MAPEH REVIEWER PARA SAYO MY LODICAKES HEHE

MUSIC

Claude Debussy (1862–1918)

 Most important and influential of the 20th century composers

 He changed the course of musical development by dissolving traditional rules and conventions into a
new language of possibilities in harmony, rhythm, form, texture, and color.
 Was born in St. Germain-en-Laye in France on August 22, 1862.
 He gained a reputation as an erratic pianist and a rebel in theory and harmony.
 In 1884, he won the top prize at the Prix de Rome competition with his composition L’ Enfant Prodigue
(The Prodigal Son).
 His musical compositions total more or less 227 which include orchestral music, chamber music, piano
music, operas, ballets, songs, and other vocal music.
 From the visual arts, Debussy was influenced by Monet, Pissarro, Manet, Degas, and Renoir; and from
the literary arts, by Mallarme,Verlaine, and Rimbaud.

Joseph Maurice Ravel (1875–1937)

 Was born in Ciboure, France to a Basque mother and a Swiss father.

 Entered the Paris Conservatory at the age of 14
 He stayed until his early 20’s, he had composed a number of masterpieces.
 Ravel was a perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman
 A strong advocate of Russian music, he also admired the music of Chopin, Liszt, Schubert, and
Mendelssohn. He died in Paris in 1937.

Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951)

 Was born in a working-class suburb of Vienna, Austria on September 13, 1874.

 He taught himself music theory, but took lessons in counterpoint.
 German composer Richard Wagner influenced his work as evidenced by his symphonic poem Pelleas et
Melisande, Op 5 (1903), a counterpoint of Debussy’s opera of the same title.
 Schoenberg’s style was constantly undergoing development.

Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971)

 Stravinsky’s early music reflected the influence of his teacher, the Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-
Korsakov.
 His first successful masterpiece, The Firebird Suite (1910)
 The Rite of Spring(1913) was another outstanding work.
 He left the country for the United States in 1939, Stravinsky slowly turned his back on Russian
nationalism and cultivated his neo-classical style.
 Stravinsky’s musical output approximates 127 works, including concerti, orchestral music, instrumental
music, operas, ballets, solo vocal, and choral music.
 He died in New York City on April 6, 1971.
ARTS

Impressionism

 By the 1870s, the stage was set for the emergence of the next major art movement in Europe.

EDOUARD MANET (1832-1883)

 Was one of the first 19th century artists to depict modern-life subjects.
 Was a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionis.
 Argenteuil Rue Mosnier Decked With Flags
Edouard Manet, 1874 Edouard Manet, 1878
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas

 Café Concert The Bar at the Folies-Bergere

Edouard Manet, 1878 Edouard Manet, 1882
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas
CLAUDE MONET (1840-1926)
 Was one of the founders of the impressionist movement along with his friends Auguste Renoir, Alfred
Sisley, and Frédéric Bazille.
 Claude Monet is best known for his landscape paintings, particularly those depicting his beloved flower
gardens and water lily ponds at his home in Giverny.
 La Promenade The Red Boats, Argenteuil
Claude Monet, 1875 Claude Monet, 1875
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas

 Bridge Over a Pond of Water Lilies Irises in Monet’s Garden

Claude Monet, 1899 Claude Monet, 1900
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas
AUGUSTE RENOIR. (1841-1919)

 Was one of the central figures of the impressionist movement. His early works were snapshots of real
life, full of sparkling color and light.
 His early works were snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light
 By the mid-1880s, however, Renoir broke away from the impressionist movement to apply a more
disciplined, formal technique to portraits of actual people and figure paintings.

 Dancer A Girl with a Watering Can

Auguste Renoir, 1874 Auguste Renoir, 1876
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas

Post-Impressionism: Works of Cezanne and Van Gogh

After the brief yet highly influential period of impressionism, an outgrowth movement
known as post-impressionism emerged. The European artists who were at the forefront of
this movement continued using the basic qualities of the impressionists before them—the
vivid colors, heavy brush strokes, and true-to-life subjects.
Paul Cézanne (1839–1906)

 Was a French artist and post-impressionist painter.

