 to 20 hours of
concreting using vertical lifting arrangement as shown in Pic no. 4 by Gantry or Hydra crane as applicable
and shall be stacked for curing. The vertical height from the earth side of the panel to the lifting hook of the
crane where slings are attached shall not be less than 1.5 m.
Pic No. 4 Arrangements for Lifting Panel off the base of mould after casting.
4.11 Curing of panels: Curing of panels shall start soon after the panel begins to dry on the base plate of the
mould. After initial curing on the base plate of the mould, the panels shall be shifted to stacking area where
they shall be stacked one over the other using four concrete blocks between two panels. The panels shall
be covered with damp. Hessian cloth to keep a wet atmosphere around the panels for 14 days. Not more
than 4 panels shall be stacked one over the other during curing.
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5. UNLOADING AND STORAGE OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS
The deliveries will be made in accordance with the contractual supply programme agreed previously on the basis of
the individual structures to be built and the production capacities of the prefabrication factories.
The materials will be delivered by Maccaferri SA to the site where accessible to a 30 tonne trailer closest to the
structure to be constructed, or as indicated by the Contractor.
Contractor’s site personnel will check the compliance of the materials delivered with the Transport Documents and
the Construction Design. The condition of the elements unloaded will be checked and any discrepancies will be
recorded on the Transport Documents and immediately reported to MACCAFERRI SA.
It is recommended that a stock of MSEW elements sufficient for at least 8-10 days of installation operations be kept
on site, to take into account any transportation difficulties.
5.1 PREFABRICATED CONCRETE PANELS
The prefabricated concrete panels will be transported to the site on 30 tonne articulated trucks, and the access to
the unloading area must be suitable.
An unloading time of two hours per delivery is normally included in the services provided by Maccaferri SA. This is
sufficient time for unloading the panels at the site or at a temporary storage area, using one of the following
methods:
1. unloading of each of the panels individually, using either the lifting kit provided by Maccaferri SA or nylon
ropes
2. unloading of each of the packs of 5 or 6 panels lying on top of each other on the truck
Lifting gear with a sufficient capacity is required in both cases.
If possible, the area chosen for the temporary storage should be dry and flat, both for the stability of the packs of
panels and to protect them from staining.
During any transport and storage on site, the panels should always be kept in a horizontal position with the hooks
facing upwards, so that they may be easily lifted.
No more than 5 or 6 panels should ever be stacked on top of each other, and concrete or timber blocks must be
placed to separate the panels. (ref. Fig. 6).
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5.2 Transportation of Panels:
After proper curing fascia panel shall be shifted from casting yard to erection site. The panels shall
be transported by a Trailer-truck in stack of not more than 4 panels, with wooden or concrete
blocks placed between the panels. The bottom-most panel should always be supported on wooden
rafters during transportation. A gap of about 15 to 20 cm shall be maintained in between the
stacks. The stack of panels shall be properly secured with chains or slings to the trailer. To avoid
damage to the panels, Trailer shall not travel at speed more then 30km/hr, unless the road is in
good condition and higher speed is not damaging the panels. Panel shall be unload and stacked at
erection site in same manner as at casting yard.
Pic.No.5 Stacking of Panels.
15
SPACERS SPACERS
INSULATION FROM GROUND INSULATION FROM GROUND

LIFTING BOLTS ALL
TIMBER TIMBER
SEPARATOR
LIFTING OF A PANEL FROM THE PACK
Fig. 6
Lifting Equipment for the panel is site specific and is determined by the Contractor, as long as the panel is not
damaged in any way whatsoever.
In no case should the exposed face of a panel be placed on the ground or above another panel without it resting
on suitable spacers (ref. Fig. 6). The attachments must never bend, and a panel must never rest on the one below
(ref. Fig. 6).
An individual panel is lifted from the horizontal position (in the pack) directly to the vertical position with the
procedure shown in Fig. 6, using the lifting kit. The hooks are connected to the lifting bolts fitted to the top of the
panel. A piece of timber should be placed between the panels (ref. Fig. 6) to avoid possible chipping of the concrete
during tipping from the horizontal to the vertical position.
16
Note: all the timber and spacers used for preparation of the packs of panels on the delivery truck
remain the property of MACCAFERRI SA.; they must be looked after by the Contractor’s personnel
and handed back as soon as they are no longer required for storage on site.
5.3 ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT, AND OTHER ACCESSORIES Fig. 7
a)
Reinforcements
 the ParaWeb™ reinforcement will be delivered by MACCAFERRI SA to suit the installation

