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    Emmanuel Delarosa
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    This document provides an overview of SQL data manipulation commands including INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE. It describes the basic syntax for each command and provides examples. Key points covered include using SELECT to filter rows using criteria like WHERE, BETWEEN, IN, LIKE, IS NULL and to sort results with ORDER BY. The document also explains how to retrieve unique values with DISTINCT and add, modify and remove rows from tables.

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    This document provides an overview of SQL data manipulation commands including INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE. It describes the basic syntax for each command and provides examples. Key points covered include using SELECT to filter rows using criteria like WHERE, BETWEEN, IN, LIKE, IS NULL and to sort results with ORDER BY. The document also explains how to retrieve unique values with DISTINCT and add, modify and remove rows from tables.

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    27 views1 page

    SQL Basics

    Uploaded by

    Emmanuel Delarosa
    This document provides an overview of SQL data manipulation commands including INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE. It describes the basic syntax for each command and provides examples. Key points covered include using SELECT to filter rows using criteria like WHERE, BETWEEN, IN, LIKE, IS NULL and to sort results with ORDER BY. The document also explains how to retrieve unique values with DISTINCT and add, modify and remove rows from tables.

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    of 1

    IT1924

    Introduction to SQL (Part II) o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name WHERE
    column LIKE pattern;
    SQL Data Manipulation Commands o Wildcards: % represents zero, one, or multiple characters
    • The basic data manipulation commands are: INSERT, SELECT while _ represents a single character
    UPDATE, and DELETE. o Example: SELECT * FROM Students WHERE LastName LIKE
    • INSERT INTO – adds new rows/records to a table '_b%';
    o Syntax: INSERT INTO table_name (columns) VALUES o Meaning: All students with last names that have 'b' in the
    (values); second position.
    o Example: INSERT INTO Students (LastName, Section) • IN – an operator used with WHERE to check whether a value matches
    VALUES ('Reyes', 'IT102'); any value within a given list
    o To add new records to all the columns of a table o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name WHERE
    ▪ Syntax: INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (values); column IN (values);
    ▪ Example: INSERT INTO Students VALUES ('Reyes', o Example: SELECT * FROM Students WHERE Section IN
    'IT102'); ('IT101', 'IT102', 'IT103');
    • SELECT – retrieves values of all rows or a subset of rows in a table • BETWEEN – an operator used with WHERE to check whether a value
    o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name; is within a range
    o Example: SELECT LastName, Section FROM Students; o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name WHERE
    o To select all columns: column BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
    ▪ Syntax: SELECT * FROM table_name; o Example: SELECT * FROM Students WHERE Age BETWEEN
    ▪ Example: SELECT * FROM Students; 13 AND 15;
    • DISTINCT – an operator used with SELECT to retrieve unique values • ORDER BY – An option used with SELECT to sort retrieved values in
    from columns in a table ascending or descending order
    o Syntax: SELECT DISTINCT columns FROM table_name; o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name ORDER BY
    o Example: SELECT DISTINCT Section FROM Students; columns;
    • WHERE – an option used with SELECT to filter the rows of data based o Example: SELECT * FROM STUDENTS ORDER BY
    on provided criteria LastName
    o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name o To sort values in descending order:
    WHERE condition; SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY columns DESC;
    o Example: SELECT * FROM Students WHERE Section = • UPDATE – modifies existing records in a table
    'IT101'; o Syntax: UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, …
    o To select numeric fields, do not enclose in quotation marks. WHERE condition;
    Example: SELECT * FROM Students WHERE Age >= 18; o Example: UPDATE Students SET Section = 'IT202', Status =
    • IS NULL – an operator used with SELECT to determine whether a field 'Irregular' WHERE StudentID = '2018-100013';
    is empty or not • DELETE – removes existing records in a table
    o Syntax: SELECT columns FROM table_name WHERE o Syntax: DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
    column IS NULL; o DELETE FROM Students WHERE StudentID = '2018-
    o Example: SELECT LastName, Section FROM Students 100013';
    WHERE Section IS NULL; o To delete all records: DELETE FROM table_name;
    • LIKE – an operator used with WHERE to determine whether a value Reference:
    matches a given string pattern Coronel, C. and Morris, S. (2017). Database systems: design, implementation, and management (12th ed.). USA:
    Cengage Learning.

    07 Handout 1 *Property of ST
     student.feedback@sti.edu Page 1 of 1

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