27/02/2015

BASIC
DEFINITIONS
[ SHIP BASICS ]
 SHIP BASIC TERMS:
1. ANCHOR
- A heavy hook shaped device for holding a ship at rest in water.
2. AFT PERPENDICULAR
- A vertical line at the after end of the rudder post. If there is no rudder post, it usually is
taken at the Centre of the rudder stock
3. FORWARD PERPENDICULAR
- A vertical line through the intersection of the stem with the load water line.

4. BALLAST
- Ship Ballast is material that is used to provide stability to a vehicle or structure
5. BASE LINE
- A straight horizontal line near the bottom of the moulded surface from which vertical
heights are measured.

6. CENTER LINE
- The middle line of the ship extending from stem to stern.
7. BARGE
- A watertight vessel which floats above water.
- There are 2 types :
1. Self-propelled barges
2. Towed barges
8. BEAM
- Dimension "b" is the beam. The beam of a ship is its width at the widest point as
measured at the ship's nominal waterline.

9. BERTH
- A place where ships are built or modified.
10. BILGE KEEL
- The prime function of which is to help damp the rolling motion of the vessel

11. BOLLARD
- A bollard is a short vertical post. Originally it meant a post used on a ship or a quay,
principally for mooring.
12. BRACKET
- A stiffening member used to connect Deck beam to a frame, a frame to a margin plate.

13. BRIDGE
- A deck in the superstructure of a ship. It’s also called as Navigation deck or wheelhouse
deck.
14. BULKHEAD
- A bulkhead is an upright wall within the hull of a ship.
15. CAMBER
- The camber is a measure of lateral main deck curvature in naval architecture. The curve
is applied to a deck transversely, measured as the height of deck at centreline above the
height of deck at side.

16. SHEER
- Stress acting towards longitudinal length.
17. CHAIN LOCKER
- A compartment in forward portion of ship where anchor chain is stored.
18. COFFERDAM
- A narrow vacant space between two bulkheads. A double watertight bulkhead.
19. COLLISION BULKHEAD
- The watertight bulkhead nearest the bow of a ship (forepeak Bulkhead).
20. CORRUGATED BULKHEAD
- These Bulkheads with corrugated plating eliminates the need for stiffeners
21. DEPTH
- The height of the ship at the midship section from the base line to thee moulded of the
deck at side.
22. DRAFT
- The vertical distance of the lowest point of the ship below the surface of water.

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23. DOUBLE BOTTOM
- A double bottom is a ship hull design and construction method where the bottom of the
ship has two complete layers of watertight hull surface: one outer layer forming the
normal hull of the ship, and a second inner hull which is somewhat higher in the ship,
perhaps a few feet, which forms a redundant barrier to seawater in case the outer hull is
damaged and leaks.

24. LIGHTWEIGHT
- The entire hull steel weight along with the outfitting and machinery weight is called as
the Lightship weight of a ship. LWT is the term used to specify the Lightweight of a ship
- LWT = WEIGHT OF STEEL + WEIGHT OF MACHINE + WEIGHT OF OUTFITTING.
25. DEADWEIGHT
- The total weight of cargo, fuel, water, stores, passengers and crew. DWT is often used to
specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight.
- DWT = LWT + CREW + CARGO WEIGHT + FUEL WEIGHT
26. DECK
- A part of ship corresponding to the floor of a building.
27. ERECTION
- The process of hoisting into place and bolting the various parts of a ship’s hull.
28. DOUBLING PLATE
- An additional plate fitted outside or inside to give extra strength and stiffness.
29. DRYDOCK
- Dry docking is a term used for repairs or when a ship is taken to the service yard. During
dry docking, the whole ship is brought to a dry land so that the submerged portions of
the hull can be cleaned or inspected

30. FRAME LINE

- The intersection of moulded surface with a vertical plane perpendicular to the centre
line. Fame lines are shown in body plan of the lines drawing.
31. FLANGE
- A part of a plate or shape at or nearly at right angles to main port, to bend over to form
an angle.

32. FOUNDATION
- Supports for small machinery such as winches, condensers, heaters, etc.

33. GALLEY
- A cook room or a kitchen.
34. STIFFNER
- An angle bar, T-bar, channel, etc., used to stiffen plating of a bulkhead or other
members.

35. KEEL
- The principal structural member of a boat or ship, running along the center of the hull
from bow to stern, to which the ribs are attached.
36. SHELL EXPANSION
- A plan or Drawing showing details of all shell plating and shell longitudinals.

37. LAUNCHING
- The operation of placing a hull in water by allowing it to slide down on greased skids
called launching ways.

38. LENGTH BETWEEN PERPENDICULAR

- The length of ship measured from the forward perpendicular to the aft perpendicular.

39. LENGTH OVERALL

- The entire length of ship measured from extreme forward end to the extreme aft end.
40. MAIN DECK
- The principal deck of a large ship or vessel. Or the highest complete deck on a naval
vessel extending the full length and width of the ship.

41. MIDSHIP
- The middle part of the vessel is called as midship region.
42. MOORING
- Moored definition, to secure (a ship, boat, dirigible, etc.) in a particular place, as by
cables and anchors or by lines

43. PARALLEL MIDDLE BODY

- The straight part at the center of the ship where the water lines and buttocks have no
curvature; i.e. where all the fore and aft lines are parallel.
44. PILLAR
- A vertical member or column which provides support to a deck girder.
45. PROPELLER
- A rotating device which drives a ship through water.
46. RUDDER
- A flat piece or structure attached upright to the sternpost of a vessel used to turn a
vessel.

47. RUDDER STOCK

- The shank of a rudder which extends through shell upward to the steering engine
48. QUARTERS
- The living room of the crew members.
49. HATCH COVER
- An opening or a passage in deck.
50. SEA CHEST
- A compartment through which sea water is admitted or discharged.
51. SEAM
- A line where two plates are joined together i.e. welded together is called a seam.
52. BUTTOCK
- A distance from centreline, the intersection of the moulded surface with a vertical plane
at a given distance from the centreline of a ship.
53. WATERLINE
- Any one of a certain lines of a ship parallel with the base line. They represent the shape
of ship along Y –axis.

54. MAIN ENGINE

- Engines used in ships are called as main engine
55. SKYLIGHT
- An opening in a deck to give air and light to the compartment below it.
56. BED PLATE
- The plate where the engine is seated or attached to the foundation is called as a Bed
plate.
57. BOW THRUSTER
- A bow thruster or stern thruster is a transversal propulsion device built into or mounted
to the bow or stern of a ship.

58. TANK TOP

- The plating over the double bottom.
59. TRANSOM
- The main frame at the rudder stock. I.e. the aft most part of the vessel is called Transom.
60. TRIM
- The difference in draft level of aft and fwd of a ship is called as Trim.
61. TUG BOAT
- A vessel generally used on inland rivers to push barges and ships.
62. WHEEL
- Steering gear is called as the wheel and it is located at the wheel house deck.
63. WINDLASS
- A machine used to hoist the anchors by winding in the anchor chain.
64. PORT HOLE
- A small opening in the hull or a small round window in the side of a ship.