COURSE MATERIAL

Subject Code: BAITBUSL

Course Title: I.T. Application Tools in Business

Course Description: This course is designed to introduce students to the world of computers
and software applications. This course will provide them a solid
foundation on how to build a strong and useful knowledge of Information
Technology

No. of Units:

Class Schedule: Synchronous: Monday 9:00am – 11:00am

Asynchronous:Monday 7:00am – 9:00am

Course Learning Outcome:

At the end of the course, the student must be able to:

1. Examine the relationship between technology and society through different learning activities;
2. Interpret how computer technology can benefit different businesses, industries, and organiza-
tions;
3. Examine integrated areas of enterprise resource planning through different learning activities
and demonstrations; and
4. Use enterprise resource planning application tools for business

About the Instructor:

Contact Information:

Topics:

Module 1: Technology in the Industry

• Definition of Technology
• Internet of Things (IOT)
• Business Process Automation (BPA)
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
• Evolution and Trend of ERP
• Characteristics of ERP
• When does a company need an ERP System?

SM Baliwag Complex, Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway, Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan
(+63) 927-533-0342 – (+63) 923-949-5265 admissions-nubaliwag@nu.edu.ph
 MODULE 1: TECHNOLOGY IN THE INDUSTRY

I. Pre-test / Activity:

II. Learning Outcomes:

1. Explain the relationship between technology and society.

2. Analyze the Internet of Things (IOT).

III. Content:

Definition of Technology

Definition of Technology

Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in the
industry. It includes machines like computers, techniques, processes, and programs. Examples of
technology can be found in homes and personal spaces, industries, business, and the medical
profession. Technology surrounds the modern life everyone has today.

Information Technology (IT) is the study and use of systems, especially computers, for storing,
retrieving, and sending information.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the connection of devices, such as computers, smartphones,
cars, and even kitchen appliance, to the Internet. IoT device is any standalone Internet-
connected device that can be monitored and/or controlled from a remote location; while an IoT
Ecosystem is a complex interconnected system where it allows different components that enable
businesses, governments, and consumers to connect to their IoT devices.

Parts of IoT Ecosystem

1. Entity – It includes business, governments, and consumers.
2. Physical Layer – This is the hardware that makes an IoT device, including sensors and
networking gears.
3. Network Layer – This is the Internet communication layer responsible for transmitting
the data collected by the physical layer to different devices.
4. Application Layer – This includes the protocols and interfaces that devices use to identi-
fy and communicate.
5. Remotes – These enables entities to connect and control IoT devices.
6. Dashboard – It displays information about the IoT ecosystem and is generally housed on
a remote.

SM Baliwag Complex, Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway, Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan
(+63) 927-533-0342 – (+63) 923-949-5265 admissions-nubaliwag@nu.edu.ph
 7. Analysis – It is the software system that analyzes the data generated by IoT devices.

8. Data Storage – This is where data from IoT device is stored.

Business Process Automation (BPA)

Business Process Automation (BPA) is the process of managing data, information, and pro-
cesses to reduce costs, resources and investments. BPA increases productivity by automating
key business processes through computing technology. This process is geared toward imple-
menting software applications to automate routine business tasks through initiation, execution,
and completion while achieving enterprise-wide workflow efficiency. An enterprise resource
planning (ERP) system is often conceived as a BPA’s implementation outcome.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system refers to a business system and software package
which integrate and streamline data across the company into one (1) complete system to support
the needs of the entire enterprise. It is designed to enhance all aspects of operations by taking
processes and functions that were previously disjointed, supported by various legacy systems,
and seamlessly integrating and coordinating them.

Legacy systems are older, standalone, diverse systems which were used by the business indus-
try. These systems were created individually to satisfy one (1) specific area of business alone.