 His work exemplified the transition from late 19th-century impressionism to a new and radically
different world of art in the 20th century—paving the way for the next revolutionary art movement
known as expressionism.

 Hortense Fiquet in a Striped Skirt Still Life with Compotier

Paul Cezanne, 1878 Paul Cezanne, 1879-1882
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas

Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)

 Was a post-impressionist painter from The Netherlands.

 His works were remarkable for their strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions, and colors that
appeared to almost pulsate with energy.
 Van Gogh’s striking style was to have a far-reaching influence on 20th century art, with his works
becoming among the most recognized in the world.

 Sheaves of Wheat in a Field The Sower

Vincent van Gogh, 1885 Vincent van Gogh, 1888
Expressionism: A Bold New Movement
In the early 1900s, there arose in the Western art world a movement that came to be known as
expressionism. Expressionist artists created works with more emotional force, rather than with realistic or
natural images. To achieve this, they distorted outlines, applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms.
Among the various styles that arose within the expressionist art movements were: neoprimitivism 
fauvism  dadaism  surrealism  social realism Neoprimitivism

Neo-primitivism
 was an art style that incorporated elements from the native arts of the South Sea Islanders and the wood
carvings of African tribes which suddenly became popular at that time.

Amedeo Modigliani
 who used the oval faces and elongated shapes of African art in both his sculptures and paintings

Fauvism
 was a style that used bold, vibrant colors and visual distortions. Its name was derived from Les Fauves
(“ Wild Beast”) referring to the group of French expressionist painters who painted in this style.
 Most Famous Henri Matisse.

 Blue Window Henri Matisse, Woman with Hat Henri Matisse,

1911 1905

Dadaism
 Was a style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and surprises—as in the
paintings of Marc Chagall and Giorgio de Chirico.
 It shows the pain that a group of European artists felt after the suffering brought by World War I.
 They chose the child’s term for hobbyhorse, dada, to refer to their new “non-style.”
Surrealism
 Was a style that depicted an illogical, subconscious dream world beyond the logical, conscious, physical
one.
 Its name came from the term “super realism,” with its artworks clearly expressing a departure from
reality—as though the artists were dreaming, seeing illusions, or experiencing an altered mental state.

Social Realism
 expressed the artist’s role in social reform.
 Immorality, and ugliness of the human condition. In different periods of history, social
realists have addressed different issues: war, poverty, corruption, industrial and
environmental hazards, and more—in the hope of raising people’s awareness and
pushing society to seek reforms.

Ben Shahn’s Miners’ Wives

 spoke out against the hazardous conditions faced by coal miners, after a tragic accident killed 111
workers in Illinois in 1947, leaving their wives and children in mourning.

Example of Social Realism

Pablo Picasso’s Guernica
 has been recognized as the most monumental and comprehensive statement of social realism against the
brutality of war.
 Filling one wall of the Spanish Pavilion at the 1937 World’s Fair in Paris, it was Picasso’s outcry
against the German air raid of the town of Guernica in his native Spain.

Abstractionism
 Another group of artistic styles emerged at the same time as the expressionist movement.
 It had the same spirit of freedom of expression and openness that characterized life in the 20th century,
but it differed from expressionism in certain ways.
 It arose from the intellectual points of view in the 20th century. In the world of science, physicists were
formulating a new view of the universe, which resulted in the concepts of space-time and relativity.
 It involved analyzing, detaching, selecting, and simplifying.

Representational Abstractionism
 depicting still- recognizable subjects (as in the artwork on the left)

Pure Abstractionism
 No recognizable subject could be discerned.

Grouped under abstractionism are the following art styles:

 Cubism
 Futurism
 Mechanical style
 Non-objectivism

Cubism
 derived its name from the cube, a three- dimensional geometric figure composed of strictly measured
lines, planes, and angles.
 Cubist artworks were, therefore, a play of planes and angles on a flat surface. Foremost among the
cubists was Spanish painter/sculptor Pablo Picasso.
 Three Musicians Girl Before a Mirror (detail)
Pablo Picasso, 1921 Pablo Picasso, 1932
Oil on canvas Oil on canvas
 

Futurism
 The movement began in Italy in the early 1900’s
 As the name implies, the futurists created art for a fast-paced, machine-propelled age.
 They admired the motion, force, speed, and strength of mechanical forms.