programme.
 The ParaWeb™ reinforcement will be transported to site on pallets with a maximum weight of
1.5 tonnes.
 The pallets of reinforcement may be unloaded by a forklift truck
With regard to the storage (fig.7), a suitably large area should be set up to hold all the items, placing
them in separate groups according to their grade as shown by the colour-coded labels.
Fig. 8 schematically shows the formation of the joints

between the panels
Fig. 9 schematically shows the formation of the joints

between the panels and the special prefabricated
Fig. 8
17
FRONT FACING PANELS FRONT FACING PANELS

VIEW OF PANELS INSTALLED VIEW OF PANELS FROM EMBANKMENT SIDE
(INSIDE OF STRUCTURE)
RUBBER
BEARING
FRONT FACING PANELS

RUBBER BEARING
(SECTION DETAIL) HORIZONTAL
STRIPS
1.50x0.40 mt
JOINTS BETWEEN
PANELS
Fig. 11
PANEL TOE 0.40m VERTICAL STRIPS FOR ENTIRE

RUBBER BEARINGS
Rubber compression pads – The Pads (ref. Fig. 10)

5.4 Geotextile made of EPDM rubber are supplied in boxes.
Fig. 10
The geotextile is supplied in 0.40 m wide rolls for the joints between the panels and in 1.20 m wide rolls for
the joints between panels and special parts (corner elements, joint cover plates, etc).
18
6. INSTALLATION
The appearance of a MSEW structure depends, above all, on the care with which the prefabricated facing panels
are positioned and the embankment is formed. The utmost care should therefore be taken in the related
operations with regard to the positioning of the panels and especially for those of the first row, in order to make
the subsequent installation operations fast and easy to perform.
6.1 PROCEDURES FOR POSITIONING PANELS
Lifting and positioning - The individual panel, hooked to the lifting kit in the vertical position (ref. previous point
5.1 and Fig. 6) is lowered to its position in the facing using the male-female centring systems of the panel itself.
Alignment check – Visually check the alignment of each panel with respect to the alignment marked on the
blinding layer (for the first row) or on the lower panels (for the upper rows). Correct the position using crowbars
from the inside of the structure, as shown in Fig. 11, to align the new panel with the surface of the facing already
installed
Never use the crowbar on the outside

Fig. 11 of the panel! The damage to the
exposed face would be unacceptable!
PANEL TOE Checking flatness and distance – The

level of each panel must be checked
INTERNAL with a metal straight edge and a spirit
POINT OF ROTATION MOVEMENT
HORIZ. JOINT
level as shown in Fig. 12. Adjustments
AXIS – PIPE AXIS are made by using a crowbar and
inserting timber wedges, Fig. 12 also
EXTERNAL
shows the distance check which must
MOVEMENT be made, with the template, for
positioning the half panels in the first
row (lower). The distance is ensured in
subsequent rows of panels (upper) by
PANEL HEAD
the centring system cast into the
BACKFILL panels.
Fig. 12
19
Inclination of panels – Each panel must be fitted with a slight inclination towards the embankment, to compensate
for the outward movement which will occur during placing and compaction of the embankment, and to bring them
to a final vertical position.
The inclination angle depends on the embankment material, its water content and the method of compaction, as
well as the length of the reinforcements, but it is normally in the range of 1-2%. The more granular materials
require a lesser inclination, whilst finer materials require a greater inclination. It is therefore necessary to monitor
the actual movement of the first panels during placing and compaction of the embankment in order to define the
Fig. 13 Fig. 14
TIMBER CLAMPS
appropriate inclination for each individual installation.

