CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The researcher was used library research by colleting the data from some books and many

other resources, that can be related to the subject matter being analyzed. The researcher use

Lucy M. Montgomery’s Novel: Anne of Green Gable as the main source of data. This novel

contains important information for the subject matter being analyzed. The others are about

the main characters in the novel.

A. Research Design

The writer uses descriptive qualitative research that does not include collecting data

by numerical or statistical measurentment. The writer will try to analyze the main character

and characterization of Anne in Anne of Green Gables by L.M Montgomery through the

methods of characterization.

B. Research Approach and technique

According to Wiyatmi (2006), there are some approaches derived from four main approaches

which used to analyzed a literary work proposed by Abrams. They are: mimetic, pragmatic,

expressive, and objective. The four main approaches are developed into eleven approaches.

Those approaches are:

1. Mimetic approach

If using this approach, the researcher will analyze the work of literature as imitation,

reflection, or representation of world and human being. They will find and proof the truth of

that work which is presented by the author.

2. Pragmatic Approach

In this approach, the researcher collected see the work of literature as something which is

constructed in order to achieve certain effect on the audience such as aesthetic pleasure,

instruction or kind of emotion. It arouses certain people‟s emotion or even can change their

minds. In other words, the researcher will lead the readers to agree with his idea.

3. Expressive Approach

In this approach, the researcher collected focus on to the author of literature, so the researcher

must learn more or give more attention to the author‟s biography, his educational background

and the author in form of paragraph and dialogue in the work of literature.

4. Objective approach

This approach views a story, a poem. A play or novel to be on individual entity, existing on

the page, that can be read and understood in its own right, without necessary studying the

author‟s life or the age in which it is written or its possible effects on its reader.

The approach uses in this study is objective approach because in analyzing the novel, the

research did not consider the author‟s life and the age of the novel is written. The research

considered the novel as something which is existing on its pages, then analyzed main

character in Anne of Green Gables novel .

The technique is used in this study is library research which is used two kinds sources of

data. The primary source is the novel Anne Of Green Gables itself, and the secondary source

is other books, articles , journals, and websites.

C. Data Sources

Data sources can be found from books and internet . The writer takes the source for

this research, such as books and internet. The main source that the writer uses is the book of
“Anne of Green Gables “ By Lucy Maud Montgomery. Then, there are also several book that

are relevant with this research, the topic are mostly an analysis of the main character in The

Anne of the Green Gables . To give additional materials, the writer is also browsing on the

internet.

D. Data Collection

In collecting the data the researcher conducted the following steps , The first, the researcher

reads the English version of the book "Anne of green gables" , and also reads the book in the

Indonesian version to find out about the whole story. then, The second, researcher focuses

on one interesting thing to discuss and analyze by reading other books and journals that

contain information about character and characterization. The third, Taking notes the influence

informations and marking them which the researcher considers as the important things to be

analyzed

E. Data Analysis

The data of this study can be analyzed as follows :

1. Collecting data taken from primary source ‘Anne of Green Gables Novel’ . The

researcher read and collected the novel Anne of Green Gables by Lucy M. Montgomery for

take several information about main characters and characterization, to analyze the data about

the main characters and characterization, and The researcher was describe the main

characters and characteristics.

2. Researching secondary source

3. Formulating hypothesis and research question

4. Intinsic approach that aims to describe and analyze one of the intrinsic

elements , namely the character and also characterization

(you should explain more about the step of how you collect the data especially for number 2,3 and
f4 in Data Analysis.)