Mechanical Style
 basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders all fit together precisely and neatly in their
appointed places.
 Mechanical parts such as crankshafts, cylinder blocks, and pistons are brightened only by the use of
primary colors.

Non-objectivism
 From the very term “non-object,” works in this style did not make use of figures or even representations
of figures. They did not refer to recognizable objects or forms in the outside world.
 Lines, shapes, and colors were used in a cool, impersonal approach that aimed for balance, unity, and
stability. Colors were mainly black, white, and the primaries (red, yellow, and blue). Foremost among
the nonobjectivists was Dutch painter Piet Mondrian
Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art, Op Art

Action Painting
 These were created through what came to be known as “action painting.”
 One form of abstract expressionism was seen in the works of Jackson Pollock.
 Pollock’s first one-man show in New York in 1943 focused worldwide attention on
abstract expressionism for the first time

Color Field Painting

 In contrast to the vigorous gestures of the action painters, another group of artists who came to be
known as “color field painters” used different color saturations purity, vividness, intensity) to create
their desired effects.

 Magenta, Black, Green Vir Heroicus Sublimis

on Orange Barnett Newman, 1950-1951
Mark Rothko, 1949 Oil on canvas Oil on canvas
Impressionism
 Was an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19th century among a group
of Paris-based artists.
 The duration of the impressionist movement itself was quite short, less than 20 years
from 1872 to the mid-1880s.
 The name impressionism was coined from the title of a work by French painter Claude
Monet.
 The term precisely captured what this group of artists sought to represent in their works:
the viewer’s momentary “impression” of an image.

Eugène Delacroix
 French painter
 Was greatly admired and emulated by the early impressionists—specifically for his use
of expressive brushstrokes, his emphasis on movement rather than on clarity of form, and
most of all his study of the optical effects of color.
 The Barque of Dante(Painting of Eugene Delacroix), contained a then revolutionary
technique that would profoundly influence the coming impressionist movement. And it
involved something as simple as droplets of water.

Dante’s Inferno (Painting of Eugene Delacroix)

 Showing Dante and the poet Virgil crossing hell’s River Styx, while tormented souls
struggle to climb aboard their boat.
 It is the drops of water running down the bodies of these doomed souls (see enlarged
detail below) that are painted in a manner almost never used in Delacroix’s time.

The Barque of Dante

Eugène Delacroix, 1822
Oil on canvas
Color and Light
 The painting conventions and techniques of earlier art periods were very
much concerned with line, form, and composition.
 In contrast, the impressionists painted with freely brushed colors that
conveyed more of a visual effect than a detailed rendering of the subject.
 They used short “broken” strokes that were intentionally made visible to the
viewer.

“Everyday” Subjects
 Impressionists also began to break away from the creation of formally posed
portraits and grandiose depictions of mythical, literary, historical, or religious
subjects.

Painting Outdoors
 The location in which the impressionists painted was also different.
Previously, still lifes, portraits, and landscapes were usually painted inside a
studio.

Open Composition
 Impressionist painting also moved away from the formal, structured approach
to placing and positioning their subjects.

Damian Domingo
 The First Great Filipino Painter”AKA Damian Gabor Domingo “Father of
Filipino Painting
 1st Filipino to paint his face
 1st self-portrait in the Philippines
 Academia de Dibujo y Pintura
 Date of Birth: 1796
 Birthplace: Tondo, Manila, Philippines
 Year of Death: 1834

BAHALA NA SA FILIPINO MODERN ARTS HAHAHA

Lifestyle Diseases
• They are diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by
other factors.

Controllable Risk Factors

• Your diet and body weight
• Your daily levels of physical activity

Uncontrollable factors
• Age
• Race
• Gender
• Heredity

Types Of Lifestyle Diseases

• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes
• Stroke
• Cancer
• Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease
• Depression
• Musculoskeletal disorder

Cardiovascular Diseases
• Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are diseases or disorders that result from
damage to the heart and blood vessels.