The inclination must be checked with a spirit level (Fig. 14) or with a plumb line. The inclination is formed by pulling
the top of the panel towards the inside of the structure and it is maintained by inserting timber wedges and fitting
clamps to fix it to the adjacent panels. The clamps should not be over tightened in order not to eliminate the
inclination set for each panel.
The timber wedges must remain between the panels only until the next row is placed and they must then be
quickly removed to avoid any chipping of the panels.
Control of vertical alignment of facing - During construction it is necessary to frequently check, with a plumb line,
the vertical alignment of the facing already installed and filled within the embankment. This will enable the timely
adoption of measures to ensure that the finished structure is vertical, within the tolerances specified in the
Construction Design.
20
6.2 INSTALLATION SEQUENCE
The installation sequence for the MSEW structures may be schematically represented by the following series of
operations:
1. Site preparation, including foundation excavations and any improvement of the foundation soil and/or
installation of drains, impermeable membranes, geotextiles and drainage pipes if specified in the
Construction Design;
2. Pouring of the blinding layer and setting out of the facing;
3. Positioning and strutting of the first row of panels, alternating half panels with whole panels;
4. Fitting of wedges and clamps to hold the panels in the correct position;
5. Placing of geotextiles inside the panels, to protect the horizontal and vertical joints;
6. Formation and compaction of the first embankment layer (up to the level of the first row of attachments);
7. Positioning and connection of the first level of reinforcements;
8. Formation and compaction of the second embankment layer (up to the top of the panels);
9. Positioning of the rubber bearings, removal of the wedges and clamps and positioning of the next row of
panels;
10. Repetition of operations 4),5),6),7),8),9) and 10) until the top level of the facing required in the design is
reached;
11. Removal of all the wedges and clamps for completion of the top row of panels, including the formation and
compaction of the embankment;
12. Installation of any top slabs, barriers or any other superstructure included in the Construction design.
6.3 INSTALLATION OPERATIONS
OP 1) SITE PREPARATION
1)a. Excavations – Excavate the site to the width (at least that required to accommodate the overall length of the
reinforcements, ref. Fig. 15) and depth shown in the Construction Design drawings, and carry out any foundation
preparation works required by the Design.
4 % ->
MSEW SYSTEM
FACINGS
Length
EXCAVATION
Depth LIMIT
Fig.15 ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT
21
The evaluation of the suitability of the foundation soil and its load-bearing capacity is the responsibility of the
Engineer. Any foundation soil which is found to be unsuitable should be removed and replaced by suitable
material and compacted in accordance with the Engineer’s instructions, until a density is reached which is
compatible with the allowable bearing pressure indicated by the Construction Design. The control and
evaluation of the foundation soil may be critical with regard to the global and internal stability of the MSEW
structures and its behaviour depends to a great extent on that of the foundation soil.
1)b. Drainage systems – install the drainage systems specified in the Construction Design or as instructed by the
Engineer. In any case, any surface water flowing from overlying slopes or nearby structures should be diverted by
means of catchwater drains from the very start of the installation works.
Fig. 16 Fig. 17
EMBANKMENT COMPACTED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH MSEW
MINIMUM BACKFILL 40cm SPECIFICATIONS
E
GROUND LIN
ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT WALL SETTING OUTLINE
EXISTING GROUND
WALL FOUNDATION
BUILDING LAYER
BUILDING LAYER
CONCRETE BUILDING LAYER

15O kg/cm2 PER
OP 2) POURING BLINDING LAYER AND SETTING OUT OF FACING
2)a. Blinding layer – 15Mpa concrete, compressive strength 150 kg/cm2, cast in-situ and smoothed to the
foundation levels specified in the Construction Design (ref. Fig. 16), to form a smooth horizontal base for the
panels. The thickness must be at least 15 cm and the width (which depends on the horizontal alignment of the
facing structure) must be at least 35 cm (ref. Fig. 17).
The concrete must be cured for at least 12 hours before the panels are positioned.
The tolerances on the levels specified in the Construction Design fall between +3 and -6 mm.
It is absolutely essential that the blinding layer is constructed carefully and that it is perfectly flat in a
longitudinal direction. This is the essential basis for achieving high quality in the subsequent installation. It will
simplify alignment of the panels and increase the production rate.
2)b. Setting out of the facing – clearly mark the external alignment of the external side of the facing on the blinding
layer.
OP 3) POSITIONING AND STRUTTING OF THE FIRST ROW OF PANELS
3)a. Positioning of the first row of panels - work is started from the bottom and usually from the lowest level of
the section of structure to be built. It is necessary to define a direction of installation (e.g. from left to right). The
following series of operations are performed (ref. Fig. 18):
 Positioning of panel 1
 Checking the alignment of panel 1 with the setting-out marked on the blinding layer and the top level (with
the spirit level) and with the help of timber wedges, which are also used to give the required inclination.
The bearings made of EPDM rubber pads are not used beneath the first row of panels;
 Positioning of panel 2
22
Fig. 18
 Checking the distance with the template (Fig. 18);

