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Dịch SCM
Dịch SCM
Dịch SCM
3.2. Modeling approach and formulation As the overall approach, we model the problem
using a finite horizon planning model. We consider two time buckets in the planning
horizon, small and big time buckets. The smalltime buckets, which can be an hour, a day,
or a week, are the time periods that we use in overhaul production and exchange
scheduling of the rotable modules. The demand of the rotables and the overhaul durations
are given in terms of the small-time bucket. We chose day as the small bucket in our
numerical analysis. The big time bucket, which could be a quarter, 6 months, or a year,
are the time intervals during which we assume the workforce level to be constant and we
can change the workforce level only from a big time bucket to the next. In our analyses,
we used quarter as the big-time bucket, and we allow workforce levels to be changed at
the beginning of the quarters. Let denote the number of days in the planning horizon, then
the set of periods is . As the big time bucket, we use quarters and let the number of
quarters in the planning horizon be n. Then, the set of periods in which the workforce
level can be written as, assuming each quarter consists of 90 days. The workforce can be
changed on the first day of each quarter. We assume that there are set of exchange orders
for multiple type rotable modules with known due dates, and we know the overhaul
process times for both regular and expedited modes. We let be the number of different
types rotable modules and define the set of rotable module types as . The list of due dates
for exchanges for rotable type j during the planning horizon is given as set I(j). At any
day in the planning horizon, we have three types of rotable inventory; ready-to-use,
awaiting overhaul, and under the overhaul process. The flow of rotable module inventory
as a closed loop supply chain is illustrated in Figure 1. The optimization model decides
how many of each type of module to have as the initial inventory, at which day to satisfy
each exchange request, how many overhauls to start at each day in both regular and
expedited overhaul modes, number of workers to have during each quarter in the
planning horizon, and how much overtime to have in each day. The model has inventory
balance, capacity restriction, and demand satisfaction type constraints. The inventory
balance constraints are for both ready-to-use inventory and awaiting-overhaul type
inventory. The capacity constraints make sure that the used capacity in man-hours on a
day is more than the available hours on that day, which is composed of regular working
hours and overtime hours. Demand satisfaction is about satisfying exchange requests on
their due date or earlier, up to a maximum earliness limit. The expedited overhauls take a
shorter amount of time while requiring more hours per day.