Common Cardiovascular Diseases:-

• High Blood Pressure
• Heart Attack
• Arteriosclerosis-fat deposition in blood vessels

Diabetes
• A disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the blood such that
high blood-glucose levels result.
• Type 1- body’s inability to produce insulin (born with)
• Type 2- body’s inability to respond to insulin (develop)
Stroke
• stroke is the loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to
the brain. This disturbance is due to either ischemia (lack of blood flow) or
hemorrhage
• Risk factors for stroke include old age, high blood pressure, diabetes, high
cholesterol and tobacco smoking .High blood pressure is the most important
modifiable risk factor.

Cancer
• A disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth Benign tumors are not cancerous
and usually do not spread.
• Malignant tumors are cancerous and do spread
• Causes:
– Certain viruses (HPV)
– Radiation (UV rays, X-rays)
– Chemicals in tobacco smoke
– Asbestos (material used in fireproofing)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as chronic
obstructive lung disease (COLD) characterized by chronically poor airflow. It
typically worsens over time. The main symptoms include shortness of breath,
cough and sputum production

Depression
• Is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's
thoughts, behavior, feelings and sense of well-being. Depressed people can feel
sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, worried, helpless, worthless, guilty,
irritable, hurt, or restless.

Prevention of Depression
• Healthy Eating- The easiest way to improve your diet is to cut out the junk.
Avoiding foods high in refined sugar, and foods packed with
saturated fats should be your first step. include amino-acid-rich foods—such as
meat, dairy products, and certain fruits and vegetables in your diet. Complex
carbohydrate help to stimulate the feel good neurotransmitter serotonin,
carbohydrates can be found in whole grains, legumes, vegetables such as spinach
and broccoli, fruits such as oranges & pears.
• Exercise- increases your body’s production of natural antidepressants.
Research has shown that exercise reduces stress, improves mood, boosts self-
esteem, and provides restful sleep.

• Weight loss- Losing weight not only improves your self-esteem and overall
health, but also may give your mind the boost it needs. Eating right and
exercising regularly is the tried-and-true method for losing weight and keeping it
off.

Meditation- Meditation is the practice of engaging in a mental exercise—such

as deep breathing or repetition of a phrase (mantra) Meditation can help relieve
anxiety that sometimes accompanies depression.

• Sleep- Proper sleep hygiene is an important part of a depression treatment

plan. Having a calming bedtime routine that helps you wind down and following
a consistent sleep.

• Relationship- Depression can be alienating, but the right network of friends

and loved ones can help you overcome your problems. Spending time with
positive, supportive, and loving people can help you through your darkest times.

• Avoid Sedentary life- it may lead to depression, stay active , do your

hobbies, read books, take active part in social activity.

Musculoskeletal Disease
• Healthy diet with physical activity in childhood & adolescence builds strong &
healthy bones.
• High peak bone density in this age reduces the risk of osteoporosis in later life.
• Exercise strengthens the bones , ligaments & muscle surrounding joints .

Minimum recommendation for physical Activity by WHO

• Children & young people:- moderate intensity activity for at least 60 mints
per day.
• Adults:- at least 30 mints of exercise most if not all days. Should include
flexibility, muscle strength & endurance exercise twice a week.
• 60 to 90 mints to improve when already in poor health or to lose weight.
• Moderate exercise is Brisk walking, swimming, cycling, gardening with
moderate effort
 Article 2 of R.A# 7394- The state will protect the interest of the
consumers. This means that the government must ensure the passage and
enforcement of laws and regulations that will safeguard the rights and welfare
of the consumers.

 Bureau of food and drugs

 Department of Health
 Department of Trade and Industry

Professional and Voluntary groups

Philippine Medical Association

 Protects consumers and medical personnel against improper and fraudulent
advertising of nostrums and proprietary products.

Philippine Dental Association

 Standardizes materials used in dental practices

Consumer Union of the Philippines

 Offer subscribers information and counsel on consumer goods and services.

Better and Business Bureaus

 Fights frauds, promotes advertising accuracy and reduces unfair competition.