 Checking the alignment of panel 2 with the setting-out marked
on the blinding layer and the top level (with the spirit level) and with Fig. 19
The help of timber wedges, which are also used to give the
required inclination. STRUTTING OF THE FIRST ROW OF PANELS
It is absolutely essential during the entire installation phase that the of the panel installed at every position of
the facing corresponds to that in the approved Construction Design.
 Strutting of panels 1 and 2 (Fig.19). All the struts stay in place until the strutted panel is connected to the
reinforcements and embankment is placed and compacted up to the top.
 Positioning of panel 3 (whole panel) (Fig. 20) by coupling together the centring system integral to the panels;
 Checking the alignment of panel 3 with the setting-out marked on the blinding layer and the top level (with
the spirit level) and with the help of timber wedges, also used to give the required inclination.
 Strutting of panel 3 (Fig. 19);
 Positioning of the fixing clamps between panels 1, 2 and 3 (Fig. 13).
 Positioning of panel 4 (half panel) (Fig. 21), in the same way as panel 2.
 Positioning of panel 5 (whole panel ) (Fig. 21), in the same way as panel 3.
 Checking the distance with the template (Fig. 18), in the same way as between panels 1 and 2;
 Checking the top level of panels 3 and 5 with a straight edge and spirit level, in the same way as between
panels 1 and 2;
 Positioning of the fixing clamps between panels 2, 4 and 5 (Fig. 13);
 Repetition of the operations with the subsequent panels until
completion of the first row
Fig.20
 Checking the correct alignment of the panels.
OP 4)
PLACING OF WEDGES AND CLAMPS
Ref. point 6.1
23
DISTANCE
STRAIGHT EDGE TEMPLATE
SPIRIT LEVEL
IN THE CASE OF
ALIGNMENT USE A ROPE
Fig. 21
OP 5) PLACING GEOTEXTILE INSIDE PANELS
Ref. Fig. 8 – Protection of the joints between panels with strips of geotextile prevents the escape of fines from the
reinforced embankment through the joints. The strips of geotextile are cut from the rolls in lengths equal to
approximately the height of the vertical joint (for the vertical joints) and equal to approximately the width of the
panel (for the horizontal joints). They are only installed on the inside of the panels. The extra length of the vertical
strips will be turned over to the outside of the structure during construction.
OP 6) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE FIRST EMBANKMENT LAYER
The ease of installation and the behaviour of a MSEW structure depends mainly on the quality of the selected
embankment fill material and the methods used for placing the material. The Contractor is responsible for
ensuring compliance of the material to the requirements of the Construction Design, which must be demonstrated
by means of the tests and inspections required by the Technical Specification.
6)a. Placing of embankment - The placing and compaction is carried out in layers, of thickness as required to
achieve the specified density, as shown in Figure22 or until reaching the level of the first (and then the subsequent)
row of couplings.
Fig. 22
EMBANKMENT SURFACE
HORIZONTAL OR WITH A
SLOPE OF APPROX. 4%
Fig. 22
Place the fill material at the centre of the reinforced embankment, spread it towards the ends of the
reinforcements and lastly, always in strips, up to the facing.
The material must always be spread parallel to the facing during all the phases.
The soil must never be spread or compacted in the direction of the reinforcements nor by moving towards the
reinforcements (Fig. 23).
24
REINFORCEMENT
LENGTH Fig. 23 Fig. 24
If the material is spread with tracked plant, it must not drive directly over the reinforcements, as this could damage
the ParaWeb™. There are no potentially adverse affects in the use of wheeled plant.
6)b. Compaction of the embankment - The water content of the embankment fill material, especially with fine soils,
must not be more than1-2% greater than the optimum moisture content.
Every embankment layer must be compacted to a relative density which is greater than 93% of the Mod AASHTO
density.
Every layer must be compacted with large vibratory rollers (smooth if possible), or static rollers if the material is fine,
except in the 1.5 m strip adjacent to the facing panels; small vibratory rollers or hand-held compactors should be
used in this strip.
The alignment of the panels should be checked visually when the compaction has been completed.
If the facing panels move excessively during compaction, sieve analyses and water content tests should be carried out
on the embankment material.
It is essential to leave a slope of approximately 4% to the layer left exposed at the end of each working day, running
down to the outside of the embankment (away from the facing panels), to allow the run-off of heavy rain in that
direction.
If the layer is still saturated, even after all the precautions, the layer must be removed or the work re-started with a
layer of well-draining material.
OP 7) POSITIONING AND CONNECTION OF THE FIRST LAYER OF REINFORCEMENTS
Measure out from the back of the panels the width of the reinforced soil block. Mark this line along the wall by pins
or a string line. (Fig.24)
Mount the ParaWeb™ onto the dispensing frame and release the binding to free the end of the ParaWeb™. Position
the dispensing frame just behind the string line (Fig.25)
Fig. 25 Fig. 26
25
Pull the free end of the ParaWeb™ towards the backs of the panels and push it upwards through the first
attachment loop projecting from the back of the panel (Fig.26). Continue to pull the ParaWeb™ back towards the
string line.
Fig. 27 Fig. 28
When about half-way back turn the free end of the ParaWeb™ over onto itself, while continuing to pull (Fig.27), and
return with the free end back to the next attachment in the panels. Push this free end upwards through the
attachment and pull it back towards the string line.
Continue this process of pushing the free end of the ParaWeb™ through successive attachments until the end of the
ParaWeb™ roll is reached. To achieve a satisfactory outcome in this process continuous pulling of the ‘attached’
lengths of the ParaWeb™ needs to be carried out so that each fold in the ParaWeb™, remote from the attachments,
ends up approximately at the string line position (Fig.28).
When the ParaWeb™ has been loosely laid out in this way (Fig.29) final tightening and pinning can begin.
The initial free end should be passed around a short bar over the string line so that a minimum of 1m is capable of
Fig. 29 Fig. 30
being ‘lapped’ onto itself. This 1m should be fixed to the ParaWeb™ beneath it using a short pin Figs.30. When this
is done the short bar should be prevented from moving forwards by hammering 2 short pins into the ground in
front of it (Fig.30).
With one operative standing on the fixed end the remaining operatives should take hold of the length of ParaWeb™
that follows immediately from the first attachment and pull it tight. The desired outcome should be that all slack in
the ParaWeb™ is removed without applying undue force on the back of the panel, which may pull it back wards.
(Fig.31). When this has been done a further short steel bar should be inserted through the fold in the ParaWeb™
over the string line and, pulling the ParaWeb™ tight around the bar, it should be pinned to the ground as done
26
This
Fig. 30 Fig. 31 Fig.3131