EVOLUTION AND TREND OF ERP

ERP History

1913 Engr. Ford Whitman Harris developed the Economic Order Quantity
(EOQ) Model, a paper-based manufacturing system for production schedul-
ing
1964 Toolmaker Black and Decker is the first company to adopt a Material Re-
quirements Planning (MRP), a software-based integrated information system
designed to improve productivity for business. MRP was the result of the
combination of EOQ concepts and mainframe computers.
1983 MRP II was developed. It featured modules as a key software architectural
component and integrated core manufacturing components, which include
purchasing, bill of materials, scheduling, and contract management.
As computer technology evolved through the 1980s, concepts like MRP II
were developed to handle business activities beyond manufacturing, incor-
porating finance, customer relationship management, and human resources
data
1990 Gartner, Inc., a leading technology research and advisory company, coined
this new category of business management software, Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP).

SM Baliwag Complex, Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway, Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan
(+63) 927-533-0342 – (+63) 923-949-5265 admissions-nubaliwag@nu.edu.ph
21st Century From the 1990s until the beginning of the 21st century, ERP adaptation pro-
liferated as more organizations relied on it to streamline core business pro-
cesses and improve data visibility.

ERP Today

As the use of ERP rapidly grows in the industry, the cost of implementing an ERP system has
begun to climb as well. Not only in terms of hardware’s and software’s expensive capital in-
vestments, but it often requires additional costs for custom coding, consultants, and training
nowadays. Concurrently, the ERP technology has evolved to embrace the Internet. It integrated
new features and functionalities such as product life cycle management (PLM), supply chain
management (SCM), and customer relationship management (CRM).

ERP has also entered the use of cloud services. Software-as-a-service (SaaS) is a software li-
censing model in which access to the software is provided on a subscription basis, with the soft-
ware being located on external servers rather than on servers located in-house. The cloud offers
a more affordable and alternative workaround for ERP, which lowers both operational expenses
and capital expenses.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ERP
The distinctive characteristics of ERP are as follows:
• Transforms an enterprise into an information-driven enterprise
• Fundamentally models a process-oriented enterprise
• Enables a rea-time enterprise
• Elevates information technology strategy as part of the business strategy
• A mass-user-oriented application environment.

WHEN DOES A COMPANY NEED AN ERP SYSTEM?

1. Desire for growth
There are existing process and systems which might not be able to manage an increasing
number of end users and transactions within the company. An ERP system is highly sug-
gested for a growing company because it can handle and standardize the continuous
growth of processes and integrated data across the organization.
2. Too many business systems supporting processes
Running various business systems in a company to support different processes can cause
confusion and inefficient workflow within the organization. Different systems in the
company also mean different IT maintenance team per system. Additionally, each sys-
tem’s upgrade can cost huge monetary allotment for the company. Therefore, a company
needs an ERP system to have an organized, effective, and efficient workflow within the
organization.
3. Business lacks compliance
Government and institutional requirements continue to grow and evolve. Navigating
through numerous legal, regulatory, and supply chain mandates can be complicated and
time- consuming. With the help of an ERP system, the reports, accounting standards, and
SM Baliwag Complex, Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway, Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan
(+63) 927-533-0342 – (+63) 923-949-5265 admissions-nubaliwag@nu.edu.ph
 documentation can be done satisfactorily.

IV. Activity

Refer to Seatwork_1 file

V. References:

Arguin, V. (2017, May 4). What is the ERP implementation process? [Web log post]. Retrieved
from https://www.acumatica.com/blog/what-is-the-erp-implementation-process/
• Bradford, M (2015). Modern ERP: Select, implement, and use today’s advanced business
systems (3rd Ed.). North Carolina, USA.
• Kale, V. (2016). Enhancing enterprise intelligence: Leveraging ERP, CRM, SCM, PLM,
BPM, and BI. USA: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
• Kenton, W. (2017). Software as a service – Saas [web log post]. Retrieved from
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/software-as -service - saas.asp
• Kenton, W. (2018). Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) [web log post]. Retrieved
from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/mrp.asp
• Meaning of Technology (n.d.). In Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved from https://en.osford
dictionaries.com/ definition/technology
• What is ERP?(n.d.). In Oracle. Retrieved from https://www.oracle/applications/erp/
what-is-erp.html

SM Baliwag Complex, Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway, Brgy. Pagala, Baliwag, Bulacan
(+63) 927-533-0342 – (+63) 923-949-5265 admissions-nubaliwag@nu.edu.ph