Kilusang Mamimili sa Pilipinas

 Encourages consumers to make intelligent purchases of products and services
Provides a meeting place to discuss consumer problems.

Home Economics Association and Other Nutrition Groups

 Provides students with an understanding of grades of products, standards and
services for consumers to combat food quackery and faddist.

Bureau of Post
 investigates any incidence of mail fraud
 regulates attempts to sell worthless and harmful merchandise or drugs through
mail.
Laws Protecting the Consumers

1. R.A # 3720
 This law states the policy of the government in ensuring safe and
good quality food, drugs, and cosmetics and to regulate the
production. This law also establishes the standard and quality of
products and services.

2. R.A# 3740
 This law penalizes fraudulent advertising, mislabeling, and
misbranding of any products.

3. R.A# 428
 This act declares illegal the possession, sale, or distribution of
aquatic animals disabled or killed by means of dynamite, and other
explosive devices or toxic substances, and provides penalties thereof.

4. PD#187
 it prescribes the use of metric system of weights and measures as the
standard measurement for all products, commodities, materials,
utilities, and services in all business and legal transactions.

5. R.A# 8976
 this acts establishes the Philippine Food Fortification Program. It is
mandatory to increase the nutritive value of rice, sugar, flour, and
cooking oil.

6. Philippine Consumer Protection Law. Proclamation No. 822

 This proclamation states that the protection of the consuming public
against unreasonable price increases or fraudulent practices should be
the continuing concern of the government.

7. Executive Order No. 913

 It strengthens the rule making and adjudicating powers of the DTI in
order to further protect the consumer.
8. Republic Act 817
 This act promotes salt iodization nationwide. It requires the DOH to
undertake the salt iodization program and for BFAD to create and
enforce standards for food grade salt or salt for human and animal
consumption.

9. Act # 3740- Amended by Commonwealth Act no. 46

 It states that the products, commodities, of any kind, imported or
locally manufactured, shall be properly packed and labelled, marked
or branded to represent the true character, amount, value, contents,
properties, and conditions of the articles or the materials of which
these commodities or products are composed.

CONSUMER HEALTH
 Aims to develop a person’s ability to evaluate and utilize health information,
products, and services wisely and effectively.
 It is the study of products and services that have an effect on health
and decisions on how to spend time and money.

HEALTH INFORMATION
 Pertains to the claim and facts about the products and services affecting the
health consumers.
 This may involve ingredients or raw materials used, nutrition facts, directions
of consumption, expiration date, serving amount, manufacturing company,
prescribed consumers, and cautions.

HEALTH PRODUCTS
 These are goods or things that people take or use
 It may be consumable such as medicine, foods, and drinks, or non-
consumable such as tools for body exercise, relaxing music, equipment for
health improvement, and many more.

HEALTH SERVICES
 Those amenities created to address health concerns such as hospitals, clinics,
spas and the likes
 It also includes professional services rendered by doctors, nurses, aids and all
health workers
HOW TO BECOME A WISE AND WELL INFORMED CONSUMER?
 Get to know the products or services first.
 Be meticulous
 Consult the authorities when in doubt.
 Never sacrifice quality from quantity.

INTELLIGENT CONSUMER
 You prioritize your needs and limit your purchase on your ability to
pay.

SPENDTHRIFT CONSUMER
 You lavish yourself with anything or everything that indicates
luxury. Thrift or Economy is not in your vocabulary.

BARGAIN ADDICT
 You have an obsession for all types of bargain sale and becomes an
easy prey to the sales traps laid by deceitful traders.

CLOSED-FISTED CONSUMER
 You are someone who hoards money but you deprive yourself of
your needs.

PANIC BUYER
 You are easily agitated by rumors of rising prices, product shortages,
and political disorders and tend to hoard unreasonable quantity of
households supplies and thereby contributes to price increase and
artificial shortages.

IMPULSIVE BUYER
 You do not prioritize your needs. You buy anything that you think
you need or like and regret it afterwards.

WASTEFUL CONSUMER
 You have the habit of leaving the lights on, ignoring leaking faucets,
buying more than enough food that you can consume and throwing
away good food afterwards.