Fig.
OP 8) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE SECOND

EMBANKMENT LAYER
The second layer of fill must reach the top of the half
panels Bn or Dn. The positioning of the next row of panels
may only be started after this layer has been placed and
compacted. It is now necessary to prepare the strip of
geotextile for formation of the horizontal joints between
the lower half panels and the panels to be placed above.
Reference should be made to OP. 6 above for details of the
placing and compaction. Fig. 32
Once the soil of layer 2 has been compacted, the vertical
alignment of the inner panels must be checked again, ensuring that there is an inclination towards the inside
away from the facing panels, after compaction
OP 9 )POSITIONING OF THE BEARINGS AND THE SUBSEQUENT ROW OF PANELS
The positioning of the next row of panels may only start if the compacted embankment has reached the top of the
row of panels on which the new panels are to be placed.
The positioning of a panel above a panel behind which the compacted embankment has not been completed
creates an instability resulting in the misalignment of the panels.
If possible, the positioning should start above the position the first row started and work should progress in the
same direction.
The cycle of operations to be repeated for each panel of the new row is as follows:
 Removal of the clamps from the row below (not more than 2 at a time)
 Checking the distance between the panels already installed, using the template
 Positioning the rubber bearings. The rubber bearings, which prevent direct vertical contact between the
concrete surfaces of the panels, are fitted into the slots on the top of each panel
 Placing the new panel between the three panels already installed
 Arrangement, levelling and checking vertical alignment of new panel (ref. point 5).
27
OP 10) REPETITION OF OPERATIONS 4),5),6),7),8),9) AND 10) UNTIL THE TOP LEVEL OF THE FACING
REQUIRED IN THE DESIGN IS REACHED
OP 11) INSTALLATION OF ANY TOP SLABS, BARRIERS OR ANY OTHER SUPERSTRUCTURE INCLUDED IN
THE CONSTRUCTION DESIGN.
Fig. 33 THEORETICAL UPPER
L = 1.20 m bars
HEAD LEVEL OF PANELS
HEAD LEVEL OF
STARTER
STARTER BARS
TIMBER FORMWORK
LAST ROW OF AT- TIMBER FORMWORK

TACHMENTS
LAST ROW OF ATTACHMENTS
JOIN BETWEEN BEAMS 1cm

3Ø10 every 1.50 m THEORETICAL UPPER LEVEL
L = 1.20 m bars
CONCRETE BLINDING LAYER
LAST ROW OF ATTACHMENTS
PANEL REINFORCEMENT
WITH STARTER BARS
Fig. 34
The three most common types of finishing are:
11)a. No coping – The head panels are left exposed without any type of finishing
11)b. Prefabricated coping units – The head panels have starter bars at the top for connection to the prefabricated
coping units supplied by Maccaferri SA. The connection and the in-situ concrete works are shown in Fig. 33.
11)c. Cast in-situ capping beam - The head panels have starter bars at the top for connection to the cast in-situ
capping beam, as shown in Fig. 34.
6.4 COMPLETION OF THE STRUCTURE
Strutting to the lower panels may be removed once the compacted layers reach a height of 1.50 m, i.e. once the
height of the whole panel at the base has been exceeded.
The backfilling of the excavation must start once the reinforced embankment reaches a height of 3 m.
Measures should be taken to protect the wall from rainfall once it has been completed if a period of time must
elapse before the final works (road paving, concrete coping, etc) may be carried out:
 Check that the slope of the last layer is such that rainwater flows towards the ends away from the
reinforcements and not towards the facing,
28
 Construct channels and drains to collect the rainwater run-off,

 Cover at least the entire reinforced embankment with plastic sheets during heavy rainfall.
Any other superstructures required by the Construction Design should then be installed.
7. CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONS
The MSEW structures must be constructed in strict compliance with the structural requirements and the
appearance shown in the Drawings and Technical Specifications of the Construction Design and in the
Contract Documents. The required result is obtained by the use of high-quality materials, adoption of the
correct installation procedures and careful supervision of the works. However, given the nature of
earthworks, there may be occasions in which the dimensional tolerances and/or some appearance limits may
be exceeded. In these cases, the necessary corrective measures must be immediately adopted so that the
structure brought back within the acceptable tolerances.
Some of the most frequent and probable cause-effect relations are given :
8. REGISTERED TRADE-MARK
The MSEW system consists of the combination of soil and reinforcements with the facing elements. These
elements are covered by patents registered in Italy and abroad by Maccaferri SA.
The supply of the prefabricated elements must be carried out by Maccaferri SAfor the installation of any
MSEW systems.
Every delivery, even of a partial nature, may only be carried out following a written order to Maccaferri SA for
a specific project.
All manufacturing, delivery or installation outside of these conditions constitutes an infringement of
copyright and may be prosecuted as such.
The documentation and the information contained therein may not be copied or divulged, either as a whole
or in part, without the prior written approval of Maccaferri S.A.
The acquisition of this document does not grant right of ownership to the document or the information
contained therein.
If so requested, all the above-mentioned documents must be returned to Maccaferri S.A.
29
CAUSES EFFECTS
1. Moisture content of foundation soil too high 1. Distortion of the facing
or with insufficient load-bearing capacity a) Differential settlement of the facing
b) General tilting of the facing
c) Contact between the panels, with
2. Blinding layer outside tolerances consequent chipping of the panels
2.
a) 1st row difficult to arrange or level
b) Contact between the panels in the
1st row, with consequent chipping of
the panels
3.
a) Insufficient inclination inwards 3. Facing inclined vertically outwards
during installation
b) Excessive working within 1.5 m from
the in side of the panels
c) Embankment material placed with a
moisture content higher than the
OMC
d) Embankment material with too
high fines content
e) Embankment material placed
against the panels before being
compacted on the reinforcements
f) Compaction energy excessive (or
vibratory) on fine, uniform grain-size
sands
g) Direction of compaction incorrect i.e.
from the ends of the reinforcements
towards the rear of the panels
h) Clamps loose
i) Compaction energy excessive
j) Thickness of compaction layers too
high
k) Embankment fill material too plastic
4.
a) Excessive inclination of the panels 4. Facing inclined vertically inwards
inwards during installation
b) Inadequate compaction of the
embankment
5. 5. Facing outside the horizontal tolerances or

a) Reference points 3c), 3d), 3e), 3f), with bulging
3g) and 3l)
b) Saturated embankment fill material
6. 6.
a) The panels already installed are not a) Difficulty in placing the panels in
Levelled position
b) (reference point 1). b) The subsequent panels do not fit
or they chip
30
9. TYPE AND NAME OF THE PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS
All the prefabricated elements are identified by a code (NAME) which identifies its characteristics (shape, no.
of attachments, etc.), both in the construction documents and on the elements themselves. The tables below
indicate the names of the various “families” of elements.
A) MACRES—Standard inner panels (full height H = 150 cm)
NON-REINFORCED
SURFACE
NAME HEIGHT AREA ATTACHMENTS
m m2 no.
A3 1.500 2.250 3
A4 1.500 2.250 4
A6 1.500 2.250 6
REINFORCED
SURFACE
m m2 no.
C4 1.500 2.250 4
C6 1.500 2.250 6
C8 1.500 2.250 8
C10 1.500 2.250 10
n = number of attachments per panel
B) First level standard panels (half height H = 75 cm)
NON-REINFORCED
SURFACE
m m2 no.
B2 0.750 1.125 2
REINFORCED
SURFACE
m m2 no.
D2 0.750 1.125 2
D3 0.750 1.125 3
D4 0.750 1.125 4
31
C) MACFORCE PANELS
J6 J' panel with '6' connections BOTTOM HEIGHT

TYPE NAME
WIDTH (m)
SH4 Heavy' 'S' panel with '4' connections STD S 1.83 1.6
Heavy' 'S' cutpanel (cut on 'right' side) with '2' HALF P 2.16 0.8
SHR2-90 A 1.83 1
connections and '90cm' wide at bottom
B 1.83 1.8
Q120 Corne'r panel of height '120cm' C 1.83 1.2
PH2 Heavy' Half panel 'P' with '2' connections D 1.83 2
E 1.83 1.4
F 1.83 2.2
TOP
G 1.83 1.6
J 1.83 2.4
W 2.16 1
X 2.16 1.2
Y 2.16 1.4
Z 2.16 1.6
Q80 0.8
CORNER
Q100 1
Q120 1.2
Q140 1.4
Q160 1.6
NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS TO BE MAINTAINED IN CUT PANELS BASED ON DESIGN CONNECTIONS PER

RUNNING METRE
FOR 1 CONNECTION / RM FOR 1.5 CONNECTIONS / RM
Column Column
Cut Panel Cut Panel
of of
size connectio size connectio
50 - 60 1 50 - 60 1
65 -
2 65 - 90 2
170
95 - 170 3
FOR 2 CONNECTIONS / RM
Cut Panel Column of

size connections
50 - 60 1
65 - 90 2
95 -120 3
125 -170 4
32
D) Head panels (various heights)

These are used to link the high parts of the facings. The head surface is therefore smooth.
NON-REINFORCED without starter bars NON-REINFORCED with starter bars REINFORCED without starter bars
E) Panels cut vertically

Some panels may be cut vertically to satisfy
design requirements. The cut panels are
indicated with the letter G (cut to the left) or D
(cut to the right) after the code which indicates
the name of the panel and before the number
which gives the width of the panel from the
vertical edge on the inner face (..DXX) or from
the axis of the pipe (..GXX)
Area = L x H = ......... M²
F) Panels with sloping cut

These are used to link the high parts of the walls to the
natural slopes.
The slope of the cut in the panels is fixed at 2:1, to the
right and to the left.
G) Corner elements
These are used to form the corners between two
alignments in the facing of MacRes structures.
(Standard length = 1.5 m.)
33
H) Coping Units
The standard length of the coping units is 1.5 m, and they may be
placed on all the head panels.
Starter bars
Spacer
I) Plates
The plates are concrete elements with a parallelepiped shape,

fitted behind the joints formed by cut panels joined
together vertically.
34

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INSTALLATION MANUAL

3. ORGANISATION OF INSTALLATION SITE……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………… 7

4. CASTING OF MSEW PANELS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10

5.UNLOADING AND STORAGE OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS……..…………………………………....……………………………….. 14

6.4 COMPLETION OF THE STRUCTURE…………………………….……………………………………………………………………. 28

9. TYPE AND NAME OF THE PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS……….……………..…………………………………………… 31

REINFORCED BODY (GRANULAR EMBANK-

ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT, IN ACCORDANCE

PARTS OF THE STRUCTURE

Prefabricated concrete facing panels – MACRES

Prefabricated concrete facing panels – MACFORCE

A,A,C,D,E,F,G,J,W,X,Y & Z –Various top panels

SERVICES PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI SA.

MATERIALS PROVIDED BY MACCAFERRI FOR MSEW

The certificates of conformity for the above-mentioned materials are supplied by

3. ORGANISATION OF INSTALLATION SITE

The construction of the MSEW structures must be organised as an earthworks operation.

3.1 PLANT AND MACHINERY NEEDED BY THE CONTACTOR

3.2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED BY THE CONTRACTOR

 Nylon ropes to unload the panels

3.3 ESTIMATED PERSONNEL REQUIRED FOR INSTALLATION

 1 foreman (responsible for installation)

3.4 WORKS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE CONTRACTOR

3.5 INSTALLATION RATE

3.6 EMBANKMENT MATERIAL

4.0 Methodology for panel casting

Pic.No.1 Casting Platform.

Pic.No.2 Stacking Yard.

Pic.no.3 Placement of reinforcement and accessories in the mould.

5. UNLOADING AND STORAGE OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS

5.1 PREFABRICATED CONCRETE PANELS

Lifting gear with a sufficient capacity is required in both cases.

5.2 Transportation of Panels:

Pic.No.5 Stacking of Panels.

INSULATION FROM GROUND INSULATION FROM GROUND

5.3 ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT, AND OTHER ACCESSORIES Fig. 7

 the ParaWeb™ reinforcement will be delivered by MACCAFERRI SA to suit the installation

Fig. 8 schematically shows the formation of the joints

Fig. 9 schematically shows the formation of the joints

FRONT FACING PANELS FRONT FACING PANELS

FRONT FACING PANELS

PANEL TOE 0.40m VERTICAL STRIPS FOR ENTIRE

Rubber compression pads – The Pads (ref. Fig. 10)

6.1 PROCEDURES FOR POSITIONING PANELS

Never use the crowbar on the outside

PANEL TOE Checking flatness and distance – The

appropriate inclination for each individual installation.

6.2 INSTALLATION SEQUENCE

6.3 INSTALLATION OPERATIONS

Fig.15 ParaWeb™ REINFORCEMENT

CONCRETE BUILDING LAYER

OP 2) POURING BLINDING LAYER AND SETTING OUT OF FACING

OP 3) POSITIONING AND STRUTTING OF THE FIRST ROW OF PANELS

 Checking the distance with the template (Fig. 18);

PLACING OF WEDGES AND CLAMPS

Ref. point 6.1

OP 5) PLACING GEOTEXTILE INSIDE PANELS

OP 6) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE FIRST EMBANKMENT LAYER

OP 7) POSITIONING AND CONNECTION OF THE FIRST LAYER OF REINFORCEMENTS

Fig. 30 Fig. 31 Fig.3131

OP 8) FORMATION AND COMPACTION OF THE SECOND

OP 9 )POSITIONING OF THE BEARINGS AND THE SUBSEQUENT ROW OF PANELS

Fig. 33 THEORETICAL UPPER

LAST ROW OF AT- TIMBER FORMWORK